BIO 340
“Surprisingly-Similar-to-the-Final-Exam Review Type Questions”
1) In the graph below, the efficiency of the predator is:
Predator
Density
Prey Density
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
low
moderate
high
very high, leading to the extinction of the prey
very low, leading to the extinction of the predator
2) For the graph above, the predator-prey population dynamics would best be
approximated as:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
damped oscillations of predator and prey populations
stable oscillations of predator and prey populations
increasing oscillations of predator and prey populations
convergent oscillations of predator and prey populations
divergent oscillations of predator and prey populations
3) What type of functional response is identified in this figure.
Number
Prey
killed
per
predator
per unit
time
Prey Density
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV
Type A
4) Why does the curve, in the graph above, reach an asymptote or level off?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
the predator has difficulty finding more prey
the prey become elusive
the predator becomes satiated
the predator’s begin to compete
all of the above
5) Ecologist who described a model of an ecosystem as an energy-transforming machine:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Volterra
Elton
Lindeman
Lotka
Paine
6) Habitat fragmentation typically results in:
a) increased patch area
b) decreased patch isolation
c) increased edge habitat
d) increased dispersal rates
e) decreased population density
Additional Example Questions for the Final Exam
1. All are considered ecological spatial elements EXCEPT:
a. matrix
b. ecosystems
c. patches
d. corridors
2. T/F Fragmenting can take place in aquatic environments as well as terrestrial
environments. (true)
3. Brown headed cowbirds highly contribute to:
a. net primary production
b. nutrient cycling
c. nest parasitism
d. extreme predation
4. Choosing sites that look good to organisms at a certain time to live, but eventually
become traps for predation is part of the:
a. Ecological Trap Hypothesis
b. Ecological Predation Hypothesis
c. Wrong Decision Hypothesis
d. Ecological Accountability Hypothesis
5. T/F Higher-order effects is the process of which fragmentation leads to a change
in a species’ abundance or distribution. (false)
6. About what percent of energy is efficient between trophic levels?
a. 3%
b. 10%
c. 25%
d. 50%
7. Which statement is true dealing with energy?
a. Herbivores and carnivores expend more energy on maintenance than
plants.
b. Plants use about 95% of light energy assimilated for maintenance.
c. Lower trophic levels have higher energy levels than the levels above it.
d. Energy is put into the ecosystems via metabolism.
8. T/F Assimilation efficiency increases are higher trophic levels. (true)
9. The scientist that came up with the Energy Flux Model popularizing ecology to a
new generation is:
a. Lindeman
b. Odum
c. Lotka
d. Elton
e. Volterra
10. Bacteria are an example of what type of trophic structure?
a. decomposers
b. autotrophs
c. secondary consumers
d. two of the above
e. none of the above