Commonly asked questions

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The

Construction (1)

1. When can I use

sentences?

2. How can I form a sentence with

?

3. What are the commonly used attached verb elements in the

construction?

4. Apart from a subject of a sentence, what other elements which can be placed before

?

5. Where should the negation

be placed if the

(complement of degree) construction is used in a

sentence?

6. Sometimes a

sentence contains only a simple main verb and the particle

. Does that mean that any simple verb +

can be used in

sentences?

7. Is it right that the

construction can only be used for real objects, and not for abstract objects?

8. What shouldn't be used in

sentences?

9. When can I avoid using

?

Passive with

被 让 叫 给

(12)

1. When should I use

sentences?

2. Which verb forms are used in

sentences?

3. How can I form

sentences?

4. Can all

sentences be turned into

sentences?

5. Do

sentences always have a negative sense?

6. Can a simple monosyllabic verb be used in the

construction?

7. Should the agent always appear after

?

8. Is there any other difference between

,

,

and

in passive sentences?

9. Is it necessary to use

or

if the agent is not there?

10. When an active sentence is changed into a passive one, is the emphasis of the sentence also changed?

Passive without

被 让 叫 给

(20)

1. When should I use this construction ?

2. Are there any differences between the sentences without

and ones with

?

3. What do I need to form this type of sentences?

5. What is the difference between

sentences and

...

sentences, as in

这本书是他写

?

I

Comparatives

,

/

...

一样

...

﹐ 比起来

.... (24)

1. How many comparative constructions are there?

2. How can I form a

sentence, and what should I be aware of?

3. Can the words “very much”, “extremely” and “really” be used in the 比

construction?

4. How do I form a sentence if I want to describe exactly how much more or less “A” is than “B”?

5. Can I use

to compare feelings and capabilities?

6. Can I use the

construction to compare two actions?

7. Can I use the

construction to compare the difference in quantity between two actions?

8. Apart from

can any other word be used in comparisons?

9. How can I form a sentence with ...

...

一 样?

10. How can I say that I prefer A to B?

11. Can I use the negation

before

?

12. Are the negative forms of

(

不比

) and

(

没有

) the same?

13. What is the difference between

sentences and

...

一样

... sentences?

14. What is the difference between the constructions A

B

一样

and A

B

一样

?

15. Can you demonstrate the different degrees of comparison?

Co-verbs (34)

在﹐ 到﹐ 给﹐ 对﹐ 为﹐ 从﹐ 离﹐ 跟﹐ 用﹐ 坐

......

1. What are co-verbs?

2. Why should I treat these words as co-verbs, but not prepositions?

3. How can I form a sentence with a co-v. clause?

4. Where should the adverbs, such as

常常

,

总是

, and modal verbs such as

可以

,

应该

be placed in the sentences which co-verbs are used?

5. What should I do if a sentence has more than one co-v. clause?

6. Can you tell me the difference between

and

?

7. What is the difference between the co-verb

and

?

8. What is the difference between

我跟他说

,

我对他说 and

我给他说

?

The

Construction (40)

1. When can I use the

的 construction?

2. How do I form the

construction?

II

3. Do I always have to put measure words at the beginning of the

的 construction, as in the above sentence?

4. Do I always have to use

when I use an adjective to describe a noun?

5. When can a possessive

be omitted?

6. It seems that the nouns after

are the most important nouns in sentences, but that in some sentences there are no nouns after

. Why is that?

7. Hints and conclusion.

8. Four "don’ts" for describing nouns.

The

Construction (45)

1. When do I use the

construction?

2. How many different ways can I form the

construction?

3. What is the negative form for the

construction?

4. Is the particle

for completed actions used in the

construction?

5. I find it difficult to distinguish the

construction from potential verb complements.

How can I tell which is which?

6. Do I always need

to indicate the degree of complement?

7. Where can I place

一点儿

and

一些

in the

construction?

8. What is the difference between "

请你说得慢一点儿

." and "

请你慢一点儿说

."

The

Construction (52)

1. When should I use the

construction?

2. How can I form a

sentence?

3. What should I be aware of when I use the

construction?

4. Do I always have to use

, if I want to describe how an action is carried out?

5. Is the particle

for completed action used in

constructions?

6. Can verb complements be used in the

constructions?

7. How do I use

in the

and

sentences?

8. Are the

construction and the

constructions interchangeable? For instance A.

天上午他很快地吃完了饭

// B.

今天上午他饭吃得很快

Do these two sentences have the same meaning?

The use of

(58)

1. Where should I place

in a sentence?

2. How do I use

to imply an action takes place earlier than I have expected?

3. Can

be used to imply anything else apart from “earlier than expected”?

III

4. What are the implications if

is used in the above sentences?

5. Can

be used for other purposes?

6. Can

and

be used in a same sentence?

for completed actions (62)

1. When should I use it?

2. When should I place the

at the end of a sentence, and when should I place it after the main verb of a sentence?

3. Is it incorrect if I place

after the verb in a simple-object sentence?

4. Can I place

at the end of a sentence that has a complex object?

5. Where should I place

if a sentence has a time measure?

6. Is a time measure placed after

in a negative sentence?

7. Do I have to put the time-measures before

in all negative sentences?

8. Do I have to put

after every verb in a sentence, if the sentence has a sequence of actions?

9. Do I always have to place

after the last verb of a sentence when describing a sequence of actions?

10. Do I always have to use

to indicate a completed action?

11. Apart from the negation, are there any circumstances in which

is not used?

12. Is it true that if I use a time-word I don't have to use

?

13. Are there any constructions that cannot take an aspectual particle

?

14. Do I always have to consider the use of

when I see a past tense in an English sentence?

The use of

as a modal particle (70)

1. What else can

be used for, apart from for indicating a completed action?

2. How is

used for emphasis?

3. Can

be used to emphasize negative actions?

4. Can

be used to emphasize stative verbs or complements of degree?

5. How is

used to express excessiveness?

6. Can be the following expressions be placed before nouns:

stative verb

; stative verb

; and

stative verb

?

7. Can the above three expressions have negative forms?

8. When do I use

for a change of situation, and where does it go in a sentence?

IV

9. Are the functions of

always clear in sentences?

10. How many sentence patterns can be used to indicate imminent action?

11. Do these expressions indicate the same degree of urgency?

Measure words (79)

1. How many measure words are there?

2. When do I need a measure word (category 1) in a sentence?

3. Where should I place a measure word in a sentence?

4. Should the word

(more, over) appear before or after a measure word?

Resultative complements (88)

1. What are resultative complements?

2. When should I use resultative verb complements in sentences?

3. Where does a resultative verb complement go in a sentence?

4. Where does a resultative verb complement go if a sentence has a direct and indirect object?

5. Can the particle "

" for completed action be used with resultative verb complements?

6. What are the commonly used resultative complements?

Directional complements (95)

1. What are directional complements?

2. What are the functions of

and

in directional complements?

3. Can a direction word and

or

be used together?

4. Can you show me a list of combined directional complements?

5. Can I use a combined directional complement as the main verb in a sentence?

6. When do I use the full version of directional verb complements in sentences?

7. Where should I place the directional verb complements in a sentence?

8. Where should I place a

for completed action when I use a directional complement?

9. Can the particle

be used with a directional complement?

10. Can the particle

be used with a directional complement?

11. Where should I place the object of a sentence if a directional verb complement is used?

Potential verb complement (100)

1.

What are potential complements?

2.

Are there any PVC which are only used idiomatically?

3. How can I form a sentence with potential complements?

4. Can I use the particle

for completed action in a sentence which has a potential

V

complement?

5. How do you differentiate complements of degree (

construction) from potential complements?

6. Are

constructions and potential verb complements interchangeable?

The uses of

什么

…,

哪儿 都

…, and

谁 都

…(105)

When do I use the

什么 … 都 …, 哪儿 都 …, and 谁 都 … constructions?

How do I form a sentence with these constructions?

How do I form a negative sentence with these constructions?

Is there any difference in meaning between

都 and

here?

Are there any differences between these

什么 … 都

,

谁 … 都

and

哪儿 … 都 constructions?

What is the difference between using

任何 or

所有的 and these constructions?

The

正在

construction and V+

How do I form a sentence that implies progressive action?

Is there any difference in meaning between the use of

,

,

and

?

Do any of the functional elements

,

,

and

呢 imply longer or shorter duration?

Is a co-verb clause always placed after

正 and before a verb?

Where should I place an adverbial

地 clause in a

正在 sentence?

Does

着 have any other usages?

VI

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