Light Emission from Silicon Quantum Dots P. K. Kashkarov, O. A. Shalygina, M. G. Lisachenko, D. M. Zhigunov, S. A. Teterukov, V. Yu. Timoshenko Moscow State M.V. Lomonosov University, Faculty of Physics, 119992 Moscow, Russia Phone/Fax: +7(095)9392193, E-mail: pavel@vega.phys.msu.su Light emission from silicon can be considerably enhanced by formation of nanostrutures or by doping with luminescence activators. In this work both approaches are combined. Erbium ions in a solid matrix can emit sharp luminescence line at 1.5 m (4I13/2→4I15/2 transitions in the internal 4f-shell), which matches the silica fiber-based optical communication systems. A promising host for Er+3 ions is silica with embedded Si nanocrystals of several nm sizes, i.e. Si quantum dots (QDs). We report on an efficient sensitizing of the room temperature Er+3 photoluminescence in Si nanocrystals /SiO2 structures. The energy of optical excitation of Si QDs is almost completely transferred to the Er3+ ions in surrounding SiO2 and a strong emission line at 1.5 m appears. The luminescence yield of the Er-doped structure increases for higher energy of exciting photons and for smaller size of the nanocrystals. For Si QDs of 2 nm diameter the efficiency of the Er3+ emission exceeds the total luminescence yield of the undoped structure. This highly efficient sensitizing of the luminescence is explained by a coupling between excitons in Si QDs and Er 3+ ions in their upper excited states. The coupling is so strong that it competes successfully with nonradiative recombination losses in Si QDs ensembles.