Time and Seasons Review
Time Review
1. Look at the diagram below and determine the time of day at position B.
A
H
B
Sun’s Energy
NP
G
F
3:00pm
C
D
E
2. Look at the diagram below and determine the time of day at position H.
A
H
9:00pm
B
Sun’s Energy
NP
G
F
C
D
E
3. How many time zones are there between positions A and position D?
9 time zones (3 between each mark)
4. We live at 69 west longitude (round it to 75 W). Sri Lanka is 81 east longitude
(round it to 75 E). What is the time difference between us and people that live in
Sri Lanka?
10 hours (1 hour for each 15 longitude)
Seasons Review
5. What season is occurring when the sun is shining directly on 12 north latitude
and moving higher in latitude each day? Spring
6. When the sun is shining directly on 12 north latitude what is the range of
latitudes where no light shines? 78 S - 90 S latitude (90-12 = 78)
7. What causes seasons to change on earth? Tilt of the earth and Earth’s orbit.
8. Draw a diagram showing the position of the earth in relation to the sun on the
winter solstice AND summer solstice. Include tilt and relative distance.
Reference chart we made in class from your class notes....
9.
a. What range of latitudes (N and S) defines the tropics? 23.5N – 23.5S
b. What range of latitudes (N and S) defines the temperate region?
23.5N – 66.5 N and 23.5S – 66.5 S
c. What range of latitudes (N and S) defines the polar region?
66.5N - 90 N and 66.5S - 90 S
10. Explain why the tropics are always warm and the Polar Regions experience
periods of tremendous cold.
No periods of zero light so no cooling period. Light striking the tropics is
more direct and not angled so more intense.
11. On March 21st, which latitude, if any, has a longer day, 10˙S or 30˙N? EXPLAIN
why.
Neither, the same light on the equinox
12. If you live at 15˙N latitude, which day do you receive more hours of daylight, the
vernal equinox or the winter solstice? EXPLAIN why.
Vernal equinox. On the Winter solstice the sun is shining at 23.5S latitude and it
is the shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere. The equinox is longer.
13. Perihelion means when the earth is closest to the sun during its yearly orbit.
Aphelion means when the earth is farthest from the sun during its yearly orbit.
When the earth and sun are in perihelion, which latitude, if any, has a longer day,
10˙S or 30˙N? EXPLAIN why.
Perihelion occurs in Winter. 10 S has the longer day.
14. Consider a day in the year when the sun’s rays fall directly on 10˙S latitude. On
this day….
a. What is the latitude where complete darkness begins? In other words, the
most extreme latitude where light will shine?
80N (90-10=80)
b. What RANGE of latitudes (including N and S) would receive complete
light?
80S-90S
c. What RANGE of latitudes (including N and S) would receive complete
darkness?
80N-90N
d. What two months could this occur?
February or October
Three days later, the sun’s rays hit directly on 10.5˙S.
e. What one month must this be happening?
October
f. In Maine, is the day shorter or longer than it was three days ago?
Shorter
15. Explain why the southern hemisphere has winter when we in the northern
hemisphere have summer.
When we (Northern Hemisphere) are tilted towards and receiving lots of light
energy the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun and receiving much
less light energy.
16. What season are we (in Maine) experiencing when the Earth is in perihelion?
Winter
17. Explain why it is warm in the summer and cold in the winter in Maine.
Summer we have very long light days and the atmosphere can warm up. In the
Winter we have very short light days and the atmosphere cools. Also, the N.
Hemi has very little light energy with polar regions getting no light energy while
the S. Hemi gets much more light energy with the polar region getting 100%
energy for periods.
18. Explain why it is warm in summer and colder in winter in Canada.
Canada is nearer to the polar regions yet still in the temperate. They receive
ample summer light energy to warm them and the polar region receives LOTS of
light energy making Summer warm. In the Winter just the opposite.
19. Explain why Florida has very hot summers and warm winters.
Florida is nearer to the Tropics which receives direct and constant light all year
long. There are no cooling periods. As a result the Winters are warm and the
Summers hot because of the solar cycle. In Summer the direct light is nearer to
the latitude of Florida.
20. Maine is at 45˙ N latitude. This is exactly half way between the equator and north
pole. What do you think our location has on influencing our temperatures?
There is a constant battle between the polar region and the tropics. Weather can
change dramatically, especially in Winter. Frigid air from the North can win or
warm air from the South can take over. “ Just wait... the weather will change”
21. Where do cold air masses develop in the northern hemisphere?
North in the Polar regionds
22. Where do warm air masses develop in the northern hemisphere?
South in the tropic regions
23. How would this be different if you lived in the southern hemisphere?
The cold air masses develop in the Southern Polar regions and the warm air
masses develop in the warm, northern regions.
24. What are 3 new concepts about seasons that you have learned?
BONUS: Moon Rise
NP
25. What time of day would the moon rise during the quarter moon displayed above?
If we factor out an tilt to the earth....... the quarter or half moon would rise at
midnight.
26. What time of day would the moon set during the full moon?
The moon would be at the midnight position and would then set at 6am.
27. Why does the moon change its shape from our perspective here in earth?
The sun shines on half the moon all the time but our perspective on Earth does not
always see the same half. Our perspective changes as the moon orbits the Earth.