Advanced Anatomy & Physiology
First Semester Final
Study Guide
FINAL: January 22nd and 23rd
For this final you may NOT use your book on the test ONLY your notes taken in
class and this study guide! The test will consist of matching, multiple choice and
true/false questions – a total of 50 questions. (Given Jan. 22nd)
There will also be a labeling portion consisting of 25 structures from both the
respiratory and special senses systems. This portion of the exam is NOT OPEN
NOTE. (Given Jan. 23rd)
* Completed study guides may be turned in for extra credit but must be given to
Mrs. Backstrom with your finished written final.
Cardiovascular system:
- On the diagram attached be able to identify the major anatomical
regions of the heart
- Understand the anatomy of the blood vessels and how the vascular
system works.
- Know the difference between arteries and veins and how they
function
- How can venous return be enhanced
- Know the major arteries of systemic circulation and their functions
- Know the major veins of systemic circulation and their function
- Understand how arterial blood supply is transported to the brain and
what arteries/veins are involved
- Define: circle of Willis
- Define: Hepatic Portal Circulation
- Understand fetal circulation and the development of the circulatory
system in a fetus.
- Know each of the vital signs used to determine circulatory system
efficiency, describe what each means
- Define blood pressure and how it is effected by different factors
- Define the four various variations in blood pressure
- Understand the capillary exchange of blood through the circulatory
system to the tissues of the body, know the different routes of moving
the substance through the plasma membrane
- Define: congenital heart defects, varicose veins, thrombophlebitis,
pulmonary embolism, coronary artery disease
Labeling:
- Atrium
- Ventricles
- Pulmonary arteries
- Pulmonary veins
- Aorta
- Superior vena cava
- Inferior vena cava
- SA Node
- AV Node
- AV Bundle
- Pulmonary trunk
- Base
- Apex
Respiratory System:
- List the organs of the respiratory system
- What are the three main functions of the respiratory system (as a
whole)
- Describe the function of the nose in respiration and list the anatomical
properties of the nasal passage
- Define the infections that may occur in the nasal cavity
- Describe the function of the Pharynx in respiration and list its
anatomical properties
- Describe the function of the Larynx in respiration and list its anatomical
properties
- Describe the function of the trachea in respiration and lists its
anatomical properties
- Describe the function of the lungs and list its anatomical properties
- Understand the respiratory zone and what organs are located within it
- Define the respiratory membrane
- Define: respiration, pulmonary ventilation, external respiration,
respiratory gas transport, internal respiration
- Understand the mechanics of breathing and what it involves
- Understand and define the respiratory volumes and capacities (ex:
tidal volume)
- Define: bronchiole sounds, vesicular breathing, abnormal sounds
- Understand and define external respiration, gas transport and internal
respiration
- Describe how respiration may be controlled and what factors
influence its rate and depth
- Describe the chemical factors which may change respiration
- Define chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease
- Define: chronic bronchitis, emphysema, Lung cancer
- Describe the different types of lung cancer and know which is the most
dominant
- Describe the developmental aspects of the respiratory system and
how it develops from the fetus through old age
- Define: cystic fibrosis, Sudden infant death syndrome, infant respiratory
distress syndrome & asthma
Labeling:
- Nasal Cavity
- Conchae
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Paranasal sinuses
- Vocal folds
- Tonsils
- Epiglottis
- Alveoli
- Bronchioles
- Esophagus
- Parietal Pleura
- Visceral pleura
- Lungs
- Primary/Secondary Bronchii