Soft Condensed Matter: Where Physics Meets Chemistry and Biology Prof. An-Chang Shi Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University Canada Soft condensed matter refers to materials that are condensed yet also compliant. Typically soft materials include polymers, colloids, liquid crystals, and biological materials such as lipid membranes and biomolecular assemblies. The softness is one of the reasons why these materials are extremely attractive for many applications, such as liquid crystal displays, in modern technology. Another intriguing property of soft materials is their ability to self-assemble into complex organized structures. Traditionally, soft matter is a research area populated by chemists and biologists, emphasizing the synthesis and characterization of these materials. Since middle 70’s, many physicists, such as Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, turned their attentions to this important area of research, bringing with them the insights from physics. The infusion of physics ideas into soft matter research has led to many progresses. At the same time, many new physical concepts and ideas emerge from soft condensed matter. After a brief survey of soft condensed matter and its physical properties, I will present some of our recent studies in this fascinating research area. CURRICULUM VITAE NAME: An-Chang Shi ADDRESS: Home: 55 Chartwell Road Oakville, Ontario L6J 3Z3, (905) 469-9567 Business: Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University, ABB426 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1 (905) 525-9140 ext. 24060; (905) 521-2773 (fax) PERSONAL DATA: Date of Birth: Country of Birth: Citizenship: December 11, 1959 China Canadian EDUCATION: B.S. Physics M.S. Physics 1982 1984 Fudan University, Shanghai, China University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Ph.D. Physics 1988 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign CURRENT STATUS at MCMASTER: Professor, Department of Physics and Astronomy Member, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS: Canadian Association of Physicists American Physical Society American Chemical Society EMPLOYMENT HISTORY: Professor 2004 Associate Professor 1999-2004 Research Staff 1992-1999 Research Associate 1991-1992 Post-Doctoral Fellow 1988-1990 Research Assistant 1984-1988 Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University Xerox Research Centre of Canada Institute for Materials Research (McMaster Univ.) Institute for Materials Research (McMaster Univ.) Physics, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign SCHOLARLY AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES: Referee of professional journals: Macromolecules, Journal of Chemical Physics, Physical Review Letters, Physical Review B and E, Polymer, Macromolecular Theory and Simulations, Journal of American Chemical Society, Biophysics Journal, Journal of Physical Chemistry, Nano Letters Reviewer of grant proposals: Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian Foundation of Innovation, US National Science Foundation, National Science Foundation of China Editorial Board Member: Macromolecular Theory & Simulations Visiting Professorships: Changjiang Guest Professor, Fudan University Guest Professor, Peking University Guest Professor, Nankai University AREAS OF INTEREST: Statistical mechanics of structures and phase transitions in complex soft matter systems including polymers, colloids, liquid crystals, surfactant solutions, and biopolymers. Kinetic of order-to-order phase transitions. Nucleation and spinodal decomposition of ordered phases. Statistical mechanics of electrolytes and polyelectrolytes. Molecular theory of lipid membranes. Mechanics of cells. HONOURS: CUSPEA Fellow, 1982; ranked top 10 in China NSERC Industrial Fellow, 1992-1994 Premier's Research Excellence Awards, 2000 T.D. Lee Lecturer, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2004 W. F. James Professor of Pure and Applied Sciences, St. Frances Xavier University, 2006 PUBLICATIONS: Book Chapters Self-consistent field theory of block copolymers, Invited Book Chapter in Developments in Block Copolymer Science and Technology, Editor I. Hamley, John Wiley & Son. 2004. Peer Reviewed Journal Articles 1. I. Nakamura and A.-C. Shi, Study of entropy-driven self-assembly of rigid macromolecules, Phys. Rev. E, 80, 021112 (2009). 2. T. Suo, D. Yan, S. Yang and A.-C. Shi, A theoretical study of phase behavior of diblock copolymers in selective solvents, Macromolecules, 42, 6791-6798 (2009). 3. Y. Xu, W. Li, F. Qiu, Y. Yang and A.-C. Shi, Self-assembly of ABC star triblock copolymers under a cylindrical confinement, J. Phys. Chem. B 113, 11153-11159 (2009). 4. W. Song, P. Tang, H. Zhang, Y. Yang and A.-C. Shi, A new numerical implementation of self-consistent field theory for semiflexible polymers, Macromolecules 42, 6300-6309 (2009). 5. J. Zhou and A.-C. Shi, Microphase separation induced by differential interactions in diblock copolymer/homopolymer blends, J. Chem. Phys. 130, 234904 (2009). 6. W. Kong, B. Li, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Helical vesicles, segmented semivesicles and noncircular bilayer sheets from solution-state self-assembly of ABC miktoarm star terpolymers, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 8305-8512 (2009). 7. L. Zhang, P. Wang and A.-C. Shi, Spherical/gyroid phase diagram of diblock copolymers in median selective solvent, Science in China G, 52, 518-523 (2009). 8. I. Nakamura, A.-C. Shi, R. Nutiu, J. M. Y. Yu ad Y. Li, Kinetics of signaling-DNA-aptamerATP binding, Phys. Rev. E 79, 031906 (2009). 9. X. Wang, F. Tao, G. Xue, J. Zhu, T. Chen, P. Sun, H. Winter and A.-C. Shi, Enhanced exfoliation of organoclay in partially end-functionalized non-polar polymer, Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 294, 190-195 (2009). 10. R. Wang, W. Li, Y. Luo, B.-G. Li, A.-C. Shi and S. Zhu, Phase behavior of ternary homopolymer/gradient copolymer blends, Macromolecules 42, 2275-2285 (2009). 11. W. Li and A.-C. Shi, Theory of hierarchical lamellar structures from A(BC)nBA multiblock copolymers, Macromolecules 42, 811-819 (2009). 12. A.-C. Shi, Phases and phase transitions of block copolymers, Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, 175, 64-70 (2008). 13. A. B. Croll, M. W. Matsen, A.-C. Shi and K. Dalnoki-Veress, Kinetics of layer hopping in a diblock copolymer lamellar phase, Eur. Phys. J. E 27, 407-412 (2008). 14. P. Chen, H. Liang and A.-C. Shi, Microstructures of a cylinder-forming diblock copolymer under spherical confinement, Macromolecules 41, 8938-8943 (2008). 15. A. B. Croll, A.-C. Shi, K. Danolki-Veress and M. W. Matsen, Block copolymer lamella: Simple experiments and complex physics, Physics in Canada, 64, 126-128 (2008). 16. D. Zhou, A.-C. Shi and P. Zhang, Numerical simulation of phase separation coupled with crystallization, J. Chem. Phys. 129, 154901 (2008). 17. Y. Yin, R. Jiang, B. Li, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Self-assembly of grafted Y-shaped ABC triblock copolymers in solutions, J. Chem. Phys. 129, 154903 (2008). 18. Z. Guo, G. Zhang, F. Qiu, H. Zhang, Y. Yang and A.-C. Shi, Discovering ordered phases of block copolymers: New results from a generic Fourier-space approach, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 028301 (2008). 19. X. Man, S. Yang, D. Yan and A.-C. Shi, Adsorption and depletion of polyelectrolytes in charged cylindrical system within self-consistent field theory, Macromolecules 41, 54515456 (2008). 20. R. Jiang, Q. Jin, B. Li, D. Ding, R. A. Wickham and A.-C. Shi, Phase behavior of gradient copolymers, Macromolecules 41, 5457-5465 (2008). 21. B. Yu, Q. Jin, D. Ding, B. Li and A.-C. Shi, Confinement-induced morphologies of cylinderforming asymmetric diblock copolymers, Macromolecules 41, 4042-4054 (2008). 22. Z. Wang, B. Li, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Simulated annealing study of self-assembly of symmetric ABA triblock copolymers confined in cylindrical nanopores, Macromolecular Theory and Simulations 17, 86-102 (2008). 23. H. Tan, Q. Song, S. Yang, D. Yan and A.-C. Shi, Confinement effect on the body-centeredcubic phase of diblock copolymers in film, Macromolecular Theory and Simulations 17, 4551 (2008). 24. B. Yu, B. Li, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Self-assembly of symmetric diblock copolymers confined in spherical nanopores, Macromolecules, 40, 9133-9142 (2007). 25. B. Yu, P. Sun, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding, B. Li and A.-C. Shi, Self-assembly of diblock copolymers confined in cylindrical nanopores, J. Chem. Phys. 127, 114906 (2007). 26. P. Chen, H. Liang and A.-C. Shi, origin of microstructures from confined asymmetric diblock copolymers, Macromolecules 40, 7326-7335 (2007). 27. S. Yang, H. Tan, D. Yan, E. Nies and A.-C. Shi, Effect of polydispersity on the depletion interaction in nonadsorbing polymer solutions, Phys. Rev. E75, 061803 (2007). 28. B. Li, L. Xu, Q. Wu, T. Chen, P. Sun, Q. Jin, D. Ding, X. Wang, G. Xue and A.-C. Shi, Various types of hydrogen bonds, their temperature dependence and water-polymer interaction in hydrated poly(Acrylic Acid) as revealed by 1H solid-state NMR spectroscopy, Macromolecules 40, 5776-5786 (2007). 29. W. Hou, J. Zhou, Z. Gan, A.-C. Shi, C. Chan and L Li, The crystallization morphology and melting behavior of polymer crystals in nano-sized domains, Polymer 48, 4926-4931 (2007). 30. B. Miao, D. Yan, R. A. Wickham and A.-C. Shi, The nature of phase transitions of symmetric diblock copolymer melts under confinement, Polymer 48, 4278-4287 (2007). 31. Y. Yin, P. Sun, B. Li, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, A simulated annealing study of diblock copolymer brushes in selective solvents, Macromolecules 40, 5161-5170 (2007). 32. B. Yu, P. Sun, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding, B. Li and A.-C. Shi, Self-assembled morphologies of block copolymers confined in nanochannels: Effects of confinement geometry, J. Chem. Phys., 126, 204903 (2007). 33. D. Zhu, Y. Liu, E. Chen, M. Li, C. Chen, Y. Sun, A.-C. Shi, R. M. Horn and S. Z. D. Cheng, Crystal growth mechanism changes in pseudo-dewetted poly(ethylene oxide) thin layers, Macromolecules 40, 1570-1578 (2007). 34. J. Wang, Q. Xiao, H. Zhou, P. Sun, Z. Yuan, B. Li, D. Ding, A.-C. Shi and T. Chen, Budded, mesoporous silica hollow spheres: Hierarchical structure controlled by kinetic self-assembly, Advanced Materials 18, 3284-3288 (2006). 35. C. Yan, H. Li, J. Zhang, Y. Ozaki, D. Shen, D. Yan, A.-C. Shi and S. Yan, Surface-induced anisotropic chain ordering of polycarprolactone on oriented polyethylene substrate: Epitaxy and soft epitaxy, Macromolecules, 39, 8041-8048 (2006). 36. S. Yang, D. Yan, H. Tan and A.-C. Shi, Depletion interaction between two colloidal particles in nonadsorbing polymer solution, Phys. Rev. E, 74, 041808 (2006). 37. D. M. Cooke and A.-C. Shi, Effects of polydispersity on phase behavior of diblock copolymers, Macromolecules, 39, 6661-6671 (2006). 38. X. Wang, Y. Cao, K. Mao, G. Xue, T. Chen, J. Zhu, B. Li, P. Sun, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Unusual rheological behaviour of liquid polybutadiene rubber/clay nanocomposites gels: The role of polymer-clay interaction, clay exfoliation, and clay orientation and disorientation, Macromolecules, 39, 6653-6660 (2006). 39. D. Zhu, Y. Liu, A.-C. Shi and E. Chen, Morphology evolution in superheated crystal monolayer of low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) on mica surface, Polymer, 47, 5239-5242 (2006). 40. R. Jiang, Q. Jin, Baohui Li, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Phase Diagram of Poly(ethylene oxide) and Poly(propylene oxide) Triblock Copolymers in Aqueous Solutions, Macromolecules, 39, 5891-5896 (2006). 41. S. Yang, D. Yan and A.-C. Shi, Structure of adsorbed polymers on a colloid particle, Macromolecules, 39, 4168-4174 (2006). 42. Y. Yin, P. Sun, R. Jiang, B. Li, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Simulated annealing study of asymmetric diblock copolymer thin films, J. Chem. Phys., 124, 184708 (2006). 43. B. Yu, P. Sun, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding, B. Li and A.-C. Shi, Confinement induced novel morphologies of block copolymers, Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 138306 (2006). 44. B. Miao, D. Yan, C. C. Han and A.-C. Shi, Effects of confinement on the order-disorder transition of diblock copolymer melts, J. Chem. Phys., 124, 144902 (2006). 45. J. X. Zheng, H. Xiong, W. Y. Chen, K. Lee, R. M. Van Horn, R. P. Quirk, B. Lotz, E. L. Thomas, A.-C. Shi and S. Z. D. Cheng, Macromolecules 39, 641-650 (2006). 46. Y. Jiang, X.Y. Yan, H.J. Liang and A.-C. Shi, Effect of polydispersity on the phase diagrams of linear ABC triblock copolymers in two-dimension, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 21047-21055 (2005). 47. P. Sun, Y. Yin, B. Li, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Simulated annealing study of the formation of gyroid structure in diblock copolymer solutions, Phys. Rev. E, 72 061408 (2005). 48. B. Yu, B. Li, P. Sun, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Cylinder-gyroid-lamella transitions in diblock copolymer solutions: A simulated annealing study, J. Chem. Phys. 123, 234902 (2005). 49. Y. Jiang, T. Chen, F.W. Ye, H.J. Liang and A.-C. Shi, Effect of polydispersity on the formation of vesicles from amphiphilic diblock copolymers, Macromolecules, 38, 67106717 (2005). 50. P. Sun, Q. Dang, B. Li, T. Chen, Y. Wang, H. Ling, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Mobility, miscibility, and microdomain structure in nanostructured thermoset blends of epoxy resin and amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers characterized by solid-state NMR, Macromolecules, 38, 56545667 (2005). 51. P. Sun, Y. Yin, B. Li, T. Chen, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Simulated annealing study of morphological transitions of diblock copolymers in solution, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 204905 (2005). 52. T. Chen, J. Zhu, B. Li, S. Guo. Z. Yuan, P. Sun, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Exfoliation of organo-clay in telechelic liquid polybutadiene rubber, Macromolecules, 38, 4030-4033 (2005). 53. H. Tan, D. Yan and A.-C. Shi, Surface effect on the body-center cubic phase of diblock copolymers, Macromolecules, 37, 9646-9653 (2005). 54. X. Ma, Y. Xia, E-Q Chen, Y-L Mi, X. Wang and A.-C. Shi, Formation of multi-scale patterns in drying micelle solutions, Langmuir 20, 9520-9525 (2004). 55. P. Sun, J. Zhu, T. Chen, A. Yuan, B. Li, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Rubber/exfoliatedclay nanocomposite gel: Direct exfoliation of montmorillonite by telechelic liquid rubber, Chinese Science Bulletin 49, 1664-1666 (2004). 56. K. M. Jaffer, R. A. Wickham and A.-C. Shi, The noncentrosymmetric lamellar phase in ABCD tetrablock copolymers, Macromolecules 37, 7042-7050 (2004). 57. Y. Yin, P. Sun, T. Chen, B. Li, Q. Jin, D. Ding and A.-C. Shi, Simulated Annealing Study of diblock copolymer thin films confined between two homogeneous surfaces, ChemPhysChem 5, 540-548 (2004). 58. R. A. Wickham, A.-C. Shi and Z-G. Wang, Nucleation of stable cylinders from a metastable lamellar phase in a diblock copolymer melt, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 10293-10305 (2003). 59. A.-C. Shi, Anisotropic Gaussian fluctuations in self-assembled block copolymer phases, Physics in Canada 59, 111-120 (2003). (Invited review). 60. H. Guo, R. Tao and A.-C. Shi, Phase separation of ferrofluids in applied field, International Journal of Modern Physics B17, 213-216 (2003). 61. R. A. Wickham and A.-C. Shi, Non-centrosymmetric lamellar phase in blends of ABC triblock and ac diblock copolymers, Macromolecules, 34, 6487-6494 (2001). 62. M. Saban, G. Liebermann, A. Jay, A.-C. Shi, N. Ro, W. Dale, P. Forgione, Piloting of anionic polymerization of styrene in tetrahydrofuran, Can. J. Chem. Eng. 78, 320-329 (2000). 63. A.-C. Shi, Nature of anisotropic fluctuations in ordered systems, J. Phys. Condensed Matter 11, 10183-10197 (1999). 64. C. Yeung and A.-C. Shi, Formation of interface in incompatible polymer blends: A dynamic mean field study: Macromolecule 32, 3637-3642 (1999). 65. A.-C. Shi, M. K. Georges and H. K. Mahabadi, Kinetics of controlled ‘living’ free radical polymerization: 1. Ideal case, Polymer Reaction Engineering 7, 283-300 (1999). 66. C. D. Eisenbach, J. Hoffman, A. Goldel, J. Noolandi and A.-C. Shi, Miscibility of rigid-rod and random-coil macromolecules through acid-base interactions, Macromolecules 32, 14631470 (1999). 67. A.-C. Shi and J. Noolandi, Theory of inhomogeneous weakly charged polyelectrolytes, Macrol. Theory and Simul. 8, 214-229 (1999). 68. J. Noolandi and A.-C. Shi, Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers, Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science 3, 436-439 (1998). 69. A.-C. Shi and J. Noolandi, Nature of anisotropic fluctuation modes in ordered polymeric phases, Polymer 39, 4649-4654 (1998). 70. M. Laradji, R. C. Desai, A.-C. Shi, and J. Noolandi, Reply to Comment on ‘‘Stability of ordered phases in weakly segregated diblock copolymer systems’’, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 202 (1998). 71. D. Yamaguchi, T. Hashimoto, C. D. Han, D. M. Baek, J. K. Kim, and A.-C. Shi, Orderdisorder transition, microdomain structure and phase behavior in binary mixtures of low molecular weight polystyrene-block-polyisoprene copolymers, Macromolecules 30, 58325842 (1997). 72. M. Laradji, A.-C. Shi, J. Noolandi, and R. C. Desai, Stability of ordered phases in diblock copolymer melts, Macromolecules 30, 3242-3255 (1997). 73. M. Laradji, A.-C. Shi, R. C. Desai, and J. Noolandi, Stability of ordered phases in weakly segregated diblock copolymer systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2577-2580 (1997). 74. A.-C. Shi, J. Noolandi, and R. C. Desai, Theory of anisotropic fluctuations in ordered block copolymer phases, Macromolecules 29, 6487-6504 (1996). 75. E. K. Lin, A. P. Gast, A.-C. Shi, J. Noolandi, and S. D. Smith, Effect of short diblock copolymers at internal interfaces of large diblock copolymer mesophases, Macromolecules 29, 5920-5925 (1996). 76. J. Noolandi, A.-C. Shi, and P. Linse, Theory of phase behavior of poly(oxyethylene)poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene) triblock copolymers in aqueous solutions, Macromolecules 29, 5907-5919 (1996). 77. J. Noolandi and A.-C. Shi, Metal-polymer “superglue” for dirty polymer surfaces, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 17, 471-473 (1996). 78. C. Yeung, A.-C. Shi, J. Noolandi, and R. C. Desai, Anisotropic fluctuations in ordered copolymer phases,, Macromol. Theory and Simul. 5, 291-298 (1996). 79. A.-C. Shi and J. Noolandi, Theoretical studies of diblock copolymer mixtures, in Short and Long Chains at Interfaces, Ed. J. Daillant et al., EDITIONS FRONTIERES, 265-270 (1995). 80. A.-C. Shi and J. Noolandi, Binary mixtures of diblock copolymers: Phase diagrams with a new twist, Macromolecules 28, 3103-3109 (1995). 81. J. Noolandi and A.-C. Shi, On reinforcement of polymer interfaces with random copolymers: An example of interfacial self-stitching? Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2836-2836 (1995). 82. A.-C. Shi and J. Noolandi, Effects of short diblocks at interfaces of strongly segregated long diblocks, Macromolecules 27, 2936-2944 (1994). 83. C. Yeung, R. C. Desai, A.-C. Shi, and J. Noolandi, Lower critical solution temperature in diblock copolymer melts, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 1834-1837 (1994). 84. A.-C. Shi, J. Noolandi, and H. Hoffmann, Diblock copolymer blends as mixtures of surfactants and cosurfactants,, Macromolecules 27, 6661-6664 (1994). 85. J. Noolandi, R. Forsyth, and A.-C. Shi, Sequencing using pulsed field and image reconstruction, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 10101-10104 (1993). 86. J. Noolandi, R. Forsyth, C. Turmel, and A.-C. Shi, Sequencing using pulsed field and image reconstruction,, SPIE Proceeding 1981, 2-7 (1993). 87. A. J. Berlinsky, C. Kallin, G. Rose, and A.-C. Shi, Two-fluid interpretation of the conductivity of clean BCS superconductors, Phys. Rev. B48, 4074-4079 (1993). 88. T. W. Krause, T. R. Chien, A.-C. Shi, and W. R. Datars, Anisotropic thermally activated flux flow and flux flow in Bi2CSr2CaCu2Oy crystals, Physica C 224, 13-19 (1994). 89. T.W. Krause, A.-C. Shi, and W. R. Datars, Thermally activated motion of two-dimensional vortices in Bi2CSr2CaCu2Oy crystals, Physica C 205, 99-104 (1993). 90. A.-C. Shi and M. Wortis, Relaxations of surface atoms in NaCl: Influence on the equilibrium crystal shape, Phys. Rev. B47, 9804-9815 (1993). 91. F. Zuo, A.-C. Shi, A. J. Berlinsky, H. Duan, and A. M. Hermann, Quantum tunneling of vortices in single crystal Tl2CaBa2Cu2O8 superconductors, J. Low Temp. Phys. 97, 393-401 (1994). 92. A.-C. Shi and A. J. Berlinsky, Grain formation, collective string-like motion, and onset of diffusion in disordered two-dimensional crystals, Phys. Rev. B47, 652-656 (1993). 93. A.-C. Shi and A. J. Berlinsky, Pinning and I-V characteristics of a two-dimensional defective flux line lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 1926-1929 (1991). 94. J. N. Reimers, A. J. Berlinsky, and A.-C. Shi, A mean field approach to magnetic ordering in highly frustrated Pyrochlores, Phys. Rev. B43, 865-878 (1991). 95. Y. J. M. Brechet, B. Doucot, H. J. Jensen, and A.-C. Shi, Elastic properties of a twodimensional lattice in a weak random pinning potential: Origin of the pinning force, Phys. Rev. B42, 2116-2124 (1990). 96. H. J. Jensen, A. Brass, A.-C. Shi, and A. J. Berlinsky, Simulations of the onset of diffusion in a flux-line lattice in a random potential, Phys. Rev. B41 , 6394-6398 (1990). 97. A.-C. Shi and R. I. Masel, The effects of gas adsorption on particle shapes in supported platinum catalysts, J. Catalysis, 120, 421-431 (1989). 98. A.-C. Shi, K. K. Fung, J. F. Welch, M. Wortis, and R. I. Masel, Perspective on the use of gas adsorption for particle-shape control in supported metal catalysis, Mat. Res. Symp. Proc. 111, 59-63 (1988). 99. A.-C. Shi and M. Wortis, Equilibrium shape of NaCl crystals: A first-principles calculation, Phys. Rev. B37, 7793-7805 (1988). 100.A.-C. Shi, Effects of adsorption on equilibrium crystal shape: A zero-temperature calculation, Phys. Rev. B36, 9068-9081 (1987). 101.A.-C. Shi, C. Rottman, and Yu He, Calculation of energy of low-angle grain boundaries, Phil. Mag. A55, 499-511 (1987). 102.R. Su, A.-C. Shi, and J. Wu, On the time evolution of coherent states, Acta Optica Sinica, 3, 391-394 (in Chinese); see also Chinese Physics, 3, 1082 (1983). Invited talks “Theoretical study of phases and phase transitions of block copolymers” 2nd Symposium on applied chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, September 23-25, 2008, Changchun China “Discovering ordered phases of block copolymers” International Symposium on Polymer Physics, PP’2008, June 8-12, 2008, Xiamen, China “Discovering ordered phases of block copolymers: A new reciprocal-space method” 5th East-Asian Polymer Conference, June 3-6, 2008, Shanghai, China “Phases and phase transitions of block copolymers” International Symposium on Non-Equilibrium Soft Matter, June 2-5, 2008, Kyoto, Japan “Discovering ordered phases of block copolymers: A new reciprocal-space method” BICMR workshop on “Multiscale modeling of complex fluids”, Thematic Program on Multiscale Modeling of Complex Fluids, May 26-20, 2008, Beijing, China “Phases and phase transitions of block copolymers” 2008 SIAM Conference on Mathematical Aspects of Materials Science, May 10-14, 2008, Philadelphia, USA “Phases and phase transitions of block copolymers” BICMR workshop on “Structure Formation and Evolution in Soft Matter/Complex Fluid Systems”, Thematic Program on Multiscale Modeling of Complex Fluids, December 3-7, 2007, Beijing, China “Confined self-assembly of block copolymers” International Discussion Meeting on “Molecular and Structural Basis of Functional Systems”, September 26-28, 2007, Mainz, Germany “Confined self-assembly of block copolymers” CSCAMM Workshop on “Multiscale Modeling and Simulation of Complex Fluids”, April 13-19, 2007, College Park, Maryland “Confined self-assembly of block copolymers” 2007 APS March Meeting, March 5-9, 2007, Denver, Colorado “Nanostructures from confined self-assembly of block copolymers” 233rd ACS National Meeting, March 25-29, 2007, Chicago, Illinois “Confined self-assembly of block copolymers” The 4th world-wide Chinese Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Conference, 2006 Kunming, China “Phases, phase transitions and self-assembly in block copolymers” BIRS workshop on “Interfacial Dynamics in Complex Fluids”, 2006, Banff, Alberta, Canada “Confined self-assembly of block copolymers” PP’2006 Suzhou International Symposium on Polymer Physics, 2006, Suzhou, China “Towards a thermodynamic theory of polymer crystals” China-France Bilateral Workshop on Polymer Crystallization, 2006, Nanjing, China “Self-assembly of block copolymers” 2006 International Conference on Applied Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Research-Nankai “Confined self-assembly of block copolymers” Workshop on Multiscale Modeling of Complex Fluids, Peking University, 2006, Beijing, China “Self-consistent field theory of block copolymers” 2005 National Conference on Polymer Science, Beijing, China “Statistical Mechanics of Block Copolymers” CCAST Workshop on Soft Condensed Matter Physics, 2005, Beijing, China “Spinodal decomposition and nucleation of order-order transitions in block copolymers” PP’2004 Dali International Symposium on Polymer Physics, 2004, Dali, China “Self-assembly of Block Copolymers” The first International Conference on Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Modeling and Life Sciences, 2003, Beijing, China “Physics of Block Copolymers” 11th International Conference on Discrete Simulation of Fluid Dynamics and Soft Condensed Matter, 2002, Shanghai, China “Theory of self-assembly in blends of block copolymers” Pacifichem 2000, The International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies, 2000, Honolulu “Theory of self-assembly in blends of block copolymers” PP'2000 Huangshan International Symposium on Polymer Physics, 2000, Huangshan, China “Phases and Phase Transitions in Diblock Copolymer Micellar Solutions” Canadian Association of Physicists 1999 Congress, Fredericton “Theory of Anisotropic Fluctuations in Ordered Polymeric Systems”, 6th Pacific Polymer Conference, 1999, Guangzhou, China “Nature of Anisotropic Fluctuation Modes in Ordered Systems”, CECAM (European Centre for Atomic and molecular Computations) Workshop on “Effective Interactions and Phase Transitions in Colloidal Suspensions”, 1999, Lyon, France “Kinetics of Stable Free radical Polymerization”, 82nd Canadian Society for Chemistry Conference, 1999, Toronto “Nature of Anisotropic Fluctuation Modes in Ordered Polymeric Systems”, Canadian Association of Physicists 1998 Congress, Waterloo “Stability of Ordered Phases in Diblock Copolymer Melts”, Materials Research Society 1997 Spring Meeting, San Francisco Conference Talks: Discovering ordered phases of block copolymers: A new Fourier-space approach Feng Qiu, An-Chang Shi, Zuojun Guo, Hongdong Zhang and Yuliang Yang, APS March Meeting 2008 Scaling of diblock copolymer lamella near the order-disorder transition Andrew B. Croll, An-Chang Shi and Kari Dalnoki-Veress, APS March Meeting 2008 Depletion interaction and effect of polydispersity in non-adsorbing polymer solutions Dadong Yan, Shuang Yang, Charles C. Han and An-Chang Shi, APS March Meeting 2008 Entropy-driven self-assembly of dimmers Issei Nakamura and An-Chang Shi, APS March Meeting 2008 Hierarchical structures of a multiblock copolymer melt Weihua Li and An-Chang Shi, APS March Meeting 2007 Adsorption of polymers on colloidal particles Dadong Yan, Shuang Yang, Charles C. Han and An-Chang Shi, APS March Meeting 2007 Tethered polymer chains on single crystal surfaces Ryan Van Horn, Joseph X. Zheng, Huiming Xiong, Roderic P. Quirk, Bernard Lotz, Edwin L. Thomas, An-Chang Shi and Stephen Z. D. Cheng, APS March Meeting 2007 Growth mechanism changes in pseudo-dewetted monolayer poly(ethylene oxide) crystallization Dun-Shen Zhu, Er-Qiang Chen, An-Chang Shi and Stephen Cheng, APS March Meeting 2006 Tethered Polymer Interactions with Attractive Surface Potentials Ryan Van Horn, Joseph X. Zheng, Huiming Xiong, William Y. Chen, Kyungmin Lee, Roderic P. Quirk, Bernard Lotz, Edwin L. Thomas, An-Chang Shi and Stephen Z.D. Cheng, APS March Meeting 2006 Kinetic Modeling of Designed Signaling DNA Aptamers Issei Nakamura, Razvan Nutiu, Jasmine Yu, Yingfu Li and An-Chang Shi, APS March Meeting 2006 Effects of confinement on the order-disorder transition in diblock copolymer melts and crystallization Dadong Yan, Bing Miao, Charles C. Han and An-Chang Shi, APS March Meeting 2006 Confinement induced novel morphologies of block copolymers An-Chang Shi, Bin Yu and Baohui Li, APS March Meeting 2006 Free Energy Functional for Bend-core Liquid-Crystal Molecules Rui Zhang and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2005 Surface Tension Driven Laser Lithography of Thin Polymer Films John M. Hudson, Michael V. Massa, Kari Dalnoki-Veress, John S. Preston and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2005 Solvent Effect on the Melting of Biopolymers Lingyun Zhang and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2005 Diblock Copolymer Phase Transitions Induced by an Electric Field David M. Cooke and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2004 Self-Assembly of Hollow Micelles from Rod-Coil Block Copolymers An-Chang Shi and Lingyun Zhang, APS March meeting 2004 SCFT Study of Phases and Phase Transitions in Diblock Copolymer Solutions Lingyun Zhang and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2004 Effects of Confinement on the Order-Disorder Phase Transition in Diblock Copolymer Melts Dadong Yan, Bing Miao, Charles Han and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2004 Nucleation of stable cylinders from a metastable bcc-sphere phase in a diblock copolymer melt Robert Wickham and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2004 Elastic constants of ordered diblock copolymer phases David M. Cooke and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2003 Non-centrosymmetric lamellar phase in ABCD block copolymers Karim M. Jaffer, Robert A. Wickham, An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2002 Nucleation of cylinders from metastable lamellae in diblock copolymer melts Robert Wickham, An-Chang Shi, Zhen-Gang Wang (Caltech), APS March meeting 2002 Effect of Polydispersity on the Phase Behaviour of Diblock Copolymers David M. Cooke and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2001 Phase behaviour of blends of AB and AC diblock copolymers Robert Wickham and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting 2001 Dynamical mean field study of interdiffusion and reaction kinetics at polymer interfaces Chuck Yeung and An-Chang Shi, APS March meeting, 1999 Patents E. Peters. J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, P.B. Floyd, J.A. Small, G.J. Kovacs, M.H. Lean, A.R. Volkel, S.B. Bolte, A-C. Shi, F.J. Endicott, G.B. Anderson, D.A. Hayes, J.A. Kubby, W.B. Jackson, K.A. Moffat, T.B. McAneney, R.P.N. Veregin, M.N.V. McDougal, D.C. Boils and P.D. Szabo, Method of treating a substrate employing a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus, US 6,523,928, February 25, 2003 E. Peters. J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, P.B. Floyd, J.A. Small, G.J. Kovacs, M.H. Lean, A.R. Volkel, S.B. Bolte, A-C. Shi, F.J. Endicott, G.B. Anderson, D.A. Hayes, J.A. Kubby and W.B. Jackson, Ballistic Aerosol Marking Apparatus for Marking a Substrate, US 6,511,149, January 2003. E. Peters. J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, P.B. Floyd, J.A. Small, G.J. Kovacs, M.H. Lean, A.R. Volkel, S.B. Bolte, A-C. Shi, F.J. Endicott, G.B. Anderson, D.A. Hayes, J.A. Kubby and W.B. Jackson, Cartridge for Use in a Ballistic Aerosol Marking Apparatus, US 6,467,862, October 2002. E. Peters. J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, P.B. Floyd, J.A. Small, G.J. Kovacs, M.H. Lean, A.R. Volkel, S.B. Bolte, A-C. Shi, F.J. Endicott, G.B. Anderson, D.A. Hayes, J.A. Kubby, W.B. Jackson, A. A. Berlin and G.A. Neville Connell, Method of Marking with a Liquid Material Using a Ballistic Aerosol Marking Apparatus, US 6,454,384, September 2002. E. Peters. J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, P.B. Floyd, J.A. Small, G.J. Kovacs, M.H. Lean, A.R. Volkel, S.B. Bolte, A-C. Shi, F.J. Endicott, G.B. Anderson, D.A. Hayes, J.A. Kubby and W.B. Jackson, Method of Marking a Substrate Employing a Ballistic Aerosol Marking Apparatus, US 6,416,157, July 2002. J. Noolandi, A-C. Shi and T. B. McAneney, Kinetic Fusing of a Marking Material, US 6,416,156, July 2002. E. Peeters, J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, P.D. Floyd, J.A. Small, G.J. Kovacs, M.H. Lean, A.R. Volkel, S.B. Bolte, A-C. Shi, F.J. Endicott, G.B. Anderson, D.A. Hays, J.A. Kubby, W.B. Jackson, K.A. Moffat, T.B. McAneney, R.P.N. Veregin, M.N.V. McDougall, D.C. Boils and P.D. Szabo, Ballistic aerosol marking apparatus for treating a substrate, US 6,340,216, Jan. 22, 2002. E. Peeters, J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, P.D. Floyd, J.A. Small, G.J. Kovacs, M.H. Lean, A.R. Volkel, S.B. Bolte, A-C. Shi, F.J. Endicott, G.B. Anderson, D.A. Hays, J.A. Kubby, W.B. Jackson, A.A. Berlin and G.A.N. Connell, Ballistic Areosol Making Apparatus for Marking with a Liquid Material, US 6,328,409, Dec. 11, 2001. M.N.V. McDougall, R.P.N. Veregin, K.A. Moffat, A-C. Shi, D. C Boils, G.J. Kovacs, T.B. McAneney, M.H. Lean, J. Noolandi, R.B. Apte, S.B. Bolte, P.D. Floyd, D.A. Hays, J.A. Kubby, E. Peeters, A.R. Volkel, G.B. Anderson, F.J. Endicott, W.B. Jackson, J.A. Small, Ballistic aerosol marking apparatus, EP0990523, April 5, 2000.