Chapter 1 Educational Resources and Research 1. Wikipedia.com, enter suspension (chemistry) in search box for more information about suspension. 2. Buoyancy articles—use your favorite search engine to find more information on these articles: Title: “Restricting environmental stimulation influences levels and variability of plasma cortisol” Author(s): J. W. Turner Jr. and T. H. Fine Source: Journal of Applied Physiology, Volume 70, Issue 5, 2010−2013, 1991 Title: “Effects of flotation therapy on relaxation and mental state” Author(s): HU Pei-cheng and SU Ying Source: Chinese Medical Journal, Volume 117, Issue 10, 1579−1581, 2004 Title: “Vasorelaxation in space” Author(s): Peter Norsk, Morten Damgaard, Lonnie Petersen, Mikkel Gybel, Bettina Pump, Anders Gabrielsen, and Niels Juel Christensen Source: American Heart Association, Volume 47, 69−73, 2006 Title: “Cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to water immersion in compensated heart failure” Author(s): Anders Gabrielsen, Vibeke B. Sorensen, Bettina Pump, Soren Galatius, Regitze Videbaek, Peter Biem, Jorgen Warberg, Niels Juel Christensen, Henrik Wroblewski, Jens Kastrup, and Peter Norsk Source: American Journal of Physiology—Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Volume 279, Issue 4, H1931−H1940, October 2000 3. Hyperthermia articles—use your favorite search engine to find more information on these articles: Title: “41.8 degrees C whole body hyperthermia as an adjunct to chemotherapy induces prolonged T cell activation in patients with various malignant diseases” Author(s): D. Atanackovic, A. Nierhause, M. Numeier, D.K. Hossfeld, and S. HegewischBecker Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, Volume 51, Issue Numbers 11−12, 603−613, 2002 Title: “Hyperthermia in humans enhances interferon-gamma synthesis and alters the peripheral lymphocyte population” Author(s): J. F. Downing, H. Martinez-Valdez, R. S. Elizondo, E. B. Walker, and M. W. Taylor Source: Journal of Interferon Research, Volume 8, Issue 2, 143−150, 1988 Title: “Effects of whole body hyperthermia (41.8 degrees C) on the frequency of tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with advanced malignancies” Author(s): S. Hegewisch-Becker, K. Braun, M. Otte, A. Corovic, D. Atanackovic, A. Nierhaus, D.K. Hossfeld, and K. Pantel Source: Clinical Cancer Research: An Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, Volume 9, Issue 6, 2079−2084, 2003 1 Title: “Influence of elevated temperature on natural killer cell activity, lymphokine-activated killer cell activity and lectin-dependent cytotoxicity of human umbilical cord blood and adult blood cells” Author(s): R. N. Shen, L. Lu, P. Young, H. Shidnia, N. B. Hornback, and H. E. Broxmeyer Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Volume 29, Issue 4, 821−826, 1994 Title: “Evaluation of steam therapy in acute lower respiratory tract infections: a pilot study” Author(s): M. Singh, S. Singhi, and B. N. Walia Source: Indian Pediatrics, Volume 27, Issue 9, 945−951, 1990 Title: “Effects of artificially induced fever on serum proteins, vitamin levels and hematological values in human subjects” Author(s): Jose Mendez, Nevin S. Scrimshaw, Carlos Salvado, and Manuel Lopez Selva Source: Journal of Applied Physiology, Volume 14, Issue 59, 768−770, 1959 Title: “The effects of in vivo hyperthermia on selected lymphokines in man” Author(s): J. F. Downing and M. W. Taylor Source: Lymphokine Research, Volume 6, Issue 2, 103−109, 1987 Title: “Sex differences in endocrine response to hyperthermia in sauna” Author(s): D. Jezova, R. Kvetnansky, and M. Vigas Source: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, Volume 150, Issue 3, 293−298, 1994 Title: “Analysis of body water compartments after a short sauna bath using bioelectric impedance analysis” Author(s): M. F. Servidio, E. I. Mohamed, C. Maiolo, A. T. Hereba, F. Perrone, P. Garofano, and L. Iacopino Source: International Symposium on “In Vivo Body Composition Studies,” Volume 40, Issue SUP1, S207−S209, 2003 Title: “Circulatory changes in acute sauna hyperthermia after heart transplantation” Author(s): H. J. Winterfeld, H. Siewert, U. Engelmann, R. Aurisch, J. Bohm, D. Strangfeld, and H. Warnke Source: Zeitschrift fur die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiette, Volume 48, Issue 10, 502−505, 1993 Title: “Controlled localized heat therapy in cutaneous warts” Author(s): P. Stern, N. Levine Source: Archives in Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 7, 1992 Title: “Effects of sauna on sperm movement characteristics of normal men measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis” Author(s): J. Saikhun, Y. Kitiyanant, V. Vanadurongwan, and K. Pavasuthipaisit Source: International Journal of Andrology, Volume 21, Issue 6, 358−363, 1998 Title: “Exposure to high ambient temperature increases absorption and plasma concentrations of transdermal nicotine” Author(s): J. Vanakoski, T. Seppalat, E. Sievi, and E. Lunelle Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Volume 60, Issue 3, 308−315, 1996 2 Title: “How the sauna affects the endocrine system” Author(s): K. Kukkonen-Harjula and K. Kauppinen Source: Annals of Clinical Research, Volume 20, Issue 4, 262−266, 1988 Title: “Human monocyte stimulation by experimental whole body hyperthermia” Author(s): M. Zellner, N. Hergovics, E. Roth, B. Jilma, A. Spittler, and R. Oehler Source: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, Volume 114, Issue 3, 102−107, 2002 Title: “Physical effects of negative air ions in a wet sauna” Author(s): I. Watanabe, H. Noro, Y. Ohtsuka, Y. Mano, and Y. Agishi Source: International Journal of Biometeorology, Volume 40, Issue 2, 107−112, 1997 Title: “Repeated thermal therapy improves impaired vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary risk factors” Author(s): Masakazu Imamura, Sadatoshi Biro, Takashi Kihara, Shiro Yoshifuku, Kunitsugu Takasaki, Yutaka Otsuji, Shinichi Minagoe, Yoshifumi Toyama, and Chuwa Tei Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Volume 38, 1083−1088, 2001 Title: “Systemic responses in man exposed to different heating and cooling treatment in a sauna” Author(s): K. V. Sudakov, V. V. Sinitchkin, and A. A. Khasanov Source: The Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science, Volume 23, Issue 3, 89−94, 1988 4. Hypothermia articles—use your favorite search engine to find more information on these articles: Title: “Cryotherapy in ankle sprains” Author(s): John E. Hocutt Jr. Source: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, Volume 10, 316−318, 1982 Title: “Even a little cooling helps after cardiac arrest” Author(s): Eric S. Logue, Melissa R. McMichael, and Clifton W. Callaway Source: Science Daily, 2006 Title: “Training, action saved a life” Author(s): Jeff W. Reinking Source: USA Today, 2006 5. Hydration articles—use your favorite search engine to find more information on these articles: Title: “ ‘Drink at least eight glasses of water a day.’ Really? Is there scientific evidence for ‘8 × 8?’ ” Author(s): Heinz Valtin and Sheila A. Gorman Source: American Journal of Physiology—Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Volume 283, 993−1004, 2002 Title: “Water, other fluids, and fatal coronary heart disease” Author(s): Jacqueline Chan, Synnove F. Knutsen, Glen G. Blix, Jerry W. Lee, and Gary E. Fraser Source: American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 155, Issue 9, 827−833, 2002 Title: “Caffeine vs. caffeine-free sports drinks: Effects on urine production at rest and during prolonged exercise” Author(s): R. D. Wemple, D. R. Lamb, and K. H. McKeever Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine, Volume 18, Issue 1, 40−46, 1997 3 Title: “America College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and fluid replacement.” Author(s): V. A. Convertino, L. E. Armstrong, E. F. Coyle, G. W. Mack, L. C. Senay Jr., and W. M. Sherman Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Volume 28, Issue 1, i−vii, 1996 Title: “Caffeine, body fluid-electrolyte balance, and exercise performance” Author(s): L. E. Armstrong Source: The International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, Volume 12, Issue 2, 189−206, 2002 Title: “Caffeine ingestion and fluid balance: a review” Author(s): R. J. Maughan and J. Griffin Source: Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Volume 16, Issue 6, 411−420, 2003 Title: “Concentrations of trace elements in sweat during sauna bathing” Author(s): A. Hoshi, H. Watanabe, M. Kobayashi, M. Chiba, Y. Inaba, N. Kimura, and I. Ito Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 195, Issue 3, 163−169, 2001 Title: “Effects of caffeine ingestion on body fluid balance and thermoregulation during exercise” Author(s): B. Falk, R. Burstein, J. Rosenblum, Y. Shapiro, E. Zylber-Katz, and N. Bashan Source: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, Volume 68, Issue 7, 889−892, 1990 Title: “Thermoregulation and body fluid osmolality” Author(s): T. Morimoto and T. Itoh Source: Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, Volume 9, Issue 1, 51−72, 1998 4