Spring 2013 Biology
Final Exam Review Guide
Ms. Garcia
What do I need to get on the final?
Quarter 2 and 3 = 80%
Final Exam = 20%
A= Current Grade
B= Percent You Want for Semester
X= Percent Needed on Final
(.20)X + (.80)A = B
Ex: If my current grade is a 78%, what do I need to get on the exam to have a final grade of 80%?
A=78 B=80
(0.2)X + (0.8)78 = 80
X= 88%
*************There will be 100 multiple choice questions on the final exam*****************
************* Number in (parenthesis) = approximate number of question on topic*************
Meiosis (12)

Do somatic cells undergo meiosis

Anaphase of mitosis and meiosis I

Crossing over (phase of meioses and importance)

Random Fertilization (importance)

Independent Assortment (importance)

Nuclear divisions in mitosis vs meiosis

# chromosomes in human diploid and haploid cells

Automsomes

Recognize karyotypes (female, male, trisomy, super male, monosomy)
Genetics (14)

How do you represent a recessive and dominant allele with letters

Example of an allele
 Who is the “father” of genetics?

Phenotype vs Genotype

Homozygous vs Heterozygous

Sex-Linked punnett Squares (X w Y x X w X

Single allele punnett squares (Aa x AA)

Double allele punnett squares (AaBB X AAbb)

Pedigrees
Evolution (14)

Define adaptation

How does natural selection drive evolution?

Why does natural selection need variation?

Vestigial Structures

Homologous Structures
 “Are We Still Evolving”? –Why is the rate of evolution in developing countries different than the rate of evolution in the western world? What is the connection between Hemochromatosis and
Alzheimers?
 What does the “Evolutionary Arms race” refer to?
 Why is this statement a misconception: Evolution gives organisms what they need”

Problems with inbreeding and species survival

Classification (5)

Order which the 6 kingdoms appeared

Largest (most diverse) division

Correct format to write the scientific name for humans

Read a cladogram
Archaebacteria Kingdom (2)

What environment can halophiles be found in?
Bacteria Kingdom (8)

Structure of bacteria (cell wall, membrane, etc)

Nucleus?

Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
Protista Kingdom (9)

Where can they be found?

Main characteristics

Recognize: paramecium, spirogyra, euglena, amoeba, and diatoms.
Fungi Kingdom (11)

Alexander Flemming (what is he credited for)

Can they be parasites?

How do fungi get their energy?

Hyphae

Economical importance

Structures of a mushroom
Plantae Kingdom (13)

Angiosperms vs Gymnosperms (which came first?)


Structures of a plant cells (cuticle, xylem, stoma, epidermis, palisade, etc)
What are flowers used for?

Monocots and Dicots

Structure of a flower (anther, pistol, etc)

Photosynthesis Equation
Animalia Kingdom (9)

Symmetry

Ventral, Dorsal, Posterior, Anterior

Dissected regions of fetal pig
Ecology (13)

Why do smaller populations have a higher extinction rate?

Be able to read a population pyramid

Determine changes that will occur in a population pyramid over a series of years

Recognize general pyramid shape of wealth and poor countries

3 things that must be taken into account when studying populations

Population density

Abiotic vs Biotic

Density Independent Factors vs Density Dependent Factors

Carrying Capacity

Differentiate between graphs representing: predators/prey,
 k-strategists, and r-strategists

Spring 2013 Biology
MODIFID: Final Exam Review Guide
Ms. Garcia
What do I need to get on the final?
Quarter 2 and 3 = 80%
Final Exam = 20%
A= Current Grade
B= Percent You Want for Semester
X= Percent Needed on Final
(.20)X + (.80)A = B
Ex: If my current grade is a 78%, what do I need to get on the exam to have a final grade of 80%?
A=78 B=80
(0.2)X + (0.8)78 = 80
X= 88%
*************There will be 65 multiple choice questions on the final exam*****************
************* Number in (parenthesis) = approximate number of question on topic*************
Meiosis (8)

Anaphase of mitosis and meiosis I

Crossing over (phase of meioses and importance)

Random Fertilization (importance)

Independent Assortment (importance)

Nuclear divisions in mitosis vs meiosis

# chromosomes in human diploid and haploid cells

Automsomes

Recognize karyotypes (female, male, trisomy, super male, monosomy)
Genetics (7)

Phenotype vs Genotype

Homozygous vs Heterozygous

Sex-Linked punnett Squares (X w Y x X w

Single allele punnett squares (Aa x AA)

Pedigrees
X
Evolution (12)

How does natural selection drive evolution?

Why does natural selection need variation?

Vestigial Structures

“Are We Still Evolving”? –Why is the rate of evolution in developing countries different than the rate of evolution in the western world? What is the connection between Hemochromatosis and
Alzheimers?
 What does the “Evolutionary Arms race” refer to?

Why is this statement a misconception: Evolution gives organisms what they need”

Problems with inbreeding and species survival
Classification (3)

Largest (most diverse) division

Correct format to write the scientific name for humans

Read a cladogram

Archaebacteria Kingdom (1)

What environment can halophiles be found in?
Bacteria Kingdom (1)

Structure of bacteria (cell wall, membrane, etc)

Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
Protista Kingdom (5)

Where can they be found?

Recognize: paramecium, spirogyra, euglena, amoeba, and diatoms.
Fungi Kingdom (4)

Alexander Flemming (what is he credited for)

Hyphae

Structures of a mushroom
Plantae Kingdom (8)

Structures of a plant cells (cuticle, xylem, stoma, epidermis, palisade, etc)

What are flowers used for?

Monocots and Dicots

Structure of a flower (anther, pistol, etc)

Photosynthesis Equation
Animalia Kingdom (6)

Symmetry

Ventral, Dorsal, Posterior, Anterior

Dissected regions of fetal pig
Ecology (10)

Be able to read a population pyramid

Determine changes that will occur in a population pyramid over a series of years

Recognize general pyramid shape of wealth and poor countries

3 things that must be taken into account when studying populations

Abiotic vs Biotic

Carrying Capacity

Differentiate between graphs representing: predators/prey, k-strategists, and r-strategists