Solutions are clear, homogeneous mixtures of solute and
solvent. The particles in a solution- individual atoms,
ions, or molecules- are too small to be seen and do not
settle out.
A solution consists of a solute and a solvent.
A solution consists of two parts: one part is the
substance being dissolved (solute), and the other part is
the substance doing the dissolving (solvent).
The most common solutions are those in which the
solvent is a liquid.
Solid solute
liquid solute
gas solute
Liquid solvent
Water
Liquid solvent
Water
Liquid solvent
Water
WATER IS KNOWN AS THE UNIVERSAL
SOLVENT
Two other types of mixtures can be formed when a
solute dissolves in a solvent.
The physical properties of particle size and separation
of solute and solvent particles determine whether a
mixture is a suspension or a colloid.
Suspensions- a heterogeneous mixture in which a solute
particles are larger than atoms, ions or molecules. The
particles are large enough in fact to be seen with or
without a microscope. The solute particles in a
suspension are temporarily suspended, or hanging in
the solvent.—eventually, they will settle out. Soil and
water is an example
Colloids- is a homogeneous mixture that is not a true
solution. The size of the solute particles is larger than
that in a solution but smaller than that in a suspension.
The particles are larger than atoms, ions, or molecules
but too small to be seen even with a microscope. The
solute particles are permanently suspended
Types of colloids
Name
example
Fog
Smoke
Foam
Emulsion
Sol
Gel
Clouds
Smoke
Whipped cream
Mayonnaise
Paint
butter