Construction and generation of Ad vectors AdRSV.hAAT was created by inserting a SmaI/XhoI-fragment of pBS-RSVHAATbpA (DrMark Kay, Stanford, provided by Dr. Christian Hofmann, Max Delbrück Center, Berlin) containing the promoter and cDNA of hAAT into the KpnI(blunted)/XhoI cut pAdenoVatorpromoterless (MP Biomedicals, Heidelberg, Germany). AdCMV.p21-RSV.hAAT was constructed by first amplifying by PCR the coding region of pBS-Cip1 (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) introducing BamHI and EcoRI sites with the primers: 5’- AGAGGATCCGCCATGTCAGAA-3’ and 5’-GCAGAATTCCTGTGGGCGGATT-3’. The fragment was inserted into BamHI/EcoRI cleaved pBlueskriptII to give pBS-p21. The bovine growth hormone polyadenylation signal from pBS-RSVHAATbpA was liberated with SmaI and XhoI and cloned into EcoRV/SalI cut pBS-p21 to yield pBS-p21bpA. Subsequently the complete expression cassette of pBS-RSVHAATbpA as XhoI-fragment was cloned into the XhoI site of pBS-p21bpA to give pBS-p21bpA-RSVhAATbpA. A segment containing both expression cassettes without the second polyadenylation signal was excised with SmaI/XbaI and inserted into KpnI(blunted)/NheI cut pAdenoVator-hCMV-Intron (MP Biomedicals, Heidelberg, Germany). Vector plasmids were generated by homologous recombination in E.coli BJ5183 and virus produced in 293 cells according to the manufacturers protocol (MP Biomedicals). Virus was purified with AdenoPacks (Sartorius Stedim, Göttingen, Germany) and infectious titres determined with Adeno-X Rapid Titer Kit or AdEasy Viral Titer Kit (Takara Clontech, SaintGermain-en-Laye, France / Stratagene, Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Viral stocks were assayed for contamination with replication competent adenovirus by infection of HeLa cells with subsequent PCR analysis of culture supernatant for presence of E1 sequences (modified after 1). No contamination was detected. 1. Ishii-Watabe A, Uchida E, Iwata A, Nagata R, Satoh K, Fan K et al. Detection of replication-competent adenoviruses spiked into recombinant adenovirus vector products by infectivity PCR. Molecular Therapy 2003; 8: 1009-1116.