Community assembly alters colonization responses to top predator
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Appendix S1. Repeated measures analysis of a 2 x 2 factorial experiment examining the
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effects of assembly and fish on colonization over time.
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Because colonization and oviposition events are often pulsed in nature, explicitly
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including temporal pulses will lead to a better understanding of when habitat selection is
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important and how it affects assembling communities. To examine the independent and
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combined effects of fish, assembly and time on raw counts of colonists over the
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experiment, we used a repeated measures GLMM analysis. The error distribution for
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“Time” was modeled as either compound symmetric or autoregressive (time lag = 1
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sample date), depending on fit.
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The colonization and oviposition rates of all taxa changed over the experiment
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(rm GLMM, fish x time, Table S1, Fig. S1). Time also affected the response of most taxa
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to fish over the experiment. The preference of hydrophilid adults for colonizing fishless
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pools varied through time over a range of 0.9 times to 2.4 times the rate of fish pools.
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Hyla’s response to fish also varied greatly with time, but also with assembly treatment.
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Culex completely cease to oviposit in any experimental pools after several collection
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dates, and chironomids became more attracted to fish pools as time passed. Time only
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influenced the response of two taxa to assembly. The attraction of both Hyla and
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chironomids to reduced assembly pools depended on sample period. Finally, for Hyla, the
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effect of assembly on the oviposition/colonization responses to fish changed over time
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(rm GLMM, fish x assembly x time, Table S1).
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Community assembly alters colonization responses to top predator
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Table S1. Repeated measures GLMM statistical output for colonization/oviposition rates over the experiment. Estimates of F statistics
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are analogous to type 3 SS in ANOVA. Data include chironomid and Culex egg masses, dytiscid and hydrophilid adults and
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individual Hyla eggs. Significant effects for each taxa are in bold.
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Common taxa
Effects
df
Chironomidae
F
P
df
Culicidae
F
P
df
Dytiscidae
F
P
df
Hydrophilidae
F
P
Hylidae
df
F
P
Assembly
1,28
6.35
0.018
1,28
0.26
0.615
1,28
7.90
0.009
1,28
12.16
0.002
1,28
0.20
0.660
Fish
1,28
81.61
<0.001
1,28
2.07
0.161
1,28
14.96
<0.001
1,28
7.54
0.010
1,28
0.45
0.507
Time
12,336
54.09
<0.001
11,308
54.92
<0.001
11,308
76.80
<0.001
10,280
82.06
<0.001
21,588
16.52
<0.001
AxF
1,28
0.03
0.868
1,28
0.77
0.389
1,28
7.89
0.009
1,28
1.44
0.233
1,28
1.89
0.180
AxT
12,336
2.30
0.008
11,308
0.34
0.977
11,308
1.03
0.418
10,280
0.50
0.891
21,588
2.11
0.003
FxT
12,336
4.04
<0.001
11,308
3.39
<0.001
11,308
1.67
0.079
10,280
2.68
0.004
21,588
2.04
0.004
AxFxT
12,336
1.54
0.106
11,308
0.21
0.997
11,308
1.42
0.163
10,280
0.76
0.671
21,588
2.75
<0.001
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Community assembly alters colonization responses to top predator
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Figure S1. Change in oviposition and colonization response to fish and assembling
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aquatic community in pools during the experiment. Mean count pool-1 date-1 ± s.e. for, a)
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chironomid egg masses, b) Culex egg rafts, c) adult dytiscid beetles, d) adult hydrophilid
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beetles, e) Hyla eggs. N = 8. * = P < 0.05, ** = P < 0.01, *** = P < 0.001.
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Community assembly alters colonization responses to top predator
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Figure S1.
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