Summer School: Gender and Diversity
CvO University of Oldenburg
16-30 October 2007
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Gender and Migration
Prof. Dr. Moha Ennaji/Dr. Lydia Potts
Lectures and Working Group
Lectures: Friday, Oct. 19, 2:00 - 5:00 pm
Setting the agenda for the working group: Saturday, Oct. 20, 2:00 pm - 5:00 pm
working group (independent): Friday, Oct. 27 – Sunday Oct. 28 (16 hrs)
presentation: Monday, Oct 29, 10:00 – 4:30 pm (30 min.)
As in many other fields of research, the issue of ‘Gender and Migration’ is often dealt with as ‘bringing
women into migration research’. Meanwhile, there is a vast literature on women and migration (e.g.
Eleanore O. Hofstetter, Women Immigrants 1945 to the Present: A Bibliography, electronic document
<http://pages.towson.edu/hofstet/>), which has brought important insights into the diverse and
changing roles of women and gender relations in the historical and contemporary dynamics of local,
regional and global migration processes. But to date there have only been isolated investigations in
migration research in which men/masculinity is used as category. In fact, research into the dynamics
and structuring effects of gender as well as other dimensions of diversity (e.g. ethnicity, class, religion)
in the context of migration is generally lacking.
While Prof. Dr. Moha Ennaji discusses in this course the issue of migration and gender in Morocco in
a broader perspective, his focus is particularly on the situation of women left behind by male migrants.
The first lecture will address the theoretical approach, namely a broad version of the migration
economics theory, which analyzes migration as a means of revenue rising and stipulates that the
migration decision is determined more by the family strategy than by an individual choice. Within this
framework, it is argued that people migrate with the expectation of increasing their income and of
improving their living standards while taking minimal risks.
The second lecture by Dr. Lydia Potts will start with a brief overview on recent developments and
trends in migration theory as well as addressing the emerging global discourse on migration. In the
second part, the lecture will suggest how the interconnection of perspectives on gender and other
categories of diversity will lead to new ways of evaluating migration processes and subsequently might
have an impact on policy issues.
Literature:
texts provided as a reader
Boyd, Monica/ Grieco, Elizabeth. “Women and Migration: Incorporating Gender into International
Migration Theory.” 2003 http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=106
[22.09.2006]
Carling, Jorgen. “Gender Dimensions of International Migration.” Discussion Paper No. 35 of Global
Commission on International Migration. May 2005.
http://www.gcim.org/mm/File/GMP%20No%2035.pdf [22.09.2006]
Moha Ennaji, 2007. “Migration, Development and Gender in Morocco.” In: Migration et Diversité
Culturelle. Ed. Moha Ennaji. Fès: Metro Med & Fès-Saiss Publications.
Ennaji, M. (2006). “Social Policy in Morocco: History, Politics and Social Development.” In: Social
Policy in the Middle East. Ed. M. Karhsenas, M and V. Moghadam. Houndsmill: Palgrave,
pp.109-134.
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Erel, Umut. “Skilled Migrant Women and Citizenship.” Crossing Borders and Shifting Boundaries. Vol.
I: Gender on the Move. Ed. Mirijana Morokvasic-Müller, Umut Erel, and Kyoko Shinozaki.
Opladen: Leske+Budrich, 2003: 261-83.
Jolly, Susie/ Reeves, Hazel. “Gender and Migration. Overview Report.” University of Sussex, Brighton:
BRIDGE Institute of Development Studies, 2005.
http://www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/reports/CEP-Mig-OR.pdf [22.09.2006] [ToC]
Morokvasic, Mirjana. “Transnational Mobility and Gender: A View from Post-Wall Europe.” Crossing
Borders and Shifting Boundaries. Vol. I: Gender on the Move. Ed. Mirijana Morokvasic-Müller,
Umut Erel, and Kyoko Shinozaki. Opladen: Leske+Budrich, 2003: 101-33.
United Nations. 2004 World Survey on the Role of Women in Development. Women and International
Migration. New York 2005.
http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/public/WorldSurvey2004-Women&Migration.pdf
[22.09.2006] [ToC; Introduction]
United Nations Population Fund. State of the World Population 2006: A Passage to Hope. Women and
Intermational Migration. UNFPA 2006.
http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2006/pdf/en_sowp06.pdf [22.09.2006] [ToC; Introduction]
Sadiqi, F. and M. Ennaji. 2004. “Effects of Male Migration from Morocco to Europe on Women: A
Gender Approach”, in Geographica (Lisbon).
books and other texts accessible during the summer school:
Dr. Potts
IOM. “Migration and Gender. Section 2.10.” Essentials of Migration Management. Vol. 2: Developing
Migration Policy. IOM 2005 ( ?)
http://www.gender.gcim.org/attachements/IOM%20Migration%20and%20gender.pdf
[22.09.2006]
Jolly, Susie/ Reeves, Hazel. “Gender and Migration. Overview Report.” University of Sussex, Brighton:
BRIDGE Institute of Development Studies, 2005.
http://www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/reports/CEP-Mig-OR.pdf [22.09.2006]
Phoenix, Ann. “Constructive and Constraining Masculinities: Masculinities and Racialization in Young
Londoners.” Crossing Boundaries: African American Inner City and European Migrant Youth.
Ed. Maria I. Diedrich, Theron D. Cook, and Flip Lindo. Münster 2004: 79-94.
United Nations. 2004 World Survey on the Role of Women in Development. Women and International
Migration. New York 2005.
http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/public/WorldSurvey2004-Women&Migration.pdf
[22.09.2006]
United Nations Population Fund. State of the World Population 2006: A Passage to Hope. Women and
Intermational Migration. UNFPA 2006.
http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2006/pdf/en_sowp06.pdf [22.09.2006]
Dr. Ennaji
Chant, Sylvia, ed. (1992). Gender and Migration in Developing Countries. London: Belhaven. (ch. 1)
Chant, S. (1997). Women-Headed Households. London. McMillan Press Ltd. (ch. 1)
Ennaji, M. & Sadiqi, F. (to appear). Migration and Gender in Morocco. Trenton: Africa World Press.
Ennaji, M. (2007) (ed.). Migration and Cultural Diversity. Proceedings of the International Conference
on Migration and Cultural Diversity. Fès: Publications of Fès-Saiss Association.
Ennaji, M. (2005). Multilingualism, Cultural Identity and Education in Morocco. New York: Springer.
(ch. 1)
Fonseca, M. L. & M. Ormond, “A Gendered Approach to Immigration in Southern Europe: the
Portuguese Case” 2nd July 2004. In, Proceedings of the conference on “Migration and Cultural
Diversity”. Fès: Fès-Saiss Publications.
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Summer School: Gender and Diversity
CvO University of Oldenburg
16-30 October 2007
Ruspini, P. (2006). “Migration and Integration: The Italian Experience.” Proceedings of the
International Colloquium on “Migration and Cultural Diversity” 1-3 July 2004. Fès - Morocco.
Sadiqi, F. (2003). Women, Gender and Language in Morocco. Leiden and Boston: Brill Academic
Publishers.
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