Chapter 25- Tracing phylogeny
I.
The fossil record documents macroevolution
A.
How fossils form
B.
II.
Limitations of the fossil record
Paleontologists use a variety of methods to date fossils
A.
Relative dating
B.
Absolute dating
III.
What are the major questions about macroevolution?
IV.
Some evolutionary novelties are modified versions of older structures
V.
A.
Genes that control development play a major role in evolutionary novelty
Heterochrony -
B.
Homeosis -
VI.
Recognizing trends in the fossil record does not mean that macroevolution is goal
oriented.
VII.
Macroevolution has a biogeographical basis in continental drift.
VIII.
The history of life is punctuated by mass extinctions followed by adaptive radiations
A.
Examples of major adaptive radiations
B.
Examples of mass extinctions
IX.
Systematics connects biological diversity to phylogeny
Phylogeny Systematics -
X.
XI.
XII.
A.
Taxonomy and hierarchial classification
(Kings play chess on fine grain sand)
B.
The relationship of classification to phylogeny
C.
Sorting homology from analogy
Molecular biology provides powerful new tools for systematics
A.
Protein comparisons
B.
DNA comparisons
C.
Analysis of fossilized DNA
D.
Molecular Clocks
Cladistics highlights the phylogenetic significance of systematics
A.
Phenetics
B.
Cladistics
C.
Classical evolutionary systematics
Is a new evolutionary synthesis necessary?