Vietnam Innovation Day
“Environmental Action”
I. PROJECT IDENTIFICATION
1.1. Project title:
Synthetic treatment model of contaiminated poultry breeding facilities
by clean technology in oder to prevent epidemic diseases, protect
environment and sustainable development of husbandry.
Field: Community involvement in monitoring environmental problems.
1.2. Location of Project:
Thanh Binh commune, Chuong My district, Ha Tay province.
1.3. Geography:
The project will be implemented in a rural area.
1.4. Implementing individual:
Full name: Trịnh Xuân Báu
Date of birth: February, 28th, 1974.
Professional knowledge: Bachelor of biology (1996)
The projects and subjects that carry out from 2001 to now:
- Project of investment and construction for national defence economy
sector in Easup district, Đac Lac province (2001).
- Vietnam - German afforestation project in Son Dong and Luc Nam
district, Bac Giang province (2001).
- Planning for land use project, period 2001 - 2010 in KrongBuc
district, Đac Lac province (2002).
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- Use GIS to manage places of historical - culture for Tuyen Quang
Museum project (2002).
- Planning for land use project in Minh Huong, Hung Đuc and Yen
Phu communes, in Ham Yen district, Tuyen Quang province (2003).
- General socio - economic planning project for Tam Dao district till
2010 and the orient development till 2020.
- Component afforestation project for A04 national defence project in
Tuyen Quang province (2004).
- Researching fluctuation trend depend on influenced factors to price
of some agricultural produces in five years later (2004).
- To establish the modeling of environmental management for farms in
the North of Vietnam country (Poultry farm in Ha Tay province, 2004).
Upto now, these project didn’t get the budget from the sponsors in VID.
The sources of capital provided for them from government budget and region
effectuate project, or NGOs budget.
1.5. Contact information:
Name of person responsible for project: Trịnh Xuân Báu
Address: Residential quarter of Ha Son Binh National Reserve, Ha Tay.
Telephone:
(034) 525 404
Fax: (034) 525 404
Mobile Fone:
090 328 5698
Email: bautx@yahoo.com
1.6. Others infomation:
For futher information, please contact directly with project’s author.
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II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1. The project urgentness
Recently, bird flu (avian influenza H5N1 virus) has brought about
serious consequences and great loss to Vietnam’s poultry. Besides economic
damage, imbalance in poultry breeding and possible loss of rare genes, bird
flu directly transmit to humans, thus causing death.
Ha Tay was the first province to have bird flu, followed by two
provinces, Tien Giang and Vinh Long, bird flu spresd widely all over the
country. By the end of January and early February, 2004, 381 districts, 2.558
communes of 57 provinces and cities in Vietnam suffered from bird flu.
General estimation shows that the total number of dead and burned poultry is
38 million, accounting for 15,1% Vietnam’s domestic pouls, including 50%
fowls, 30% ducks and geese, 20% birds. The estimated loss reached 3.000
billion VND (Source: VEPA, 12 March, 2004). More dangerously, bird flu
virus H5N1 is a threat to human’s living environment, health and lives, 19
people caught bird flu, out of whom 11 people were dead (Source: WHO, 11
Feb, 2004). At poultry burned areas, environmental pollution caused after
bird flu is an urgent problem to the community.
Poultry breeding is a traditional occupation in Vietnam’s countryside,
make a great contribution to the economic portion of agriculture. Moreover, it
provides main income in cash for farmers. Therefore, bird flu adnersely affected
Vietnam’s economy in wich 75% of the population work in agriculture.
Surplus value in poutry breeding in 2003 was approximately 0,6% of
GDP, equivalent to 232 million USD per year. If poultry breeding and
consumption is completely stopped for 6 months, the income loss wil reach
to 0,3% of GDP, equivalent to 116 million USD. To control bird flu, perhaps
Vietnam will have to burn 250 million fowls and other poultry, thus the
damage will be 650 - 700 million USD, equivalent to 1,8% of GDP, not
incuding other kinds of damage (Source: World Bank, Vietnam Office, 2004).
Due to lack of hygrine and poor prevetion of the epidemic came from a
breeding household and spread in a large scale. One of the reasons is bacteria
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and viruses appearing from poor santitation of hen - coops. At present, the flu
epidemic caused by virus H5N1 still exit in some districts, creating many
difficulties to the development of agriculture, negative impact on human
health and environmental pollution. Therefore, a proposal on measures to
overcome these difficulties will actively contribute to preventing and
avoiding the speading of the epidemic.
2.2. The socio-economic situation of the community in project area
The project is proposed to be implemented in Thanh Binh commune,
Chuong My district, Ha Tay province. This is province in the Red River Delta,
where economic households are developing, especially in poutry breeding. In
area, there are now 65 poultry farms with scale over 6.000 fowls, 31 poultry
farms with scale over 4.000 fowls and hundeds of other facilities. Chuong My
district in particular has 25 poultry farms, with employ 113 people and are
invested 4.018 million VND a year, creating a revenue of 1.671million VND
in goods and services and a annual income of 808 million VND, not to
mention thousands of facilities with scale less than 2.000 fowls, creating jobs
for the workforce, providing stable income, increase productivity effectiveness
in the province (Source: DARD- Hà Tây, 2004).
Thanh Binh is a commune in Chuong My district with large scale
poultry breeding wich is typical for the coordination between breeding
households and corporations, so as to develop a stable market of agriculture
goods for local people. It is this commune where a Thailan company,
Charaoen Pokphand is situated and the flu epidmic was first detected. Before
that, Thanh Binh previously developed by only agriculture with main income
from cultivation and small - scale breeding aiming to get muck for
cultivation. However, low productivity led to alot of difficulties for local
people. Since breeding corporations built in the district cooporate with
breeding households by industrial methods in factories with a investment in
race, food and product consumption, poutry breeding in Thanh Binh has
growed fastly, creating breeding farms. Presently the commune has 50
breeding households cooperating with factories, including 10 breeding
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households with from 5.000 to 8.000 fowls, qualified to farm - scale and have
some households breeding egg-laying hen and brood eggs.
Reaserch shows that most of breeding householders at the age of
between 31 and 45 have finished secondary education and some of them are
cadres in villages and commune. The number of people working in large
breeding farms are from 3 to 5. Most of them work permanently but few
work tempority. The development in poultry breeding not only has brought
wealth to households but also has provided job there, thus contributing to the
economic development of the whose commune, creating the basic for a
change in the thought on market oriented production so as to increase the
economic proportion of agriculture in Thanh Binh in particular an Ha Tay
province in general.
2.3. Environmetal problems in the project area
2.3.1. The breeding process of households
Because most of the households have contracted and worked for a Thai
joint stock company so the breeding scale is large and the method is
industrialized. Each breeding facility is from 80 to 300 square meters in area.
Most of them are buit with two storey in order to enhance the effectiveness in
using the land. The num ber of fowls are between 2.000 and 10.000 in a
facility, most of households raise from 4.000 and 6.000 fowls.
Before starting the cycle of breeding, the facilities should be cleaned,
spreading out a nilon cloth and scatter a rice husk layer with 5 to 7 cm deep.
The farmer collect all waste from breeding process include rice husk muck,
urine of fowls and sell them. Therefore, there are no solid waste appear in
breeding process.
Water trough system for fowls drink is closed, so no wase water
appear. So that the farmer only care for water quality use for fowls drink.
The facility is closed, the air inlet by governor valve to supply to
breathe, the blower is oporated all day to outlet air and dust ( figure 1). The
temperature is controlled by electric lamp system. The cycle breeding vary
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from 45 to 60 days, after each cycle the farm is emptied about 15 to 25 days
to clean facility.
Picture 1: Blower system attract air and dust outlet from poultry farm
(inllustration figure)
2.3.2. Emering Environmental problems
From this process mentioned above, potential environmental issue are
water used in breeding, odor and dust.
Water used in breeding: This is a dangerous source in breeds,
according to an investigation (author), 77,8% households have used water
from deep wells and 22,2% from drilled wells. Although there is no analysis
on these trends of water, households working for joint stock company will be
provinded with a chemical to deordize the water before fowls drink, this
shows that the water is not qualified.
Odor in breeding: This is such a complicated issue in fowls breeding
that both investors and households haven’t found and satis factory solutions.
Odor is also source of disease and environmental pollution appearance.
Odor is arised in disintegration process solid waste and the component
are HN3, H2S, Mercaptan, some bacteria and other matters. All of odor
eliminate to surrounding, they are the causes of epidemic diseases for fowls,
direct workers and communities. At the moment, there are not posible
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method to deodorizer. In the past, they are used bacteria called EM to
deodorizer but have no effective. If odor can be solved, it is a great progress
in industrial-scale poultry breeding.
Dust in breeding: Dust in poultry breeding is also a serious problem
because of their effecting to living environment, it eliminate to surrounding
with air by blower system.
Box 1: Nowaday, there are no treatment for odor and dust from the facility,
some households in village have to use fiberboard to make a simple chimney
to eliminate effect to their near neibought but it effect to far area. He affraid
of the complain because he don’t known what should he do and he can not
stop his work. My blower system is toward a garden and it can not cultivate
and at the moment I have not method to solve it.
(According to Mr. Tran Ba Pho, a owner of fowl farm in Thanh Binh, Chuong My, Ha Tay)
Although, to solve the dust arise from farms is not difficult but at the
moment, the breeding households are not advised from asperts. So they don’t
have any method to prevent pollution. There are many legal problems if don’t
have effective methods. Now, there are some household rent areas where
have no population to create farm, but it is not optimal method.
In general, pollution arise from breeding is becoming a serious issue
with local government, investors, households and community. This is a cause
of bird-flu effection in past time, it affect to breeding’s benefit and health for
human. So, to promote a general model to treat environment pollution in
poultry breeding is neccessary for now and future.
2.4. Project justification
The project is intended to implement at a poultry breeding farm with a
capacity of 6.000 fowls/batch in Ha Tay province where there are many fowl
breeding farms existing. Breeding faciities and procedures of breeding farm
are mentioned above. This farm will be installed ten (10) ventilation fans for
odor and dust reduce so to analyse wastewater, air quality and air flow is
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neccessary processes. These data reflect all growing periods of fowl because
the more a fowl grow the more odor and dust generated. Combining capacity
of the farm and analyses data a comprehensive treatment system including
supplying water, odor and dust treatment will be designed and installed.
Ozone technology is applied for treating water and odor and bag filter is
appied to remove dust in the air. The system will be simply designed inoder
to all farmers can operate and it doesn’t produce secondary waste.
The model of system includes 2 parts
+ Part 1: supplying water and odor treatment by ozone technology
+ Part 2: dust collecting by bag filter
2.4.1. Technial sellection
Ozone technology: Ozone (O3) is a gas with special odor. It is
recorgnized in 1781 by MV. Marum (Holland) when he smelled it in the air
after electric sprak happened. Its chemical fomula was established by C.F.
Schonbein (Germany) in 1840 and name of ozone is originated from Greek
character “Ozein” it means that bad smell.
In natural, ozone is known as a gas that makes a layer to protect our
earth from some ultra-rays such as ultra-vioet. The deepth of the layer can be
reach to 25 km called Stratoshere it cover around the earth and protect our
living by asorbing all ultra- rays with the wavelengs from 0,12-0,29 µm.
In technical and technological fields, ozone is known as a strong
sterilization agent and used very popular in the world. The main areas are to
sterilize water, air, and etc. From the year of 1980s to now, the application
areas of ozone have been rapidly growing and its benifit obtained more
greatly. Recent years ozone generator- machines are very popuar and low
price so it is widey appied for air, suppy water and wastewter treatment. In
Vietnam ozone has appied to clean air, sterilized and preserved fruits and
vegetables, steriized hospitals and laboratories, etc.
In this proposal project ozone is used as following reasons :
- Ozone can clean (treat) not only water but also air (odor). Until now
this is only one method available in market can clean both environment:
water and air at the same time.
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- This method has many advantages such as: low investment cost;
simple structure; automatic operation, long life-span, low operation and
maintainant cost. These is highly accepable by farmers.
- The ozone system can be compacted in small space. It requires small
area for installing and it can be hang up againts the farm walls.
- High effectiveness. All type of viruses or bacterium can be killed by
ozone so it minimizes the transmition and infection of fowl diseases.
- No use chemicals, no secondary waste. These meet all sustainable
deveopment objectives of agricutural industry’s development.
- It is advandced, environmental- friendly and prospect future technology.
Bag filter technology : as mentioned above another pollution source is
dust, it generated from fowl farming waste. Dust if not collected it will effect
to surrounding environment, especially effect to community’s health. There
are many methods to collect dust exsiting but bag filter is selected for many
advantages :
- Simple structure and operation ; low cost and suitable for collecting
by ventilation fans.
- Flexible, high effectiveness
- Environmental- friendly technology and safe for users (farmers)
2.4.2. The system discription
The model system incudes 2 parts (modules). They operate saperately
but unite in one system. First part is ozone generator for sterilizing supplying
water and breeding farm, second part is bag filter for colecting dust. Both of
them can solve all environmental problems of folw breeding farms
Part 1: ozone generators for sterilizing supplying water and breeding
farm.
The system includes an ozone generators group (figure 2), number of
ozone generators depend on breeding farm’s scale incuding folw number and
farm area.
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Figure 2. Model of ozone generators group (inllustration figure)
According to our conculating, a breeding farm with an area of 200 m2
requires 7 ozone genrators, in which 6 generators use for odor reducing and 1
generator uses for water sterilizing. Six (6) ozone generators using for odor
reducing, they work in shifts for onger life-span. It means that 3 generators are
operating while the rest (3 generators) are on stanby condition. The operating
duration from 2 to 4 hours.
Figure 3. Poly-ethylene pipe system
(inllustration figure)
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Generator’s capacity depends on polutants (contaminants) inside the
farm, this can decided after analyzing air samples. Input for ozone generators
is normal air. Ozone generated will distribute regularly all surface of the
breeding farm by poly- ethylene pipe system. It means that the concentration
of ozone inside the farm is the same at anywhere. The pipe system or can be
fixed on the walls or hang on the proof of the farm (see figure 3).
Ozone generator for water sterilizing operates or automatically or
manually and ozone generators for odor reducing operate automatically. All
generators are controlled by one Electronics control board (see figure 4).
Figure 4. Control chamber of
ozone generators group
(inllustration figure)
By oxidation capacity, ozone can react with all substances that makes
odor inside the farm to produce nontoxic and inodor substances. From the
result of an research shows that ozone can deodorize bad smell caused by
H2S. the quantity of ozone for deodorizing is 2 mg O3 per 1 mg H2S.
Regarding NOx, NH3, and organic substances containing amino (-NH2),
ozone can react to produce nontoxic substances such as Nitrate or Hydroxyte,
etc. By Laplaich (1982), ozone can react with that substances to produce
nontoxic substances due to electric attraction proccess. Firstly, ozone
molecule have got one electric (e-) from Nitrogen, then an intermediary
reaction happened (O3+N*) to produce NH2-OH and other substances. This is
machanism for detoxication and deoderization processes caused by
Nitrogenous and Ammonium substances. On the other hand, ozone can kill
viruses and bacteriums living in the air inside breeding farm by destroying
cell structure in concentration from 10 to 20 ppm in 7 to 10 minutes . So all
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type of adverse viruses and bacterium incuding infuenza virus Type A H5N1
to be eliminated from the air if ozone exsiting.
Operation procedure of ozone system : end of ozone pipe is 2m higer
than farm floor. It makes sure that ozone will be completely self-disintegration
at the high of 0.5m on floor (time for completely self-disintegration of ozone is
5 seconds). By the way of ozone pipe arrangement, fowls avoid advers effects
by ozone. Pipes are arranged at the same distance as figure 5.
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5
3
1
4
6
Figure 5. Ozone pipe arrangement inside breeding farm (horizontal section)
Air is injected into breeding farm by a one-direction pipe system (pipe
installed with one- direction valve) (see figure 6), then sucked outside the
farm by fans. At the same time, ozone generator group will produce ozone.
Depending on concentration of substances, viruses, bacterium, the
concentration of ozone will be adjusted. And the effectiveness of this system
for sterilizing can be reach to 90-95%.
In water, ozone can be mixed by Otto, Van derWall, Chlorator
processes to make a solution (liquid) that is useful for sterizing. At the
concentration of ozone around 0.5 mg/l in solution, it can destroy almost
living cells and finally, this water is safety for breeding fowls.
Part 2: bag filter for dust collecting.
As mentioned above, a lot of dust is generated from breeding farm.
Until now at almost farm, dust is discharged directy to asmostphere without
any treatment processes. It makes some adverse effect to community.
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7
6
3
8
4
5
11
10
9
1 - Ozone generators group
2 - Electronics control board
3 - Ozone distribution pipe (deodorise)
4 - Ventilation fan (air and dust outlet)
5 - Water trough system
11 - Breeding farm
1
2
6 - - Ozone distribution pipe (water
sterilization)
7 - Water tank
8 - Air inlet pipe
9 - Water pump
10 - Water well
Figure 6. A model to solve odor, noxious bacteria and water sterization in
breeding farm
The technology recommended is bag filter. It consist of several textile
bags with diameter from 125 to 300 mm and the length is 2000 to 3500 mm.
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Capacity and hold’s size of bag filter can be adjusted upon quantity and size of
dust generated inside the farms (see figure 7). Dust will be keep inside textile
bags and clean air discharges to the asmostphere, after a period of operation
dust is collected from bags and treated properly by incinerating or dumping.
For continuoustly operation, 2 bag filter systems will be installed for
one farm. They work in shifts, one working and one standby.
Clean air
3
1
5
7
Mix of air and
dust in
breeding farm
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4
Dust
2
1 - Breeding farm
2 - Ventilation fan (air and dust outlet)
3 - Air outlet pipe
4 - Valve
5 - Baghouse
6 - Collection hopper (dust
outlet)
7 - Filter bag
Figure 7. Scheme of bag filter ssystem for breeding farm
The most important factor for bag fiter system is to conculate the
surface area and obstacle of bag filter inodor to not effluent to ventiative fans.
The area of bag filter can be conculate by equatation as following (Tran Ngoc
Chan, 2001):
S  S1  S 2 
L1  L 2
 S 2 (m 2 )
q
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Where :
S1, S2 are area of bag filters (m2).
L1, L2 are fow of air that can be filtered (m3/minute).
q is capacity of fiteration of bag filter (m3/m2.minute).
By combining 2 parts (modules) above a overal model of fowl breeding
farm using ozone technology as following :
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8
Clear
Air
9
12
16
15
6
14
13
Dust
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1
0
1
4
5
2
3
1 - Breeding farm
2 - Ozone generators group
3 - Electronics control board
4 - Water well
5 - Water pump
6 - Air inlet pipe
7 - Water tank
8 - Ozone distribution pipe (water sterilization)
9 - Ozone distribution pipe (deodorise)
10 - Water trough system
11 - Ventilation fan (air and dust outlet)
12 - Air outlet pipe
13 - Valve
14 - Collection hopper (dust outlet)
15 - Filter bag
16 - Baghouse
Figure 8. Overal model system of fowl breeding farm using ozone technology
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2.4.3. Investment and operation cost
Investment cost consists of part 1 and part 2 cost. This mainly depends
on the scope of breeding farm. The table below is the cost for a farm with
capacity of 5000-8000 fowls.
No
Items
Price (VNĐ)
Quantity
Cost (VNĐ)
1
Ozone generators
7 Pieces
2.500.000/piece
17.500.000
2
Bag fiter
2 system
3.000.000/system
5.500.000
3
Pipe system
(by estimation)
2.500.000
4
Others
Carriage, fit up
500.000
5
Total
26.000.000
With bigger scale farms, it need to install from 2 to 4 more ozone
generators and investment cost increases to 5 or 10 mill VND. By quick
survey, this cost is quite low and acceptabe by farmers.
Box 2: At present, many breeding farms are using supply water system to fowl
by automatic float, when water comes enough to water trough, the float
automatically closed. By this way, water is often effected viruses and bacteriums
from fowl waste inside the farm. Recently, there are a equipment to supply
water by valves, water is ony supply to fowls when they using their beak to take
water from valves after that water is closed imediatey this prevents to produce
wastewater and investment cost for one system is about 20 to 25 mill.VND and
farmers is exchanging this technology but the air quaity is uncontrolled. By
ozone technology, the cost is about 30 mill VND, is not ony sterilize suppy water
but also clean the air inside the farm. It would be accepted by farmers by its
high quality but low investment and operation cost.
(According to Mr. Tran Ba Pho, a owner of fowl farm in Thanh Binh, Chuong My, Ha Tay)
Operation cost :
Operation cost mainly are electricity for ozone generators and fans
working, but at very low capacity. This is the biggest advantadges of the
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technology. Depending on the scale of farm the capacity of ozone generators
and fans will be decided. By investigation the mean concentration of ozone
will be from 3500 to 5000 mg/hour equal to a power capacity from 75 to 100
W/hour. And fowls from 7 to 21 day old, amout of ozone need for them is
42000 to 60000 mg equals to 12 hours ozone generators working. It means
that at the begining of fowl’s batch the cost for operation is very low.
As mentioned above, totally 6 ozone generators but they work in shifts
so operation cost for one day is (with the price of 1000 ND /1 KW):
3 (generators) x 100 (W/hour) x 24 (hours) x 1000 (VNĐ/1000W) =
7.200 VNĐ
In one month :
7.200 VNĐ x 30 days = 216.000 VNĐ
Cost for ozone generator for steriizing water for 1 month: (nomally it
operates 1 time every 2 days for 2 hours)
15 (times) x 2 (hours) x 100 (W/hour) x 1000 (VNĐ/1000W) = 3.000 VNĐ
Total cost for 1 month operation:
216.000 VNĐ + 3.000 VNĐ = 219.000 VNĐ
This cost is very cheap and much lower than others technology. This is
the best alternative for farmers to protect their fowl farms and improve their
income.
2.4.4. Payback period
As conculation above, investment cost for the system is 26 mill. VND.
Payback period (PB) is time (year or month) needed to refund or get cost of
future (CF) equals to the investment cost (I).
So
PB = I/CF
Where :
PB : payback period (year or month)
I:
investment cost (VND)
CF : cost of future (VND)
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Every 45 to 60 days, a batch of fowl will be finished, and time of
breeding farm preparation (free) for next batch is 25 days to 30 days. So in
one year, farmers have 4 fowl batches. By using ozone technology the time
for preparation is reduced to 5 or 7 days and time for breeding increases from
60 to 96 days equals to 1.3 batches.
One batch farmer has a income app. 18-22 mill VND (with capacity of
5000-6000 fowls), so the cost of future is :
CF = 20.000.000 (VNĐ) x 1,3 (batch) = 26.000.000 (VNĐ)
Payback period:
PB = CF/I = 26.000.000 (VNĐ/year) : 26.000.000 (VNĐ) = 1 year
So the payback period is 1 year.
But the most valuable benifit the farmer can get is their fowls can
growing healthy and no threaten caused by virus or bacterium for the
breeding farm.
2.5. Problems that the project aims to solve and the rational
Socio - economic - environment problems that the project find solutions
to are:
+ Bird flu problem
At present, bird flu haven’t been completely eliminated. Sources of the
epidemic still exits, thus potentially causing serious consequences in term of
human live, economy and local people’s life. No optimal measure have been
found out to eliminate the epidemic the number of domestic fowl with H5N1
positive haven’t been burned all. Their movement is not under control. The
epidemic is more likely to occur when goose raised at field in Vietnam
Southern part. All means of communication have non urgently mentioned
this problem.
One of the project objectives is to prevent the epidemic, including
virus H5N1, If breeding households use the project management system, they
are surcly free from all diseases in general and the epidemic. In particular
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ozone as a strong sterilization will kill all harmful viruses and bacteria before
attacking the poultry. At the epidemic stricken areas, this is a preventing
measures after burning the poultry, ozone will destroy all viruses and thus
help avoid the speading of the epidemic.
+ Stabilization the domestic fowls in breeding
Statiatics mentioned above show the great contribution made by
poultry breeding in the economic development in agriculture as well as in
farmer’s living standard. There are more and more dangerous diseases threat
to beak breeding mechanism, and cause adverse impact on the economy.
Therefoce, preventive measures are in great need. Some sources of disease
are drinking water and virus affected food. However, food is safe because of
being produced in industrial method, so the main soure lies in water.
The project propose using ozone to sterilize water. This will help
breeding households to prevent effectively diseases and protect the poutry,
thus maintain stable breeding process.
+ Odor pollution in poutry breeding
As we have seem odor pollution is an urgent problem in breeding
farms. Odor not only adversely affect the health of domestic fowls obstruct
their growth process but also cause diseases and reduce production
effectiveness. Moreover, odor pollution affect directly the health of farmers
and local people in breeding areas.
The project will successfully solve this problem by using ozone
generators to remove odor. This is an advantage of the project because there
is no solution to odor polltion, with low cost in invesrment and operation
suitable to economic condition of breeding holders.
+ Dust polltion in poutry breeding
Dust is not a major problem in poutry breeding, but cause difficulties
to breeding households and other neighbouring households. The project
propose filter bage technology to solve this problem, with is a clean simple
technology with low cost and low investment in facilities and without using
energy in operation, thus reducing cost in poutry breeding.
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+ Encouraging the community to control polltion
Environmental pollution such as odor and dust from breeding farms
has become an urgent need to breeding households and the local population.
However due to the lack of appropriate measures and technologies, these
households usually avoid responsibility or use backwad method without
long-term effect. Implementing the project will help the local community be
aware of the advantages of protecting the environment and strengtheming the
pollution control.
+ Applying clean technology and sustainable development in poultry
breeding.
Since Vietnam government built the Agenda 21 on sustainable
development, all forms of economic development must take into account
environmental protection and sustainable development. Emourageing the use
of technology friendly to environment will both stop discharges waste and
save energy and resources. Implementing the project will be a typical
example for using clean technology, friendly to the environment, saving
energy without using chemicals in processing and creating sub wastes. This
can be considured as a break though in applying advanced technology in
poultry breeding.
2.6. Innovative of creativeness of project
+ Propose a appropriate solution to prevent reappearance of Avian
influenza caused by H5N1, whos is an urgent problem non.
+ Propose using clean technology, friendly to the environment in
poultry breeding.
+ Raise awareness of the harmful effect of population and
environmental protection in agriculture, a sector is paid little attention to,
creating a basis in encouraging the community to control pollution and
socialising environmental protection in rural areas.
+ Propose the use of ozone, a technology is expected to be most widely
applied in environmental protection in the 21st century.
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+ Propose a model in solving completely pollution in breeding farm.
+ Propose advanced technologies in order to protect the environment
with low cost and long-term impact, suitable to hoseholds.
+ Apply automatic technology of facilities, thus reducing the out of
date technology used by farmers.
+ Create a change in farmer’s awarness of advanced scientific and
techniques, thus encouraging them to raise production effectiveness in
industrialisation of agriculture.
2.7. What is the target group
+ Households of breeding farm
This is one of the target groups of the project. Households of breeding
farm are the most affected. They lose their efforts in breeding, investment in
infrastructure but they are also affected legally and in term of health. If the
project is implemented, breeding households will be benifited as follows :
- Ensure that the sanitation of breeding farms match with
environmental standrds registered with investors and administrators.
- Increase productivity and profits in breeding.
- Avoid potential legal problems relating to environment and
profestional diseases to farmers which can cause deaths.
+ Population community with breeding farms
This is one of the target groups of the project. Possible environmental
problems and diseases will directly affect their lives. They can’t work in dust
areas and have to suffer from odor, threat to get diseases. The project will
help to avoid this bad effects.
+ Investors in breeding
This is one of the target groups of the project. Potential environmental
problems and discases will lose all of their investment in breeding
households. Is these issues are solved, investors will gain such advantages as:
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- Ensure that the sanitation of breeding farms match with
environmental standards registered with administrators.
- Increase profit and effectiveness in investment.
- Avoid potential legal problems relates to environmental pollution.
+ Local administrators
Bad im pact in poultry breeding will break economic sector structure
and strategies. Moreover, legal problems, environmental problems and
community health, and other socio-economic impact will emerge. The project
will restrict these problems.
2.8. The criteria making the project success
A successful project must secure all economic, social and environmental
factors. However, the most important factors are to meet the urgent needs of
users, to increase productivity effectiveness and to raise income of project
implementors. Follwing is the criteria making the project success:
+ Successfully preventing and avoiding the emergence of birth flu
(virus H5N1) in poultry breeding, which there is no the optimal measure.
+ Solving odor and dust pollution from breeding processing that
investors and breeding households not any solutions.
+ Providing sterilized water used in breeding in order not to cause
diseases thought digestion.
+ No use chemicals, no secondary waste, friendly to environment and
sustainability, and they are strategies of technology in 21st century.
+ Simple system not taking a large are to set up and with automation in
all steps of operation, easy to use.
+ Low cost (approximately 25 to 35 million VND each system,
depend’s on the size of breeding fawms).
+ Short payback period (about 1 year), long life-span of equipment,
low cost of spare-parts.
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+ Shorten the interval between two periods of breeding, increase
producting effectiveness and raise breeding households’s income.
2.9. Program questions
1. Impact: what is the expected socio-economic impact of the project on the
target group?
- The project is operating, there are greate effecting results. This is the
best method to prevent relapsing of bird flu, environmental protection after
epidemic and sustainable development in breeding field. As mentioned, over
three months (2004) total number of dead and burned poultry is 38 million,
the estimated loss reached 3.000 billion VND, additional bird flu infection to
human, thus causing death. Besides, if poultry breeding and consumption is
completely stopped for 6 months, the income loss wil reach to 0,3% of GDP,
equivalent to 116 million USD. Therefore, this project is not only recover
and developt breeding field but active effect to social - econmic development
in bird flu stage as well.
In tradditional, benefit is the most important thing with households. If
project is operated, the poultry will be protected so reduced the risk of
breeding and increasing profit. So that, they will realize advantages from
hygiene factility and it will change their knowledge about environmental
protection in breeding. Besides, they avoid legal problems from pollution.
With local government and communities, knowing advantages from
this project, encourage the households breeding in applied this model. It push
the work through socialization protecting environment in their behaviour.
2. Replicability: How could the project be replicated in other geographic
areas or communities?
This project useful for pollutant treament in bredding facilities, and can
be applied in all local in Vietnam. In tradditional, with simplified structure,
not waste much space for construction, easy for built-up and using. This
model will be comercial products when it work successful and the project
will be replicated in other geographic areas or communities.
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III. PROJECT OUTLINE
Depend on the fundamental theories, ozone is very powerful to
destroy odors, bacteria or viruses by oxidation in air and water. Many
research show that it useful to different environments and conditions. So that,
this technology applicated widely in the world to wastes treament
proccessing. In the past, it almost used for industries, but nowaday it is
widely applied for agirculture such as food processing, food storage, odor
abatement, groundwater remediation and drinking water purification… This
project is the newest model in Vietnam, therefoce to satisfied the real
conditions, we need results of experimentation. So in planning implement,
the author focus on analysis results of experimentation to find out optimal
effective working.
Working period estimate six months including two stages: the first
stage is analyse parameters in environment including air, water, dust, odor,
bacteria…; the second stage is analyse these parameters environment after
proccessing of this model.
Planning and time implement is estimated :
- Collecting and assay specimens through stages of cycle breeding,
operating in pilot (60 days).
- Design system depend on data and results experimental.
- Built-up, testing system, collecting and assay specimens to evaluating
effective of model (60 days).
- Establishing workshop to collect information from experts, choosing
optimal capacity for each stages with specific-scale (30 days).
- To publish the standard model system.
IV. BENEFICIARIES AND PARTICIPANTS
4.1. Who will benefit from the project and how will these benefits be realized?
The households, investors and communities will receive benefit from
successful results of project. To examine the effective of project, I will applied
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this model for a the real poultry farm with breeding-sacle 6.000 fowls at Thanh
Binh commune, Chuong My district, Ha Tay province, that agree with my
project experiment on his farm. There are three main labours (a man and two
women) and two childen in this farm. It is the main fundamental to propose
capacity of calculation, design and operating conditions.
4.2. How and to what extent will the beneficiaries participate in the
implementation of the project?
He agree with my project experiment on his farm, supporting for
coordinators of project in implement stage and supplying neccessaries information.
4.3. What will be the beneficiaries’ future participation when the project has
been completed?
Introducing and propagating model and it’s effective to other households
in his living area and response the project’s effective to breeding investor
4.4. How will the implementing agency maintain project results and assume
responsibilities after completion of the project?
When the project will be done, I will co-operate with responsibilities
people at local government and investors in breeding to promote the
application of this model. And then commercialize this system to reduce it’s
cost and easier to build-up and using for farms.
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V. PROJECT BUDGET
5.1. The project budget use VND
5.2. Anticipated total project cost:
150.000.000 VND (One hundred and fifty millions VND)
5.3. Funding requested from the Vietnam Innovation Day
135.000.000 VND (One hundred and thirty-five millions VND)
5.4. Project budget planning:
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Items
Collecting and assay specimens
Design model and system
Buying equipments and others
Buit-up and assay specimens second time
Spending for professional knowledge
Establishing workshop, sightseeing real system
Cost for rent (vehicle, machines)
Total
Cost (VNĐ)
40.000.000
5.000.000
30.000.000
25.000.000
15.000.000
10.000.000
10.000.000
135.000.000
Other source (15.000.000 VNĐ) including: Project management cost,
professional cost of author and relative cost will be taken from author.
5.5. The author know about this competition from source:
- Advertisment in Tiền phong Newspaper No 52 issued Tuesday,
March, 15th, 2005.
- Website’s address:
http://web.worldbank.org
(or http://www.worlbank. org.vn)
PREPARED BY: Trịnh Xuân Báu
SIGNATURE:
DATE: May, 02nd, 2005.
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