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Availability Of Teachers And Laboratory Facilities For Effective
Teaching and Learning Of Computer Science In Junior
Secondary School (A Case Study Of Enugu North LGA)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page-----------------------------------------------------------------------------i
Approval page-----------------------------------------------------------------------ii
Dedication---------------------------------------------------------------------------iii
Acknowledgement------------------------------------------------------------------iv
Abstract -----------------------------------------------------------------------------v
Table of content--------------------------------------------------------------------vi
List of table------------------------------------------------------------------------viii
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------------1
Background--------------------------------------------------------------------------1
Statement of the problem---------------------------------------------------------2
Purpose of the study---------------------------------------------------------------8
Significance of the study----------------------------------------------------------9
Research question----------------------------------------------------------------10
Scope of study---------------------------------------------------------------------10
CHAPTER TWO
Review of literature---------------------------------------------------------------11
The availability of teachers and laboratory facilities for computer---------11
Sources of supply of computer science laboratory facilities----------------13
The extent of utilization of computer science laboratory facilities---------15
Improvisation in science teaching----------------------------------------------17
Importance of laboratory to science teaching--------------------------------18
Summary---------------------------------------------------------------------------21
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CHAPTER THREE
Research methodology-----------------------------------------------------------22
Design of the study---------------------------------------------------------------22
Area of study-----------------------------------------------------------------------22
Population--------------------------------------------------------------------------22
Sample and sampling technique------------------------------------------------23
Instrument for data collection---------------------------------------------------23
Data collection technique--------------------------------------------------------24
Methods of data analysis --------------------------------------------------------24
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation and analysis of data----------------------------------------------26
CHAPTER FIVE
Discussion of findings ------------------------------------------------------------32
Findings-----------------------------------------------------------------------------35
Implication of the study----------------------------------------------------------36
Recommendation------------------------------------------------------------------37
Limitation of study----------------------------------------------------------------38
Suggestion for further research-------------------------------------------------39
Conclusion--------------------------------------------------------------------------40
Reference---------------------------------------------------------------------------41
Appendix----------------------------------------------------------------------------43
LIST OF TABLE
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Table 1------------------------------------------------------------------------------26
Table 2------------------------------------------------------------------------------28
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The aim of computer science education is to transmit data and
scientific knowledge. It also aims at building a new attitude that
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prepares the young to think for them selves to arrive at objective
conclusion and also to be able to face a fact changing world. If children
are exposed to science early, positive attitude to science at any level is
build upon primary and secondary science curriculum and teaching.
Therefore, there is need to arrest some enormous problems playing
science teaching and learning in our secondary schools today. These
problems however, have lead to the provision of science laboratory
equipment/facilities.
There is, therefore, the need for some structured activities that will
enable students acquire desirable knowledge and skills in science.
Proper (1959) suggested that knowledge in science computer science for
instance involved the following areas comprises:

Enquiring

Problem solving

Experimentation

Instrumentation
ENQUIRING:
Under this method, students are asked question on physically
observed phenomenon. It is better to present the question as general
problem and get the students to respond to the question. Using good
response from the students shows that actual teaching is done. For
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example, if the topic is on hardware, the teacher will ask the students to
show him/her those things we call hardware.
PROBLEMS SOLVING:
This is the ability to solve problem based on data. It deals with this
ability to analyze and interpreter data, ability to draw conclusion thereby
suggesting active report or an oral report, ability to perform experiment.
Also is the ability to observed and record correctly, to manipulate, and
comprehend the purpose of the experiment. It torches also on the ability
to plan/select procedure and to recognize limitations and source of
errors. Furthermore it is concern with knowledge that helps students to
control experiment; appreciate the need for care, economy of time and
materials.
EXPERIMENTATION:
This involves the ability to experiment and control experiment.
That is after the theoretical explanations are taken to the laboratory to
perform it experimentally.
What the teacher does is to go round and instruct the an how to
carryout the experiment accurately. When they become conversant with
the experiment, they can be left alone with the software and hardware
in computer.
INSTRUMENTATION:
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This is the ability to manipulate basic set up from the memory. It
also involves the ability to identify various pieces of equipment.
Computer sciences as a course of study is believed to be an abstract
subject and most computer teachers are accused of teaching the subject
abstract or theoretically must of the time. The teaching and learning of
computer science should involve there theoretical and practical aspect or
process. In order to this, the provides students with unique
opportunities to study abstract concept and generalization through the
medium of real material that are relevant to their learning situation(s).
Hence, make basic measurement with apparatus and get accurate
figures.
The teaching and learning of these major areas can be approached
from a theoretical frame-work or from an experimental approach. Both
ways complement each other to facilitate learning. It is in a test of the
letter that writers undertook to design implement and evaluate a
comparatively new laboratory method. In it, the teacher presents the
science concepts to the students and the students thereafter discuss
their procedures in groups, working with material given to them prior to
laboratory work. Through discussions, students thinking are oriented
towards specific problems for which they set out to find solution(s).
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The teaching and learning of computer science involves the three
domains of educational objectives namely:
 Cognitive
 Affective and
 Psychomoto
It has been observed that often times teachers of computer sciences
mostly emphasis cognitive domain at the expense of the other two
domains involves adequate exposition of students to practical activities
in computer science. For computer science to make sense to students,
teaching of science need to be done in a well equipped laboratory and
workshop capable of giving students adequate scientific experience with
practical and demonstration affords.
Therefore, laboratory experience provides creativity for the learner and
ability to plan ahead, design new problems, invent things and also
enables the learners to synthesize data. Without the laboratory
experience students can only their examination through memorization of
theoretical aspect of science and as such practical activities in computer
science.
This study focus on the availability of teaching and laboratory facilities
for effective teaching and learning of computer science in Junior
Secondary School in Enugu North Local Government Area.
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The Webster’s Dictionary (1992) define laboratory as a place
equip for experimental study in a science or for testing or analysis.
Broadly, a laboratory encompasses a site providing opportunity or
experimentation, observation or practice in a field of study. School
laboratory includes these places or area where practical study or
teachings are carried out to facility learning. Here the students practical
what they have learnt theoretically in the classroom. By doing,
knowledge is then registered permanently.
Demonstration in the laboratory has been described as effective
methods of learning because it involves several sense organs: seeing,
hearing, touching and smelling.
No doubt, it helps to concretize the understanding of certain
principles learnt theoretically.
Most people in the society are aware of the unemployment
problem prevailing in the society or country and the role proper
acquisition of skill could play in mankind graduates to be self employed.
Computer science has an impact on our lives in a great number of ways.
Therefore the study of computer science should never be separated
from the study of the real world around us. If one is literate in computer
science, one must be prepared to investigate, to observe, to carryout
experiments (practical) and then record his/her result.
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Boulind (1979) define practical lessons as aids which are used by
the teachers to help him/her communicate his/her ideas effectively. For
computer science to be effectively learnt, practical lessons are therefore
inevitable; in this view Gravernir (1986) notes that one of the major, if
not the most important function of an educational system in the
contemporary time, is to produce the prolong skilled manpower which a
nation needs to grow economically. For this to be effective, both the
teachers and students of computer science education need a good
human and material laboratory equipment. If the study of computer
science must achieve these roles in the nation’s development effort, the
first step is towards providing for skill acquisition. Hence, the role, a well
equipped computer science teachers plays in the teaching and learning
of computer cannot be over emphasized. Therefore, the extent to which
school laboratory facilities will contribute to effective skill acquisition in
secondary school will depend generally in how far the needed equipment
for imparting learning to students by doing and discovering inquiring
approaches are used in a variety of ways and situations.
Good teaching somehow depends upon the availability of
teachers and variety of laboratory equipment to support the theory. This
of course means that the computer science laboratory facilities must not
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only be in harmony with the goals also has a definite value for improving
the learning of specific topics.
Today in Enugu North, there appears to be little or no equipment
for the teaching of computer science in Junior Secondary School. If we
recall the important role which computer plays in the government of any
society, one would wonder why it is not being given the desired
attention vis-à-vis provision of needed equipment for effective learning
and teaching. It is therefore, necessary to ascertain the degree of
availability or otherwise of computer science laboratory equipment in
Junior Secondary Schools in Enugu North Local Government Area.
In Enugu North Local Government Area, the study of computer
science is made optional in all junior secondary school except in special
science schools. Yet this subject is highly imperative for the national
technological development. Again, many schools are not provided with
adequate equipment for the teaching and learning of the subject.
The effect of inadequate equipment for the effective teaching
and learning of computer science in some selected schools continue to
pester the local government area. The situation has led to the rapid
decline in student’s interest in the subject. If schools are well equipped,
it will mean better teaching by teacher and student’s interest in the
subject will be increased. Conversely if these equipment are lacking,
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obviously our dream for science and technological development would
remain a mirage. The problem this study therefore is to ascertain how
effective is the availability of teachers and laboratory facilities in
teaching and learning of computer science in Junior Secondary Schools
in Enugu North Local Government Area.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of the project is to determine the facilities for
effective teaching and learning of computer science in Junior Secondary
Schools in Enugu North Local Government Area.
Specifically the study tends to: Assess the degree of the availability of teachers and
laboratory facilities in Junior Secondary Schools in Enugu
North Local Government Area.
 Determine the source of supply of computer science
laboratory facilities in Junior Secondary Schools in Enugu
North Local Government Area.
 Determining the extent of utilization of the available computer
science equipment for effective teaching and learning.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
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It is the researchers wish repair the materials that will highlight
the needs for making available the laboratory equipment for teaching
computer science.
It is also hoped that the result of this will highlight the extent to
which availability of computer science laboratory equipment helps
teachers ton achieve higher performance in the teaching of computer
science in Junior Secondary School and those who want to be self
employed. This study will be of assistance to the educational planners it
will help them to make necessary changes in terms of providing funds,
staff recruitment, development and the availability of teachers.
The finding of the study will also provide solutions to the problems
of unavailability of teachers and laboratory facilities in order to promote
the effectiveness of teaching and learning in junior Secondary Schools in
Enugu North Local Government Area.
RESEARCH QUESTION
The following research question guided the study:
 To what extent are computer science teachers available in Junior
Secondary School in Enugu North Local Government Area
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 What are the sources of supply of computer science or the
availability of computer science laboratory facilities in Junior
Secondary School in Enugu North Local Government Area
 To what extent does availability of teachers and laboratory
facilities are effective to the teaching and learning of this subject
(computer science)
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study will be limited to junior secondary schools that are
offering computer science in Enugu North Local Government Area and to
serve as sampling techniques to other Junior Secondary Schools
offerings computer science in Enugu State Secondary Schools.
This study will also be designed to find out the extent of the availability
of teaching and learning and to determine the extent of supply and the
utilization of the available computer science laboratory facilities.
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