Concept Review
History of Modern Psych, 4e: Study Guide, Chapter 12
12-1
Print out this document. After you finish reading and studying each main section of the chapter, answer
the questions to test your comprehension.

Early Treatment of the Mentally Ill
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How did the period of the Enlightenment affect treatment of the mentally ill? (pp. 383-384)
o
Describe the “moral treatment” approach taken by Pinel in France and Tuke in England.
(p. 384)
o
Describe Benjamin Rush’s medical approach to the treatment of mental illness. p(p. 384385)
o
Kirkbride believed that architecture could affect mental illness. What were the essential
features of the Kirkbride design for mental asylums? (pp. 386-387)
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What contribution did Dorothea Dix make to the treatment of the mentally ill? (p. 388-389)
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Who was Clifford Beers and what did he accomplish? (p. 389)
o
Describe how Kraepelin developed his diagnostic classification scheme. For which
disorder is he best known and what is that disorder called today? (pp. 389-390)
Concept Review
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History of Modern Psych, 4e: Study Guide, Chapter 12
12-2
Mesmerism and Hypnosis
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According to Mesmer, what was the cause of mental illness and how was it best cured?
(pp. 391-392)
o
Describe how mesmerism eventually became hypnotism. (pp. 393-394)
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What was the Liebeault-Bernheim theory of hypnosis? (p.394)
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What was Charcot’s belief about the relationship between hypnosis and hysteria? (pp.
394-395)
Sigmund Freud (1856–1939): Founding Psychoanalysis
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What is the Freudian myth and how did Freud contribute to it directly? (pp. 396-397)
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How was Freud influenced by (a) Brücke, (b) Darwin, and (c) Meynert? (pp. 397-398)
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What was the problem with Anna O., what is the traditional description of her case, and
what really happened to her? (pp. 398-400)
Concept Review
History of Modern Psych, 4e: Study Guide, Chapter 12
12-3
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From the Anna O. case, what did Freud conclude about the nature of hysteria? (p. 400)
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Freud eventually developed the method of free association in his practice. What was the
rationale for the procedure and what was the function of resistance? (p. 401)
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Explain why Freud thought dream analysis was important. (pp. 401-402)
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What was Freud’s original seduction hypothesis and what happened to it? (pp.402-403)
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What were the high points of the development of psychoanalysis in the first decade of the
twentieth century? (pp. 403-404)
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In what important ways did Freud’s theory develop after 1910? (pp. 404-405)
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What did Anna Freud contribute to the history of psychoanalysis? (p. 405)
Concept Review

History of Modern Psych, 4e: Study Guide, Chapter 12
12-4
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What did Alfred Adler contribute to the history of psychoanalysis? (p. 406)
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What did Carl Jung contribute to the history of psychoanalysis? (pp. 406-407)
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Academic psychologists generally did not look favorably on Freudian psychoanalysis.
Why? (p. 407)
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What did Henry Murray contribute to the debate between psychoanalysis and academia
and what measurement tool did he develop? (p. 408)
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Outside of academia, how was Freudian psychoanalysis received in America, especially
after 1920? (p. 408)
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Describe Freud’s contributions to psychology’s history. How can his work be criticized?
(pp. 409-410)
In Perspective: Treating Mental Illness
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Why does the treatment of the mentally ill, a topic that most students consider the central
topic in psychology, tend to receive relatively little coverage in most histories of
psychology? (p. 411)