G53.1500: COMPARATIVE POLITICS
SPRING 2012
Instructor:
Asli Peker
Office Hours: TBA
19 W4th Street, Rm. 215
ap447@nyu.edu
Teaching Asst:
Parashar Kulkarni
Office Hours: TBA
19 W4th Street, Rm. 421
pvk209@nyu.edu
This course is an introduction to comparative politics for master’s students,
examining the purpose and methodology of comparative inquiry. Designed to
introduce students to the study of comparative politics and to assist them in
developing research topics and strategies, the course surveys a range of
methodological approaches and explores key themes through the critical reading and
discussion of classic and contemporary works.
Requirements:
1. Responses to the reading. 15% of the grade.
For five of the weeks of the course each participant is expected to write a short
response to the week's readings or a subset of the readings. Responses could include a
brief discussion of the reading material, connections, differences and similarities
among the various pieces, their relative weaknesses and strengths, and questions for
discussion. Responses should be no more than one single-spaced page. They should
be sent by email to the T.A. no later than noon on Tuesday before class. Responses
submitted after the relevant class will be downgraded.
2. Participation in class and recitation sessions. 15% of the grade.
Students are expected to do the readings for each class in advance and to participate
in the class discussions regularly.
3. Writing assignment: 70% of the grade.
A research paper (20-25 double-spaced pages) that explores one of the themes of the
course using a single case study or a comparative framework. The paper is due on
May 8th and worth 70% of the final grade. Students are required to meet with the
instructor or the TA to discuss their paper topics. They are also required to submit an
outline of their paper on February 27th, via e-mail to the TA and Professor.
Course Materials:
1) # Online articles (Available through JSTOR, Project Muse or Proquest)
2) @ Course Pack
3) No required books are assigned for this course. Recommended books:
* Mark I. Lichbach and Alan S. Zuckerman. 2009. Comparative Politics: Rationality,
Culture and Structure (Second Edition)
** D.Marsh and G. Stoker eds. 2010. Theory and Methods in Political Science.
COURSE OUTLINE
Week I. Introduction (1/24):
No readings assigned for the class. Please do the following readings for the first
meeting of the recitation:
@ Gerardo L Munck, “The Past and Present of Comparative Politics”, in G. L.
Munck and R. Snyder, Passion, Craft and Method in Comparative Politics
@ Richard Snyder, “The Human Dimension of Comparative Research,” in G. L.
Munck and R. Snyder, Passion, Craft and Method in Comparative Politics
PART I: DEFINING THE FIELD: CONCEPTS, METHODS, AND CONTROVERSIES
Week II. Compare how, what and why? (1/31)
@ Jonathan Hopkin. “The Comparative Method” in Theory and Methods in Political
Science, Marsh and Stoker eds.
# John Stuart Mill. 1846. A System of Logic. Book 3, Chp.8 and Chp. 10
http://oll.libertyfund.org/?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=show.php%3Ftitle=246&c
hapter=39845&layout=html&Itemid=27
# Arend Lijphart. Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method.
American Political Science Review LXV: 3 (September 1971): 682-693. (JSTOR)
# Giovanni Sartori. Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics. American
Political Science Review LXIV (4), (December 1970): 1033-53. (JSTOR)
# Robert H. Bates, From Case Studies to Social Science: A Strategy for Political
Research, in The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics
http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/oso/private/content/oho_politics/9780199566020/p
021.html#oxfordhb-9780199566020-chapter-7
Week III: Methodological Disputes (2/7)
@ A. Vromen, “Debating Methods: Qualitative Approaches” in in Theory and
Methods in Political Science, Marsh and Stoker eds.
@ P. John, “Quantitative Methods” in Theory and Methods in Political Science,
Marsh and Stoker eds.
#Collier, David and James Mahoney. 1996. “Insights and Pitfalls: Selection Bias in
Qualitative Research.” World Politics, 49:1 (1996), 56-91. (Project Muse)
# Gerring, John, “What is a case study and what is it good for?” American Political
Science Review, May 2004, 98 (2), 341-354. (JSTOR)
# Dvora Yanow. Interpretive Empirical Political Science: What Makes This Not a
Subfield of Qualitative Methods
class.csueastbay.edu/publicadmin/dyanow/QualMeth.pdf
Week IV. Research Traditions in Comparative Politics (2/14)
@Margaret Levi. 2007. A Model, a Method and a Map: Rational Choice Theory in
Comparative Politics. In Lichbach and Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
@Marc Howard Ross. 2007. Culture and Identity in Comparative Political Analysis.
In Lichbach and Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
@Ira Katznelson. 2007. Structure and Configuration in Comparative Politics. In
Lichbach and Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
Week V: Bridging the Gap? The New Institutionalism (2/21)
@ Vivien A. Schmidt, Comparative Institutional Analysis, In The SAGE Handbook
Of Comparative Politics by Todd Landman, Neil Robinson
# Kenneth A. Shepsle. 2005. Rational Choice Institutionalism. Oxford Handbook of
Pol. Sci.
http://scholar.harvard.edu/kshepsle/files/rational_choice_institutionalism_4.5.05.pdf
#Vivien A. Schmidt. 2008. Discursive Institutionalism. Annual Review of Pol. Sci.
http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060606.135342
# Peters, Pierre, King. 2005. The Politics of Path Dependency: Political Conflict in
Historical Institutionalism. Journal of Politics, vol. 67, issue 4, 1275-1300
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2005.00360.x/pdf
Week VI: The Role of Theory in Comparative Politics (2/28)
@Lichbach, Mark. 2009. “Thinking and Working in the Midst of Things” in Mark I.
Lichbach and Alan S. Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
@Zuckerman, Alan S. 2007. “Reformulating Explanatory Standards and Advancing
Theory” in Mark I. Lichbach and Alan S. Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
Movie: The Strange Science of Chaos (To be viewed in class)
Paper Outlines Due By Monday, February 27th. No readings responses for 2/28.
PART II: MAJOR THEMES IN COMPARATIVE POLITICS
Week VII: Defining and Studying the State (3/6)
@Joel S. Migdal. 2007. Researching the State. In Mark I. Lichbach and Alan S.
Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics. Rationality, Culture, and Structure.
@ Theda Skocpol. Bringing the State Back In. In: Bernard E. Brown and Roy C.
Macridis. Eds. Comparative Politics. Notes and Readings. 8th Ed. Belmont et al.:
Wadsworth. (excerpt)
# Mitchell, Timothy. 1991. “The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and
Their Critics.” The American Political Science Review, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 77-96
(JSTOR)
# Peter B. Evans, Predatory, Developmental, and Other Apparatuses: A Comparative
Political Economy Perspective on the Third World State. (springerlink)
# Paul Pierson, The New Politics of the Welfare State, World Politics
Vol. 48, No. 2 (Jan., 1996), pp. 143-179 (JSTOR)
SPRING BREAK --- NO CLASS ON 3/13
Week VIII. State and Revolution (3/20)
@ Jack A. Goldstone, Revolution in The SAGE Handbook Of Comparative
Politics by Todd Landman, Neil Robinson
# Theda Skocpol. France, Russia, China: A Structural Analysis of Social Revolutions
Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 18, No. 2. (Apr., 1976), pp. 175210. (JSTOR)
# Jeff Goodwin, Old Regimes and Revolutions in the Second and Third Worlds: A
Comparative Perspective, Social Science History, Vol. 18, No. 4 (Winter, 1994), pp.
575-604 (JSTOR)
# Jack A. Goldstone, “Is Revolution Individually Rational?: Groups and Individuals
in Revolutionary Collective Action,” Rationality and Society 1994; 6; 139
http://rss.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/6/1/139
Week IX: Modernization and Political Development (3/27)
# Seymour Martin Lipset. “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic
Development and Political Legitimacy” The American Political Science Review, Vol.
53, No. 1. (Mar., 1959), pp. 69-105. (JSTOR)
# Przeworski, Adam, and Fernando Limongi, “Modernization: Theories and Facts,”
World Politics, 49 (January 1997), pp. 155-183. (Project Muse)
# Huntington, S.P. (1965) "Political development and political decay." World Politics
17 (April): 386-430 (JSTOR)
# J. Samuel Valenzuela and Arturo Valenzuela, “Modernization and Dependency:
Alternative Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment”
Comparative Politics, Vol. 10, No. 4 (Jul., 1978), pp. 535-557 (JSTOR)
# Michael L. Ross, Does Oil Hinder Democracy? World Politics, Vol. 53, No. 3
(Apr., 2001), pp. 325-361 (JSTOR)
Week X: Democratization Revisited (4/3)
@ B. Geddes, Changes in the Causes of Democratization through Time, The SAGE
Handbook of Comparative Politics
# Dankwart Rustow. Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic Model.
ComparativePolitics 2(3), pps. 337-363, 1970. (JSTOR)
# Terry Karl. Dilemmas of Democratization in Latin America. Comparative Politics
23(1), pps. 1-21, October 1990. (JSTOR)
#D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson. 2001. “A Theory of Political Transitions” in The
American Economic Review. Vol. 91, No. 4, pp. 938-963
# Guillermo O'Donnell, Illusions About Consolidation, Journal of Democracy 7.2
(1996) 34-51
http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v007/7.2odonnell.html
# Valerie Bunce, Rethinking Recent Democratization: Lessons from the
Postcommunist Experience, World Politics, Vol. 55, No. 2 (Jan., 2003), pp. 167-192
(JSTOR)
Week XI: Political Participation: Electoral Systems and Voting Behavior (4/10)
@Samuel Barnes. Electoral Behavior and Comparative Politics. In Mark I. Lichbach
and Alan S. Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics. Rationality, Culture, and
Structure.
# Carles Boix, The Emergence of Parties and Party Systems in The Oxford Handbook
of Comparative Politics
http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/oso/private/content/oho_politics/9780199566020/p
039.html#499
# Taagepera, Rein, Electoral Systems, The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics
http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/oso/private/content/oho_politics/9780199566020/p
047.html#678
# Anthony Downs, An Economic Theory of Political Action in a Democracy
The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 65, No. 2. (Apr., 1957), pp. 135-150.
(JSTOR)
# Rabinowitz, G. and S. E. Macdonald. 1989. A directional theory of issue voting.
American Political Science Review 83(1): 93-121. (JSTOR)
Week XII. Other Forms of Participation: Social Movements, Resistance, Dissent
(4/17)
@McAdam, D., Tarrow S., Tilly C. 1997. Toward an Integrated Perspective on Social
Movements and Revolution. In Mark I. Lichbach and Alan S. Zuckerman, eds.
Comparative Politics.
#Sidney Tarrow, Cycles of Collective Action: Between Moments of Madness and the
Repertoire of Contention, Social Science History, Vol. 17, No. 2 (Summer, 1993), pp.
281-307 (JSTOR)
# Mark I. Lichbach, What makes Rational Peasants Revolutionary? Dilemma,
Paradox, and Irony in Peasant Collective Action, World Politics, Vol. 46, No. 3 (Apr.,
1994), pp. 383-418 (JSTOR)
# James C. Scott, Weapons of the weak: everyday forms of peasant resistance
Yale University Press.1985, Chp. 7 pp.241-303
http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/textidx?c=acls;cc=acls;rgn=full%20text;idno=heb02471.0001.001;didno=heb02471.0001.001;view=toc
Week XIII: Political Culture (4/24)
@ Welzel, Political Culture, The SAGE Handbook of Comparative Politics
#Wedeen, Lisa, “Conceptualizing Culture: Possibilities for Political Science,”
American Political Science Review, vol. 96, no. 4 (Dec. 2002), pp. 713-738. (JSTOR)
# Inglehart, Ronald. 1988. “The Renaissance of Political Culture.” American
Political Science Review 82:4, pp. 1204-30. (JSTOR)
# Edward N. Muller and Mitchell A. Seligson, “Civic Culture and Democracy: The
Question of Causal Relationships” The American Political Science Review, Vol. 88,
No. 3 (Sep., 1994), pp. 635-652 (JSTOR)
# Lisa Wedeen, Acting "As If": Symbolic Politics and Social Control in Syria,
Comparative Studies in Society and History (1998), 40 : 503-523 (JSTOR)
Week XIV. Nationalisms, National and Ethnic Identity, Politics, and Conflict (5/1)
# Anthony W. Marx, Race-Making and the Nation-State, World Politics, Vol. 48, No.
2 (Jan., 1996), pp. 180-208 (JSTOR)
# Rogers Brubaker, Nationhood and the National Question in the Soviet Union and
Post-Soviet Eurasia: An Institutionalist Account, Theory and Society, Vol. 23, No. 1
(Feb., 1994), pp. 47-78 (JSTOR)
# Sanjay Ruparelia, Rethinking Institutional Theories of Political Moderation: The
Case of Hindu Nationalism in India, 1996-2004, Comparative Politics
Vol. 38, No. 3 (Apr., 2006), pp. 317-336 (JSTOR)
@Kachan Chandra. 2009. Making Casual Claims About the Effect of Ethnicity. In
Lichbach and Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics. Rationality, Culture, and
Structure. Cambridge.
#Fearon, James and David Laitin, Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War. American
Political Science Review. 97(1), 2003, pp. 75-90. (JSTOR)
PAPERS DUE BY MAY 8th.
RECOMMENDED READINGS
For Part I:
Gary King, Robert O. Keohane, and Sidney Verba. Designing Social Inquiry:
Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research. Princeton, 1994.
Review Symposium: The Qualitative-Quantitative Disputation: Gary King, Robert O.
Keohane, and Sidney Verba's Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in
Qualitative Research. (Various authors). American Political Science Review, 89, no.
2, June 1995, 454-481 (JSTOR)
James Mahoney and Gary Goertz, A Tale of Two Cultures: Contrasting Quantitative
and Qualitative Research, http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/3/227.short
Charles Ragin. The Comparative Method. University of California, 1987.
Evan S. Lieberman. Seeing Both the Forest and the Trees: Nested Analysis in CrossNational Research. Paper prepared for delivery at the 2002 Annual Meeting of the
American Political Science Association, Boston, August 29-September 1, 2002.
Elster, Jon, "Rational Choice History: A Case of Excessive Ambition." American
Political Science Review 94:3 (2000), 685-695.
Alasdair MacIntyre, Is a science of comparative politics possible? In Against the SelfImages of the Age. Schocken Books, 1971.
Gerardo L. Munck, “Game Theory and Comparative Politics: New Perspectives and
Old Concerns.” World Politics, Vol. 53, No. 2 (Jan., 2001), pp. 173-204
Kohli, Atul, Peter Evans, Peter Katzenstein, Adam Przeworski, Susanne Rudolph,
James Scott, and Theda Skocpol. 1995. “The Role of Theory in Comparative Politics:
A Symposium.” World Politics 48: 1–49. (Project Muse)
Atul Kohli, Peter Evans, Peter J. Katzenstein, Adam Przeworski, Susanne Hoeber
Rudolph, James Mahoney. 1999. Nominal, Ordinal, and Narrative Appraisal in
Macrocausal Analysis. American Journal of Sociology. 104(4):1154-96.
Adam Przeworski and Henry Teune. The Logic of Comparative Inquiry. Wiley, 1970.
Przeworski, Adam. 2007. “Is the Science of Comparative Politics Possible?” In
Carles Boix and Susan C. Stokes (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Comparative
Rogowski, Ronald. 1995. “The Role of Theory and Anomaly in Social-Scientific
Inference.” American Political Science Review, 89 (2).
Charles C. Ragin. 1997. Turning the Tables: How Case-oriented Research Challenges
Variable-oriented Research. In Comparative Social Research, vol. 16, 1997.
Lustick, Ian, “History, Historiography, and Political Science: Multiple Historical
Records and the Problem of Selection Bias,” APSR 90:3 (1996), 605-618.
Mahoney, James, and Gary Goertz, ‘The Possibility Principle: Choosing Negative
Cases in Comparative Research’, American Political Science Review, Nov 2004, 98
(4), 653-670.
Sekhon, Jasjeet, "Quality versus Quantity: Case Studies, Conditional Probability, and
Counterfactuals," Perspectives on Politics 2:2 (2004), 281-293.
Lijphart, Arend. 1975. “The Comparable Cases Strategy in Comparative Research.”
Comparative Political Studies, 8: 158-177.
Sartori, Giovanni. 1991. Comparing and Miscomparing. Printed in Brown, B. E. and
Macridis, C. M. 1996. Comparative Politics: Notes and Readings, Fort Word:
Harcourt Brace College Publishers, pp. 20-30.
McKeown, Timothy. 1999. “Case Studies and the Statistical Worldview: Review of
King, Keohane and Verba’s Designing Social Inquiry.” International Organization
53 (1): 161–190
Recommended Readings on the State:
@ Weber, Max. 1996. “What is a State?” In: Bernard E. Brown and Roy C. Macridis.
Eds. Comparative Politics. Notes and Readings. 8th Ed. Belmont et al.: Wadsworth.
Phillip Abrams. (1977) 1988. Notes on the difficulty of Studying the State. Reprinted
in The Anthropology of the State. A. Sharma and A. Gupta eds. 2006
J. P. Nettl, The State as a Conceptual Variable, World Politics, Vol. 20, No. 4 (Jul.,
1968), pp. 559-592 (JSTOR)
Michel Foucault. 1991. Governmentality. In The Foucault Effect: Studies in
Governmentality. G. Burchell, C. Gordon and P. Miller eds.
Almond, Gabriel A. 1956. “Comparative Political Systems. “Journal of Politics 18
(August), 391-409.
Easton, David. 1957. “An Approach to the Analysis of Political Systems.” World
Politics 19 (April), 383-400
Stephen Krasner. 1984. Approaches to the State. Comparative Politics. Vol. 16, No.
2, pp. 223-246
Gabriel A. Almond. 1988. “The Return to the State.” The American Political Science
Review, Vol. 82, No. 3. (Sep., 1988), pp. 853-874.
Peter B. Evans, Dietrich Rueschemeyer, and Theda Skocpol, eds., Bringing the State
Back In (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985)
Hamza Alavi, “The State in Post-Colonial Societies,” New Left Review 74 (1972):
59-81. (http://www.newleftreview.org/?view=27)
Peter Evans. 1989. Predatory, Development and Other Apparatuses: A Comparative
Political Economy Perspective on the Third World State. Sociological Forum. Vol. 4,
No. 4, pp. 561-587.
Poggi, Gianfranco. 1978. The Development of the Modern State. A Sociological
Introduction. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP
Bendix, John et al. 1992. “Going Beyond the State?” APSR, vol. 86, no. 4
(December 1992), pp. 1007-1021.
Rockman, Bert A. 1990. “Minding the State -- or a State of Mind? Issues in the
Comparative Conceptualization of the State.” Comparative Political Studies, vol. 23,
no. 1, pp. 25 ff.
Lisa Anderson, The State and Social Transformation in Tunisia and Libya 1830-1980
(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986).
James A. Scott, Seeing Like a State (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998),
Wendy Brown. 2006. Finding the Man in the State. Reprinted in The Anthropology
of the State. A. Sharma and A. Gupta eds.
Politics, Institutions, and Welfare Spending in Industrialized Democracies, 1960-82
Alexander M. Hicks and Duane H. Swank
Recommended Readings on Revolutions:
Marx, Karl, and Frederich Engels. Manifesto of the Communist Party: Part I. In The
Marx-Engels Reader. Edited by Robert C. Tucker. New York: W.W. Norton, 1978
Theda Skocpol. 1979. States and Social Revolutions: a comparative analysis of
France,China, and Russia. Cambridge.
Tilly, Charles. 1973. “Does Modernization Breed Revolution?” Comparative
Politics. 5;3 (April 1973), 424-447.
Wickham-Crowley, Timothy P. 1992. Guerrillas and Revolution in Latin America: A
Comparative Study of Insurgents and Regimes Since 1956. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
Charles Tilly. 2004.Contention & Democracy In Europe, 1650-2000. Cambridge
University Press.
Ted Gurr. Why Men Rebel. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 1970.
Foran, J. ed. 1997b. Theorizing Revolutions. New York: Routledge.
John Foran and Jeff Goodwin, Revolutionary Outcomes in Iran and Nicaragua:
Coalition Fragmentation, War, and the Limits of Social..., Theory and Society, Vol.
22, No. 2 (Apr., 1993), pp. 209-247
Jack A. Goldstone, et al. eds. 1991. Revolutions of the Late Twentieth Century.
Boulder: Westview Press
Recommended for Modernization, Political Development, Democratization:
Daniel Lerner, The Passing of Traditional: Society Modernizing the Middle East
(London: Glencoe Collier Macmillan, 1958)
Adam Przeworski. Democracy and the Market. Cambridge, 1991.
Przeworski, Adam. 2004. “Democracy and Economic Development.” 2004. In
Edward D. Mansfield and Richard Sisson (eds.), The Evolution of Political
Knowledge. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.
Guillermo O'Donnell and Philippe C. Schmitter. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule:
Tentative Conclusions. Johns Hopkins, 1986.
Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe Schmitter, and Laurence Whitehead, eds., Transitions
from Authoritarian Rule: Comparative Perspectives (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1986).
J. P. Nettl, Roland Robertson. Industrialization, Development or Modernization
The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 17, No. 3. (Sep., 1966), pp. 274-291. (JSTOR)
Charles Tilly. “Processes and Mechanisms of Democratization.” Sociological Theory,
Vol. 18, No. 1. (Mar., 2000), pp. 1-16. (JSTOR)
Collier, Ruth. Paths Toward Democracy: The Working Class and Elites in Western
Europe and South America. Cambridge, 1999.
Samuel Huntington. The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century.
Oklahoma, 1991.
Huntington, Samuel P. 1968. Political Order in Changing Societies.
Barrington Moore, Jr. 1966. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Beacon.
Karl Polanyi. The Great Transformation. Rinehart, 1944.
Seymour Martin Lipset. Economic Development and Democracy, Chapter II of
Political Man. Johns Hopkins, 1981.
Order or Movement?: The Literature of Political Development as Ideology
Mark Kesselman, World Politics, Vol. 26, No. 1 (Oct., 1973), pp. 139-154 (JSTOR)
Dietrich Rueschmeyer, Evelyne Huber Stephens and John D. Stephens. Capitalist
Development and Democracy. Chicago, 1992.
Barbara Geddes, A Game Theoretic Model of Reform in Latin American
Democracies , The American Political Science Review, Vol. 85, No. 2. (Jun., 1991),
pp. 371-392.
Collier, David and Steven Levitsky. 1997. “Democracy with Adjectives. Conceptual
Innovation in Comparative Research.” World Politics, 49:3 (April 1997) 430-51.
Schamis, Hector E. 1991. “Reconceptualizing Latin America in the 1970s. From
Bureaucratic-Authoritarianism to Neoliberalism.” Comparative Politics, vol. 23, no. 2
(January 1991), 201-20.
Linz, Juan J., and Alfred Stepan. Problems of Democratic Transition and
Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996
Thomas Carothers, The End of the Transition Paradigm, Journal of Democracy 13.1
(2002) 5-21
Bellin, Eva, “The Robustness of Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Exceptionalism
in Comparative Perspective,” Comparative Politics 36, no. 2 (January 2004): 139157.
Patrick Heller. 2000. Degrees of Democracy: Some Comparative Lessons from India
World Politics, Vol: 52, No: 4, pp. 484-519
Ghassan Salame, (ed.), Democracy Without Democrats? The Renewal of Politics in
the Muslim World, (London, I.B. Tauris: 1994)
Clientelism and Voting Behavior: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Benin
Leonard Wantchekon, World Politics, Vol. 55, No. 3 (Apr., 2003), pp. 399-422
Recommended Readings for Elections and Voting Behavior:
Alan S. Zuckerman; Nicholas A. Valentino; Ezra W. Zuckerman
“A Structural Theory of Vote Choice: Social and Political Networks and Electoral
Flows in Britain and the United States,” The Journal of Politics, Vol. 56, No. 4.
Stepan, Alfred and Cindy Skach. 1993. "Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic
Consolidation: Parliamentarianism versus Presidentialism," World Politics 46
(October): 1-22
Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan, “Political Identities and Electoral Sequences: Spain,
the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia,” Daedalus, 121 (Spring 1992), pp. 123-139.
Alan Zuckerman and Mark Irving Lichbach, “Stability and Change in European
Electorates,” World Politics 29 (July 1977): 523-551.
Martin Shefter, “Party and Patronage: Germany, England, and Italy,” Politics and
Society, 7 (1977), pp. 403-52.
James Schlesinger, “On the Theory of Party Organization,” Journal of Politics, 46
(1984): 369-400. (JSTOR)
Arend Lijphart, “Unequal Participation: Democracy’s Unresolved Dilemma,”
American Political Science Review, 91 (1997), pp. 1-14.
Torben Iversen, “The Logics of Electoral Politics: Spatial, Directional, and
Mobilizational Effects,” Comparative Political Studies, 27, no.2 (July 1994); pp.155189.
Torben Iversen, “Political Leadership and Representation in West European
Democracies: A Test of Three Models of Voting,” American Journal of Political
Science, 38, (1994). (JSTOR)
C. J. Anderson. 2009. Nested Citizens: Macropolitics and Microbehavior in
Comparative Politics. In Lichbach and Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
Rationality, Culture, and Structure. Cambridge.
Jonathan Rodden. 2009. Back to the Future: Endogenous Institutions and
Comparative Politics. In Lichbach and Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
Rationality, Culture, and Structure. Cambridge.
G. Bingham Powell and Guy Whitten. “A Cross-National Analysis of Economic
Voting: Taking Account of the Political Context,” American Journal of Political
Science, 37 (1993).
Russell J. Dalton, “Citizen Attitudes and Political Behavior,” Comparative Political
Studies, 33 (August-September 2000), 912-940.
Fowler, James H., “Altruism and Turnout,” Journal of Politics, 2006
Recommended Readings for Social Movements, Protest, Everyday resistance
Elizabeth Wood, Forging Democracy From Below
Ziad Munson, “Islamic Mobilization: Social Movement Theory and the Egyptian
Muslim Brotherhood” The Sociological Quarterly, Vol. 42, No. 4 (Autumn, 2001),
pp. 487-510 (JSTOR)
Arturo Escobar, Imagining a Post-Development Era? Critical Thought, Development
and Social Movements, Social Text, No. 31/32, (1992), pp. 20-56. (JSTOR)
James A. Scott, Resistance without Protest and Without Organization. Comparative
Studies in Society and History 29:3 (July 1987) 417-452 (JSTOR)
Sidney Tarrow, Power in Movement: Social Movements and Contentious Politics
Charles Tilly, Social Movements, 1768 - 2004
Michael Lipsky, “Protest as a Political Resource,” American Political Science Review
62 (1968), pp. 1114-1158. (JSTOR)
Peter Hall. The Role of Interests, Institutions and Ideas… In In Mark I. Lichbach and
Alan S. Zuckerman, eds. Comparative Politics.
Herbert Kitschelt, “Political Opportunity Structures and Political Protest,” British
Journal of Political Science, 16 (1986), pp. 57-85.
# J. Craig Jenkins, “Resource Mobilization Theory and the Study of Social
Movements,” Annual Review of Sociology 9 (1983), pp. 527-553.
John McCarthy and Mayer Zald, “Resource Mobilization and Social Movements: A
Partial Theory,” American Journal of Sociology 82 (1977), pp. 1212-41.
Aldon Morris and Carol McClurg Mueller, eds., 1992. Frontiers in Social Movement
Theory. Yale.
Dennis Chong, Coordinating Demands for Social Change, Annals of the American
Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 528, Citizens, Protest, and Democracy
(Jul., 1993), pp. 126-141 (JSTOR)
Johnston, Hank, and Bert Klandermans, eds. Social Movements and Culture.
Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.
C. Crouch and A. Pizzorno, eds. 1978. The Resurgence of Class Conflict in Western
Europe since 1968, Vol. 2 (MacMillan): 277-298.
Jean L. Cohen, 1985. Strategy or Identity: New Theoretical Paradigms and
Contemporary Social Movements. Social Research 52 (4).
Jim Jasper and Francesca Polletta, 2001. Collective Identity and Social Movements.
Annual Review of Sociology. 27: 283-305
Recommended for Political Culture and Cultural Studies:
Almond, Gabriel, and Sydney Verba. 1963. The Civic Culture. Political Attitudes and
Democracy in Five Nations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
Almond, Gabriel, and Sydney Verba. 1989. The Civic Culture (Revisited). Boston,
MA: Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Clifford Geertz, Thick Description: Towards an Interpretive Theory of Culture. In
Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic Books, 1973.
Harry Eckstein, “A Culturalist Theory of Political Change,” American Political
Science Review 82:3, pp. 787-804. (JSTOR)
Huntington, Samuel P. 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs. 72:3
(Summer 1993), 22-49.
Inglehart, Ronald. 1997. Modernization and Postmodernization. Cultural, Economic,
and Political Change in 43 Societies. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP.
Ronald Inglehart and Wayne E. Baker. 2000. Modernization, Cultural Change, and
the Persistence of Traditional Values, American Sociological Review, Vol. 65, No. 1
Swidler, Ann. 1986. "Culture in Action: Symbols and Strategies." American
Sociological Review 51 (2): 273-86.
Stephen E. Hanson, “From Culture to Ideology in Comparative Politics” Comparative
Politics, Vol. 35, No. 3 (Apr., 2003), pp. 355-376 (JSTOR)
Lane, Ruth. 1992. “Political Culture: Residual Category or General Theory?”
Comparative Political Studies, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 362 ff.
David J. Elkins and Richard E. B. Simeon, “A Cause in Search of Its Effect, or What
Does Political Culture Explain?” Comparative Politics
Clifford Geertz, "Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture" in
The Interpretation of Cultures (www.stanford.edu/~davidf/qualitative151/geertz.pdf)
Clifford Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays (New York: Basic
Books, 1973).
Putnam, Robert D., Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993.
Putnam, Robert D., Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American
Community. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000.
Robert Dahl, Democracy and Its Critics (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989).
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1994. “American Exceptionalism -- Japanese Uniqueness”,
Chp. 4 in Dogan and Kazancigil. Comparing Nations, pp. 153-212.
Laitin, David, and Aaron Wildavsky, “Political Culture and Political Preferences,”
American Political Science Review, 82 no. 2, (June 1988), pp. 589-596. (JSTOR)
Stephen D. Morris, “Corruption and Mexican Political Culture” Journal of the
Southwest, Vol. 45, No. 4 (Winter, 2003), pp. 671-708
Vivien A. Schmidt, Does Discourse Matter in the Politics of Welfare State
Adjustment? Comparative Political Studies March 2002 vol. 35 no. 2 168-193
Ruth Lane, Political Culture : Residual Category or General Theory?
Comparative Political Studies 1992 25: 362 (SAGE)
Recommended for Nationalism and Ethnicity:
Ernest Gellner, Nations and Nationalism (Cornell, 1983).
Anthony W. Marx, Making Race and Nation: A Comparison of the United States,
South Africa, and Brazil (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998).
Partha Chatterjee, The Nation and Its Fragments?: Colonial and Post-Colonial
Histories (Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1993).
John Hutchinson and Anthony D. Smith, eds., Nationalism: An Oxford Reader (New
York: Oxford University Press, 1994).
Liah Greenfeld, Daniel Chirot. Nationalism and Aggression, Theory and Society,
Vol. 23, No. 1. (Feb., 1994), pp. 79-130. (JSTOR)
Rogers Brubaker, Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the national question in the
New Europe (Cambridge, 1996).
Kanchan Chandra and Steven Wilkinson, Measuring the Effect of "Ethnicity",
Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 41, No. 4-5, 515-563 (2008)
Fearon, James, and David Laitin, “Explaining Interethnic Cooperation,” American
Political Science Review, 90, no. 4 (December 1996): 715-735. (JSTOR)
David Laitin. Identity in Formation. Cornell, 1998.
Kalyvas, Stathis N, "The Ontology of 'Political Violence': Action and Identity in Civil
Wars. Perspectives on Politics, 1(3), 2003, pp. 475-94.
Donald L. Horowitz, ed.. 2000. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. California.
Russell Hardin. One For All: The Logic of Group Conflict. Princeton, 1995.
Nicolas Sambanis. 2001. Do Ethnic and Nonethnic Civil Wars Have the Same
Causes? Journal of Conflict Resolution. 45(4): 259-82.
Nelson Kasfir, “Explaining Ethnic Political Participation,” World Politics, 31 (1979),
pp. 365-424.
Elise Giuliano. Who Determines the Self in the Politics of Self-Determination?
Identity and Preference Formation in Tatarstan’s Nationalist Mobilization.
Comparative Politics 32(3): 295-316, 2000.
Htun, Mala, “Is Gender Like Ethnicity? The Political Representation of Identity
Groups,” Perspectives on Politics 2:3 (September 2004): 439-458
Beverly Crawford and Ronnie D. Lipschutz, eds. The Myth of Ethnic Conflict:
Politics,Economics and Cultural Violence. Berkeley, 1999.
David Lake and Donald Rothchild. 1996. Containing Fear: The Origins and
Mangement of Ethnic Conflict. International Security 21(2): 41-75.
Varshney, Ashutosh, “Ethnic Conflict and Civil Society: India and Beyond,” World
Politics 53 no. 3 (April 2001), pp. 362-398.
Ashutosh Varshney. 2002. Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in
India. Yale.
Christian Joppke, Multiculturalism and immigration: A comparison of the United
States, Germany, and Great Britain