Section 15.1
Air Masses and Fronts
5.
It may take ____________ or ___________ for changes to spread thru the
entire air mass.
1. What are the characteristics of an Air
Mass?
6.
Weather changes where air masses meet. When a cold, dense air
mass pushes warmer air it is a ____________ front. Cold fronts can move
It is a large
_______________. It is ______________ than other types of fronts. It
often produces tall __________________________ clouds and
Temperature and humidity are
______________. After the storms the air is cooler and ______________.
7.
When a warm air mass pushes colder air it is a ______________ front. It
moves _______________. Warm air moves up and over dense, colder air
which produce ________-____________ skies. When the warm front
An air mass can cover
approaches first you see high ___________ clouds then high ___________
clouds. Warm fronts bring hours of steady ___________ or ___________.
8.
Continental Fronts form
over ______ _______.
Maritime Fronts form
over _________.
__________________ fronts occur when air masses first meet or _______
moving. Clouds may cover the sky for ______________.
9.
From page 503 which city will the cold front affect next?_______________
10. Suppose you heard that a front was approaching your town. What type of
weather would you expect? ______________________________________
2.
Air Mass categories
_____________________________________________________________
st
1 word describes ____________________
2nd word describes ____________________
11.
High and Low Pressure Systems At a ________ pressure center,
air sinks slowly down and spreads out toward areas of ___________
pressure. Most high pressure systems are __________ and change
Tropical Masses form
near the ___________.
Polar Masses form far
___________________.
____________. Most weather from a high pressure system is _________
and ______________.
12. A _______ pressure system’s air moves upward to ___________ altitudes.
3.
4.
The Latin prefix “mare” as is the word marine, means ___________.
Movement of an Air Mass When a continental polar air mass moves
over warm water, the air slowly becomes ___________ and gains
___________________.
As the air moves higher it also moves ____________. This movement
usually produces _____________ weather.
13. Fronts and Weather Draw the symbol for each type of front based on the
1.
picture on page 503.
front: ________
15.2
front: _________
front: _________
Low Pressure and Storms
Hurricanes form over warm ocean water. Compare and contrast
tropical storms and hurricanes by filling in the chart.
Tropical Storms
Hurricanes
Wind speed
Forms where?
Gets energy from?
14. In which state(s) is the warm front?_____________________________ .
2.
Draw a diagram of a hurricane and label its parts.
3.
From the picture on p. 508 how does the size of the hurricane compare to
What direction is it traveling from? ____________
15. In which state(s) is the cold front?_____________________________
What direction is it traveling from? ____________
16. In which state(s) is the stationary front?___________________________
What direction is it traveling from? ____________
the size of Florida? ____________________________________________
4.
Describe the path of the center of the storm. It began in the __________
Ocean, moved ________________________ toward Florida. It then headed
_____________ following the ______________ coast.
5.
6.
Why do hurricanes strike the eastern United States most often between
August and October?
___________________________________________________________
Where does a hurricane gain its energy. __________________________
___________________________________________________________
7.
Where does a hurricane lose its energy. __________________________
___________________________________________________________
8. List things you can do to prepare for a hurricane while on vacation.
_____________________________________________________________
15.3 Vertical Air can cause severe storms.
1.
Fill in the concept web below about thunderstorms.
2.
A funnel is not called a tornado until _____________________________.
3.
List three effects of a large tornado. ____________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
9. Effects of Hurricanes Complete the cause-and-effect diagram.
Effect
Cause
Hurricane
10. 10 POINTS EXTRA CREDIT – Name a hurricane, the year, and location that
was a category 5 when it made landfall in the United States.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
11. Complete the chart. Write yes, no, or maybe for each type of winter storm.
Blizzard
Lake-effect
snowstorm
Ice storm
Snow
Ice
Strong winds
Very cold
__________________________
4.
List things you can do to prepare for a tornado.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
12. List things you can do to prepare for a Winter storm.
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________
_____________________________________________________________
5.
What is the difference between a Tornado WATCH and a WARNING?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
6. Fill in the table about tornadoes. Use R64 to determine strength of
tornados.
F
2. Which two of these sources report conditions for wide areas?
__________________________
____________________________
3. Which technology provides data for one place? ____________________
Characteristics
Most common
tornadoes
4.
WEATHER MAP
Use the p R61 in the appendix and tell what each
of the 4 station symbols are for 1) cloud cover,2) temperature, 3) wind and
About 20 percent of
tornadoes
4) where each is located, approximately. (Weather map on p 520)
About 1 percent of
tornadoes
DATA
STA 1
STA 2
STA 3
STA 4
Cloud cover
7. With your lab partner, brain storm a list of items that you may need for
your tornado shelter.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
15.4
Weather Forecasting
1. Look at the picture on page 519 in your textbook. Label each box with a
source of weather data.
Temperature
Wind
Location
5. H represents _______ __________________ L represents
__________ ____________________________
6. What do the colored patches mean? _____________________
7. If two places are on the same isobar, what do you know about
their weather? _____________________________________
8. Iso means ____________ bar means ____________________
9. Satellite Images and Special Maps Why are infrared satellite
images useful? ____________________________________
10. Forecasters use computer models to predict weather.
List two ways that meteorologists use computers when
forecasting the weather.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
11. Which are more accurate, short or long-range forecasts?
Why? _________________________________________
The map below shows isobars around two different air systems. Use what
you know about weather maps to answer the questions that follow.
________________________________________________
12. Predict the weather prediction for each set of conditions.
Conditions
Prediction
A cold front is moving into an
area that has warm, moist air.
A warm front is moving into an
area that has cold, dense air.
A cool sea breeze is blowing
inland, causing warm, humid air
to rise.
Air pressure is falling and the
temperature is rising.
Air pressure is increasing and
the temperature is steady.
A thunderstorm is developing
spinning winds at its center
A low-pressure center is over
the Atlantic Ocean where the
water temperature is above 27ºC
(81ºF).
Cold air is pushing warm air
where the air is 2ºC (36ºF) and
the ground is -3ºC (27ºF).
13.
What kind of pressure system is indicated at 1? _______________
14.
Does the air here move upward or downward? _______________
15.
What kind of pressure system is indicated at 2? _______________
16.
Does the air here move upward or downward? _______________
Turn to page 529 and answer the questions about the Map.
1. _____________
4.
_____________
2. _____________
5.
_____________
3. _____________
6.
_____________
7.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
8. Do you think scientists should work to control the weather, or is it better to
let nature take its course? Why? _____________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________