HISTORICAL GEOLOGY LECTURE TEST # 3 - 2011
1. The Antler Orogeny occurred in ? North America. A.eastern B.western
2. The formation of the Marathon Uplift and Amarillo Mountains in Texas was during the
A.Permian B.Silurian C.Cambrian D.Ordovician E.Pennsylvanian
3. Seawater salinity was probably ? during the Archean versus that of today. A.lower B.higher
C.seawater salinity appears to have attained approximately modern concentrations by the Archean
4. The production of nitrates was especially important in the adaptive radiation of the
A.prokaryotes B.eukaryotes C.nitrate production is important for both prokaryotes and
eukaryotes
5. Which of the following is a bolide? A.asteroid B.comet C.meteorite D.these are all bolides
6. Meiosis is involved in the formation of A.oxygen B.carbon dioxide C.amino acids
D.organic phosphorous compounds E.sex cells
7. The ? Orogeny created the Appalachian Mountains. A.Antler B.Acadian C.Allegenian
D.Taconic E.Sonoma
8. The Gowganda Formation of southern Canada and similar deposits in Wyoming, Finland,
southern Africa and India provide evidence for ancient A.plate rifting B.the formation of
supercontinents C.atmospheric development D.glaciation E.bolide impacts
9. The ? Orogeny resulted in the formation of the Carolina Terrane; it cas created due to the
collision of Laurentia, Baltica and Avalonia. A.Antler B.Acadian C.Allegenian D.Taconic
E.Sonoma
10. The “primitive” crust of the Earth was of a ? composition. A.felsic B.mafic C.both felsic
and mafic material was formed during early Earth formation
11. The great “coal swamps” of the Northern Hemisphere were largely of ? age. A.Permian
B.Silurian C.Cambrian D.Ordovician E.Pennsylvanian
12. Deep-burrowing invertebrate burrows are ? in PreCambrian rocks. A.found B.unknown
13. The ? Orogeny was centered around Nevada; it is of Late Permian and Early Triassic age.
A.Antler B.Acadian C.Allegenian D.Taconic E.Sonoma
14. During the Late Proterozoic and Early Cambrian sealevel was relatively A.low B.high
15. The dominant Archean sedimentary rocks are A.arkoses B.limestones C.dolomites D.halite
E.graywackes
16. Metazoans have A.prokaryotic cells B.tissues C.metazoans have tissues made of
prokaryotic cells
17. The ? Orogeny was an Ordovician mountain-building event that resulted from the suturing of
Laurentia with several large islands. A.Antler B.Acadian C.Allegenian D.Taconic
E.Sonoma
18. The earliest redbeds and paleosols on Earth was probably due to the production of ? in the
atmosphere. A.carbon dioxide B.nitrogen C.ammonia D.methane E.oxygen
19. Pangaea was largely formed during the A.Permian B.Silurian C.Cambrian D.Ordovician
E.Pennsylvanian
20. Water probably ? present on the Earth’s surface early in the Archean. A.was B.was not
21. The first large cratons were formed during the A.Proterozoic B.Hadean C.Archean
22. The Capitan Reef of west Texas and New Mexico was of ? age. A.Permian B.Silurian
C.Cambrian D.Ordovician E.Pennsylvanian
23. Banded Iron Formations consist of interlayered iron and A.limestone B.dolomite C.granite D.chert
E.schist
24. Atmospheric levels of oxygen probably exceeded about 3% total atmospheric gases about ?
billion years ago. A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 E.5
25. ? form the “building materials” of life. A.proteins B.DNA C.RNA D.organic phosphorous
compounds
26. The Catskill Clastic Wedge in eastern North America and the “Old Red Sandstone” in
Scotland are of ? age. A.Silurian B.Permian C.Cambrian D.Ordovician E.Devonian
27. The presence of vacuoles and mitochondria are characteristic of ? cells. A.prokaryotic
B.eukaryotic C.these are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
28. Volcanic activity probably resulted in the buildup of ? in the early Earth atmosphere. A.hydrogen
B.nitrogen C.carbon dioxide D.oxygen E.all of the above could be produced by volcanoes
29. The formation of ? is especially important in the early evolution of life. A.nitrogen
B.oxygen C.silicon D.hydrogen E.carbon
30. Prokaryotes ? a nuclear membrane. A.have B.do not have
31. During the Mississippian, sealevel was typically A.low B.high
32. Redbeds, evaporites and huge dune facies are most characteristic of rocks of ? age.
A.Permian B.Silurian C.Cambrian D.Ordovician E.Pennsylvanian
33. The Burgess Shale is of ? age. A.Permian B.Devonian C.Silurian D.Cambrian
E.Ordovician
34. Gases and dust formed planetesimals and planetesimals formed planets and their satellites.
This theory is termed the A.Steady State B.Big Bang C.Cosmological D.Dark Energy
E.Solar Nebula
35. The oldest fossils belong to A.Archaebacteria B.Eubacteria C.Eucaryota
36. Lethal radiation is shielded from the Earth by the presence of ? in the atmosphere. A.carbon
dioxide B.carbon monoxide C.nitrogen D.ammonia E.ozone
37. The continents of the Archean were ? than those of today. A.smaller B.larger C.continental
size has remained the same throughout Earth history
38. Because of remobilization, many of the earliest tectonic events on Earth have been
A.preserved B.destroyed
39. ? are chlorite- and epidote-rich metamorphic rocks that were probably formed by metamorphism of
volcanic belts along the margins of small continents and ocean basins. A.greenstones B.granulites
C.both greenstones and granulites represent metamorphosed volcanic belts
40. During the Ordovician Gondwana was situated A.at the equator B.over the South Pole
41. The Keweenawan Supergroup, in the Great Lakes Region, was primarily a result of plate
tectonic A.rifting B.suturing C.subduction D.obduction E.shear
42. ? are formed from amino acids. A.proteins B.DNA C.RNA D.all of these are formed from
amino acids
43. During initial Earth differentiation, ? dense silicates formed the crust of the Earth versus
those of the mantle. A.less B.more C.the crust and mantle of the Earth have the same
silicate composition, although density is different
44. There ? post-PreCambrian Banded Iron Formations. A.are B.are no
45. In prokaryotes meiosis is A.absent B.present
46. Which of the following is not true concerning the Earth’s Moon? A.was probably formed
during Solar System formation from Earth material B.has a composition very similar to that
of the Earth C.both of these are true concerning the Moon D.neither of these is true
concerning the Moon
47. During the early “Vendian Period” Earth climate was A.cold B.hot
48. The methanogens and sulfur-metabolizing bacteria are A.Archaebacteria B.Eubacteria
C.Eucaryota
49. The earliest fossil evidence consists of A.fossils in cherts B.stromatolites C.data from
carbon isotopes D.all of the above provide evidence of early life forms
50. Rodinia was created during the A.Archean B.Hadean C.Proterozoic
51. Amino acids may have appeared on early Earth as a result of A.a mixture of gases in
conjunction with electricity or ultraviolet radiation B.meteorite bombardment C.amino
acids may form from gases; some meteorites also contain amino acids
52. The “endosymbiotic theory” has been used to explain the origin of A.eukaryotes
B.prokaryotes C.this theory has been used in explaining the origin of both of these groups
53. Most ? orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. A.comets B.asteroids C.meteorites D.most
of these astronomical bodies orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter
54. The production of amino acids takes place in ? environments. A.aerobic B.anaerobic
C.amino acids can be formed in either aerobic or anaerobic environments
55. Placer uraninite deposits are found in rocks ? than 2.3 billion years old. A.older B.younger
C.placer uraninite is very common in all PreCambrian rocks
56. Volcanic activity during the Archean was primarily due to A.”hot spots” B.plate tectonics
C.both “hot spots” and plate tectonics were well-developed during the Archean
57. The Grenville Orogeny created one billion year-old igneous and metamorphic rocks in
A.Texas B.the Great Lakes Region C.Arizona D.Montana E.western Canada
58. The Ediacara Fauna A.is of Archean age B.is found only in South Australia C.consist of
“pancake animals” D.had exoskeletons E.all of the above are true concerning the Ediacara
Fauna
59. The “Pan-African Orogeny” occurred during the A.Archean B.Hadean C.Proterozoic
60. Venus is a ? planet. A.Minor B.Jovian C.Terrestrial
61. The oldest life forms were probably A.Archaebacteria B.Eubacteria C.Eucaryota
62. Based upon Hubble’s Law, it is believed that the universe is approximately ? years old. A.4.6 million
B.4.6 billion C.8.9 million D.9.8 billion E.13.7 billion
63. ? are “monerans”. A.prokaryotes B.eukaryotes C.both prokaryotes and eukaryotes are
“monerans”
64. The earliest life forms probably relied mostly on ? in replication. A.RNA B.DNA C.both
DNA and RNA were probably equally utilized
65. The Wopway System provides some of the earliest evidence of A.life forms B.development
of the early Earth atmosphere C.plate tectonics D.Earth accretion E.early extinction events
66. The impact of asteroids and other large astronomical bodies with planets may have A.tilted
their rotational axes B.caused mass extinctions C.affected the direction of rotation D.made
large astroblemes, or impact structures E.all of these may be due to the impact of asteroids
and other objects
67. The cyanobacteria are A.Archaebacteria B.Eubacteria C.Eucaryota
68. The earliest plate rifting occurred during the A.Archean B.Hadean C.Proterozoic
69. Cometary material may have caused the buildup of ? in the early Earth atmosphere. A.water vapor
B.methane C.ammonia D.all of these may have increased due to the addition of cometary material in
the early Earth atmosphere
70. The “Precambrian Shield” areas are surrounded by ? rocks. A.older B.younger C.it depends
upon the “Precambrian Shield”
71. The Archean oceans were probably ? than those of today. A.colder B.warmer C.ocean
temperatures were probably the same as today
72. Stromatolites were ? during the Proterozoic. A.rare B.abundant
73. ? are made of ice and frozen gases. A.asteroids B.comets C.both asteroids and comets are
made of ice and frozen gases
74. Grypania and early “acritarchs” represent early A.Archaebacteria B.Eubacteria
C.Eukaryotes
75. This test number is A. Please answer "A" for question # 75.