Spis treści/Table of Contents
FASCICLE A
MEDITERRANEAN AND NON-EUROPEAN
ACRHAEOLOGY
ABBREVIATIONS OF PERIODICALS, SERIES AND BOOKS
Piotr Jaworski
CYRENAICAN COINAGE FROM THE BEGINNING OF ROMAN RULE. NEW EVIDENCE
FROM PTOLEMAIS
Kazimierz Lewartowski
MYCENAEAN OBJECTS FROM THE NATIONAL MUSEUM IN WARSAW
Jerzy Miziołek
“IN THE PURE TASTE OF TRAJAN’S CENTURY”: PRELIMINARY
OBSERVATIONS ON PLINY THE YOUNGER’S LAURENTINA AS
IMAGINED BY COUNT STANISŁAW KOSTKA POTOCKI
Iwona Modrzewska-Pianetti
ALCUNI PROBLEMI DI RITROVAMENTI DI ANFORE TARDOANTICHE
NELLA LAGUNA DI VENEZIA
SELECTED PROBLEMS OF FINDINGS THE LATE ANCIENTS AMPHORA’S IN THE AREA
OF THE VENETIAN LAGOON (SUMMARY)
Iwona Modrzewska-Pianetti
TESTIMONIANZE TOPOGRAFICHE ED ARCHEOLOGICHE DEI CONTATTI
FRALA LAGUNA DI VENEZIA ED ALTINUM
DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE OF TOPOGRAPHIC AND ARCHEOLOGICAL CONTACT
LAGOON OF VENICE AND ALTINUM (SUMMARY)
Maciej Tarkowski, Mikołaj Baliszewski
FROM THE ENLIGHTENMENT TO THE DIGITAL SUNLIGHT SYSTEM.
REALISTIC VISUALIZATION OF COUNT POTOCKI’S LAURENTINE VILLA.
PROGRESS OF THE WORKS
EXCAVATIONS REPORTS
Татьяна Арсеньева, Томаш Шолль, Беатa Балюкевич, Светланa
Науменко, Мартин Матерa
ОТЧЕТ ОБ ИТОГАХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В 2004 ГОДУ В ТАНАИСE
Tat’jana Arsen’eva , Tomasz Scholl, Beata Balukiewicz, Svetlana Naumenko, Marcin Matera
REPORT ON THE FIELDWORK CAMPAIGN 2004 AT TANAIS (SUMMARY)
Татьяна Арсеньева, Томаш Шолль, Мартин Матера, Светланa Науменко,
Шымон Островски
ОТЧЕТ ОБ ИТОГАХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В 2005 ГОДУ В ТАНАИСЕ
Tat’jana Arsen’eva, Tomasz Scholl, Marcin Matera, Svetlana Naumenko, Szymon Ostrowski
REPORT ON THE FIELDWORK CAMPAIGN 2005 AT TANAIS (SUMARY)
Tomasz Mikocki , K. Chmielewski, P. Jaworski, W. Małkowski, K. Misiewicz,
M. Muszyńska-Mikocka, P. Sobczyński, J. Żelazowski
PTOLEMAIS IN LIBYA. EXCAVATIONS CONDUCTED BY THE MISSION OF
THE INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY, WARSAW UNIVERSITY IN 2004 AND
2005. REPORT ON TWO SEASONS OF EXCAVATIONS
Ewdoksia Papuci-Władyka, Evgenia Fiedorovna Redina, Jarosław Bodzek,
Wojciech Machowski
KOSHARY – SEASON 2004
Agnieszka Tomas
MUNICIPIUM NOVENSIUM? REPORT ON THE FIELD SURVEY AT OSTRITE
MOGILI, VELIKO TURNOVO DISTRICT
PLATES
STRESZCZENIA/SUMMARIES
Piotr Jaworski
Cyrenaican coinage from the beginning of Roman rule.
New evidence from Ptolemais
Warsaw University Institute of Archaeology excavations at the so-called Villa with a View in
Ptolemais, have contributed significantly to knowledge of town history and development.
Numismatics is one field in which substantial verification as well as new evidence has been collected.
Current finds by the Polish mission, have helped to re-think Cyrenaican coinage in both the Hellenistic
and Roman periods, especially with regard to local issues from the beginning of Imperial rule, which
are presented in the article.
***
Kazimierz Lewartowski
Mycenaean objects from the National Museum in Warsaw
Among the collection of antiquities in the National Museum of Warsaw there is a group of
Mycenaean vases and a Mycenaean “phi” idol. There is also a small collection of Mycenaean sherds
belonging to the Museum Śląskie deposited in the National Museum. The aim of this paper is to
publish the sherds, the idol and to publish or re-publish the vases (some of them were published in
CVA but in inadequate way).
***
Jerzy Miziołek
“In the pure taste of Trajan’s century”:
Preliminary observations on Pliny the Younger’s Laurentina
as imagined by Count Stanisław Kostka Potocki
Stanislas Kostka Potocki is known outside of Poland mainly thanks to a life-sized equestrian
portrait of him in the Palace at Wilanow, painted by Jacques-Louis David in 1780-1781. However,
among his several achievements, at least two are of great international importance: his Lettre d’un
étranger sur le Salon de 1787 and, more notably, his paper reconstruction of Pliny the Younger’s villa,
which once stood on the seashore at Laurentum. The reconstruction, based on Pliny’s famous letter to
Gallus, resulted in thirty-six large drawings (57.7 x 89.5 cm), executed in Rome in the years 1777-78
under the Count’s guidance by a group of artists. Among them were Giuseppe Manoccchi (died 1782),
Vincenzo Brenna (1747-1820) and probably Franciszek Smuglewicz (1745-1807). Most of them are of
great beauty and provide the most extensive reconstruction of the famous villa ever produced. They
depict: 1) the plan of the villa with all four elevations and the garden; 2) the decoration of the most
important rooms, such as the triclinium, the bath and the unctorium; 3) the criptoporticus with its
heliocaminus and two small pavilions; and 4) one more pavilion, adorned with several statues of
emperors and Pompeian-like decoration. In connection with this set of drawings, the Count produced,
while subsequently in Rome (ca. 1796), a twenty-four page manuscript titled Notes et Idées sur la
Ville de Pline, which was intended to serve as an accompanying commentary, which has never
published.
The drawings have already been investigated to some extent by the late Stanislas Lorentz, and
in more depth by Pierre de la Ruffinière du Prey (1994), although they have never been studied
systematically. The main scope of this paper is to make Potocki’s paper reconstruction of the
Laurentina more accessible to the international community of scholars. While De la Ruffinière du
Prey has already analyzed the architectural forms of the Laurentina as viewed by Potocki, the problem
of the villa’s decoration with paintings, sculptures, mosaics and opus sectile has only now begun to be
systematically studied. Brenna and Smuglewicz, whose earlier elegant works were published, among
others, in Lodovico Mirri’s Vestiglia delle Terme di Tito e loro interne pitture (1776), were instructed
by Count Potocki to adorn the aforementioned plates with scenes and motifs borrowed from numerous
sources: publications of excavations at Rome, Pompeii Stabiae and Herculaneum, as well Piranesi’s
etchings and decorations produced in the circle of Raphael for the Vatican Logge.
My research on Potocki’s reconstruction of the Laurentina is a work in progress. I started it at
University of Warsaw, and I have made substantial progress on it during my three-month fellowship at
the Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles in 2006. For the time being I have examined Potocki’s
project in the context of other previous attempts at reconstructing Pliny’s villa undertaken by, among
others, Scamozzi, Félibien, Castell and Marquez; and prelininairy investigated Potocki’s unpublished
Notes et Idées sur la Ville de Pline, which, thanks to the Getty Research Institute, were translated into
English for the purposes of my research. I have also researched the sources of the inspiration for the
drawings depicting both figural and decorative compositions. The most important results of my
research are to be found in this paper.
***
Iwona Modrzewska-Pianetti
Selected problems of findings the late ancients amphora’s
in the area of the Venetian Lagoon
Amphora’s are the best material prove of the trade relations in the ancient world. The finds in
the ground and underwater are researches at least for three hundred years, what let us to retrace the
picture of ancient trade. Is also showing the Venetian Lagoon area, where amphora’s were distributed
through Lagoon to ancient Patavium – today’s Padwa. Article is showing the material documents from
The Late Antique, which through area of the Venetian Lagoon were delivered through course of the
river to ancient port Patavium.
***
Iwona Modrzewska-Pianetti
Documentary evidence of topographic and archeological contact lagoon of Venice and Altinum
Researches on the history of Venetian Lagoon have a lot of aspects: geological, topographical,
archeological. Combining the results allows us to connect the areas of the Lagoon with territory of the
Upper Adriatic. The main role in progress of these contacts have the rivers of the Upper Adriatic.
Territory of the roman city Altinum had the great part because of the connect with the Adriatic See,
Luany from the river Sile, ancient Silis. Article is showing the most important aspects of material
discovers connected the Venetian Lagoon with the nearest roman cities, Altinum.
***
Maciej Tarkowski, Mikołaj Baliszewski
From the Enlightenment to the Digital Sunlight System.
Realistic visualization of Count Potocki’s Laurentine Villa. Progress of the works
Over the last years new technologies have opened up countless opportunities for the world of
science and building virtual (digital) worlds is one of most interesting among them. Methods
employed in archaeological popularization may also be successfully used in research on monuments of
a more complex character. Such an object is, undoubtedly, a drawing reconstruction of the Laurentine
Villa of Pliny the Younger made by at least three skilful artists in the 1870s, commissioned by
Stanisław K. Potocki and produced according to his instructions.
***
Tat’jana Arsen’eva, Tomasz Scholl, Marcin Matera
with the cooperation of Svetlana Naumenko and Szymon Ostrowski
Report on the fieldwork campaign 2005 at Tanais
In 2005 the archaeological work in excavation XXV was carried out by a Polish-Russian team
of the Archaeological Expedition Lower Don IA RAN, supervised by T. Arsen’eva. Further parts of a
defensive trench were cleaned up to virgin soil. As it turned out, the bottom of the trench has been dug
into rock on the north side. Above the hypothetical town entrance we uncovered the remains of a Goth
settlement. With the annex of geology.
***
Tat’jana Arsen’eva , Tomasz Scholl
with the cooperation of Beata Balukiewicz, Svetlana Naumenko
and Marcin Matera.
Report on the fieldwork campaign 2004 at Tanais
In 2004 the archaeological work in excavation XXV was carried out by a Polish-Russian team
of the Archaeological Expedition Lower Don IA RAN, supervised by T. Arsen’eva. Further parts of a
defensive trench, a bridge (including a burnt wooden platform and channel) were cleaned up to virgin
soil and work on the hypothetical town entrance were begun. With the annexes of bones and stamps.
***
Tomasz Mikocki (IA UW)
with the collaboration of K. Chmielewski (IA UW)
P. Jaworski (IA UW), W. Małkowski (IA UW), K. Misiewicz (IAiE PAN),
M. Muszyńska-Mikocka (IA UW), P. Sobczyński, J. Żelazowski (IA UW)
Ptolemais in Libya. Excavations conducted by the Mission of the Institute of
Archaeology, Warsaw University in 2004 and 2005. Report on two seasons of excavations
The present article is a report on two seasons of excavations conducted by archaeologists of
the Warsaw University, under the terms of the “License for Archaeological Excavations” issued on
22.07.2001.
The 2004 and 2005 year missions were a continuation of excavations conducted in December
2001, April-May 2002 and October 2003. Works were carried out in four different spheres: 1.
archaeological excavations; 2. conservation works; 3. geodetic measurements within the walls of the
city; 4. geophysical investigations of one of the city’s insulas (only in 2005).
***
Ewdoksia Papuci-Władyka
Evgenia Fiedorovna Redina
Jarosław Bodzek
Wojciech Machowski
Koshary – Season 2004
In 2004, a Polish-Ukrainian archaeological expedition organized jointly by the Institute of
Archaeology of Jagiellonian University and the Archaeological Museum of the Ukrainian National
Academy of Sciences in Odessa continued investigations of the Koshary site in Odessa district. The
seventh season of excavations was co-directed by E. Papuci-Władyka and E.F. Redina. As in previous
years, work continued in all the separate identified parts of the site: the settlement, open-air-altar (Rus.
zol’nik, Gr. eschara) and necropolis.
In the area of the settlement, trenches III, VI, VII and VIII continued to be explored. Based on
the expedition’s results, Koshary may be deemed a small town. The main part of the town, which
incorporated the architectural remains discovered in trenches III, IV (dug in 1998-2002) and VII
(traced in 2002), lay in the northeastern end of the promontory, on naturally high ground, probably
defended by a wall on the west (in trench III) and a rampart running in a NE-SW line (in trench VII).
Outside this part, we are probably dealing with a “suburb” consisting of individual farms, such as the
one investigated in trench VI. The features excavated in trench VIII may have also belonged to the
“suburbs”, but until the work is completed in this area the conclusions can be considered as
preliminary at best. Trench VII proved particularly interesting - an unusual pit was discovered and
only partly excavated due to its size: 3 m in diameter and 3,80 m in depth. Of the features explored in
trench VIII, an exceptionally well preserved hearth for drying grain (?) was the most distinctive
element.
The zol’ni has been investigated only in its central part so far. The open-air altar takes on the
form of an oval mound (ca. 20 by 30 m, preserved maximum height of ca. 2.5 m) formed of layers of
ashes from the offerings made over a long period of time. Previously dug trenches were now
completed and new trenches were opened. Pits were found, including one containing a terracotta
figurine presumably representing one of the Fates.
In the necropolis situated a few hundred meters to the north of the settlement, an area of ca.
600 m² was explored revealing a surprisingly small number of structures compared to previous years.
Most of the 14 tombs discovered appear to have been plundered already in Antiquity. One of the
chamber tombs (249) proved interesting because of its unusual form. It is the first funerary structure at
Koshary to have a stepped dromos leading to the burial chamber. The six irregular steps of the
dromos, measuring some 3 m in length, were cut in a layer of virgin loess. The body of the dead
woman buried in this tomb was not laid out flat, as in previously investigated burials, but was placed
in a seated position.
***
Agnieszka Tomas
Municipium Novensium? Report on the field survey at Ostrite Mogili,
Veliko Turnovo district
The article presents field surveys made at the site Ostrite Mogili, 2 km east from Novae,
Moesia inferior (present northern Bulgaria). Materials registered during two surveys in 1979 and 2000,
as also the localization of the site, indicate, that the settlement was probably a vicus situated beyond
the area controlled by the military camp. During the two field surveys materials visible on the surface
(building materials, pottery, other finds) were registered within the area of over 10 ha. On this basis
several maps of dispersed materials were drawn. This allowed to reconstruct hypothetical
infrastructure of the site. The results of surveys brought the author to the conclusion, that the site
existing from the 1st century A.D. could have been destroyed seriously about the half of the 3rd
century A.D. In Late Roman and Early Byzantine period the workshops could have been placed there.