Locality
Stratigraphic
Generalized Sedimentology
Plant Megafossils
Assignment;
Pollen and
Vertebrates
Spores
Interpreted Depositional
Environment
GPS
Wagendrift
Ecca Group,
Interbedded, mm-scale, laminated siltstone
Leaves scarce within
Present;
Present in
Deep continental-lake deposits
Dam Quarry
Volkrust Fm.;
and mudstone with increasing sandstone
interbedded, mm-scale
good
ironstone nodules
dominated by turbidites
S 29.02697°
up-section. Sandstone may be isolated
beds, or in massive,
quality
E 29.84101°
ripples, ripple-laminated, or convolute beds
contorted siltstone;
with ball-and-pillow structures, or cm- to dm-
adpressions and
scale massive beds
impressions
Normandien
Parallel-bedded, medium-to coarse-grained
Dispersed, moderate
Work in
None
Channel-bedload and lateral-bar
Fm. (Balfour
siltstone in four channel-form geometries;
to poorly preserved
progress
equivalent)
large-scale deformational ball-and-pillow
leaves and axes. Taxa
S 29.79953°
structures
from more intensive
Bulwer Quarry
E 29.78657°
deposits in a fine-grained
meandering river system
collecting in the past,
when the Bulwer
Quarry was active,
include: several
Glossopteris
morphotypes, Rigby
arberioides,
Lidgettonia sp.,
sphenophyte axes,
Trizygia speciosa,
Raniganjia sp., and
Phyllotheca australis
(Anderson and
Anderson, 1985)
Ashtonvale
Normandien
Coarse-grained, massive siltstone in dune
Well-bedded leaf mats
Farm
Fm. (Balfour
structures overlain by ripple-laminated
in massive siltstone
equivalent)
siltstone; siltstone altered to kaolinite
S 29.83184°
E 29.77728°
None
None
Channel-bedload dunes within finegrained meandering river system
Tradestore
Middle
Coarse-grained, massive siltstone in dune
Well-bedded leaf mats
Present;
Donga
Normandien
structures overlain by ripple-laminated
in massive siltstone
poor
Fm. (Balfour
siltstone
None
Channel-bedload dunes within finegrained meandering river system
quality
equivalent)
S 28.98098°
E 29.93373°
Loskop Quarry
Normandien
Coarse-grained, massive siltstone overlying
Well-bedded leaves
Work in
Present higher in
Channel-fill sequence of
Fm. (Balfour
channel-form sandstone geometries
and axes in fine-
progress
the section, several
abandoned large, main river
km from quarry site
channel of at least 20 m depth
None
Channel-fill sequence of
equivalent)
grained clastics. Taxa
S 28.56367°
identified and listed by
E 29.34853°
Anderson and
Anderson (1985)
include several
Glossopteris
morphotypes,
Plumsteadia gibbosa,
Lidgettonia sp., Rigby
arberioides,
sphenophyte axes,
Trizygia speciosa
(Sphenophyllum
speciosum in
Anderson and
Anderson, 1985),
Phyllotheca spp.,
Sphenopteris sp., and
Noeggerathiopsis
Clouston Farm
Normandien
Planar and trough crossbedded sandstone
Well-bedded leaves
Present;
Fm. (Balfour
barforms overlain by laminated siltstone and
and axes in fine-
very good
abandoned large, main river
equivalent)
claystone
grained clastics; wood
quality
channel of at least 20 m depth
S 28.75782°
E 29.79720°
found on the surface
Colenso;
Normandien
Massive siltstone overlain by low-angle,
Well-bedded leaves
Work in
Present on
Lateral channel-bar (point-bar)
Roadcut
Fm. (Balfour
accrectionary bedforms of siltstone
and axes in siltstone
progress
accretionary
deposit of large, meandering river
R74/R103
equivalent)
bedforms
channel
S 28.45045°
E 29.49325°
Ennersdale
Upper
Coarse-grained, massive siltstone in dune
Isolated, dispersed in
Present;
Present in same
Channel and overbank floodplain
Normandien
structures overlain by single-story
crossbedded siltstone
good
beds as leaves
deposits
Fm.
sandstone channel; overlain by green and
(Schoondraai
purple siltstones and mudstones
Shallow fluvial channels
quality
Mbr.)
S 29.02061°
E 29.76413°
Commando
Balfour
Green-gray, coarse-grained siltstone with
Isolated, dispersed
Work in
Present in both
Drift
Formation
low-angle cross stratification. Siltstone fills
debris in low-angle,
progress
greenish-gray
(Elandsberg
scour-and-fill structures within fine- and very
cross-bedded sandy
siltstone exposed
Mbr.)
fine-grained, thin sandstone lenses. Planar
siltstone
in the valley and
S 32.8990°
beds are ripple-laminated and overlain by
the reddish-gray
E 26.3196°
low-angle crossbeds with mud clasts
siltstones on the
hill slopes. In the
latter exposures,
fossils are often
(but not always)
associated with
calcareous nodules
or concretions
Bethulie
Wapadsberg
Balfour and
Three fossiliferous horizons: (1) Yellowish-
Isolated, dispersed
Work in
Reported in
Shallow silt-dominated fluvial
Katberg fms.
gray, fine-grained sandstone interbedded
debris on surfaces of
progress
interchannel
channels with basal accretionary
S 30°25'20.9"
with dark, greenish gray, coarse-grained
crossbeds; within
mudrocks or
sand wedges
E 26°15'15.0"
siltstone. (2) En-eschelon stacked
scour-and-fill
siltstones (Smith,
sandstones, exhibiting barforms and ball-
structures.
1995);
and-pillow structures, are overlain by thick,
Lystrosaurus Zone
greenish-gray siltstones. This is overlain by
skeletons in the
fining-upwards sequences consisting of thin,
dark reddish-brown
planar-tabular sandstone sheets overlain by
calcic paleosols,
coarse-grained siltstone. (3) Upwards-fining
commonly
cycles of very fine-grained sandstone
encrusted with a
overlain by coarse-grained siltstone are
rough-surfaced
overlain by a thick sandstone unit consisting
calcareous nodular
of stacked sheet sandstones
material
Balfour Fm.
Crossbedded and rippled sandstones
Isolated, fragmentary
Work in
Reported in
Shallow, silt-dominated fluvial
(Elandsberg
overlain by green-gray or olive siltstone in
debris on bedding
progress
interchannel
channels with basal sandstone
and
fining-upwards cycles. Fossiliferous,
planes
mudrocks or
accretionary beds
Palinkloof
greenish-gray, coarse-grained siltstone
siltstones (Smith,
mbrs.)
overlies horizontal and dense, cylindrical,
1995);
S°55.350'
lined, sandstone burrows in the base of the
Lystrosaurus Zone
E°24 53.83'
channel-fill sequnces
skeletons in the
dark, reddishbrown calcic
paleosols,
commonly
encrusted with a
rough-surfaced
calcareous nodular
material
Carlton
Balfour and
Multistoried, fine-grained, gray to white,
Isolated, poorly
Work in
Reported in
Heights
Katberg fms.
sandstone-channel system. Erosional basal
preserved plant
progress
interchannel
S 31.17852°
contacts, lenses of intraformational
remains occur in a very
mudrocks or
E 24.57162°
mudstone pebbles, and pedogenic
fine-grained rippled
siltstones (Smith,
Multistoried fluvial channel
carbonate-nodule conglomerate. Planar
sandstone that infills a
1995);
beds and large-scale trough stratification;
megaripple trough
Lystrosaurus Zone
soft-sediment deformational features and
skeletons in the
small-scale mudcracks
dark, reddishbrown calcic
paleosols
commonly
encrusted with a
rough-surfaced
calcareous nodular
material
Lady Frere
Burgersdorp
Medium- to coarse-grained, poorly sorted,
Isolated, moderately
Work in
B;
wedge-shaped sandstone overlain by a
well-preserved aerial
progress
S 31°42.186’
coarse-grained siltstone and very fine-
plant parts consisting
E 27°15.53’
grained sandstone trough fill
of thick, robust leaves
None
Shallow, sandstone-dominated
channels intercalated with (?lateral
to) paleosols.
and axes. Taxa that
have been recorded
from this site in the
past by Anderson and
Anderson (1985)
include lycopod axes,
Calamites, Burgesia
papiliophylla,
Lepidopteris spp.,
Dicroidium hughesii,
Sphenobaiera
stormbergensis, and
Nilssonia
reservoirensis
Boesmankoek
Burgersdorp
Coarse-grained siltstone interbedded with
Well-preserved
Work in
C;
very fine-grained sandstones in mulit-storied
gymnosperm leaves
progress
S 31°29.75'
channel forms; accretionary sandstones in
and fern pinnules;
E 26°29.52'
lateral barforms
?sphenophytes
None
Large, multistoried fluvial system.
concentrated on
bedding surface