THE STATE EXAM IN PEDIATRICS – QUESTIONS – THIRD FUCULTY OF MEDICINE
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General pediatric problems, a newborn infant,
inherited inborn disorders
Childhood age periods and their main characteristics
Growth and its evaluation
Breastfeeding and its importance
Formula feeding in infants and types of formulas
Preventive care in pediatrics, routine visits
Vaccination
Psychomotoric development and its evaluation
Percentile charts of anthropometric parameters
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Trace elements in child nutrition
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Puberty - its evaluation and disorders
Injuries and intoxications in children
Problematics of foreign bodies in children
Transplantations in pediatrics
Social aspects in pediatrics, child abuse and neglect
syndrome
Water balance related to age
Nutrition and its disorders
Vitamins in child nutrition
Minerals and their disorders
Parenteral and enteral nutrition
Shock in pediatrics
Dehydration - principles of treatment
Disorders of acid-base balance
Pharmacotherapy in pediatrics
Characteristic of a newborn
Newborn - adaptation after birth
Low-birthweight newborns, hypo(hyper)trophy, prematurity
Newborn screening
Life threatening congenital developmental defects in
newborn
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Diseases
Differential Diagnosis of Symptoms
Disorders of the esophagus and of the stomach
Diarrhea – dehydration and rehydration
Liver diseases, portal hypertension
Disorders of the adrenal glands
Disorders of the intestines (apart from autoimmune)
Calcium-phosphate metabolism disorders
Diabetes mellitus (apart from ketoacidosis)
Inherited metabolic disorders with acute decompensation in
neonatal and infant period
Inherited metabolic disorders with possible later acute
manifestation (after neonatal period)
Inherited metabolic disorders with chronic course
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Streptococcal and staphylococcal infections
Infections of the central nervous system
Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Kawasaki disease)
Fever - dif. dg.
Exanthema - dif. dg.
Headache - dif. dg.
Convulsions - dif. dg.
Polyuria-polydipsia - dif. dg.
Meningeal irritation - dif. dg.
Hematuria - dif. dg.
Abdominal pain - dif. dg.
Tuberculosis
Inherited anemias
Autoimmune diseases (apart from vasculitis syndromes)
Herpetic infections
Urinary tract infections
Cystic fibrosis
Disorders of the nephrones (apart from nephrotic syndrome )
Acquired anemias
Nephrotic syndrome
Upper respiratory tract disorders
Lower respiratory tract disorders
Oncological diseases, leukemias – in children
Heart disorders ( apart from congenital heart defects )
Platelets disorders
Arterial hypertension - dif. dg.
Hypernatremia, hyponatremia - dif. dg.
Delayed and precocious puberty - dif. dg.
Anuria, oliguria - dif. dg.
Exspiratory dyspnea - dif. dg.
Obesity - dif. dg.
Hypoglycemia - dif. dg.
Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly - dif. dg.
Psychomotoric retardation - dif. dg.
Joint pain, gait disorders - dif. dg.
Proteinuria - dif. dg.
Enuresis, voiding disorders - dif. dg.
Leukocytosis, leucopenia - dif. dg.
Inspiratory dyspnea - dif. dg.
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Hyper-, hypokalemia. - dif. dg.
Enlarged lymph nodes - dif. dg.
Failure to thrive and weight-loss - dif. dg.
Edema - dif. dg.
Vomiting - dif. dg.
Short stature - dif. dg.
THE STATE EXAM IN PEDIATRICS – QUESTIONS – THIRD FUCULTY OF MEDICINE
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Respiratory disorders in a newborn
Jaundice in a newborn
Neonatal infections, congenital infections
Congenital anomalies of the urinary tract
Congenital anomalies of the respiratory tract
Congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract
Congenital heart defects without a shunt
Congenital heart defects – left-to-right shunt lesions
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Congenital heart defects – right-to-left shunt lesions
Development and disorders of the immune system
Sudden infant death syndrome, infant mortality rate
Exanthema-presenting diseases
Histiocytic syndromes
Complications of streptococcal infections
Blood coagulation disorders
Allergic diseases in childhood
Disorders of the thyroid gland
Bone, muscle and joint disorders in childhood
Disorders of sex development (differentiation)
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (glutensensitive enteropathy )
Malabsorption syndromes
Disorders of neurohypophysis
Disorders of adenohypophysis
Invasive bacterial infections - sepsis
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Hypoproteinemia - dif. dg.
Cough - dif. dg.
Disturbances of consciousness - dif. dg.
Jaundice - dif. dg.
Increased blood sedimentation rate - dif. dg.
Tetany - dif. dg.
Constipation - dif. dg.
Tall stature - dif. dg.
Microcephaly and macrocephaly - dif. dg.
Cyanosis - dif. dg.
Recurrent respiratory tract infections - dif. dg.
Diarrhea - dif. dg.