EyE
Escenarios y Estrategia
The Millennium Project
Latin American Node
Buenos Aires - Argentina
www.esyes.com.ar
erbalbi@fibertel.com.ar
HUMAN SECURITY
FIRST ROUND REPORT
Concluded the first round about human security, conducted by “EyE - Scenarios and
Strategy” the Latin American Node of the Millennium Project (June-August 2003), it’s our
pleasure to send you the results of this Delphi.
1. Instrumental aspects of the first round
The respondents were consulted on the definitions about human security outlined by the
Commission of Human Security of United Nations (HSC-ONU), and for the Latin
American Node of the Millennium Project (NLMP). This constituted Section 1 of the
round.
It was also consulted on main concepts or fields that each institution proposes for its study
and treatment. This constituted Section 2 of the round.
In both sections, there were “open” questions and respondent´s opinion have been required.
On the other hand, in Section 4, they’ve been required about the same topics, but with
“closed” questions and with three evaluation criteria that were the following ones:
Evaluation criteria and their scales (common for all items of this report):

Importance, understood as the significance degree, the role that the concept of SH and each
field or component has, from the human being's vision to face both fully individual and social
realization.

Feasibility, understood as the possibility of being executed, as much by governments as by the
society and private organizations

Acceptability, understood in this particular vision likely as an evaluation on the degree in what
the political leadership and the public organisms would accept that these criteria of SH are the
pillars of the evaluations and audits, as much technical as the society’s in democratic systems.
Importance
5 – fundamental
4 - very important
3 - important
2 - less important
1 - without importance
Feasibility
5 - very feasible
4 - feasible
3 - less feasible
2 – unacceptable feasible
1 - not feasible
Acceptability
5 - very acceptable
4 - acceptable
3 - acceptable with reserve
2 - less acceptable
1 - almost unacceptable
Section 3 was reserved for a first advance on indicators. The rich material obtained from
their answers, will be incorporated to the HS Second Round, next to be distributed, in
which one of the focuses will be, in fact, the development of those indicators.
In this first round have participated. 77 respondents of different countries of the region. We
thank all of them a lot for their contributions and comments that have been very valuable.
List of respondents and the corresponding statistics will be agree to final report (December
2003).
In this report we have combined results of Sections 1, 2 and 4, in such a way to rescue
most important issues of this first round. Next, we’ve summarized the results that have been
processed by EyE research team, to whom we thank for their dedication and effort.
Of course, these report are open to suggestions, comments and contributions of everyone
who takes notice of this report. We will be waiting for it
Where to communicate, and how:
Our web site: www.esyes.com.ar (It is new, and under construction yet)
E-mails: erbalbi@fibertel.com.ar
nhcarba@fibertel.com.ar
Buenos Aires, September 2003
Eduardo Raúl Balbi
President, EyE
Latin American Node MP AC/UNU
Néstor Hugo Carballido
Director
Buenos Aires Subnode MP
FIRST PART:
LOOKING FOR A DEFINITION OF HUMAN SECURITY
1. Work definition and other proposals Analysis of the Human Security Commission,
United Nations (HSC-ONU)
Definition of the HSC-ONU (work Definition)
The objective of human security is to safeguard the vital core of all human lives from
critical pervasive threats, in a way that is consistent with long-term human fulfillment.
.
1.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments / type of answers
Quantity
% of answers to % of the total
the item
respondents
Totally of agreement
8
10,66
10,66
Partially of agreement
23
30,66
30,66
It is considered restrictive
5
6,66
6,66
It is considered not too much
11
14,66
14,66
appropriate
In complete disagreement
9
12
12
No further comments
19
25,33
25,33
1.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº
Evaluated item
Average
importance
1 Definition of Human
4,49
Security of HSC-ONU
Average
feasibility
3,68
Average
Percentage of
acceptability participation
3,66
90,67
1.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 it is an objective other than a definition
 the concept of “center core” is not clearly defined
 they are not defined neither well known what are those “critical and dominant threats”
 they are not defined the attributes and essential characteristics of the concept “human
security”
 it is necessary to adjust in order to give the definition a bigger universality and not to
leave it so restricted to the critical aspects of the definition.
1.4. Key words merging with more frequency, or clearly argued:
 sustainable conditions
 full realization

human life
1.5. Alternate phrasing to the work definition, considered by the HSC-ONU
Work documents of HSC-ONU present five alternate phrasing or minimum modifications
to the definition considered above. We believed important to submit these alternate
phrasing to the respondents' opinion. The results were:
Alternate phrasing to the work definition, considered by the HSC-ONU. Alternate phrasings
of this definition include:
1. The objective of human security is to protect the vital core of all human lives. (instead of protect:
shield, guarantee, defend, maintain, uphold, preserve, secure, safeguard, ensure that…are
shielded)
2. The objective of human security is to protect the vital core of all human lives from critical
pervasive threats in a way that is consistent with long-term human fulfillment. (initial definition
was this)
3. The objective of human security is to guarantee a set of vital rights and freedoms to all people,
without unduly compromising their ability to pursue other goals.
4. The objective of human security is to create political, economic, social, cultural, and
environmental conditions in which people live knowing that their vital rights and freedoms are
secure.
5. The objective of human security is to keep critical pervasive threats from invading the vital core
of human lives.
1.5.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments / type of answers
Quantity (it adds all % answers to
of the 5 proposals)
the item
Totally of agreement
21
5,6
Partially of agreement
93
24,8
It is considered restrictive
8
2,13
It is considered not too much
44
11,73
appropriate
It should not be considered any of the
1
0,26
amplifications
No further comments
95
25,33
I don't agree
68
18,13
% of total
respondents
5,6
24,8
2,13
11,73
0,26
25,33
18,13
1.5.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº
Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1
Alternate phrasing Nº 1
3,84
3,49
2
Alternate phrasing Nº 2
3,39
3,78
3
Alternate phrasing Nº 3
4,00
3,74
4
Alternate phrasing Nº 4
4,49
3,51
5
Alternate phrasing Nº 5
3,80
3,54
Average
acceptability
3,53
3,26
3,56
3,73
3,26
Percentage
participation
73,33
72
90,67
94,67
86,67
1.5.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 it should be given
the sustainable political, economic, social, cultural and
environmental conditions
 sustainable future project in justice and equity
 the alternate phrasing N° 4 to the definition is the most accepted one
 it is not clearly defined the scope of the critical pervasive threats
 it must include the demographic growth care because in few years more there will be
very few youths to maintain their adults
 the main objective is the life and its development with dignity
 it cannot be given if it is not based on Human Rights
1.5.4. Key words merging with more frequency, or clearly argued
 sustainable future
 justice
 equity
 sustainable conditions
 appropriate conditions
 life
 dignity
 human rights
1.6. Conclusions regarding the definition of Human Security proposed by the HSCONU and their alternate phrasing






it is an objective other than a definition
concept of “vital core” is not clearly defined
it are not defined neither well known what are those “critical pervasive threats”
it are not defined the attributes and essential characteristics of “human security”
the alternate phrasing N° 4 to the definition is the most accepted one
it must include the demographic growth care because in few years more there will be
very few youths to maintain their adults
 the objective is the life and its development with dignity


it cannot be given if it is not based on Human Rights
it must be adjusted to give it a bigger universality and not to leave it so restricted to the
critical aspects of the definition.
2. Analysis of the work definition proposed by EyE
Definition of EyE (December of 2002)
Human security is understood as:
“the framework, the organizational and functional environment in which each individual
can develop itself, to grow, to live with quality, to procreate and to pursue his/hers goals,
in balance with the social, political, economic, cultural and natural context. It is the
scenario that allows the full exercise of freedom within responsibility, and it grants each
individual the possibility to be him/ herself, and at the same time to belong harmoniously to
a society, integrated to the world.”
2.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments / type of answers
Quantity
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not
appropriate
No further comments
In disagreement
too
33
31
2
% answers to
the item
44
41,33
2,66
% total
respondents
44
41,33
2,66
6
3
8
4
8
4
much
2.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº
Evaluated item
Average
importance
1 Definition of Human
4,53
Security of EyE
Average
feasibility
4,07
Average
Percentage
acceptability participation
4,21
97,33
2.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 it must protect the power of the judicial security
 it is the social environment organizational and functional political,..

definition of “security” should be referred to the dynamic notion of a dimension that
should be repeatedly calculated within individual, group and or society processes of
decision as a whole
 the HS takes charge of safeguarding the individual from the possible and or potentials
threats.
2.4. Key words merging with more frequency, or clearly argued
 judicial security
 scope
 environment
 reasonable goals
 scenes
 dynamic notion
 safeguard
 threats
2.5. Definition improved with the respondents’ contributions
Human security is:
“the set of circumstances and conditions that offer the organizational and functional
environment social, political, economic, cultural and natural sustainable in which each
individual can develop him / herself, to grow, to live within quality, to procreate in
accordance with the willing demographic growth, to pursue and to achieve his / her
goals in balance with that environment that allows him / her the fully exercise of
freedom within responsibility, and that grants him /her the possibility to be him /
herself, and at the same time to belong harmoniously within a society integrated to the
world.”
Note: Starting from this very moment, it is the EyE adopted definition.
2.6. Conclusions regarding the definition of Human Security proposed by EyE and the
approaches of the respondents’ contributions

The definition of “security” should be referred to the dynamic notion of a dimension
that repeatedly should be calculated within the individual, group, and the society
processes of decision, like a whole

HS takes charge of safeguarding the individual from the possible and or potentials
threats.

HS should protect the power of the judicial security

it is the scenario that should be understood as the place created in such favorable and
capable way that a person can simply live worthily.

This definition contains all the levels of human security: economic, politics, feeding,
health, environmental, personal and community securities.
SECOND PART:
CONSOLIDATION OF ANALYSIS FIELDS OF AND FUNDAMENTAL
CRITERIAS OF HUMAN SECURITY
3. Focuses or issues of interest proposed by the HSC-ONU
3.1. Safeguard
Safeguard
Human security is deliberately protective. It recognizes that people and communities are
fatally threatened by events well beyond their control: a financial crisis, a violent conflict,
AIDS, a national policy that undercuts public and private investments in health care, a
terrorist attack, water shortages, chronic destitution, or pollution in a distant land. Many
threats are far more destructive if they come as a surprise.
3.1.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Quantity
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
1
63
1
% answers to
the items
1,29
81,81
1,29
% total
respondents
1,29
81,81
1,29
11
14,28
14,28
3.1.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº
Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1
Safeguard
3,85
3,49
Average
acceptability
3,79
Percentage
participation
94,67
3.2. Vital Core
Vital Core
Human security is contained in scope. It does not cover all necessary, important, and
profound aspects of human living. Rather, it identifies and protects a limited vital core of
human activities and abilities. These may be variously described by certain fundamental
human rights, basic capabilities, or absolute needs.
3.2.1. Statistical results of open questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
In disagreement
Quantity
2
37
12
% answers to
the items
2,59
48,05
15,58
% total
respondents
2,59
48,05
15,58
11
14,28
14,28
8
5
10,38
6,49
10,38
6,49
3.2.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1
Vital Core
4,01
3,50
Average
acceptability
3,83
Percentage
participation
93,33
3.3. All Human Lives
All Human Lives
Human security is “people-centred”; it focuses the attention of institutions on human
individuals and their communities worldwide. This emphasis on human beings
distinguishes human security from the objective of protecting state territories that
dominated security policies in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
3.3.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
In disagreement
Quantity
10
48
% answers to
the items
12,98
12,98
% total
respondents
12,98
12,98
2
4
10
1
2,59
5,19
12,98
1,29
2,59
5,19
12,98
1,29
Average
acceptability
4,01
Percentage
participation
93,33
3.3.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº
Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1
All Human Lives
4,58
4,03
3.4. Critical and Pervasive Threats
Critical and Pervasive Threats
The focus of human security is squarely on human lives. But in order to protect human
lives effectively, actors must deliberately identify and prepare for distinct threats. Threats to
human security are critical – that is, they threaten to cut into the core activities and
functions of human lives. Such threats may be sudden – as in economic collapse – but they
need not be, for what defines a threat as critical is its tragic depth rather than its
suddenness.
Furthermore, the threats are pervasive – meaning (i) the threat is large scale (within the
population under consideration; what is large scale will differ for local vs. international
institutions); and/or the threat may come again and again over time; it is not an anomalous
event for which strategic preparation is impossible. Of course pervasive threats may not
occur ‘en mass’; a man may be incapacitated by a work accident, or by a wild animal; his
family may live henceforth in penury. This may seem to be an isolated rather than
pervasive incident, yet it is multiplied millions of times over, making health insecurity
qualify as a pervasive threat.
3.4.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
Quantity
11
50
% answers to
the items
14,28
64,93
% total
respondents
14,28
64,93
7
9,09
9,09
7
9,09
9,09
Average
acceptability
3,34
Percentage
participation
93,33
3.4.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº
Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1
Critical and Pervasive
4,26
3,50
Threats
3.5. Human Fulfilment
Human Fulfilment
Human security focuses on a limited core of individual activities and abilities, on a minimal
subset of human development and human rights.
It is not sufficient for human fulfilment or flourishing, which is the ongoing process of
seeking and realizing values by people in groups and communities. It would, therefore, be
unfortunate or even tragic if institutions aiming to achieve human security were to
accomplish their objective in such a way that undermined people’s ability to be fulfilled
and enjoy a far greater range of freedoms.
People’s lives must not only be protected per se; they must be protected in a manner that is
consistent with their long-term good.
The importance of processes – of governance, of participation, of transparency, of capacitybuilding and institution-building – can hardly be overestimated. The appropriate way to
effect this consistency between protection and longer term development will vary.
Rudimentary poverty programs may attend to wider goals simply by encouraging deep
participation; refugee camps may teach transferable vocational skills or may be sited where
they will not degrade the local environment. In some places dangers, climate, or the rhythm
of grief may be such that longer term considerations should be set aside for awhile. But
they should not ever fall entirely from view.
3.5.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
Quantity
10
50
3
% answers to
the items
12,98
64,93
3,89
% total
respondents
12,98
64,93
3,89
2
2,59
2,59
10
12,98
12,98
Average
acceptability
3,54
Percentage
participation
93,33
3.5.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1
Human Fulfilment
4,43
3,49
3.6. Synthesis of the most important comments (five focuses are analyzed)
 safeguard is a protective concept
 vital core is a restrictive concept
 the concept of vital core is not understood. It should be more concrete
 all human lives is an anthropocentric concept that should prevail
 all human lives must focuses the attention of the institutions in human beings, their
communities, the rest of all species alive and the sustainable vital environment
worldwide
 in all human lives as a topic, the question lies in achieving the balance between the
fundamental human necessities and those of the communities as groups, spreading in
long-term toward a global human community..
 he concept of critical pervasive threats is confuse and diffuse. It lacks precision,
 what defines a threat as critical is its tragic depth rather than its suddenness.
 critical pervasive threats must be defined in its origin or causes
 for critical pervasive threats is important to develop contingency plans toward them
 human fulfillment: the long last paragraph, is nearest the definition of EyE than to the
focus of the CSHONU. Mainly, because it analyzes the complete operation of a
complex system so that humans being can develop by themselves
 it would be unfortunate or even tragic, if institutions undermined the ability of people
fulfillment and/or enjoy a bigger range of freedoms
 the human fulfillment is closely linked with an depend on individuals’ success
3.7. Key words merging with more frequency, or clearly argued
 safeguard = anticipation and prevention
 safeguard = of changing the expression “free competition” for “division and rational
cooperation of the work”
 vital core = it should be replaced by vital environment
 vital core = extensive concept although not very precise. It is necessary to enumerate
their principles and who is the responsible fellow to protect it
 all human lives = essential anthropocentric concept
 all human lives = mutually binding concept, no an individualist one
 all human lives = developing in a sustainable vital environment
 all human lives = balance
 critical pervasive threats = phenomenon suddenness
 critical pervasive threats = manipulation of the balance in biotechnology
 critical pervasive threats = its tragic depth rather than its suddenness
 critical pervasive threats = it must be defined on its causes
 human fulfillment = insertion in an equal society
 human fulfillment = to handle within transparency and honesty
 human fulfillment = quality of life
3.8. Conclusions regarding the focuses of the Human Security proposed by HSC-ONU
and the respondent’s approaches contributions

It is essential to be focused as an “anthropocentric- centered” issued

What defines critical pervasive threats is its tragic depth rather than its suddenness and
its causes must be identified in order to identify its dominance and power to develop
contingency plans to face them.

Human fulfillment: the long last paragraph, is nearest the definition of EyE than to the
focus of the CSHONU. Mainly, because it analyzes the complete operation of a
complex system so that humans being can develop by themselves

it would be unfortunate or even tragic, if institutions undermined the ability of people
fulfillment and/or enjoy a bigger range of freedoms

The human fulfillment is closely linked with an depend on individuals’ success
4. Analysis of fields proposed by EyE
4.1. Environmental security
Environmental security, understood as the balance among the actions that the human
beings carry out against the environment and how they use the natural resources and vice
versa, linking the diagnosis on the present with the objectives on the future.
4.1.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Quantity
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
7
58
% answers to
the items
9,09
75,32
% total
respondents
9,09
75,32
10
12,98
12,98
4.1.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1 Environmental security
4,78
3,96
Average
acceptability
4,15
Percentage
participation
96,00
4.1.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 Environmental security includes three factors or analysis fields: balance of the man's
actions on the nature; the uses of what the nature provides him, and handling how the
nature impacts on the man
4.1.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 environmental security = balance of actions between the human beings and the nature
 environmental security = how human beings use the natural resources
 environmental security = how the nature impacts on human beings
 environmental security = maintenance and sustainability in the regeneration of the
resources
4.2. Social security
Social security, understood as the dynamic and functional scenario to which all human
beings should wish for health, well-being, feeding, basic necessities satisfaction, protection,
friendly social environment, neither exclusions nor rejections of any type.
4.2.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
Quantity
17
48
% answers to
the items
22,07
62,33
% total
respondents
22,07
62,33
1
1,99
1,99
9
11,68
11,68
Average
acceptability
3,88
Percentage
participation
96,00
4.2.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1 Social security
4,39
3,81
4.2.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 The dimension “social security” should be replaced for “basic necessities”
4.2.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 social security = basic necessities
4.3. Cultural security
Cultural security, understood as the possibility to access to formal education and
continuous training, and also the transmission and respect of cultural characteristics of the
communities and inheritance relationships, as bases of identity and ownership, in balance
with the universality of the global world in were we live.
4.3.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
Quantity
6
48
% answers to
the items
7,79
62,33
% total
respondents
7,79
62,33
21
27,27
27,27
Average
acceptability
4,00
Percentage
participation
96,00
4.3.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Nº Evaluated item
Average
Average
importance
feasibility
1 The cultural security
3,97
3,68
4.3.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 Cultural security has to do with the possibility to access to formal education and
continuous training, with the transmission and cultural respect for different
communities, within the identity and ownership in a global world and the vital
environment in were we live.
4.3.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 cultural security = new cooperation paradigms
 cultural security = access to formal education and continuous training
 cultural security = preservation of traditions
 cultural security = preservation of the identity and sense of ownership
 cultural security = cultural and religious issues
4.4. Economic and financial security
Economic and financial security, understood as the possibility of achieving the vital
development based on the work, the trade and other licit activities, and the economic and
financial stability that allow the human beings to project their expectations in the long-term,
without uncertainties neither frights. It includes the sustained tendency to achieve a
sustainable development, over the economic growth, and the right and respect to private
property and the exercise of their abilities in freedom.
4.4.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Quantity
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
16
50
% answers to
% total
the items
respondents
20,77
20,77
64,93
64,93
1
1,29
1,29
8
10,38
10,38
4.4.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Evaluated item
Average
Average
Nº
importance
feasibility
1 Economic and financial
4,11
3,51
security
Average
Percentage
acceptability participation
3,76
96,00
4.4.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 In Latin America means that to have a work, more than a right, is a luxury too difficult
to accede
 The capitalism with social judicial criteria has been abandoned and has put an end to
the markets security in order to serve as a democratic mean to create value.
 It must include the vital and sustainable development based on work and labour
opportunities, trade and licit activities projected to the long-term
 It would be worthwhile to include the necessity to conform supra nationals institutions
that help to avoid the occurrence of financial crisis generated by speculative attacks
 It must be included the “sustainable development” as an overcome concept of
“economic growth.”
4.4.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 economic and financial security = the right of private property
 economic and financial security = the right to work and to accede to
opportunities
labour
4.5. Physical security and defence
Physical security and defence, understood as the full exercise of the responsibilities of the
State in the use of the monopoly of the force, to guarantee likely the internal and daily life
of the communities, as in relation to the international and global threats that can put in
danger the physical, patrimonial and cultural security of the citizens.
4.5.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Quantity
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
24
38
% answers to
% total
the items
respondents
31,16
31,16
49,35
49,35
1
1,29
1,29
12
15,58
15,58
4.5.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Evaluated item
Average
Average
Nº
importance
feasibility
1 Physical security and e
4,38
3,56
defence
Average
Percentage
acceptability participation
3,93
96,00
4.5.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 Last part of the definition must be replaced in the following way:” ...the international
and global threats that can put in danger the personal and patrimonial securities and the
lifestyle of the citizens.”
4.5.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 physical security and defence = protection and preservation form the global threats
 physical security and defence = preservation from the internal threats
 physical security and defence = full exercise of the responsibilities of the State in the
use of the monopoly of the force
4.6. Judicial and normative security
Judicial and normative security, understood as a system of clear, stable, applicable and
appropriate game rules in accordance with the necessities and aspirations of the
community, and the full application in their scopes, with appropriate systems of prizes and
punishments, taking in account a concrete respect to the individual and community
freedoms, framed in the limits of the responsibility of the private and public, single and
collective acts.
4.6.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Quantity
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
7
59
9
4.6.2. Statistical results of closed questions
Evaluated item
Average
Average
Nº
importance
feasibility
1 Judicial and normative
4,44
3,36
security
% answers to
% total
the items
respondents
9,09
9,09
76,62
76,62
11,68
11,68
Average
Percentage
acceptability participation
3,44
96,00
4.6.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 It must be understood as a concrete respect to the individual and community freedoms,
framed in the limits of the responsibility of the private and public, single and collective
acts.
4.6.4. Words key appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 judicial and normative security = systems of prizes and punishments
 judicial and normative security = clear game rules
4.7. Scientific and technological security
Scientific and technological security, understood as the possibility to make the biggest
use of the results of the scientific investigation and the technological invention, always
applied to the improvement of the quality of the individuals' life, in total harmony with the
environment (the planet) and the other alive species. This field cannot be conceived without
an ethical framework in the sustainable evolution of S&T.
4.7.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
Quantity
25
41
% answers to
% total
the items
respondents
32,46
32,46
53,24
53,24
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
9
4.7.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Evaluated item
Average
Average
Nº
importance
feasibility
1 Scientific and
4,39
3,39
technological security
11,68
11,68
Average
Percentage
acceptability participation
3,79
96,00
4.7.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 it should be supported on ethical basis avoiding the undue use of the knowledge, to
improve the quality of life
4.7.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 scientific and technological security = governed by ethical basis
 scientific and technological security = quality of life
 scientific and technological security = harmony with the sustainable and vital
environment
 scientific and technological security = good use of the R&D
 scientific and technological security = forms of transference of technology
4.8. Functional security
Functional security, understood as the complete harmonic, balanced, fair and equitable
functioning of the social life, without gender exclusion, in order to guarantee the free
competition, to consecrate the recognition of the best in their fields, and to generate systems
of benefits and guided considerations, based on equity and ethics.
4.8.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
Quantity
25
40
10
4.8.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Evaluated item
Average
Average
Nº
importance
feasibility
1 Functional security
3,86
3,50
% answers
% total
to the items respondents
32,46
32,46
51,94
51,94
12,98
12,98
Average
Percentage
acceptability participation
3,23
96,00
4.8.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 It must be replaced the concept of “free competition” that many times it generates the
inequality, by this one of “work division and rational co-operation”
 It must be part of the concept of social security
4.8.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 functional security = justness, equality and ethics
4.9. Possibility of freedom exercise with responsibility
Possibility of freedom exercise with responsibility, understood as the exemplary
individual behaviour, with the biggest freedoms, but in permanent respect toward the other
ones and the established social rules.
4.9.1. Statistical results of “open” questions
Arguments/type of answers
Quantity
Totally of agreement
Partially of agreement
It is considered restrictive
It is considered not too much appropriate
It is considered ambiguous
It is considered as a “value”
No further comments
24
39
12
% answers to
% total
the items
respondents
31,16
31,16
50,64
50,64
15,58
15,58
4.9.2. Statistical results of “closed” questions
Evaluated item
Average
Average
Average
Percentage
Nº
importance feasibility acceptability participation
1 Possibility of freedom
4,46
3,66
3,94
96,00
exercise with responsibility
4.9.3. Synthesis of the most important comments
 Possibility of the exercise of freedom with responsibility is equivalent to say that my
freedom finishes where that of my fellow man begins
4.9.4. Key words appeared with more frequency, or clearly argued
 Possibility of freedom exercise with responsibility = exemplary individual behaviour
 Possibility of freedom exercise with responsibility = permanent respect toward the rest
of human beings
4.10. Synthesis of the respondents’ proposals, in terms of other fields to be included
and/or proposals of modifications to those presented












Security and defence, avoiding the risk of delegating the monopoly of the use of the
force fully in the governments because they can fall in fanaticism.
Manipulation of the bad intentioned information is so paralysing as a terrorist
attack.
To create a social ethics of contention by means of education with deep roots in
universal principles
The right to the security must allow the access for all human being to it in order to
participate in decision making process to definite if security must be in hands of the
State or of private enterprises.
World security, for the implementation of measures to face threats that can be suffered
by the whole planet
Labour security for the physical and mental security in all labour activities
Customer security to guarantee that we obtain what we acquire, exactly with
registered products that fulfil the established norms.
Civic security to accomplish the rules and norms what all human being is forced to, in
the social environment in which he lives
Security in health to achieve the balanced functioning of the centres of health with
quality and assistance warmth
Political security to the respect to the HHRR, to the transitions of political regimes
toward the democracy, to the phenomenon of state repression, to the coexistence and the
social actors' ideological tolerance and to the freedom of expression.
International judicial and normative security contributing to the people’s security,
avoiding the retrenchment of sovereignty and/or self-determination
Security from personal behaviour to qualify each individual in protecting from
accidental events or of repeated occurrence.
NOTES:
1. The entirety of these proposals, for their importance, will be analysed in Round 2 looking
for a general point of view in contribution to the definition of the Indicators.
2. Nevertheless, these contributions have been incorporated in the conclusions of this
Report.
5. Consolidated synthesis of the fields of analysis of human security and their main
goals and objectives
In the following forms, we have tried to gather, to synthesize and to group the respondents’
diverse opinions, incorporating for each one of the resulting fields of analysis, the main
goals and objectives that should be pursued in each one of them.
FIELDS OF ANALYSIS
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Environmental security, understood as the

balance among the actions that the human beings
carry out against the environment and how they
use the natural resources and vice versa, linking 
the diagnosis on the present with the objectives
on the future



Social security, understood as the dynamic and

functional scenario to which all human beings
should wish for health, well-being, feeding, basic 
needs fulfillment, protection, friendly social
environment, neither exclusions nor rejections of
any type.


Cultural security, understood as the possibility to 
access to formal education and continuous
training, and also the transmission and respect of
cultural characteristics of the communities and

inheritance relationships, as bases of identity and
ownership, in balance with the universality of the
global world in were we live.



To balance the interactions of the individuals
and the communities with the vital
environment in which live
To stimulate the maintenance and lasting of
the renewable natural resources
To educate in the rational use of the non
renewable natural resources
To penalize the pernicious deviations
severely
To guarantee the hygiene and environmental
reparation in the labor area
To recompose the social security system that
is collapsed at the moment
To facilitate in an equal and solidarity way
the individual's and of the communities
access to the social security system
To satisfy in an equal and solidarity way the
basic necessities of the individuals and the
communities
To guarantee the quality and assistance
warmth in the centers of healthcare
To generate new paradigms of regional,
national, provincial and municipal
cooperation
To establish the conditions for the equal and
solidarity access of individuals and
communities to the public education in all its
levels
To encourage and to promote in an equal and
solidarity way the formal and continuous
training of individuals and communities
To preserve without exclusions neither
marginality, the traditions, the identity, the
sense of ownership, the culture and the
religious beliefs of the individuals,
communities and ethnicities global, regional,
national, provincial and municipal
To respect the HHRR
FIELDS OF ANALYSIS

Economic and financial security understood
as the possibility of achieving the vital
development based on the work, the trade
and other licit activities, and the economic
and financial stability that allow the human
beings to project their expectations in the
long-term, without uncertainties neither
frights. It includes the sustained tendency to
achieve a sustainable development, over the
economic growth, and the right and respect
to private property and the exercise of their
abilities in freedom







Physical security and defense, understood as
the full exercise of the responsibilities of the
State in the use of the monopoly of the force,
to guarantee likely the internal and daily life
of the communities, as in relation to the
international and global threats that can pun
in danger the physical, patrimonial and

cultural security of the citizens


GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
To respect the right to the private
property of the individuals and of the
community
To guarantee in an equal and solidarity
way the right to the work and to the
demand and upward labor mobility
To encourage the markets to serve as an
equal and solidary mean to create value
To contribute to the vital and sustainable
development, the trade and the licit
activities
To prevent and to avoid the pernicious
effects of the economic and financial
crises and the speculative and corrupt
acts
To guarantee in the labor environment
the physical, industrial, environmental
and psychophysical securities in all the
activities
To guarantee the consumer's rights and
the execution of the norms of quality of
the products and transables goods
Early warning, to protect and to prevent
of and from the internal, regional and
global threats that can put in danger the
personal and patrimonial security and the
lifestyle of the individuals and the
communities in the vital environment in
which they live
The rational use of the monopoly of the
exercise and employment of the force
To participate democratically by means
of the community representatives, in the
decisions making process on security
and defense
To qualify each individual to protect
him/ herself of accidental events or of
repeated occurrence
FIELDS OF ANALYSIS
Judicial and normative security, understood
as a system of clear, stable, applicable and
appropriate game rules in accordance with
the necessities and aspirations of the
community, and the full application in their
scopes, with appropriate systems of prizes
and punishments, taking in account a
concrete respect to the individual and
community freedoms, framed in the limits of
the responsibility of the private and public,
single and collective acts







Scientific and technological security,
understood as the possibility to make the
biggest use of the results of the scientific
investigation and technological invention,

always applied to the improvement of the
quality of the individuals’ life, in total
harmony with the environment (the planet)
and the other alive species. This field cannot
be conceived without an ethical framework 
in the sustainable evolution of S&T
Functional security, understood as the

complete harmonic, balanced, fair and
equitable functioning of the social life,
without gender exclusion, in order to
guarantee the free competition, to consecrate 
the recognition of the best in their field of
knowledge and/or activity, and to generate
systems of benefits and guided

considerations, based on equity and ethics.
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
To reestablish the equity judicial security
To articulate and to materialize the
respect to the individual and the
community freedoms
To establish the limits of responsibility
of the private and public, single and
collective acts
To establish and to apply an equitable
and equal system of prizes and
punishments
To explicit, to articulate and to make
fulfill the effective normative plexus with
clear game rules
To avoid the retrenchment of the
sovereignty and of the self-determination
of the countries
To regulate and to control the good use
of the scientific and technological R&D
on ethical bases universally grateful and
accepted
To tend to the improvement of the
quality of the individuals' life and the
communities in balance and harmony
with the sustainable vital environment in
which they live
To establish agreements bi or
multilateral of technology transference
after diminishing the current breach
among developed countries and countries
in development
To guarantee its validity and universal
application with equality, justness and
ethical bases universally grateful and
accepted
To encourage and to motivate the
division and rational cooperation of the
work
Interact directly with social security
FIELDS OF ANALYSIS

Possibility of freedom exercise with
responsibility, understood as the exemplary
individual behavior, with the biggest
freedoms, but in permanent respect toward
the other ones and the established social
rules.



Manipulation of the information, understood
as the worst handling of the information
whose effects are of paralyzing and/or of

shock, and/or the omission of information
with the pernicious effect of the
misinformation and the widespread

bewilderment
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
To educate and to give the example in
the actions that tends to demonstrate
ostensibly that each individual's
freedoms finish where those of their
fellow man begin, in the interaction of
rational balance with the vital
environment in the one that they live
To reward the individual and community
exemplary behavior
To respect to the rest of the components
of the vital environment in which they
live
To avoid and/or to penalize the
tendentious and malicious diffusion of
public information
To avoid and/or to penalize the
tendentious and malicious concealment
of the public information
To demand in all the cases the
responsible editor's public identification
THIRD PART:
SUGGESTIONS ON POLICIES, STRATEGIES AND / OR ACTIONS TO
DEVELOP TO CONSOLIDATE THE WANTED SCENARIO OF HUMAN
SECURITY.
.
1. POLICIES

















Creation of the sustainable political, economic, social, cultural and environmental
conditions for individuals and the community
The individual's protection and the community carrying out all the efforts for the
identification, alert and prevention of the critical pervasive threats
Achieving the singular and community fully realization and that one of their descendant
through the short, medium and long-term
Searching the balance of the individual's interaction and the community with the vital
environment in what they live
Access without marginality neither exclusions to healthcare
Access without marginality neither exclusions to general well-being
Access without marginality neither exclusions to the feeding with a balanced diet
Access without marginality neither exclusions to the fulfillment of the basic needs
Access without marginality neither exclusions to the fully security
Access without marginality neither exclusions to the education and continuous training
Conservation, transmission and respect for the cultural aspects that are characteristics of
the communities and ethnics
Stimulation of the identity and of the sense of national, regional and local ownership
Generation of the conditions on political, economic, social, cultural stability and
sustainable development based on the work, the trade, the respect to the private property
and other licit activities.
The rational use of the rights to access to health, education, security and equitable
justice
Controlling the scientific and technological developments that are ethical, that improve
the quality of life and that don't affect the sustainable development of the vital
environment negatively in which they live
Recognition to the best in his/her field of action for his/her exemplary acting generating
systems of benefits and guided considerations based on the justness and the ethics
Punishing for not to accomplish the legal norms and uses and grateful and effective
social customs
2.












3.










STRATEGIES
To center the focus of attention in the human being
To achieve the full realization and the human being's satisfaction in the vital
environment in where he/she lives
To identify the causes of the critical pervasive threats.
To alert about the probability of occurrence of the critical pervasive threats
To prevent the effects of the critical pervasive threats
To educate the individual and the community in the environmental security
To recompose the social security system
To preserve the cultural wealth and the traditions
To generate the conditions so that the individuals and the communities can project in
freedom their long-term expectations
To assume in fullness the undelegable responsibilities of the state
To provide the necessary resources to assist the requirements of R&D
To articulate the systems of prizes and punishments
ACTIONS
To restructure the public and private organisms to create the sustainable political,
economic, social, cultural and environmental conditions
To implement the regional, national, provincial or municipal organisms of prevention
and attendance regarding critical pervasive threats.
To implement plans of environmental security in all the levels of the educational system
To accomplish and to make it accomplish the Obligatory Medical Plan (OMP) in the
public health system
To guarantee the creation of sources of worthy and genuine work for the achievement
from no restriction access to the well-being, to the feeding with a balanced diet and to
the fulfillment of the basic needs
To guarantee the judicial security without exclusions, to facilitate the equitable access
to the security, the health, the education and the justice
To encourage the maintenance of the traditions, uses, customs, language, identity and
national, regional, provincial, local ownership and of ethnic minorities
To create, to maintain and to increase the conditions of stability that make foregone the
individual and collective projections to short, medium and long-term.
To control and to avoid the deviations opposed to the ethical principles that should
govern the activities of R&D in science and technology.
To implement the actions of prizes and punishments within the effective legal
normative, recognizing and stimulating the best in each field of action.
TABLE OF PRIORITIES
IMPORTANCE
Environmental security
Human lives
EyE Definition
CSHONU Definition
Alternate phrasing 4
CSHONU definition
%
4,78
4,58
4,53
4,49
4,49
FEASIBILITY
EyE Definition
Human lives
Environmental security
Social security
Alternate phrasing 2
CSHONU definition
%
4,07
4,03
3,96
3,81
3,78
ACCEPTABILITY
EyE Definition
Environmental security
Human lives
Cultural security
Possibility of the
freedom exercise with
responsibility
Physical security and
defense
%
4,21
4,15
4,01
4,00
3,94
Possibility of the freedom
exercise with
responsibility
Judicial and normative
security
Human fulfillment
Social security
4,46
Alternate phrasing 3
CSHONU definition
3,74
4,44
CSHONU Definition
3,68
Social security
3,88
4,43
4,39
3,68
3,66
Vital core
Safeguard
3,83
3,79
3,56
Scientific and
technological security
Economic and financial
security
Alternate phrasing 4
CSHONU definition
CSHONU definition
3,79
4,01
Cultural security
Possibility of the freedom
exercise with
responsibility
Physical security and
defense
Alternate phrasing 5
CSHONU definition
Alternate phrasing 4
CSHONU definition
Economic and financial
security
Critical pervasive threats
Scientific and
technological security
Physical security and
defense
Critical pervasive threats
4,39
Economic and financial
security
Vital core
4,11
3,56
Alternate phrasing 3
CSHONU definition
Cultural security
4,00
Vital core
3,50
Alternate phrasing 3
CSHONU definition
Human fulfillment
3,97
Functional security
3,50
3,53
Functional security
3,86
Human fulfillment
3,49
Safeguard
Alternate phrasing 1
CSHONU definition
Alternate phrasing 5
CSHONU definition
Alternate phrasing 2
CSHONU definition
3,85
3,84
Safeguard
Alternate phrasing 1
CSHONU definition
Scientific and
technological security
Judicial and normative
security
3,49
3,49
Alternate phrasing 1
CSHONU definition
Judicial and normative
security
Critical pervasive threats
Alternate phrasing 2
CSHONU definition
Alternate phrasing 5
CSHONU definition
Functional security
4,38
4,26
3,80
3,39
3,54
3,51
3,51
3,50
3,39
3,36
Buenos Aires, September of 2003
Copyright by EyE, Scenarios and Strategy,
Latin American Node of the Project Millennium
3,93
3,76
3,73
3,66
3,54
3,44
3,34
3,26
3,26
3,23