JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
STEGANOGRAPHY USING LSB ALGORITHM AND RGB
DECOMPOSITION
Ms.E.Suneetha1,
Smt. D.Swetha2,
Ms.E.Sumalatha3,
Ms.P.Sridevi4 &
Ms.Sk.Rajeena Sulthana5
Asst.Professor,
Asst.Professor,
Ist yr M.Tech(CSP) ,
Dept.of ECE
Dept. of ECE
Dept. of ECE
4/4 ECE
BWEC,
Bapatla Engineering College
Bapatla Engineering College
BWEC
Bapatla,Guntur
Bapatla, Guntur
Bapatla, Guntur
Bapatla,Guntur
emmela.suneetha@gmail.com swethachand7@gmail.com latha.emmela@gmail.com sridevi.pulamala@gmail.com
shaikrajeena33@gmail.com
ABSTRACT: The rapid development of data transfer through internet made it easier to send the data more
accurately and faster to the destination. One of the most important factors of information technology and
communication is the security of the information. Steganography is mostly preferred to the security in the
communication systems, which is the art and science of invisible communication. This paper deals with image
steganography using Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm. Steganography is the method through which the
existence of a message is kept secret. This is accomplished through embedding a media file such as image, text,
sound, video etc., in the information to be transferred and hence hiding the existence of the information to be
communicated. This paper gives a brief idea about image steganography that makes use of Least Significant Bit
(LSB) algorithm. The proposed method is simple, fast, robust to attack and improves the image quality.
Keywords: Encryption, Decryption, LSB, Carrier
Information security is the protection of the image
image,
and the systems or hardware that is used to store and
Stego-image,
Steganography,
RGB
decomposition.
transmit the images.
I: INTRODUCTION
Steganography is the art and science of invisible
efficient method through which the existence of the
communication. This can be achieved by hiding the
information into the original information. The word
steganography is derived from the greek words
“stegos” meaning “cover” and “graphia” which
means “writing”. In most of the image processing
applications,
steganography is used to hide the
information in the images.
message
can
be
Stegnography is the most
kept
secret.
This
can
be
accomplished through hiding the information in
another image, video or audio file [1][2]. .Hence the
existing information is hidden secretly. Stegangraphy
supports different types of digital formats that are
used for hiding the data. These files are known as
carrier files. To achieve a high performance approach,
both embedding ratio and image quality are
considered as important issues. This paper presents
the high-performance on achieving security. The
steganography system scenario is shown in figure.1
II: CONVENTIONAL METHODS
In
the
image-processing
applications,
the
conventional methods that are most frequently used
are cryptography, watermarking and steganography
using Least- Significant Bit (LSB) Algorithm.
Cryptography is the method in which encryption and
Fig.1:
Basic
Steganography
System
Scenario
decryption are performed based on the secret key,
which is known only to the sender and receiver. The
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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
original information is embedded by following some
2(b) represents the encryption and decryption
encoding process in which the data is re-inserted
processes in cryptography. This paper describes the
based on certain procedure. In order to decode the
steganography algorithm that is most suitable for
message at the receiver, the reverse process is
business and in commercial applications.
followed which is done at the encoding process. The
III: PROPOSED METHOD
LSB hiding technique hides the secret image
difference between steganography and cryptography
directly in the least two significant bits in the image
is that
pixels. Therefore, it affects the image resolution to
reduce the image quality and make the image easy to
attack[2]. Therefore a new technique that is able to
make the secret message more secure and enhance
the quality of the image is proposed. The proposed
method hides the secret message based on searching
about the identical values between the secret image
and the image pixels by decomposing the original
image into red, blue and green pixel values. The
figure.3 illustrates hiding of the two least-significant
Fig.2 (a) Encryption Process
bits:
HIDING ALGORITHM
Begin
Scan the original image and encode it in the binary
format.
Encode the secret image to be embedded in the
binary format.
Ensure that the secret image size is less than that of
the original image size.
Fig.2 (b) Decryption Process
Iteration: 1
Cryptography is preferred to keep the contents of the
Choose the pixel of the original image in a sequential
message secretly whereas steganography is the
order.
method which keeps the existence of the message
Now divide the original image into three parts (Red,
secret. These two methods protect information from
Green and Blue).
the unwanted parties and security attacks. The other
Hide two-by-two bits of the secret message in each
technology that is closely related to these methods is
part of the pixel value by searching the identical bits.
digital water-marking, in which an image is
If the identical bits are satisfied then set the image
embedded into the original image such that it helps in
with new values.
signifying the ownership for the purpose of copyright
Otherwise hide the bits in the two least-significant
protection[5]. Water-marking technique enables the
bits.
intellectual property of the owner to identify the
Save the hiding location in the image
customers who break their licensing agreement by
end
supplying the property to third parties. Fig.2(a) and
Set the image with the new values and save
End
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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
The images Fig.5(a) and Fig. 5(b) shows the carrier
image and the secret image. Fig.6 represents the
stego-image which is obtained after hiding by using
the RGB and Least-Significant Bit method.
Fig.3 Hiding by using least significant method
Carrier messages such as image, audio, video, text
etc., can be used as the carrier file based on the
present technologies. The image file is the most
popular method used for the steg-analysis. The
images are mainly divided into three types. They are:

Binary (Black-White)

Gray-scale

Red-Green-Blue Image.
Fig.5(a) Original Image (cover image)
Fig.4: Steganography using RGB Decomposition
The image has one-bit value per pixel and is
represented by 0 and 1 for black and white pixels
respectively. The gray-scale has 8-bits value per pixel
and is represented as 00000000 for black and
11111111 for white pixels. The RGB image has 24-
Fig. 5(b) Secret image
IV: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
bit values per pixel. The representation for black and
The proposed method is the proved to be most
white pixels is given by (00000000,00000000 and
efficient method than the conventional methods.
00000000) and (11111111, 11111111 and 11111111)
Since, RGB decomposition method is followed along
respectively. The RGB method is the mot significant
with the least- significant bit method in the hiding of
and is proved to be efficient as it contains a lot of
the secret image in the original image, therexists no
information
secret
loss in the image quality as well as the image
information with a bit change in the Image resolution
perceptibility. Also, the changes in bits is made only
[3]. It improves the image quality and makes the
with respect to the non-identical bits, the image
message more secure. This paper uses the RGB
resolution is not affected.
image as the carrier and the least- Significant Bits
The main intention of this paper work is to develop a
(LSB) to hide the secret message. The Fig.4
steganographic application which provides good
represents the RGB decomposition and hiding
security when compared to the other conventional
method.
methods. Also, this method protects the message
that
helps
in
hiding
the
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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Kaufmann.Boshop.M,2005.Introduction to computer
security. Is ted. Pearson publications.
Fig.6Stego-image
from the stego-attacks. It is not possible to change the
information by the unauthorized persons as the secret
image is embedded into the original by using the
RGB decomposition and the least-significant method,
where there is no chance of knowing the secret image
[5].
V: FUTURE SCOPE
The proposed method is more efficient in
the
image
processing
applications.
The
only
disadvantage of this method is that the compression
mainly depends on the carrier image size. Work has
to be contributed to improve the compression ratio
and the image resolution also should not be lost. The
work made can be extended by performing the other
bit-plane slicing methods inorder to reduce the
complexity and to increase the efficiency during the
transmission.
REFRENCES
1.
N Ghoshal,J K Mandal-A steganographic
scheme for color image authentication ,Recent
Trends in Information Technology ICRTIT 2011
International Conference
2.
N.Johnson, Digital Water-marking and
Steganography: Fundamentals and techniques, The
Computer Journal (2009).
3.
Chan,C.K Cheng, L.M,2004, Hiding data in
images by simple LSB substitution, Pattern
recoginition Vol.37, Pergarmon.
4.
Amirthanjan.R,Akhila.R,Deepika
Chowdavarapu, 2010. A comparative analysis of
image steganography, International Journal of
Computer
Application
pp.210,Bandyopadhyay,S.K,2010.
5.
Bloom,J.A et al.,2008.
Digital watermarking and steganography. 2nd ed. Morgan
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