英语词汇学第十章补充练习
I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one
that would best complete the sentence.
1. The dominant sense of the word ________ for English-speaking people is a book which
presents in alphabetical order the words of English, with information as to their spelling,
pronunciation, meaning, usage, etc.
A. glossary
B. dictionary
C. reference
D. encyclopedia
2. The first real English dictionaries dealt with________.
A. difficult words only
B. easy words only
C. both difficult and easy words
D. easy words and part of difficult words
3. The first complete English dictionary was ________.
A. Table Alphabetical of Hard Words
B. An English Expositor
C. The English Dictionary
D. A Universal Etymological Dictionary of the English Language
4. Both ________ and ________ are the English bilingual dictionaries which are translated into
Chinese but with the English definitions retained.
A. ECD; NECD
C. LDCE; OALD
B. ECD; CED
D. LDCE; NECD
5. ________ dictionaries aim at defining words and explaining their usages in the language.
A. Bilingual
B. Linguistic
C. Monolingual
D. Encyclopedic
6. A(n) ________ dictionary is the most complete description of words, which provides a great
quantity of basic information about a word.
A. linguistic
B. encyclopedic
C. unabridged
D. bilingual
7. The best-known unabridged dictionaries include ________.
A. The Concise Oxford Dictionary and Collins New English Dictionary
B. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English and Collins COBUILD English
Dictionary
C. The New Oxford Dictionary of English and Webster's New World Dictionary
D. The Oxford English Dictionary and Webster's Third New International Dictionary
8. ________ dictionaries are medium-sized ones containing words ranging from 50
000 to 150 000.
A. Unabridged
B. Desk
C. Pocket
D. Electronic
9. ________ is the most popular American desk dictionary, which keeps the tradition
of encyclopedic character, contains extremely rich supplementary matter and adds
words of dispute for the first time.
A. An American Dictionary of the English Language
B. Webster's Third New International Dictionary
C. Webster's New World Dictionary
D. Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary
10. Longman Language Activator—The World's First Production Dictionary is a dictionary
of________.
A. usages
B. idioms
C. synonyms
D. slang
11. It is advisable for the post intermediate and advanced learners to use more of a
________ dictionary.
A. monolingual
B. bilingual
C. general
D. specialized
12. If one can not find out the word "obtestate" in Oxford Advanced Learner's EnglishChinese Dictionary, he/she may consult an ________ dictionary.
A. unabridged
B. encyclopedic
C. etymological
D. early
13. ________ is the first American dictionary of the English language which is comparable
with Samuel Johnson's A Dictionary of the English Language.
A. A School Dictionary
B. An American Dictionary of the English Language
C. A Dictionary of American English on Historical Principles
D. Webster's New International Dictionary
14. With regard to pronunciation, British dictionaries generally employ _____ while
American ones use________.
A. broad International Phonetic Alphabet; Webster's system
B. narrow International Phonetic Alphabet; Webster's system
C. broad/narrow International Phonetic Alphabet; Webster's system
D. Webster's system; broad/narrow International Phonetic Alphabet
15. Which of the following areas do "irregular verbs", "word-building elements" and
"family names" belong to?
A. Grammatical information.
B. Usage notes and language notes.
C. Etymological information.
D. Supplementary matter.
16. The definitions in OALD are written in ________ while those in CCED are in
_______.
A. single words or phrases; full sentences
B. phrasal explanations; full sentences
C. full sentences; single words or phrases
D. full sentences; phrasal explanations
17. LDCE is notable for its controlled ______ words used to define words and
illustrate usages.
A. 1 500
B. 2 000
C. 2 500
D. 3 000
18. Which of the following popular desk dictionaries cover both American and British
English with special emphasis on new words?
A. OALD
B. LDCE
C. CCED
D. COD
19. In________, there is an extra column arranged alongside the definition of each headword,
where we can find part of speech, verb patterns, usage instructions, synonyms and
so on.
A. OALD
C. CCED
B. LDCE
D. COD
20. In Longman Language Activator, words or expressions with similar meaning are
classified into different categories of a meaning menu according to ________.
A.meaning and usage level
B. meaning and style
C. meaning and part of speech D. meaning and coloring
II. Complete the following statements with appropriate terms according to the course
book.
1. ________ are compiled for general use — to look for spelling, pronunciation, meaning,
usage, etc.. They can be monolingual or bilingual.
2. ________concentrate exclusively on a particular area of language or knowledge, treating
such diverse topics as etymology, synonyms, usages in language, and special subjects like
architecture, engineering and literature.
3. ________are written in one language, that is, words and expressions are defined and
illustrated in the same language.
4. ________ involve two languages. The headwords are defined in the same language with
translations, or rather the entries are defined in another language or given their foreign
equivalents.
5. ________are the most complete description of words available to us. They are large in scope
and size, containing at least 200 000 headwords.
6. ________ are medium-sized ones containing words ranging from 50 000 to 150 000. And
they are most used on desk.
7. ________ contain about 50 000 entries or fewer. They are easy to carry and inexpensive, but
they provide only the most common words and their meanings.
8. ________ aim at defining words and explaining their usages in the language. They usually
cover information about spelling, pronunciation, meaning, usage, etc.
9. ________belong to specialized dictionaries. They describe the origins, the date of entry and
the changes that have taken place in the words.
10. ________are a kind of specialized dictionaries. They deal with disputed usages, clarify
difficult grammatical points, and call attention to the language points which often give rise
to errors.
III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
( ) 1. Dictionary is closely related to lexicology because they both deal with the form,
meaning, usage and origins of vocabulary units.
( ) 2. In the Anglo-Saxon period, difficult Latin words and definitions were often
collected into lists called glossaries for the sake of research.
( ) 3. The Oxford English Dictionary is suitable for scholars and linguists while
Oxford Advanced Learner's English-Chinese Dictionary serves as a pedagogical
dictionary.
( ) 4. Since encyclopedia does not touch upon the language per se, it can not be called
a dictionary.
( ) 5. Both British pedagogical and American college dictionaries belong to desk
dictionaries.
( ) 6. Webster's New World Dictionary is of direct Webster descent and marks all
Americanisms with complete meanings and definitions.
( ) 7. Since pocket dictionaries often have scanty or even inaccurate definitions, they
are not suitable for people to check spelling, or the meaning of an occasional
word from reading.
( ) 8. Although an electronic dictionary is much more convenient to use than a
traditional paper dictionary, it has a lot of limitations in its contents.
( ) 9. Habitual use of a bilingual dictionary is rather a quick way of enlarging the
target language vocabulary.
( ) 10. Both denotations and connotations are given in most bilingual Dictionaries.
( ) 11. In monolingual dictionaries, high-frequency function words are usually given
appropriate treatment.
( ) 12. For advanced learners, the use of bilingual dictionaries is discouraged and
forbidden.
( ) 13. General dictionaries contain almost all kinds of language information, but each
kind of them is comparatively limited.
( ) 14. American dictionaries contain more encyclopedic information while British
ones embrace more grammatical information.
( ) 15. For the most part, one can find British-specific vocabulary in an American
dictionary and vice versa.
( ) 16. Dictionaries are the products of the ages. As long as a new dictionary is
compiled in time, it can keep up with the time.
( ) 17. Generally speaking, dictionaries tend to arrange the literal uses of a headword before
figurative, general uses before special, common uses before rare, and easily
understandable uses before difficult.
( ) 18. The vast majority of contemporary medium-sized dictionaries give context to illustrate
the meaning and usage of a headword.
( ) 19. In CCED, the more black diamonds there are, the higher the frequency.
( ) 20. Longman Language Activator is designed to help non-native learners to expand their
vocabulary and to produce appropriate English by consulting new words and
grasping their meanings.