Animal Behaviour
1. A comparison of female fitness between monogamy and polyandry in the
cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi
Xing-Ping Liua, Hai-Min Hea, Xian-Ju Kuanga and Fang-Sen Xue , a,
a
Institute of Entomology and Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding,
Jiangxi Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation of Double
Cropping Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, China
Animal BehaviourVolume 79, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1391-1395
Annals of the Entomological Society of America
2. The Genus Minanga Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in China, With
Description of a New Subgenus and Species
Tan, Jiang-Li; He, Jun-Hua; Chen, Xue-Xin
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 3, May 2010 , pp.
360-365(6)
3. Revision of the Melolontha guttigera Group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
With a Key and an Annotated Checklist of the East and South-East Asian
Melolontha Groups
Li, Chun-Lin; Yang, Ping-Shih; Wang, Chuan-Chan
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 3, May 2010 , pp.
341-359(19)
4. Two New Genera and One New Species of Jurassic Axymyiidae (Diptera:
Nematocera), With Revision and Redescription of the Extinct Taxa
Zhang, Junfeng
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
455-464(10)
5. Molecular Cloning and Expression Pattern of a Lysophospholipase Gene
From Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
Liu, Yan-Qun; Li, Yu-Ping; Wu, Song; Xia, Run-Xi; Shi, Sheng-Lin; Qin, Li; Lu, Cheng; Xiang, ZhongHuai
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
647-653(7)
6. Application of Rough Set Analysis in Species and Caste Discrimination of
Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) Based on Antennal Sensilla
Shang, Lina; Wang, Yinliang; Wang, Panpan; Wang, Shuangwei; Ren, Bingzhong
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
654-660(7)
7. Morphological Characterization and Distribution of Antennal Sensilla of
Six Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Hu, Fei; Zhang, Guo-Na; Jia, Fu-Xian; Dou, Wei; Wang, Jin-Jun
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
661-670(10)
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
8. Helicoverpa armigera cadherin fragment enhances Cry1Ac insecticidal
activity by facilitating toxin-oligomer formation
Donghai Peng1, Xiaohui Xu1, Weixing Ye1, Ziniu Yu1 and Ming Sun1
m98sun@mail.hzau.edu.cn
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong
Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Volume 85, Number 4 / January, 2010 10331040
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology
9. Molecular cloning, genomic structure, and genetic mapping of two Rdlorthologous genes of GABA receptors in the diamondback moth, Plutella
xylostella
Guorui Yuan, Weiyue Gao, Yihua Yang, Yidong Wu *wyd@njau.edu.cn
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects (Ministry of Agriculture of China), Nanjing, China
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology Volume 74 Issue 2, Pages 81 – 90
10 May 2010
10. Identification of two piwi genes and their expression profile in honeybee,
Apis mellifera
Zhen Liao, Qidong Jia, Fei Li *, Zhaojun Han lifei@njau.edu.cn
Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology Volume 74 Issue 2, Pages 91 – 102
13 May 2010
11. Metabolism of hydrogen peroxide between diapause and non-diapause
eggs of the silkworm, Bombyx Mori during chilling at 5°C
L.C. Zhao 1, L.G. Shi 2 *slgsilk@zju.edu.cn
1
College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Science, Soochow
University, Suzhou, China
2
College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology Volume 74 Issue 2, Pages 127 – 134
18 May 2010
12.All-trans retinoic acid affects subcellular localization of a novel BmNIF3l
protein: functional deduce and tissue distribution of NIF3l gene from
silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Jianqing Chen 1, Qijing Gai 1, Zhengbing Lv 1, Jian Chen 1, Zuoming Nie 1, Xiangfu Wu 2, Yaozhou Zhang
3*
yaozhou@zstu.edu.cn
1
Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
2
Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China and Shanghai Institute of
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
3
Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 2010 Volume 74 Issue 4, Pages 217 231
Biological Control
13.Host-seeking behavior and parasitism by Spathius agrili Yang
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of the emerald ash borer
,
Xiao-Yi Wanga, Zhong-Qi Yanga,
, Juli R. Gouldb, Hui Wuc and Jian-Hai Mad
a
The Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forest
Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
b
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture, Otis ANGB, MA 02542 5008,
USA
c
Forestry Bureau of Sanming City in Fujian Province, Sanming, Fujian 365000, China
d
Forest Pest Control Station of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China
Biological Control Volume 52, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 24-29
14.Potential impact and non-target effects of Gallerucida bifasciata
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a candidate biological control agent for
Fallopia japonica
Yangzhou Wanga, b, c, John R.U. Wilsond, e, Jun Zhanga, f, Jialiang Zhanga, g
,
and Jianqing Dinga, g,
a
Wuhan Botanical Garden/Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
b
Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
c
Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
d
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical
Gardens, Claremont, South Africa
e
DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology,
Stellenbosch University, South Africa
f
Department of Plant Protection, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan,
Hubei 430000, China
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
g
Biological Control Volume 53, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 319-324
15.Performance of the biological control agent flea beetle Agasicles
hygrophila (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), on two plant species
Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligatorweed) and A. sessilis (joyweed)
,
Junjiao Lua, Longlong Zhaoa, Ruiyan Maa,
, Pingping Zhanga, Renjun Fanb and Jintong Zhangc
a
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu Shanxi 030801, PR China
b
Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, PR China
c
College of Arts and Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu Shanxi 030801, PR China
Biological Control Volume 54, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages 9-13
16.Improved sporulation of alginate pellets entrapping Pandora nouryi and
millet powder and their potential to induce an aphid epizootic in field
cages after release
Xiang Zhoua and Ming-Guang Feng , a,
a
Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s
Republic of China
Biological Control Volume 54, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 153-158
Bulletin of Entomological Research
17.A pilot study on the molecular phylogeny of Drepanoidea (Insecta:
Lepidoptera) inferred from the nuclear gene EF-1α and the mitochondrial
gene COI
C.G. Wua1a2, H.X. Hana1 and D.Y. Xuea1 c1 xuedy@ioz.ac.cn
a1
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
a2
Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Bulletin of Entomological Research (2010), 100 : 207-216
18.Study on mating ecology and sex ratio of three internally ovipositing fig
wasps of Ficus curtipes
F.P. Zhanga1a2 and D.R. Yanga1 p1 c1 yangdr@xtbg.ac.cn zhangfengpingxinmin@hotmail.com
a1
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
a2
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Bulletin of Entomological Research (2010), 100:241-245
19.Reproductive incompatibility among genetic groups of Bemisia tabaci
supports the proposition that the whitefly is a cryptic species complex
J. Xua1, P.J. De Barroa2 and S.S. Liua1 c1 shshliu@zju.edu.cn
a1
Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute
of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
a2
CSIRO Entomology, Indooroopilly, Brisbane QLD 4068, Australia
Bulletin of Entomological Research (2010), 100:359-366
20.Quantitative variation and biosynthesis of hindgut volatiles associated
with the red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, at different
attack phases
Z.-H. Shia1 and J.-H. Suna1 c1 sunjh@ioz.ac.cn
a1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Bulletin of Entomological Research (2010), 100:273-277
Cell Research
21.Characterization of kinesin-like proteins in silkworm posterior silkgland
cells
Qiao Wang1, Junlin Teng1, Birong Shen1, Wei Zhang1, Yige Guo1, Xiaolei Su1, Chuanxi Zhang3, Albert
CH Yu4 and Jianguo Chen1,2 junlinteng@pku.edu.cn chenjg@pku.edu.cn
1
The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, The State Key
Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking
University, Beijing 100871, China
2
The Center for Theoretical Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The
Key Laboratory for Neuroscience (Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health), Peking
University, Beijing 100191, China
3
4
Cell Research (2010) 20:713–727.
Cell and Tissue Research
22. Localization of serotonin/tryptophan-hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells
in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
Xuexiang Bao1
, Bin Wang1, Jinbei Zhang1, Ting Yan1, Weiping Yang1, Fangchao Jiao1, Jing Liu1 and
1
Shun Wang xuexiangb@yahoo.com.cn
Laboratory of Insect Brain Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University,
Changchun, Jilin, 130024, People’s Republic of China
Cell and Tissue Research Volume 340, Number 1 / April, 2010 51-59
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology
23.Quantitative and qualitative changes of the carboxylesterase associated
with beta-cypermethrin resistance in the housefly, Musca domestica
(Diptera: Muscidae)
,
Lan Zhanga, c, Jing Shia, 1, Xueyan Shia, Pei Lianga, Junping Gaob and Xiwu Gaoa,
a
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
b
Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
c
Institute of plant protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing100193, PR China
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Volume 156, Issue 1, May 2010, Pages 6-11
Crop Protection
24.Insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci biotype Q (Hemiptera:
Aleyrodidae) from China
,
C. Luoa, b, C.M. Jonesb, G. Devineb, F. Zhanga, I. Denholmb and K. Gormanb,
a
Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,
Beijing, China
b
Plant and Invertebrate Ecology Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common,
Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
Crop Protection Volume 29, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 429-434
25.Effects of pigment glands and gossypol on growth, development and
insecticide-resistance of cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigera (Hübner))
,
Guangchao Konga, b, Muhammad. K. Dauda and Shuijin Zhua,
a
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang 310029, P.R. China
b
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, P.R.
China
Crop Protection Volume 29, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 813-819
26.Overwintering hosts of Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae) in
northern China
,
Yanhui Lua, Kongming Wub,
, Kris A.G. Wyckhuysb and Yuyuan Guoa
a
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
b
Horticulture Research Center, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Chia (Cundinamarca),
Colombia
Crop Protection Volume 29, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1026-1033
Development
27.TSC1/2 tumour suppressor complex maintains Drosophila germline stem
cells by preventing differentiation
Pei Sun1,2, Zhenghui Quan2, Bodi Zhang2, Tuoqi Wu2 and Rongwen Xi2,* xirongwen@nibs.ac.cn
Graduate program, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing
100730, China.
2
National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park,
Beijing 102206, China.
Development 137, 2461-2469. August 1, 2010
Ecological Entomology
28.Permeability of receptive fig fruits and its effects on the re-emergence
behaviour of pollinators
HU HAO-YUAN, 1,2 NIU LI-MING, 1,3 MA GUANG-CHANG, 2,3 FU YUE-GUAN, 3 PENG ZHENG-QIANG 3 and
HUANG DA-WEI 4,1 huangdw@ioz.ac.cn
1
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China , 2 Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui
Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China , 3 Key Laboratory of
Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forest Invasive Alien Pests, Ministry of Agriculture,
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,
Danzhou, China and 4 Plant Protection College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
Ecological Entomology 2010 Volume 35 Issue 2, Pages 115 - 125
Environmental Entomology
29.Beet Webworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Migration in China: Evidence
From Genetic Markers
Jiang, Xing-Fu1; Cao, Wei-Ju; Zhang, Lei; Luo, Li-Zhi
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant
Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 232-242(11)
30.Effects of Transgenic Rice Expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab
Protein on Ground-Dwelling Collembolan Community in Postharvest
Seasons
Bai, Y. Y.1; Yan, R. H.; Ye, G. Y.; Huang, F. N.; Cheng, J. A.
Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; College of Plant Protection,
Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 243-251(9)
31.Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Microplitis mediator
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to Caterpillar-Induced Volatiles From Cotton
Yu, Huilin1; Zhang, Yongjun; Wyckhuys, Kris A. G.; Wu, Kongming; Gao, Xiwu; Guo, Yuyuan
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 600-609(10)
32.Impacts of Six Bt Rice Lines on Nontarget Rice Feeding Thrips Under
Laboratory and Field Conditions
Akhtar, Z. R.1; Tian, J. C.; Chen, Y.; Fang, Q.; Hu, C.; Chen, M.; Peng, Y. F.; Ye, G. Y.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of
Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029,
China
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 715-726(12)
33.Superparasitism Behavior and Host Discrimination of Campoletis
chlorideae (Ichneumonidae: Hymenoptera) Toward Mythimna separata
(Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)
Zhang, Ji-Hong1; Gu, Liu-Qi; Wang, Chen-Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1249-1254(6)
34.Genetic Variation of Mitochondrial DNA in Chinese Populations of
Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Liu, Yudi1; Hou, Maolin1; Wu, Kongming2
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China 2: State Key Laboratory for Biology
of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural
Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. kmwu@ippcaas.cn
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1344-1351(8)
35.Laboratory and Field Assessments of Prey-Mediated Effects of Transgenic
Bt Rice on Ummeliata insecticeps (Araneida: Linyphiidae)
Tian, J. C.1; Liu, Z. C.2; Chen, M.3; Chen, Y.1; Chen, X. X.1; Peng, Y. F.4; Hu, C.1; Ye, G. Y.5 State Key
Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop
Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China 2:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China 3:
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station,
Geneva, NY 14456, USA 4: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China 5: State
Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop
Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
chu@zju.edu.cn
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1369-1377(9)
36.Effects of Transgenic Bt Cotton on the Population Density, Oviposition
Behavior, Development, and Reproduction of a Nontarget Pest,
Adelphocoris suturalis (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Li, Guoping1; Feng, Hongqiang2; Chen, Peiyu3; Wu, Shaoying4; Liu, Bing1; Qiu, Feng1 1: Institute of
Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China 2: Institute of
Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
feng_hq@163.com 3: College of Plant Protection, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002,
China 4: College of Plant Protection, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1378-1387(10)
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
37.Effect of food deprivation on the ambulatory movement of the Colorado
potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Lian-You Gui 1 & G. Boiteau 2* Gilles.Boiteau@agr.gc.ca
1
College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Hubei 434025, China , and 2 Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canada, Potato Research Station, 850 Lincoln Road, P.O. Box 20280, Fredericton, NB, E3B 4Z7 Canada
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 134 Issue 2, Pages 138 - 145
38.Elevated CO2 lessens predation of Chrysopa sinica on Aphis gossypii
Feng Gao 1 , Fajun Chen 2 & Feng Ge 1* gef@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China , and 2 Department of Entomology, Nanjing
Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 135 Issue 2, Pages 135 - 140
39.Physiological trade-offs between flight muscle and reproductive
development in the wing-dimorphic cricket Velarifictorus ornatus
Lv-Quan Zhao 1 , Dao-Hong Zhu 2,3* & Yang Zeng 2 daohongzhuja@yahoo.com.cn
1
Laboratory of Entomology, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology,
Changsha, Hunan 410004, China , 2 Laboratory of Entomology, College of Life Science and Technology,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China , and 3 Hunan
First Normal University Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 135 Issue 3, Pages 288 - 294
40.Effects of elevated CO2 associated with maize on multiple generations of
the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera
Jin Yin 1,2 , Yucheng Sun 1 , Gang Wu 3 & Feng Ge 1* gef@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China , 2 Graduate School, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing 100039, China , and 3 College of Plant Science & Technology of Huazhong
Agricultural University, Hubei 430070, China
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010Volume 136 Issue 1, Pages 12 - 20
41.An energy budget approach for evaluating the biocontrol potential of
cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) by the ladybeetle Propylaea japonica
Feng Gao 1,2 , John Jifon 3 , Xiang-Hui Liu 1 & Feng Ge 1* gef@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China , 2 College of Agriculture and biotechnology,
China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China , and 3 Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M
University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 136 Issue 1, Pages 72 - 79
42.Synergistic sex pheromone components of the grey-spotted tussock
moth, Orgyia ericae
Guo-Fa Chen1, Mao-Ling Sheng1, Tao Li1, Jocelyn G. Millar2, Qing-He Zhang3,* qing-he@rescue.com
1
General Station of Forest Pest Management, State Forestry Administration, No. 58, North Huanghe
Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China
2
Department of Entomology, University of California, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
3
Sterling International, Inc., 3808 N. Sullivan Rd, Bldg 16p, Spokane, WA 99216-1630, USA
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Volume 136, Issue 3, pages 227–234,
September 2010
43.Effects of putrescine on diapause induction and intensity, and postdiapause development of Helicoverpa armigera
Sheng-Bing Wu, Man-Qun Wang* & Guoan Zhang mqwang@mail.hzau.edu.cn
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant
Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 136 Issue 2, Pages 199 - 205
Entomological Science
44.New archisargids from China (Insecta: Diptera)
Kuiyan ZHANG 1 , Ding YANG 1 , Dong REN 2 and Chungkun SHIH 2 dyangcau@yahoo.com.cn
1
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, and 2 Key Laboratory of Insect Evolution
& Environmental Changes, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
Entomological Science 2010 Volume 13 Issue 1, Pages 75 - 80
45.Taxonomic review of the genus Pseudostegania Butler, 1881, with
description of four new species and comments on its tribal placement in
the Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Hongxiang HAN, 1 Dieter STÜNING 2 and Dayong XUE 3 xuedy@ioz.ac.cn
1,3
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China; and 2 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160,
Bonn, Germany
Entomological Science 2010 Volume 13 Issue 2, Pages 234 - 249
Eur. J. Entomol
46.Relationship between the natural duration of diapause and post-diapause
reproduction in the cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae)
WEI X.-T., ZHOU Y.-C., XIAO H.-J., WANG X.-P., BAO Z.-M. & XUE F.-S.* xue_fangsen@hotmail.com
Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China; e-mail:
Eur. J. Entomol. 2010, 107(3): 337–340
47.Systematics and biogeography of the Indo-Malaysian endemic
Neochauliodes sundaicus species-group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae)
LIU X.*, HAYASHI F., FLINT O.S., JR & YANG D.
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; e-mail:
liu_xingyue@yahoo.com.cn
Eur. J. Entomol. 2010, 107(3): 425–440
Genes, Brain and Behavior
48.NMDA receptors-dependent plasticity in the phototaxis preference
behavior induced by visual deprivation in young and adult flies
M. Zhou †,‡ , Z. Lei ‡,§ , H. Li ‡,§ , W. Yi †,‡ , Z. Zhang †,‡ and A. Guo *,†,§ akguo@ion.ac.cn
†
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China , ‡ Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and §
State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
Genes, Brain and Behavior 2010 Volume 9 Issue 3, Pages 325 - 334
Heredity
49.Host-associated divergence and incipient speciation in the yucca moth
Prodoxus
coloradensis (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) on three species of host plants
C S Drummond1,3, H-J Xue1,2,3, J B Yoder1 and O Pellmyr1cdrummon@uidaho.edu
1
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
2
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
Heredity (2010) 105, 183–196
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular biology
50.Native subunit composition of two insect nicotinic receptor subtypes with
differing affinities for the insecticide imidacloprid
Jian Lia, 1, Ying Shaoa, 1, Zhiping Dinga, Haibo Baoa, Zewen Liua, , Zhaojun Hana and Neil S. Millarb
a
Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture,
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, China
b
Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 1722
51.Diverse cadherin mutations conferring resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis
toxin Cry1Ac in Helicoverpa armigera
Jing Zhaoa, Lin Jina, Yihua Yanga and Yidong Wu , a,
a
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects (Ministry of Agriculture), Nanjing 210095, China
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages
113-118
52.Identification of the chitin-binding proteins from the larval proteins of
silkworm, Bombyx mori
Liang Tanga, , Jiubo Lianga, , Zhigao Zhana, , Zhonghuai Xianga, and Ningjia He
a
The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry,
College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
, a,
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 228234
53.Shotgun proteomic analysis on the embryos of silkworm Bombyx mori at
the end of organogenesis
Jian-ying Lia, S. Hossein Hosseini Moghaddama, c, Jin-e Chena, Ming Chenb and
,
Bo-xiong Zhonga,
a
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
b
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
c
Agriculture Faculty, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 293302
54.Cloning and characterization of acetylcholinesterase 1 genes from
insecticide-resistant field populations of Liposcelis paeta Pearman
(Psocoptera: Liposcelididae)
,
Shuang Wua, b, Ming Lia, Pei-An Tanga, c, Gary W. Feltonb and Jin-Jun Wanga,
a
Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest
University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
b
Department of Entomology, Center for Chemical Ecology, Penn State University, University Park, PA
16802, USA
c
School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing
210003, PR China
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 415-424
55.Molecular cloning and characterization of a prenyltransferase from the
cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii
Guang-Yuan Maa, Xiao-Fang Suna, Yong-Lei Zhanga, Zheng-Xi Li , a, and Zuo-Rui Shena
a
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing
100094, China
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 552-561
56.The G protein-coupled receptors in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Yi Fana, Peng Sunb, Yu Wangb, Xiaobai Hea, Xiaoyan Denga, Xiaopan Chena, Guozheng Zhangc, Xin
,
,
Chenb,
and Naiming Zhoua,
a
Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
b
Department of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
c
Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang,
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 581591
57.Molecular characterization and RNA interference of three midgut
aminopeptidase N isozymes from Bacillus thuringiensis-susceptible and resistant strains of sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis
,
Yunlong Yanga, Yu Cheng Zhub,
, James Otteaa, Claudia Hussenedera, B. Rogers Leonarda, Craig
Abelb and Fangneng Huanga
a
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803,
USA
b
Jamie Whitten Delta States Research Center, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 346, 141 Experiment Station Rd.,
Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 592603
Insect Molecular Biology
58.Pharmacological characterization of cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids in
relation to imidacloprid binding sites in the brown planthopper,
Nilaparvata lugens
X. Xu*‡, H. Bao†‡, X. Shao*, Y. Zhang†, X. Yao†, Z. Liu† and Z. Li* jemunson@njau.edu.cn
lizhong@ecust.edu.cn
*Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science
and Technology, Shanghai, China; and †Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant
Disease and Insect, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University,
Nanjing, China
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 1, Pages 1 - 8
59.A cathepsin L-like proteinase is involved in moulting and metamorphosis
in Helicoverpa armigera
L.-F. Wang*, L.-Q. Chai*, H.-J. He, Q. Wang, J.-X. Wang and X.-F. Zhao xfzhao@sdu.edu.cn
School of Life Sciences, the Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 1, Pages 99 - 111
60.Identification of an E-box DNA binding protein, activated protein 4, and
its function in regulating the expression of the gene encoding diapause
hormone and pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide in
Helicoverpa armigera
C-H. Hu, B. Hong and W-H. Xu xuweihua@mail.sysu.edu.cn
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University,
Guangzhou, China
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 2, Pages 243 - 252
61.PiggyBac-like elements in the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella
J. Wang*†, E. D. Miller‡, G. S. Simmons‡, T. A. Miller§, B. E. Tabashnik¶ and Y. Park* ypark@ksu.edu
*Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; †College of Horticulture
and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; ‡USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST, Decision
Support and Pest Management Systems Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ, USA; §Department of Entomology,
University of California, Riverside, CA, USA; and ¶Department of Entomology, University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ, USA
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 2, Pages 177 - 184
62.Selectivity of lynx proteins on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in
the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens
B. Yang*, X. Yao†, S. Gu‡, Y. Zhang†, Z. Liu† and Y. Zhang‡ jemunson@njau.edu.cn
yjzhang@ippcaas.cn
*Rice Technology Research and Development Center, China National Rice Research Institute,
Hangzhou; ‡State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant
Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; and †Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection,
Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 3, Pages 283 - 289
63.Comparative analysis of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus responsive
genes in fat body and haemocyte of B. mori resistant and susceptible
strains
Y-Y. Bao, Z-Y. Lv, Z-B. Liu, J. Xue, Y-P. Xu and C-X. Zhang chxzhang@zju.edu.cn
Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of
Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 3, Pages 347 - 358
64.Apis mellifera has two isoforms of cytoplasmic HSP90
P. J. Xu*†, J. H. Xiao*, Q. Y. Xia‡, B. Murphy§ and D. W. Huang*¶ huangdw@ioz.ac.cn
*Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China; †Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; ‡The
Key Sericultural Laboratory of the Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China;
¶College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China; and
§Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 4, Pages 593 - 597
Insect Science
65.The silkworm homolog of Methoprene-tolerant (Met) gene reveals
sequence conservation but function divergence
Zhi-Qing Li1,*, Dao-Jun Cheng1,*, Ling Wei2, Ping Zhao1, Xu Shu1, Lin Tang1, Zhong-Huai Xiang1, QingYou Xia1,3xiaqy@swu.edu.cn
1
The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing
2
School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing
3
The Institute of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Insect Science DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01314.x
66.Impacts of transgenic Bt cotton on the stylet penetration behaviors
of Bemisia tabaci biotype B: Evidence from laboratory experiments
Hai-Di Yin1, Xiao-Ying Wang1, Kun Xue1, Cui-Hong Huang1, Rong-Jiang Wang1, Feng-Ming Yan1,2,
Chong-Ren Xu1 fmyan@pku.edu.cn
1
College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
2
College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
Insect Science DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01313.x
67.Effects of abamectin selection on the genetic differentiation within
Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) based on amplified
fragment length polymorphism
Xiao-Mao Zhou1,2, Qing-Jun Wu1, You-Jun Zhang1, Lian-Yang Bai2, Xiong-Ying Huang2
wuqj@mail.caas.net.cn, wuqj@sina.com
1
Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
2
Department of Pesticide Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
Insect Science DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2009.01307.x
Insectes Sociaux
68.Competition hierarchy and plant defense in a guild of ants on tropical
Passiflora
F. F. Xu1, 2 and J. Chen1
cj@xtbg.org.cn
Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
Insectes Sociaux Volume 57, Number 3 / August, 2010 343-349
Journal of Applied Entomology
69.Predicting potential distribution of chestnut phylloxerid (Hemiptera:
Phylloxeridae) based on GARP and Maxent ecological niche models
X. Y. Wang
1,2
, X. L. Huang
1
, L. Y. Jiang
1
& G. X. Qiao
1
qiaogx@ioz.ac.cn
1 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 1, Pages 45 - 54
70.Mass releases of Trichogramma ostriniae increase maize production in
DPR Korea
F. Zhang 1,2 , D. Babendreier 1 , Z.-Y. Wang 2 , K. S. Il 3 , L. Zheng 4 , Y. C. Pyon 3 , S.-X. Bai 2 , K.
Song 4 , J. O. Ri 3 , M. Grossrieder 1 & U. Kuhlmann 1 d.babendreier@cabi.org
1 CABI Europe-Switzerland – Agricultural Pest Research, Delémont, Switzerland
2 MOA – CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of
Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
3 Plant Protection Institute, Pyongyang, Korea
4 Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, Hebei,
China
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 5, Pages 481 - 490
71.Cross-resistance of Cry1Ab-selected Asian corn borer to other Cry toxins
L. Xu 1 , Z. Wang 1 , J. Zhang 1 , K. He 1 , N. Ferry 2 & A. M. R. Gatehouse 2 kanglai.he@263.net
a.m.r.gatehouse@newcastle.ac.uk
1 The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
2 Institute for Research on Environment and Sustainability, School of Biology, University of Newcastle,
Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 5, Pages 429 - 438
72.Electrophysiological responses of Batocera horsfieldi (Hope) adults to
plant volatiles
P.-P. Zhuge, S.-L. Luo, M.-Q. Wang & G. Zhang mqwang@mail.hzau.edu.cn Man-Qun Wang
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant
Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 7, Pages 600 - 607
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
73.Mutations of an Arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase, Bm-iAANAT, Are
Responsible for Silkworm Melanism Mutant *
Fang-yin Dai‡,1, Liang Qiao‡,1, Xiao-ling Tong‡§,1, Cun Cao‡, Peng Chen‡, Jun Chen‡, Cheng Lu‡,2 and
Zhong-huai Xiang‡lucheng@swu.edu.cn
From the ‡College of Biotechnology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University,
Chongqing 400715, China and
the §Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285, 19553-19560. June 18, 2010
74.Disruption of Lysosome Function Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis
in Drosophila*
Congwu Chi‡,1, Huanhu Zhu‡,1, Min Han‡§,2, Yuan Zhuang‡¶, Xiaohui Wu‡,3 and Tian Xu‡‖,2,4
xiaohui_wu@fudan.edu.cn tian.xu@yale.edu
From the ‡Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Fudan-Yale Center for Biomedical Research,
School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China,
the §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of
Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0347,
the ¶Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27701, and
the ‖Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven,
Connecticut 06536
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285, 21817-21823. July 9, 2010
Journal of Chemical Ecology
75.Changes of Sex Pheromone Communication Systems Associated with
Tebufenozide and Abamectin Resistance in Diamondback Moth, Plutella
xylostella (L.)
Zhen Xu1, Guang-Chun Cao2 and Shuang-Lin Dong1
sldong@njau.edu.cn
Entomology Department/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects,
Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
Journal of Chemical Ecology Volume 36, Number 5 / May, 2010 526-534
76.Biosynthesis of Unusual Moth Pheromone Components Involves Two
Different Pathways in the Navel Orangeworm, Amyelois transitella
Hong-Lei Wang1, 2, Cheng-Hua Zhao2, Jocelyn G. Millar3, Ring T. Cardé3 and Christer Löfstedt1
Department of Ecology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, The
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
Journal of Chemical Ecology Volume 36, Number 5 / May, 2010 535-547
Journal of Economic Entomology
77.Differential Accumulation of Phytohormones in Wheat Seedlings Attacked
by Avirulent and Virulent Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Larvae
Zhu, Lieceng; Liu, Xiang; Chen, Ming-Shun
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 178-185(8)
78.Pyriproxyfen Resistance of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)
Biotype B: Metabolic Mechanism
Ma, W.; Li, X.; Dennehy, T. J.; Lei, C.; Wang, M.; Degain, B. A.; Nichols, R. L.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 158-165(8)
79.Response of Tomicus yunnanensis (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) to Infested
and Uninfested Pinus yunnanensis Bolts
Liu, Hui; Zhang, Zhen; Ye, Hui; Wang, Hongbin; Clarke, Stephen R.; Jun, Lu
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 95-100(6)
80.Sulfuryl Fluoride as a Quarantine Treatment for Chlorophorus annularis
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Chinese Bamboo Poles
Yu, Daojian; Barak, Alan V.; Jiao, Yi; Chen, Zhinan; Zhang, Guiming; Chen, Zhilin; Kang, Lin; Yang,
Weidong
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 277-283(7)
81.Insecticidal Activity of Camptothecin Against Nilaparvata lugens,
Brevicoryne brassicae, and Chilo suppressalis
Ma, Jianyi; Tong, Senmiao; Wang, Pinwei; Liao, Wenli; Liu, Hongbo; Zhang, Liqin
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 492-496(5)
82.Risk of Introducing Exotic Fruit Flies, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis cosyra,
and Ceratitis rosa (Diptera: Tephritidae), Into Southern China
Li, Baini; Ma, Jun; Hu, Xuenan; Liu, Haijun; Wu, Jiajiao; Chen, Hongjun; Zhang, Runjie
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 11001111(12)
83.Resistance of Cultivated Rice Varieties to Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Xu, Jie; Wang, Qi-Xiang; Wu, Jin-Cai
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 11661171(6)
84.Insecticide Resistance Status of Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae) Adults in Northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Jiang, Wei-Hua; Wang, Zhi-Tian; Xiong, Man-Hui; Lu, Wei-Ping; Liu, Ping; Guo, Wen-Chao; Li, GuoQing
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 13651371(7)
85.Assessment of the Contact Toxicity of Methyl Palmitate on Tetranychus
viennensis (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Wang, Y. N.; Wang, H. X.; Jin, Y. S.; Bu, C. Y.; Cheng, J.; Zhao, L. L.; Shi, G. L.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 13721377(6)
86.Silicon-Mediated Rice Plant Resistance to the Asiatic Rice Borer
(Lepidoptera: Crambidae): Effects of Silicon Amendment and Rice Varietal
Resistance
Hou, Maolin; Han, Yongqiang
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 14121419(8)
87.Transgenic Rice Plants Expressing a Fused Protein of Cry1Ab/Vip3H Has
Resistance to Rice Stem Borers Under Laboratory and Field Conditions
Chen, Yang; Tian, Jun-Ce; Shen, Zhi-Chen; Peng, Yu-Fa; Hu, Cui; Guo, Yu-Yuan; Ye, Gong-Yin
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 14441453(10)
Journal of Experimental Biology
88. Comb construction in mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana
and Apis mellifera
Ming-Xian Yang1,2, Ken Tan2,3, Sarah E. Radloff4,*, Mananya Phiancharoen5 and H. Randall Hepburn1,2
s.radloff@ru.ac.za
1
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
2
Eastern Bee Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province 650201, People's Republic of China
3
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province,
650223, People's Republic of China
4
Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
5
Rachaburi campus, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachautid Road, Bangkok
10140, Thailand
Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1659-1664 (2010)
89. Effects of wing deformation on aerodynamic forces in hovering hoverflies
Gang Du* and Mao Sun dugang@buaa.edu.cn
Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and
Astronautics, Beijing, China
Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 2273-2283 (2010)
90.Tarsal taste neuron activity and proboscis extension reflex in response to
sugars and amino acids in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)
Yun-Feng Zhang1, Joop J. A. van Loon2 and Chen-Zhu Wang1,* czwang@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
2
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The
Netherlands
Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 2889-2895 (2010)
Journal of Insect behaviour
91.Calling Behavior and Rhythms of Sex Pheromone Production in the Black
Cutworm Moth in China
Yu-yong Xiang1, 2, Mao-fa Yang1
and Zi-zhong Li1 yangmaofa68@hotmail.com
1Key Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Pest Management in Mountain Agriculture of Guizhou Province,
Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
2Department of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, 239012, Anhui, China
Journal of Insect Behavior Volume 23, Number 1 / January, 2010 35-44
92. Anti-predator Fan-blowing in Guard Bees, Apis mellifera capensis Esch
Minxian Yang1, 2, Sarah Radloff3
, Ken Tan2 and Randall Hepburn1, 2
1Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South
Africa
2Eastern Bee Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province, People’s Republic of China
3Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South Africa
Journal of Insect Behavior Volume 23, Number 1 / January, 201012-18
93.Nestmate Recognition Differences between Honeybee Colonies of Apis
cerana and Apis mellifera
Ken Tan1, 2, Zheng-Wei Wang2, Mingxian Yang2, 3, Randall Hepburn2, 3 and Sarah Radloff4
s.radloff@ru.ac.za
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province,
6502231, People’s Republic of China
Eastern Bee Research Institute of Yunnan, Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province, People’s Republic of China
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South
Africa
Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South Africa
Journal of Insect Behavior 2010 381-388 10.1007/s10905-010-9220-1
94.Sex-Ratio Bias in Alates of Polygyne Colonies of the Red Imported Fire
Ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in China
J. W. Ye1, Y. Y. Lu1, Y. J. Xu1
and L. Zeng1
xuyijuan@yahoo.com zengling@scau.edu.cn
Red Imported Fire Ant Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China,
510642
Journal of Insect Behavior 2010 396-40410.1007/s10905-010-9222-z
Journal of Insect Conservation
95.On the conservation biology of a Chinese population of the birdwing
Troides aeacus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Xiu-shan Li1, 2, 3
, You-qing Luo1, Ya-lin Zhang2, Oliver Schweiger4, Josef Settele4
and Qingsen Yang5 xiushanli@vip.163.com
Key Laboratory of Forests, Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, 100083 Beijing, China
Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education,
Entomological Museum of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi,
China
The Station of Forests Pests and Diseases Control and Quarantine, 730050 Lanzhou, Gansu Province,
China
UFZ-Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, TheodorLieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
The Station of Forests Pests and Diseases Control and Quarantine, 741020 Xiaolongshan, Tianshui,
China
Journal of Insect Conservation Volume 14, Number 3 / June, 2010 257-268
Journal of Insect Physiology
96.Analysis of pupal head proteome and its alteration in diapausing pupae of
Helicoverpa armigera
Lizhen Chen1, a, Weihua Ma1, a, Xiaoping Wanga, Changying Niua andChaoliang Lei , a,
a
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 247-252
97.Methanol metabolism in the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
,
,
Lei Guoa, 1, Xiang-Yong Zengb, a, 1, Deng-Yuan Wangb,
and Guo-Qing Lia,
a
Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University,
Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Pests,
Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
b
College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 260-265
98.A proteomic analysis of Helicoverpa armigera adults after exposure to UV
light irradiation
Jian-Yu Meng1, a, Chang-Yu Zhang1, a and Chao-Liang Lei , a,
a
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
Institute of Insect Resources, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 405-411
99.Sequencing and characterization of six cDNAs putatively encoding three
pairs of pheromone receptors in two sibling species, Helicoverpa
armigera and Helicoverpa assulta
,
Dan-Dan Zhanga, Kun Yan Zhub and Chen-Zhu Wanga,
a
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents,
Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road,
Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
b
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 586-593
100.
Characterization of a Cry1Ac toxin-binding alkaline phosphatase in
the midgut from Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) larvae
,
Changming Ninga, b, Kongming Wua,
, Chenxi Liua, Yulin Gaoa,
Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentesc and Xiwu Gaob
a
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
b
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
c
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 666-672
101.
Thermoregulation in mixed-species colonies of honeybees (Apis
cerana and Apis mellifera)
,
Ming-Xian Yanga, b, Zheng-Wei Wangb, Hua Lib, Zu-Yun Zhangb, Ken Tanb, Sarah E. Radloffc,
H. Randall Hepburna, b
a
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
b
Eastern Bee Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province, People's Republic of China
c
Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
and
Journal of Insect PhysiologyVolume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 706-709
102.
Antisera-mediated in vivo reduction of Cry1Ac toxicity in
Helicoverpa armigera
,
Chenxi Liua, Yulin Gaoa, Changming Ninga, b, Kongming Wua,
, Brenda Oppertc and Yuyuan Guoa
a
State Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Science, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, China
b
Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University,
West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, China
c
USDA ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS
66502, USA
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 718-724
103.
A chymotrypsin-like serine protease cDNA involved in food protein
digestion in the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura: Cloning,
characterization, developmental and induced expression patterns, and
localization
Chun Zhanga, Daohua Zhoua, Sichun Zhenga, Lin Liua, Shu Taob, Li Yangb, Songnian Hub and Qili Fenga,
,
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences,
South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
b
CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
a
Journal of Insect PhysiologyVolume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 788-799
104.
Characterization of a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene from
Spodoptera exigua and its function identification through RNA
interference
Bin Tanga, b, Jie Chena, Qiong Yaoa, Zhanqing Pana, Weihua Xua, Shigui Wangb and Wenqing Zhanga,
,
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou,
Guangdong 510275, China
b
Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, Hangzhou Normal University,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
a
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 813-821
,
105.
Triazophos up-regulated gene expression in the female brown
planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens
Yan-Yuan Baoa, Bao-Ling Lia, Zhao-Bu Liua, Jian Xuea, Zeng-Rong Zhua, Jia-An Chenga and Chuan-Xi
Zhang , a,
a
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology
of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029,
China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1087-1094
106.
Differential gene expression of the honey bees Apis mellifera and A.
cerana induced by Varroa destructor infection
,
Yi Zhanga, b, Xuejiao Liuc, d, Wenqing Zhanga and Richou Hanb,
a
College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
b
Guangdong Entomological Institute, 105 Xingang Road W., 510260 Guangzhou, China
c
South China Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
d
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1207-1218
107.
The gut transcriptome of a gall midge, Mayetiola destructor
Shize Zhanga, Richard Shukleb, Omprakash Mittapallic, Yu Cheng Zhud, John C. Reesee, Haiyan Wangf,
,
,
Bao-Zhen Huaa and Ming-Shun Cheng,
a
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
b
USDA-ARS, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
c
Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development
Center, Wooster, OH 44691, United States
d
USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, PO Box 346, Stoneville, MS 38776, United States
e
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
f
Department of Statistics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
g
USDA-ARS and Department Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United
States
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1198-1206
108.
Are color or high rearing density related to migratory polyphenism
in the band-winged grasshopper, Oedaleus asiaticus?
,
,
Arianne J. Ceasea,
, Shuguang Haob, Le Kangb, James J. Elsera and Jon F. Harrisona
a
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
b
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 926-936
109.
Molecular cloning and temporal–spatial expression of I element in
gregarious and solitary locusts
W. Guo1, a, X.H. Wang1, a, D.J. Zhaoa, P.C. Yanga and L. Kang , a,
a
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 943-948
110.
Geographic differences on accumulation of sugars and polyols in
locust eggs in response to cold acclimation
X.H. Wanga, X.L. Qia and L. Kang , a,
a
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 966-970
111.
Transcriptional regulation of the insulin signaling pathway genes
by starvation and 20-hydroxyecdysone in the Bombyx fat body
Yan Liua, Shun Zhoua, Li Maa, Ling Tiana, Sheng Wanga, Zhentao Shenga, Rong-Jing Jianga, William G.
,
Bendenab and Sheng Lia,
a
Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Evolution, Institute of Plant Physiology and
Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032,
China
b
Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. K7L 3N6, Canada
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1436-1444
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
112.
A new rod-shaped virus from parasitic wasp Diachasmimorpha
longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Li Luoa and Ling Zeng , a,
a
Laboratory of Insect Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District,
Guangzhou 510642, China
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 103, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 165-169
113.
Expression and characterization of the chitinases from Serratia
marcescens GEI strain for the control of Varroa destructor, a honey bee
parasite
Shuang Tua, b, Xuehong Qiub, Li Caob, Richou Hanb, , Yi Zhanga, b and Xuejiao Liuc, d
richou-han@163.net
a
College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
b
Guangdong Entomological Institute, 510260 Guangzhou, China
c
South China Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
d
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 104, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 75-82
114.
Characterization of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac
in Plutella xylostella from China
Youjing Gonga, Chongli Wanga, Yihua Yanga, Shuwen Wua and Yidong Wu , a,
a
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University,
Nanjing 210095, China
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 104, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 90-96
115.
Differential fluctuation in virulence and VOC profiles among
different cultures of entomopathogenic fungi
Abid Hussain , a, , Ming-Yi Tiana, Yu-Rong Hea and Yan-Yuan Leia
a
Department of Entomology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural
University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 104, Issue 3, July 2010, Pages 166-171
The Journal of Neuroscience
116.
The Amiloride-Sensitive Epithelial Na+ Channel PPK28 Is Essential
for Drosophila Gustatory Water Reception
Zijing Chen,1,2 Qingxiu Wang,1 and Zuoren Wang1 ZuorenWang@ion.ac.cn
1
Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Sciences and 2Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
The Journal of Neuroscience, May 5, 2010, 30(18):6247-6252
Journal of Pest Science
117.
Influence of five host plants of Aphis gossypii Glover on some
population parameters of Hippodamia variegata (Goeze)
Xiu-Hua Wu1, Xiao-Rong Zhou1 and Bao-Ping Pang1
pangbp@imau.edu.cn
College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010019 Hohhot, China
Journal of Pest Science Volume 83, Number 2 / May, 2010 77-83
118.
Phylogenetic analysis of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
populations from cotton plants in Pakistan, China, and Egypt
Muhammad Z. Ahmed1
, Shun-Xiang Ren1, Nasser S. Mandour2, M. N. Maruthi3, Muhammad Naveed4
1
and Bao-Li Qiu
baileyqiu@yahoo.com.cn
Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, 510640 Guangzhou, China
Department of Plant Protection, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
Plant, Animal and Human Health Group, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham
Maritime, Kent, UK
Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
Journal of Pest Science Volume 83, Number 2 / May, 2010 135-141
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
119.
Hsc70 binds to ultraspiracle resulting in the upregulation of 20hydroxyecdsone-responsive genes in Helicoverpa armigera
Wei-Wei Zhenga, Dan-Tong Yanga, Jin-Xing Wanga, Qi-Sheng Songb, Lawrence I. Gilbertc and Xiao-Fan
,
Zhaoa,
a
School of Life Sciences, the Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Road 27, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
b
Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
c
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Volume 315, Issues 1-2, 5 February 2010, Pages
282-291
Nature Biotechnology
120.
Single base–resolution methylome of the silkworm reveals a sparse
epigenomic map
Hui Xiang, Jingde Zhu, Quan Chen, Fangyin Dai, Xin Li, Muwang Li, Hongyu Zhang, Guojie Zhang, Dong Li, Yang Dong, Li Zhao, Ying Lin,
Daojun Cheng, Jian Yu, Jinfeng Sun,Xiaoyu Zhou, Kelong Ma, Yinghua He, Yangxing Zhao, Shicheng Guo, Mingzhi Ye, Guangwu Guo,
Yingrui Li, Ruiqiang Li, Xiuqing Zhang, Lijia Ma, Karsten Kristiansen, Qiuhong Guo, Jianhao Jiang, Stephan Beck, Qingyou Xia, Wen Wang
& Jun Wang
CAS-Max Planck Junior Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, The
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
Cancer Epigenetics and Gene Therapy Program, The State-key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute,
Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, College of Biotechnology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biol ogy,
Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China.
Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Shanghai, China.
UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
Nature Biotechnology 28, 516–520 (2010)
Naturwissenschaften
121.
Form and nature of precopulatory sexual selection in both sexes of
a moth
Jin Xu1 and Qiao Wang1
Q.Wang@massey.ac.nz
Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Naturwissenschaften Volume 97, Number 7 / July, 2010 617-625
Physiological Entomology
122.
Post-ingestive effect of plant phenolics on the feeding behaviour of
the honeybee Apis cerana
YULAN LIU 1,2 and FANGLIN LIU 1 flliu@xtbg.ac.cn
1
Key Laboratory of Tropical Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Kunming, China and 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Physiological Entomology Volume 35 Issue 2, Pages 175 – 178 11 Jan 2010
PNAS
123.
Functional feedback from mushroom bodies to antennal lobes in
the Drosophila olfactory pathway
Aiqun Hua,1, Wei Zhanga,b,1, and Zuoren Wanga,2zuorenwang@ion.ac.cn
Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Sciences, and
b
Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031,
China
a
PNAS June 1, 2010 vol. 107 no. 22 10262-10267
124.
Adverse interactions between micro-RNAs and target genes from
different species
Tian Tanga,b,1, Supriya Kumarb,1, Yang Shena,b, Jian Lub, Mao-Lien Wub, Suhua Shia, Wen-Hsiung Lib,c,2,
and Chung-I Wua,b,d,2cw16@uchicago.edu or wli@uchicago.edu
a
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
510275, China;
b
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
c
Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; and
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing
Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300, China
d
PNAS July 20, 2010 vol. 107 no. 29 12935-12940
125.
Repression of tyrosine hydroxylase is responsible for the sex-linked
chocolate mutation of the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Chun Liua, Kimiko Yamamotob, Ting-Cai Chengc, Keiko Kadono-Okudab, Junko Narukawab, Shi-Ping Liua,
Yu Hana, Ryo Futahashid, Kurako Kidokorob, Hiroaki Nodab, Isao Kobayashib, Toshiki Tamurab, Akio
Ohnumae, Yutaka Bannof, Fang-Ying Daia, Zhong-Huai Xianga, Marian R. Goldsmithg, Kazuei Mitab,1,
and Qing-You Xiaa,c,1 xiaqy@swu.edu.cn or kmita@nias.affrc.go.jp
a
Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology,
Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
b
National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;
c
Institute of Agronomy and Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
d
Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan;
e
Institute of Sericulture, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0324, Japan;
f
Institute of Genetic Resources, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Science, Kyushu
University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan; and
g
Biological Sciences Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881
PNAS July 20, 2010 vol. 107 no. 29 12980-12985
Systematic Entomology
126.
A review of the morphologically diverse leafhopper subfamily
Stegelytrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with description of new taxa
CONG WEI 1,2 , MICHAEL D. WEBB 2 and YALIN ZHANG 1 m.webb@nhm.ac.uk
1
Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education,
Entomological Museum, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China and
Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K.
Systematic Entomology 2010 Volume 35 Issue 1, Pages 19 - 58
Science
127.
Mirid Bug Outbreaks in Multiple Crops Correlated with Wide-Scale
Adoption of Bt Cotton in China
Yanhui Lu,1 Kongming Wu,1,* Yuying Jiang,2 Bing Xia,2 Ping Li,2 Hongqiang Feng,1 Kris A. G.
Wyckhuys,1, Yuyuan Guo1 kmwu@ippcaas.cn
1
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 P.R. China.
2
National Agro-Technical Extension and Service Center, Beijing, 100026 P.R. China.
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1187881
2
Animal Behaviour
A comparison of female fitness between monogamy and polyandry in the
cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi
Xing-Ping Liua, Hai-Min Hea, Xian-Ju Kuanga and Fang-Sen Xue , a,
a
Institute of Entomology and Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding,
Jiangxi Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation of Double
Cropping Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, China
It is generally thought that females preferentially mate with novel males rather than with
males with which they have recently mated and polyandry can lead to greater
reproductive success. We first examined female mate preference and then compared
mating duration and female fitness between monogamy and polyandry in the cabbage
beetle, Colaphellus bowringi Baly. In a simultaneous choice test, the majority of females
remated with familiar males rather than novel males. Mating also lasted longer with
familiar males. In a second experiment, monogamous females lived longer than
polyandrous females. Although there was no significant difference in egg production
between monogamous and polyandrous females, the former produced more viable eggs,
with a higher hatching rate. These results suggest that monogamy is more advantageous
for female fitness than polyandry in C. bowringi.
Animal BehaviourVolume 79, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1391-1395
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6W9W-4YX0BV24&_user=10&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=b980b7a2fb08532a06c50961b5233d51
Annals of the Entomological Society of America
The Genus Minanga Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in China, With
Description of a New Subgenus and Species
Tan, Jiang-Li; He, Jun-Hua; Chen, Xue-Xin
A new species of Minanga Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Sigalphinae), Minanga
brevicarinata Tan & Chen, sp. nov., from China is described and illustrated. Previously
known mainly from the Afrotropical region (eight species), with one species recently
described from the Nearctic region, the genus is recorded for the first time from the
boundary of Palearctic and Oriental regions. A new subgenus, Anopliminanga subgen.
nov., is proposed to include two species (Minanga achterbergi Sharkey and Minanga
brevicarinata sp. nov.). A key to species of the genus Minanga is updated. The
distribution of Minanga and the new subgenus are briefly discussed.
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 3, May 2010 , pp.
360-365(6)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/2010/00000103/00000003/ar
t00006
Revision of the Melolontha guttigera Group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) With a
Key and an Annotated Checklist of the East and South-East Asian Melolontha
Groups
Li, Chun-Lin; Yang, Ping-Shih; Wang, Chuan-Chan
The Oriental Melolontha guttigera species group is revised with synopsis, a key to species,
description of a new species, redescriptions of known species, remarks, illustrations, and
distribution map. The guttigera species group is the only representative of the genus with
its distribution extending southward from the eastern Himalayas to Indochina and
crossing the equator to Java. Five species are known in this group, including a new
species, M. setifera, from Myanmar. Lectotypes are designated for Melolontha guttigera
Sharp and Melolontha weyersi Brenske. A key for the East and South-East Asian species
group of the genus is provided. An annotated checklist of Melolontha species recorded in
the region is updated in which several nomenclatural changes are proposed as follows:
Hoplosternus carinata Brenske, Hoplosternus malaccensis Moser, Hoplosternus incana
Motschulsky, and Hoplosternus shanghaiana Brenske are transferred to Melolontha;
Melolontha fuliginosa Fairmaire and Melolontha laticauda Bates are transferred to
Exolontha; Hoplosternus laevipennis Blanchard is transferred to Tocama; Hoplosternus
heydeni Moser n. syn. = Melolontha chinensis (Guérin-Méneville); Melolontha nitidicollis
Blanchard n. syn. = Melolontha indica Hope; Hoplosternus bifurcatus Brenske n. syn. =
Melolontha furcienanda Ancey; Melolontha albidiventris Fairmaire n. syn. = Tocama
rubiginosa (Fairmaire); Hoplosternus squamulatus Frey n. syn. = Tocama laevipennis
(Blanchard); Melolontha hualiensis Kobayashi et Chou n. syn. = Melolontha minima
Kobayashi.
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 3, May 2010 , pp.
341-359(19)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/2010/00000103/00000003/ar
t00005
Two New Genera and One New Species of Jurassic Axymyiidae (Diptera:
Nematocera), With Revision and Redescription of the Extinct Taxa
Zhang, Junfeng
One new genus and new species, Sinaxymyia rara gen. et sp. nov., is described.
Juraxymyia gen. nov. is proposed for Psocites fossilis Zhang, 2004. The genus and
species, Psocites pectinatus (Hong, 1983), is redescribed based on new axymyiids from
the Jurassic of China. The systematic positions for Crenoptychoptera decorosa Hao, Dong
et Ren, 2009, Crenoptychoptera vulgaris Hao, Dong et Ren, 2009, and Crenoptychoptera
vicina Hao, Dong et Ren, 2009 are reassessed, these do belong rather to Axymyiidae
than to Eoptychopterinae, Ptychopteridae. All the impressions of male axymyiid flies are
the first description in the geological records of Axymyiidae. Establishing homologies
between the sclerites of the male genitalia of the Jurassic species described here and
recent species of the family is difficult.
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
455-464(10)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/2010/00000103/00000004/ar
t00001
Molecular Cloning and Expression Pattern of a Lysophospholipase Gene From
Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
Liu, Yan-Qun; Li, Yu-Ping; Wu, Song; Xia, Run-Xi; Shi, Sheng-Lin; Qin, Li; Lu, Cheng; Xiang, ZhongHuai
Lysophospholipase (LysoPLA) is one of the most important deacylating phospholipases.
The LysoPLA gene from Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
(ApLysoPLA), a well-known wild silkmoth, was isolated and characterized. The isolated
ApLysoPLA cDNA sequence was 1151 bp, with an open reading frame of 663 bp encoding
a polypeptide of 220 amino acids. The deduced ApLysoPLA protein sequence has 89 and
82% identity with Heliconius reato (L.) LysoPLA and Bombyx mori L. LysoPLA,
respectively; however, it shows 66, 62, 50, and 47% identity with Tribolium castaneum
(Herbst) LysoPLA, Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) LysoPLA, Homo sapiens LysoPLA I,
and Mus musculus LysoPLA I, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that
lepidopteran LysoPLAs, including ApLysoPLA, might be a new member of the LysoPLA
family. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed
that the ApLysoPLA gene was transcribed during four developmental stages (egg, larva,
pupa, and adult) and that it was present in all tissues tested (blood, midgut, silk glands,
Malpighian tubules, spermaries, ovaries, brain, muscle, fat body, and body wall), with the
most abundance in Malpighian tubules. Consequently, we refer that ApLysoPLA plays an
important role in the development of A. pernyi.
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
647-653(7)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/2010/00000103/00000004/ar
t00023
Application of Rough Set Analysis in Species and Caste Discrimination of
Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) Based on Antennal Sensilla
Shang, Lina; Wang, Yinliang; Wang, Panpan; Wang, Shuangwei; Ren, Bingzhong
Using scanning electron microscope, eight types of sensilla were found on the antennae
of all castes in eight Bombus species (Hymenoptera: Apidae) collected in Jilin Province,
China. The numbers of various types of antennal sensilla were analyzed by rough set
data analysis method to determine which sensillum type might be useful in species and
caste discrimination. The results showed that the number of sensilla basiconica A, B (s. t.
a, s. t. b), sensilla trichodea A, B, C/ D (s. t. a, s. t. b, s. t. c/ d) and sensilla placodea (s.
p) can be used in species discrimination, whereas only types s. t. a, s. t. b, and s. t. b
are relevant in caste discrimination. Other types of sensilla had a lower taxonomic value
for species and caste discrimination. This study provides a mathematic reference for the
function research of antennal sensilla of Bombus determined by single-cell recording at
both peripheral and antennal lobe (central nervous system) levels.
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
654-660(7)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/2010/00000103/00000004/ar
t00024
Morphological Characterization and Distribution of Antennal Sensilla of Six Fruit
Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Hu, Fei; Zhang, Guo-Na; Jia, Fu-Xian; Dou, Wei; Wang, Jin-Jun
Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important pests of many fruits and vegetables. In
this study, the external morphology, types, and distribution of antennal sensilla in both
male and female adults of the six fruit fly species, including Bactrocera tau (Walker),
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), Bactrocera minax
(Enderlein), Bactrocera diaphora (Hendel), and Bactrocera scutellata (Hendel), were
observed by using scanning electron microscopy. The antennae of the six fruit fly species
consist of a basal scape, pedicel, and an elongated flagellum. Arising from the proximal
dorsal ridge of flagellum there is an arista consisting of two short basal segments and a
long thin distal segment. Six distinct morphological types of sensilla are recorded in both
sexes, including microtrichial sensilla, sensilla chaetica, sensilla trichoid, sensilla
basiconica, short type of sensilla basiconica, and sensilla coeloconica. The abundance and
distribution of these six sensilla types on the antennae of both sexes are recorded. In
addition, the possible functions of the above-mentioned sensilla types are discussed in
light of previously published literature. The functions include the mechanoreception of
microtrichial sensilla, sensilla chaetica, and sensilla trichoid; olfactory functions of sensilla
basiconic, and sensilla coeloconica; and thermoreception of the short type of sensilla
basiconica. Future functional antennal morphology and electrophysiological studies are
needed to confirm these proposed functions.
Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 103, Number 4, July 2010 , pp.
661-670(10)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/2010/00000103/00000004/ar
t00025
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Helicoverpa armigera cadherin fragment enhances Cry1Ac insecticidal activity
by facilitating toxin-oligomer formation
Donghai Peng1, Xiaohui Xu1, Weixing Ye1, Ziniu Yu1 and Ming Sun1
m98sun@mail.hzau.edu.cn
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong
Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China
The interaction between Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal protein Cry1A and
cadherin receptors in lepidopteran insects induces toxin oligomerization, which is
essential for membrane insertion and mediates Cry1A toxicity. It has been reported that
Manduca sexta cadherin fragment CR12-MPED and Anopheles gambiae cadherin
fragment CR11-MPED enhance the insecticidal activity of Cry1Ab and Cry4Ba to certain
lepidopteran and dipteran larvae species, respectively. This study reports that a
Helicoverpa armigera cadherin fragment (HaCad1) containing its toxin binding region,
expressed in Escherichia coli, enhanced Cry1Ac activity against H. armigera larvae. A
binding assay showed that HaCad1 was able to bind to Cry1Ac in vitro and that this event
did not block toxin binding to the brush border membrane microvilli prepared from H.
armigera. When the residues 1423GVLSLNFQ1430 were deleted from the fragment, the
subsequent mutation peptide lost its ability to bind Cry1Ac and the toxicity enhancement
was also significantly reduced. Oligomerization tests showed that HaCad1 facilitates the
formation of a 250-kDa oligomer of Cry1Ac-activated toxin in the midgut fluid
environment. Oligomer formation was dependent upon the toxin binding to HaCad1,
which was also necessary for the HaCad1-mediated enhancement effect. Our discovery
reveals a novel strategy to enhance insecticidal activity or to overcome the resistance of
insects to B. thuringiensis toxin-based biopesticides and transgenic crops.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Volume 85, Number 4 / January, 2010 10331040
http://www.springerlink.com/content/v1111759150g5131/
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology
Molecular cloning, genomic structure, and genetic mapping of two Rdlorthologous genes of GABA receptors in the diamondback moth, Plutella
xylostella
Guorui Yuan, Weiyue Gao, Yihua Yang, Yidong Wu *wyd@njau.edu.cn
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects (Ministry of Agriculture of China), Nanjing, China
The Resistance to dieldrin (Rdl) gene encodes a subunit of the insect -aminobutyric acid
(GABA) receptor. Cyclodiene resistance in many insects is associated with replacement of
a single amino acid (alanine at position 302) with either a serine or a glycine in the Rdl
gene. Two Rdl-orthologous genes of GABA receptors (PxGABAR 1 and PxGABAR 2) were
cloned and sequenced from a susceptible strain (Roth) of Plutella xylostella. PxGABAR 1
and PxGABAR 2 showed 84% and 77% identity with the Rdl gene of Drosophila
melanogaster at an amino acid level, respectively. The coding regions of PxGABAR 1 and
PxGABAR 2 both comprise ten exons, with two alternative RNA-splicing forms in exon 3
of both genes. At the orthologous position of alanine-302 in D. melanogaster Rdl,
PxGABAR 1 has a conserved alanine at position 282. PxGABAR 2 has a serine instead of
an alanine at the equivalent position. With two informative DNA markers, both
PxGABAR 1 and PxGABAR 2 were mapped onto the Z chromosome of P. xylostella.
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology Volume 74 Issue 2, Pages 81 – 90
10 May 2010
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123416170/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Identification of two piwi genes and their expression profile in honeybee, Apis
mellifera
Zhen Liao, Qidong Jia, Fei Li *, Zhaojun Han lifei@njau.edu.cn
Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
Piwi genes play an important role in regulating spermatogenesis and oogenesis because
they participate in the biogenesis of piRNAs, a new class of noncoding RNAs. However,
these genes are not well understood in most insects. To understand the function of piwi
genes in honeybee reproduction, we amplified two full-length piwi-like genes, Am-aub
and Am-ago3. Both the cloned Am-aub and Am-ago3 genes contained typical PAZ and
PIWI domains and active catalytic motifs Asp-Asp-Asp/His/Glu/Lys, suggesting that the
two piwi-like genes possessed slicer activity. We examined the expression levels of Amaub and Am-ago3 in workers, queens, drones, and female larvae by quantitative PCR.
Am-aub was more abundant than Am-ago3 in all the tested samples. Both Am-aub and
Am-ago3 were highly expressed in drones but not in workers and queens. The significant
finding was that the larval food stream influenced the expression of Piwi genes in adult
honeybees. This helps to understand the nutritional control of reproductive status in
honeybees at the molecular level.
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology Volume 74 Issue 2, Pages 91 – 102
13 May 2010
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123439813/abstract
Metabolism of hydrogen peroxide between diapause and non-diapause eggs of
the silkworm, Bombyx Mori during chilling at 5°C
L.C. Zhao 1, L.G. Shi 2 *slgsilk@zju.edu.cn
1
College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; College of Life Science,
Soochow University, Suzhou, China
2
College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
When diapause and non-diapause eggs of the same bivoltine strain of Bombyx mori were
chilled at 5°C for more than 30 days, the hatchability of diapause eggs increased while
that of non-diapause eggs decreased, respectively. To investigate the relationship
between effects of chilling on the hatchability and the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2), content of H2O2 and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase
(XO), and catalase (CAT) between diapause and non-diapause eggs were determined
during the chilling at 5°C. The significant enhancement of H 2O2 occurred prior to the
quick increase of the hatchability in diapause eggs and coincided with the quick decline of
the hatchability in non-diapause eggs, respectively. Diapause eggs contained significantly
higher H2O2 and XO activity and lower CAT activity compared to non-diapause eggs. Our
results showed that there were significant differences in the metabolism of H 2O2 between
diapause and non-diapause eggs during chilling and that significant enhancement of H 2O2
may be involved in the diapause termination of diapause eggs and the cell damage of
non-diapause eggs.
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology Volume 74 Issue 2, Pages 127 – 134
18 May 2010
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123444295/abstract
All-trans retinoic acid affects subcellular localization of a novel BmNIF3l protein:
functional deduce and tissue distribution of NIF3l gene from silkworm (Bombyx
mori)
Jianqing Chen 1, Qijing Gai 1, Zhengbing Lv 1, Jian Chen 1, Zuoming Nie 1, Xiangfu Wu 2, Yaozhou Zhang
3*
yaozhou@zstu.edu.cn
1
Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
2
Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China and Shanghai Institute of
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
3
Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
A novel cDNA sequence encoding a predicted protein of 271 amino acids containing a
conserved NIF3 domain was found from a pupal cDNA library of silkworm. The
corresponding gene was named BmNIF3l (Bombyx mori NGG1p interacting factor 3-like).
It was found by bioinformatics that BmNIF3l gene consisted of five exons and four
introns and BmNIF3l had a high degree of homology to other NIF3-like proteins,
especially in the N-terminal and C-terminal regions. A His-tagged BmNIF3l fusion protein
with a molecular weight of approximately 33.6 kDa was expressed and purified to
homogeneity. We have used the purified fusion protein to produce polyclonal antibodies
against BmNIF3l for histochemical analysis. Subcellular localization revealed that
BmNIF3l is a cytoplasmic protein that responds to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Western
blotting and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that the
expression level of BmNIF3l is higher in tissues undergoing differentiation. Taken
together, the results suggest that BmNIF3l functions in transcription. © 2010 Wiley
Periodicals, Inc.
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 2010 Volume 74 Issue 4, Pages 217 231
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123581989/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Biological Control
Host-seeking behavior and parasitism by Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera:
Braconidae), a parasitoid of the emerald ash borer
,
Xiao-Yi Wanga, Zhong-Qi Yanga,
, Juli R. Gouldb, Hui Wuc and Jian-Hai Mad
a
The Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forest
Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
b
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture, Otis ANGB, MA 02542 5008,
USA
c
Forestry Bureau of Sanming City in Fujian Province, Sanming, Fujian 365000, China
d
Forest Pest Control Station of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China
Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a newly described and important
idiobiont ectoparasitoid of the emerald ash borer (EAB) that has excellent potential as a
biological control agent against EAB populations in the USA. In order to understand the
ecological factors involved in the search and discovery of concealed hosts by S. agrili, we
investigated the behavioral responses of adult female wasps to potential semiochemicals
from host plants, hosts, and host frass as well as to vibration signals from host feeding
and movement. Using a bioassay, we showed that S. agrili first finds the host’s habitats
by detecting the volatile compounds emitted by ash. In the second phase of host location
and acceptance, the parasitoids detect the mechanical vibrations produced by host
feeding and movement under the surface of the bark and then probe to find the EAB
larvae. Contact chemicals seem to play little or no role in short-range host finding.
Female wasps avoided laying eggs on EAB larvae already parasitized and thus paralyzed.
We hypothesized that female wasps were not attracted to these larvae due to their lack
of feeding or movement. While an induced paralysis in the host is instrumental in
avoiding superparasitism, we cannot rule out that S. agrili females also use an
oviposition pheromone to deter conspecific females. Together, these results suggest that
vibration and olfactory cues play significant roles in distinct phases of S. agrili host
habitat and host location behaviors.
Biological Control Volume 52, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 24-29
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WBP-4X97CYF1&_user=586462&_coverDate=01%2F31%2F2010&_rdoc=5&_fmt=high&_orig=browse&_srch=docinfo(%23toc%236716%232010%23999479998%231565121%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=6716&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=13&_acct=C0
00030078&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=586462&md5=c5e4912e789de704c9cde225ff5ba7ae
Potential impact and non-target effects of Gallerucida bifasciata (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae), a candidate biological control agent for Fallopia japonica
Yangzhou Wanga, b, c, John R.U. Wilsond, e, Jun Zhanga, f, Jialiang Zhanga, g
,
and Jianqing Dinga, g,
a
Wuhan Botanical Garden/Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
b
Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
c
Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
d
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical
Gardens, Claremont, South Africa
e
DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology,
Stellenbosch University, South Africa
f
Department of Plant Protection, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan,
Hubei 430000, China
g
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
A pre-release evaluation of a potential biological control agent is designed to estimate
the impact the agent will have on the target in the introduced range, and whether the
agent poses an acceptable level of risk to biodiversity. Here, we present an evaluation of
the Asian leaf-beetle, Gallerucida bifasciata, a potential biological control agent for
Japanese knotweed, Fallopia japonica. First we tested the impact of different larval and
adult densities on the plant under laboratory conditions. After six weeks, the biomass of
F. japonica was 15% or 28% that of control plants if larvae or adults were added, with
levels of damage plateauing quickly with increasing insects densities. High fecundity and
larval density dependence means that this agent could substantially and quickly suppress
plant growth, although this damage only occurs early in the season, allowing F. japonica
time to compensate. Second, following on from general host-specificity trials, we
investigated potential non-target effects on the commercially important plant buckwheat,
Fagopyrum esculentum, in more depth. The leaf-beetle showed some minor adult feeding
on F. esculentum in choice trials, and in no-choice trials the leaf-beetle was able to
complete its life cycle and sustain a population on F. esculentum, albeit causing lower
levels of damage than on F. japonica. This suggests that if the beetle dispersed to areas
where F. japonica is not present, it might colonise F. esculentum. Therefore, despite
potentially being an effective agent, that the risk of non-target feeding is unacceptably
high.
Biological Control Volume 53, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 319-324
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WBP-4XY4GK81&_user=10&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=d91b938ac833980db9ac7178cc680f81
Performance of the biological control agent flea beetle Agasicles hygrophila
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), on two plant species Alternanthera philoxeroides
(alligatorweed) and A. sessilis (joyweed)
,
Junjiao Lua, Longlong Zhaoa, Ruiyan Maa,
, Pingping Zhanga, Renjun Fanb and Jintong Zhangc
a
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu Shanxi 030801, PR China
b
Institute of Plant Protection, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, PR China
c
College of Arts and Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu Shanxi 030801, PR China
Agasicles hygrophila has been used as a biological control agent on invasive
alligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides in China. We conducted tests to determine the
impact of A. hygrophila on the non-target species A. sessilis and examined the
developmental differences of A. hygrophila raised on these two plant species to assess
the ecological and environmental safety of the introduced A. hygrophila in China. No
significant differences were detected in the developmental timing of A. hygrophila from
larvae to adults, in larval hatching, and in pupal fresh weight in three treatments: A.
hygrophila reared on A. philoxeroides through all life stages; A. hygrophila larvae reared
on A. sessilis but pupated in the stems of A. philoxeroides; and A. hygrophila reared on A.
sessilis through all life stages. However, when A. hygrophila larvae were reared on A.
sessilis but pupated in the stems of A. philoxeroides, they had a significantly longer
preoviposition period, lower pupation rate, and lower fecundity than those in other two
treatments. The demographic parameters examined indicated that lower fecundity (GRR,
R0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm = 0.06), but longer doubling time (Td) were
found in A. hygrophila larvae reared on A. sessilis but pupated in the stems of A.
philoxeroides compared to the other two treatments (rm = 0.11). Ultimately, A.
hygrophila has limited effects on the non-target A. sessilis and is considered safe to the
ecosystem. Moreover, A. sessilis would provide a marginally suitable host for A.
hygrophila in regions where the two species intermingle.
Biological Control Volume 54, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages 9-13
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WBP-4YH56B21&_user=10&_coverDate=07%2F31%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=0c6d1796ce4227db53f9d72d5e7e73e1
Improved sporulation of alginate pellets entrapping Pandora nouryi and millet
powder and their potential to induce an aphid epizootic in field cages after
release
Xiang Zhoua and Ming-Guang Feng , a,
a
Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s
Republic of China
Pandora nouryi is an obligate aphid fungus (Entomophthorales) forming resting spores in
vivo but little is known about its epizootic potential. We manufactured small uniform
alginate pellets ( 1 mg/dry pellet) entrapping 1% P. nouryi mycelia and 5% millet
powder to facilitate sporulation and evaluated their epizootic potential in Myzus persicae
population developing on cabbage plants inside meshed field cages (2 × 2 × 2 m). The
pellets sporulated 8.5-fold more (28.4 × 104 conidia/pellet) than the millet-free pellets at
20 °C, and 3.6–13.6 fold more and much longer than mycosis-killed adult aphids at 4–
28 °C under saturated humidity. These pellets, irrespective of drying or not, retained
sporulation capability after 120-day storage at 6 °C. The releases of 5–20 pellets/plant in
different field cages resulted in successful colonization of P. nouryi in aphid cohorts
during 4-month field trial from late autumn through spring. Aphid mortalities attributed
to P. nouryi mycosis were consistently detectable but very low in all cages, irrespective of
the timing of a release and the density of released pellets, until 13% mortalities
occurred in late spring. Of those aphids infected with P. nouryi, high proportions (32–
95%) were found producing resting spores on most of weekly sampling occasions. The
low-level prevalence of P. nouryi in the released cages was thus attributed to the
frequent resting spore formation in vivo, which may interrupt the infection cycle. The
alginate pellet formulation with millet powder is recommended for improving preparations
of fungal pathogens without resting spores, such as Pandora neoaphidis, for biological
control of aphids.
Biological Control Volume 54, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 153-158
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WBP-4YX7KDY6&_user=10&_coverDate=08%2F31%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=be1680e2400420121e39235f5b88f49f
Bulletin of Entomological Research
A pilot study on the molecular phylogeny of Drepanoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
inferred from the nuclear gene EF-1α and the mitochondrial gene COI
C.G. Wua1a2, H.X. Hana1 and D.Y. Xuea1 c1 xuedy@ioz.ac.cn
a1
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
a2
Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
A molecular phylogenetic study of the Drepanoidea based on the EF-1α sequences and
combined EF-1α and COI sequences was carried out in order to infer higher classification
at and above the subfamily level. The sample contained 14 taxa representing 13 genera
recognized in the Drepanoidea. The results revealed that the Drepaninae, Thyatirinae and
Cyclidiinae respectively form monophyletic groups. The sister relationship between the
Drepaninae and the Thyatirinae was validated. The monophyly of the Cyclidiinae with the
Drepaninae+Thyatirinae was supported robustly. Hypsomadius insignis and Oreta vatama
within the traditional definition of the Drepaninae formed an individual clade with robust
support (100%) and constitutes a sister relationship to a clade containing the rest of the
Drepaninae in all the topologies, which means that the subfamily Oretinae of the
Drepanidae should be restored. The family Drepanidae is divided into four subfamilies:
Drepaninae, Oretinae, Thyatirinae and Cyclidiinae in this work. The family Epicopeiidae
formed a monophyly with high bootstrap values. The result of combined analysis of EF-1α
and COI showed that the Epicopeiidae have a closer phylogenetic relationship with the
Geometridae than with the Drepanidae and belong to neither the Drepanoidea nor the
Geometroidea.
Bulletin of Entomological Research (2010), 100 : 207-216
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=7333384&ful
ltextType=RA&fileId=S0007485309990162
Study on mating ecology and sex ratio of three internally ovipositing fig wasps
of Ficus curtipes
F.P. Zhanga1a2 and D.R. Yanga1 p1 c1 yangdr@xtbg.ac.cn zhangfengpingxinmin@hotmail.com
a1
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
a2
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Studies on mating ecology and sex allocation in fig-parasitizing wasps ovipositing from
outside the fig have given valuable insights into known factors that are responsible for
the theory of sex ratio. Similarly, internally ovipositing fig-parasitizing wasps and figpollinating wasps provide interesting models for comparative analysis. In addition to the
fig-pollinating wasp Eupristina sp., we found that Ficus curtipes hosts two species of
internally ovipositing fig-parasitizing wasps: D. yangi and Lipothymus sp. Eupristina sp.
males showed less aggression. Eupristina sp. has wingless males that mate only within
the natal patch, providing excellent examples of full local-mate competition. D. yangi
males showed high levels of aggression and lethal combat. D. yangi has winged males
but mate mostly within the natal patch. Only a few matings occur after male dispersal.
Its sex ratio was lower than the prediction of partial local mate competition theory.
Wingless male Lipothymus sp., which mate partly after dispersal, did not present fatal
fight. Therefore, the mating behaviour of D. yangi and Lipothymus sp. did not follow
predicted patterns, based on wing morph. The mating pattern of D. yangi and
Lipothymus sp. should follow the partial local mate competition theory. Furthermore,
there was not a significant correlation between the proportion of males and the
proportion of fruit parasitized in both winged D. yangi males and wingless Lipothymus sp.
males.
Bulletin of Entomological Research (2010), 100:241-245
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=7333420&ful
ltextType=RA&fileId=S0007485309990204
Reproductive incompatibility among genetic groups of Bemisia tabaci supports
the proposition that the whitefly is a cryptic species complex
J. Xua1, P.J. De Barroa2 and S.S. Liua1 c1 shshliu@zju.edu.cn
a1
Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute
of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
a2
CSIRO Entomology, Indooroopilly, Brisbane QLD 4068, Australia
The worldwide distribution and extensive genetic diversity of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci
has long been recognized. However, whether B. tabaci is a complex species or a species
complex has been a subject of debate. Recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that B.
tabaci is a cryptic species complex composed of at least 24 morphologically
indistinguishable species. Here, we conducted crossing experiments and demonstrated
reproductive incompatibility among three of the 24 putative species. Our data and those
of previously reported crossing experiments among various putative species of B. tabaci
were collated to reveal the pattern of reproductive isolation. The combined results
provide strong support to the proposition that B. tabaci is a cryptic species complex.
Bulletin of Entomological Research (2010), 100:359-366
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=7631900&ful
ltextType=RA&fileId=S0007485310000015
Quantitative variation and biosynthesis of hindgut volatiles associated with the
red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, at different attack phases
Z.-H. Shia1 and J.-H. Suna1 c1 sunjh@ioz.ac.cn
a1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
The red turpentine beetle (RTB), Dendroctonus valens LeConte, is a destructive invasive
forest pest in China. For such tree-killing species, how to initiate a volatile-mediated
mass attack is of great importance during the course of establishment. To understand the
hindgut volatile production mechanism underlying mass attack initiated by RTB, coupled
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 13C-labelled precursors were applied to
explore the quantitative variation and biosynthesis of volatiles associated with RTB at
different attack phases. Five previously described volatiles, trans-verbenol, myrtenol, cisverbenol, myrtenal and verbenone, were identified and quantified from extracts of female
and male hindguts, with the first two compounds as the major components and the latter
three as minor constituents. In newly emerged females and males, only minute amounts
of these compounds were detected. The quantity of volatiles from female adults
significantly increased after they fed on bolts. Male adults also yielded larger quantities of
volatiles after they joined females in galleries, which suggested that RTB males could
accelerate the mass colonization on host trees. We also confirmed that RTB produced the
five volatiles through oxidizing the major host monoterpene, α-pinene, but not
synthesized de novo since products were labeled without 13C. The implication of this
study in understanding the successful invasion of RTB is discussed.
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=7631756&ful
ltextType=RA&fileId=S0007485309990228
Cell Research
Characterization of kinesin-like proteins in silkworm posterior silkgland cells
Qiao Wang1, Junlin Teng1, Birong Shen1, Wei Zhang1, Yige Guo1, Xiaolei Su1, Chuanxi Zhang3, Albert
CH Yu4 and Jianguo Chen1,2 junlinteng@pku.edu.cn chenjg@pku.edu.cn
1
The Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Ministry of Education, The State Key
Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking
University, Beijing 100871, China
2
The Center for Theoretical Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
3
Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
4
Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The
Key Laboratory for Neuroscience (Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health), Peking
University, Beijing 100191, China
Kinesins are microtubule-based motors involved in various intracellular transports.
Neurons, flagellated cells, and pigment cells have been traditionally used as model
systems to study the cellular functions of kinesins. Here, we report silkworm posterior
silkgland (PSG), specialized cells with an extensive endomembrane system for
intracellular transport and efficient secretion of fibroin, as a novel model for kinesin study.
To investigate kinesin-driven intracellular transport in PSG cells, we cloned five silkworm
kinesin-like proteins (KLPs), BmKinesin-1, BmKinesin-6, BmKinesin-7, BmKinesin-13, and
BmKinesin-14A. We determined their expression patterns by relative real-time PCR and
western blotting. Immunofluorescence microscopy verified their colocalization with
microtubules. By combining pull-down assays, LC-MS/MS, and western blotting analysis,
we identified many potential cargoes of BmKinesin-1 in PSG, including fibroin-containing
granules and exuperantia-associated ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. Moreover,
BmKinesin-13 overexpression disrupted the microtubule network in BmN cells, which is
consistent with a role of Kinesin-13 in regulating microtubule dynamics in other
organisms. On the basis of these results, we concluded that PSG might have advantages
in elucidating mechanisms of intracellular transport in secretory tissues and could serve
as a potential model for kinesin studies.
Cell Research (2010) 20:713–727.
http://www.nature.com/cr/journal/v20/n6/abs/cr201047a.html
Cell and Tissue Research
Localization of serotonin/tryptophan-hydroxylase-immunoreactive cells in the
brain and suboesophageal ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster
Xuexiang Bao1
, Bin Wang1, Jinbei Zhang1, Ting Yan1, Weiping Yang1, Fangchao Jiao1, Jing Liu1 and
Shun Wang1 xuexiangb@yahoo.com.cn
Laboratory of Insect Brain Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University,
Changchun, Jilin, 130024, People’s Republic of China
We previously demonstrated that tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), the rate-limiting
enzyme of serotonin (5-HT) synthesis, was commonly present in the brains of some
insects. The current study was aimed at determining the number of serotonergic neurons
in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of adult Drosophila melanogaster and to
investigate further the differences in immunoreactivity between 5-HT and TPH. Brain
sections of Drosophila were immunostaind with sheep anti-TPH polyclonal antibody and
rabbit anti-5-HT antiserum. The 5-HT-like immunoreactive neurons were also
immunoreactive for TPH and bilaterally symmetrical; 83 neurons were found in each
hemisphere of the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of adult Drosophila. This technique
of colocalizing 5-HT and TPH revealed a larger number of serotonergic neurons in the
brain and suboesophageal ganglion than that previous reported, thus updating our
knowledge of the 5-HT neuronal system of Drosophila.
Cell and Tissue Research Volume 340, Number 1 / April, 2010 51-59
http://www.springerlink.com/content/j1v57jn461100725/
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology
Quantitative and qualitative changes of the carboxylesterase associated with
beta-cypermethrin resistance in the housefly, Musca domestica (Diptera:
Muscidae)
,
Lan Zhanga, c, Jing Shia, 1, Xueyan Shia, Pei Lianga, Junping Gaob and Xiwu Gaoa,
a
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
b
Department of Ornamental Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
c
Institute of plant protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing100193, PR China
Mechanisms of esterase-mediated pyrethroid resistance were analyzed based on our
previous works in a strain of the housefly, Musca domestica. The carboxylesterase gene,
MdαE7, was cloned and sequenced from susceptible (CSS) and resistant (CRR) strains,
and a total of nine amino acid substitutions were found. The mutation, Trp 251-Ser
appeared to play a role in beta-cypermethrin resistance and cross-resistance between
organophosphates (OPs) and pyrethroids in the CRR strain. Quantitative real-time PCR
showed that MdαE7 was over-expressed in the CRR strain, the reciprocal cross progeny
F1 and back-cross progeny BC2 compared with the CSS strain, respectively. Two αcynaoester substrates as surrogates for beta-cypermethrin and deltamethrin, were
synthesized to determine the pyrethroid hydrolase activity. Results showed that
carboxylesterases from the CRR strain hydrolyzed cypermethrin/deltamethrin-like
substrate 9.05- and 13.53-fold more efficiently than those from the CSS strain,
respectively. Our studies suggested that quantitative and qualitative changes in the
carboxylesterase might contribute together to pyrethroid resistance in the CRR strain.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Volume 156, Issue 1, May 2010, Pages 6-11
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2R-4Y8G6082&_user=586462&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2010&_rdoc=3&_fmt=high&_orig=browse&_srch=docinfo(%23toc%234925%232010%23998439998%231793720%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=4925&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=13&_acct=C0
00030078&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=586462&md5=aed3fe97ee4f5af8578157d00317a68f
Crop Protection
Insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci biotype Q (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
from China
,
C. Luoa, b, C.M. Jonesb, G. Devineb, F. Zhanga, I. Denholmb and K. Gormanb,
a
Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,
Beijing, China
b
Plant and Invertebrate Ecology Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common,
Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
Dispersion of invasive biotypes of the tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, has led to
protracted crop protection constraints in numerous countries over recent decades. These
polyphagous, highly efficient vectors of plant viruses present an intractable problem as
they frequently carry a diverse suite of insecticide resistance mechanisms. In many areas
of China, native biotypes have been supplanted by the invasive and globally widespread
biotype B since the 1990s. More recently, biotype Q has established, posing a new and
more potent threat to agricultural production systems throughout the country. Insecticide
resistance profiles for a range of Chinese B. tabaci strains covering biotypes B and Q
were examined, to establish the potential for insecticides to play a pivotal role in biotype
competition and ultimate displacement. Commonly used compounds including
pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, abamectin and pyriproxyfen were targeted as widespread
use is pre-requisite to drivers of population dynamics on a national scale.
It was found that across several strains, both biotypes responded similarly against
pyrethroids, abamectin and pyriproxyfen. However, their responses to three
commercially available neonicotinoids were consistently contrasting. Biotype B strains
remained largely susceptible to acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam, whereas
biotype Q strains expressed 20–170 fold resistance to these insecticides. It appears that
in China the use of neonicotinoid insecticides has the potential to select for biotype Q
within mixed biotype areas, contributing to the establishment and prevalence of this
relatively recent introduction.
Crop Protection Volume 29, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 429-434
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T5T-4XJ13N51&_user=10&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=be7b5aea2249774bdd2dfdacbe3387e3
Effects of pigment glands and gossypol on growth, development and
insecticide-resistance of cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigera (Hübner))
,
Guangchao Konga, b, Muhammad. K. Dauda and Shuijin Zhua,
a
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang 310029, P.R. China
b
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, P.R.
China
Cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigera) is a major pest of cotton and other crops. It is
important to understand the mechanisms of insecticide tolerance of cotton bollworm on
cotton cultivars with host plant resistance to this insect pest. The objectives of this study
were to investigate the effects of cotton pigment glands and their gossypol on the growth,
development and insecticide tolerance of cotton bollworm. Three pairs of cotton isogenic
lines with glanded versus glandless leaves, as well as artificial diets with 5 levels of
gossypol, were used to raise cotton bollworm larvae for five generations. The growth,
development and insecticide tolerance of larvae were studied. The results indicated that
the cotton pigment glands and higher levels of gossypol resulted in a significant decrease
in larval weights and moth eclosion rates and delayed the development of larvae and
pupae. Larvae that fed on glanded cotton leaves were significantly more tolerant to two
insecticides, cyhalothin and monocrotophos, than those fed on glandless cotton leaves.
LD50 values were only increased where they were in amount per unit body weight, and
not where were calculated in amount per individual. Also the insecticide tolerance of
cotton bollworm larvae increased as the gossypol content was raised from 0 to 0.225% in
artificial diets. Meanwhile, the activities of two detoxifying enzymes, carboxylesterase
and glutathione s-transferase, were significantly higher in the larvae fed on glanded
cotton leaves than those fed on glandless cotton leaves. The activities of two enzymes
also increased greatly with the increase of gossypol content from 0 to 0.225% in artificial
diets. Across 5 generations of feeding and investigation, the significant inhibition effect
on larval growth and larval tolerance to two pesticides were found to be only associated
with the feeding by current generation, but were not related to previous diets. The
activities of two detoxifying enzymes in larvae were also not enhanced significantly when
they were fed continuously on glanded cotton leaves or artificial diet with high gossypol.
These results indicated that pigment glands and higher levels of gossypol not only
inhibited the growth of cotton bollworm larvae but also enhanced their insecticide
tolerance. However, the inhibition effect and enhanced insecticide tolerance were
inducible but could not be accumulated or inherited. These results will help us better
understand the interaction and co-evolution of insecticide tolerance in larvae of cotton
bollworm and host chemical components, and also has provided useful information on
cotton bollworm management in cotton production, especially in glandless cotton.
Crop Protection Volume 29, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 813-819
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T5T-4YYWRHR1&_user=10&_coverDate=08%2F31%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=ebed02abbb6a4fa1da490f199d76042c
Overwintering hosts of Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae) in northern
China
,
Yanhui Lua, Kongming Wub,
, Kris A.G. Wyckhuysb and Yuyuan Guoa
a
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
b
Horticulture Research Center, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Chia (Cundinamarca),
Colombia
During the past decade, Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Heteroptera: Miridae) has become
a key pest of cotton in northern China, due to widespread planting of Bt cotton and an
associated drop in the use of broad-spectrum insecticides. Because of a lack of
management alternatives, A. lucorum outbreaks are presently exclusively controlled with
insecticides. In this study, we determined A. lucorum overwintering locations and host
plants during the 2006–2009 winter seasons. A total of 126 plant species were screened
and nymphal emergence of A. lucorum was monitored over time. Eggs of A. lucorum
successfully overwintered in cotton field soils and on 86 plant species, including weeds,
fruit trees, pastures and agricultural crops. More specifically, Vitis vinifera L., Ricinus
communis L., Momordica charantia L., Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant., Artemisia annua L.,
Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC., Isatis indigotica Fort., Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit.,
Vigna radiate (L.) Wilczek, Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi et,
Ocimum basilicum L., Onobrychi viciifolia Scop., Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd., Malus
domestica Borkh. and Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. et Coss proved optimal overwintering
hosts of A. lucorum. Based upon plant species occurrence and distribution in Chinese
cotton-growing regions, several weeds and fruit trees, such as V. vinifera, Z. jujuba, P.
bretschneideri and M. domestica can be termed key overwintering hosts of A. lucorum.
Our findings can form the basis for future formulation of targeted management actions to
lower A. lucorum overwintering populations in cotton-growing landscapes of northern
China.
Crop Protection Volume 29, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1026-1033
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T5T-4YYGPH02&_user=10&_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=d5c470a64aa61620dd306c4498c61c8a
Development
TSC1/2 tumour suppressor complex maintains Drosophila germline stem cells
by preventing differentiation
Pei Sun1,2, Zhenghui Quan2, Bodi Zhang2, Tuoqi Wu2 and Rongwen Xi2,* xirongwen@nibs.ac.cn
Graduate program, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing
100730, China.
2
National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park,
Beijing 102206, China.
Tuberous sclerosis complex human disease gene products TSC1 and TSC2 form a
functional complex that negatively regulates target of rapamycin (TOR), an evolutionarily
conserved kinase that plays a central role in cell growth and metabolism. Here, we
describe a novel role of TSC1/2 in controlling stem cell maintenance. We show that in the
Drosophila ovary, disruption of either the Tsc1 or Tsc2 gene in germline stem cells (GSCs)
leads to precocious GSC differentiation and loss. The GSC loss can be rescued by
treatment with TORC1 inhibitor rapamycin, or by eliminating S6K, a TORC1 downstream
effecter, suggesting that precocious differentiation of Tsc1/2 mutant GSC is due to
hyperactivation of TORC1. One well-studied mechanism for GSC maintenance is that BMP
signals from the niche directly repress the expression of a differentiation-promoting gene
bag of marbles (bam) in GSCs. In Tsc1/2 mutant GSCs, BMP signalling activity is
downregulated, but bam expression is still repressed. Moreover, Tsc1 bam double mutant
GSCs could differentiate into early cystocytes, suggesting that TSC1/2 controls GSC
differentiation via both BMP-Bam-dependent and -independent pathways. Taken together,
these results suggest that TSC prevents precocious GSC differentiation by inhibiting
TORC1 activity and subsequently differentiation-promoting programs. As TSC1/2-TORC1
signalling is highly conserved from Drosophila to mammals, it could have a similar role in
controlling stem cell behaviour in mammals, including humans.
Development 137, 2461-2469. August 1, 2010
http://dev.biologists.org/content/137/15/2461.abstract
Ecological Entomology
Permeability of receptive fig fruits and its effects on the re-emergence
behaviour of pollinators
HU HAO-YUAN, 1,2 NIU LI-MING, 1,3 MA GUANG-CHANG, 2,3 FU YUE-GUAN, 3 PENG ZHENG-QIANG 3 and
HUANG DA-WEI 4,1 huangdw@ioz.ac.cn
1
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China , 2 Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety in Anhui
Province, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China , 3 Key Laboratory of
Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forest Invasive Alien Pests, Ministry of Agriculture,
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,
Danzhou, China and 4 Plant Protection College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
1. Figs and pollinating fig wasps provide a model system for studying mutualism. The
permeability of the syconium changes during receptivity or between seasons, which may
affect the behaviour of pollinators. Fig fruits are permeable during receptivity, and in
some species, pollinators can enter and re-emerge after oviposition/pollination. We
studied the relationship between fig permeability and pollinator re-emergence behaviour
with a functional dioecious fig, Ficus hispida and the obligate pollinator Ceratosolen
solmsi marchali.
2. The relationship reflects the interaction of figs and pollinators in the mutualism and
also the conflicts of interests between the two partners: figs benefit from the enclosed fig
fruits which have low permeability, but pollinators benefit from their re-emergence
behaviour, which requires high fig permeability.
3. The results showed that at the end of receptivity, the permeability of fig fruits lowered
rapidly with changes to the ostiole structures, and re-emergence rate was low, with more
re-emerging pollinators trapped in the ostiolar bracts. Our results also showed that in the
rainy season, the length of receptivity was shorter and fig permeability was lower. The
re-emergence rates were also lower than those in the dry season. The results elucidated
that figs' interests dominated in the conflicts between fig and pollinating wasp.
4. Based on a new criteria which employed the classification of pollinators found dead in
the ostiolar bracts and which involved a survey of 6 monoecious and 12 dioecious fig
species, we found that re-emergence behaviour was prevalent among fig species, and
was more prevalent in functional dioecious figs than monoecious ones.
Ecological Entomology 2010 Volume 35 Issue 2, Pages 115 - 125
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123261305/abstract
Environmental Entomology
Beet Webworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Migration in China: Evidence From
Genetic Markers
Jiang, Xing-Fu1; Cao, Wei-Ju; Zhang, Lei; Luo, Li-Zhi
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant
Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Genetic diversity within and among 11 geographic populations of the beet webworm
Loxostege sticticalis across five provinces in the northern part of China were evaluated
using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Five AFLP primer
combinations were used on 88 L. sticticalis samples from different locations, detecting a
total of 384 polymorphic and 27 monomorphic fragments. Although extensive genetic
diversity occurs among individuals from different geographic populations (P = 93.4%, h
= 0.398, I = 0.572), the majority of the genetic diversity is within populations and not
between populations (GST = 0.196), which agrees well with the results of analysis of
molecular variance (84% of the total genetic variation is within populations), indicating
high gene flow (NM = 2.046) among natural populations, which are not genetically
differentiated. L. sticticalis in northeastern China, northern China, and northwestern
China are part of a single large metapopulation. Cluster analyses based on AFLP data
were preformed to graphically show groupings between individuals and between
populations. Individuals from the same region were not grouped together very well.
Eleven subpopulations were clustered into six broad groups, and there was no significant
correlation between geographic distance and genetic dissimilarity (r = 0.1236, P =
0.8512). Principle component analysis also indicated a lack of genetic differentiation
between the 11 populations. These results indicated that, although high genetic
variability existed among individuals, there was little genetic differentiation among
geographic populations, which can be explained by the effects of long distance migration
of the beet webworm in China and consequent gene flow.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 232-242(11)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000001
/art00027
Effects of Transgenic Rice Expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Protein on
Ground-Dwelling Collembolan Community in Postharvest Seasons
Bai, Y. Y.1; Yan, R. H.; Ye, G. Y.; Huang, F. N.; Cheng, J. A.
Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China; College of Plant Protection,
Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
During 2005-2008, field studies were conducted at two locations in Chongqing, China, to
assess the potential effects of transgenic rice expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)
Cry1Ab protein on the nontarget ground-dwelling collembolan community in three
postharvest seasons. Collembolans in non-Bt and Bt rice fields were sampled with pitfall
traps during each of two postharvest seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 and litterbag
traps during each of three postharvest seasons of 2005/2006, 2006/2007, and
2007/2008. Ground-dwelling collembolans in rice fields during the postharvest seasons
were abundant, whereas community densities varied considerably between the two
locations and among the three seasons. A total of 67,310 collembolans, representing
three species, Entomobrya griseoolivata, Hypogastrura matura, and Bourletiella
christianseni, were captured during the three postharvest seasons. E. griseoolivata was
the predominant species, accounting for 87.7% of the total captures, followed by H.
matura (10.7%) and B. christianseni (1.6%). In general, there were no significant
differences in species compositions and abundances of each species between Bt and nonBt paddy fields, suggesting no significantly impact of plant residues of Cry1Ab rice on
collembolan communities during postharvest seasons.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 243-251(9)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000001
/art00028
Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Microplitis mediator
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to Caterpillar-Induced Volatiles From Cotton
Yu, Huilin1; Zhang, Yongjun; Wyckhuys, Kris A. G.; Wu, Kongming; Gao, Xiwu; Guo, Yuyuan
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Microplitis mediator Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an important larval
endoparasitoid of various lepidopteran pests, including Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). In
China, H. armigera is a key pest of cotton and is currently the focus of several biological
control efforts that use M. mediator as principal natural enemy of this pest. To improve
the success of biological control efforts, behavioral studies are needed that shed light on
the interaction between M. mediator and H. armigera. In this study, we determined M.
mediator response to volatile compounds from undamaged, mechanically injured, or H.
armigera--damaged plants and identified attractive volatiles. In Y-tube olfactometer
assays, we found that mechanically damaged plants and/or plants treated with H.
armigera oral secretions did not attract wasps. However, volatiles from H. armigeradamaged plants elicited a strong attraction of both M. mediator sexes. Headspace
extracts from H. armigera-damaged cotton were analyzed by coupled gas
chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD), and a total of seven
different compounds were found to elicit electroantennogram (EAG) responses, including
an unknown compound. Six different EAD-active volatiles were identified from caterpillardamaged cotton plants, of which 3, 7-dimethyl-1, 3, 6-octatriene and (Z)-3-hexenyl
acetate were the principal compounds. Olfactometer assays indicated that individual
synthetic compounds of 3, 7-dimethyl-1, 3, 6-octatriene, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, and
nonanal were attractive to M. mediator. Field cage studies showed that parasitism of H.
armigera larvae by M. mediator was higher on cotton plants to which 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,
6-octatriene was applied. Our results show that the combination of terpenoids and green
leaf volatiles may not only facilitate host, mate, or food location but may also increase H.
armigera parasitism by M. mediator.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 600-609(10)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000002
/art00042
Impacts of Six Bt Rice Lines on Nontarget Rice Feeding Thrips Under Laboratory
and Field Conditions
Akhtar, Z. R.1; Tian, J. C.; Chen, Y.; Fang, Q.; Hu, C.; Chen, M.; Peng, Y. F.; Ye, G. Y.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of
Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029,
China
Nontarget impacts of six transgenic Bt rice lines (expressing the Cry1Ab or
Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac protein) on the thrips, Stenchaetothrips biformis (Bagnall), attacking the
rice seedling and tillering stages, were evaluated under laboratory and field conditions.
Laboratory results showed relatively longer larval, pupal development and preoviposition
durations of S. biformis. Although it had a shorter oviposition period, female adult
longevity and less total laid eggs were found when fed on some tested Bt rice in
comparison to non-Bt controls. S. biformis population dynamics in Bt and non-Bt plots
were monitored using the plastic bag and beat plate methods. In the field, the temporal
patterns of S. biformis population changes were similar between tested Bt rice lines and
their respective control; however, the total number of S. biformis individuals collected
from the Bt plots were significantly less or the same, varying from variety to variety,
compared with those from the non-Bt plots. ELISA results showed that the Bt insecticidal
protein could be transferred from Bt rice to the thrips, and the concentrations of the
protein in rice leaves and thrips were not significantly correlated with some important
biological parameters of the thrip. In addition, the potential effects of Bt rice on the
abundance of S. biformis candidate predators are also discussed. In conclusion, our
results show that the six Bt rice lines assessed may be less preferable host plants to S.
biformis at the individual and population levels in comparison to the non-Bt rice plants.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 715-726(12)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000002
/art00056
Superparasitism Behavior and Host Discrimination of Campoletis chlorideae
(Ichneumonidae: Hymenoptera) Toward Mythimna separata (Noctuidae:
Lepidoptera)
Zhang, Ji-Hong1; Gu, Liu-Qi; Wang, Chen-Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
The oriental army worm, Mythimna separata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was
adopted as a host to keep Campoletis chlorideae Uchida (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
populations in the laboratory, because it can be mass reared. However, wasp cocoon
production in this system via single parasitism was not satisfactory. To improve the
rearing efficiency of C. chlorideae on M. separata, we studied the effects of
superparasitism on the offspring production of C. chlorideae, as well as the host
discrimination ability of the adult wasps in the laboratory. The results showed that,
compared with single parasitism, both double and quintuple parasitism significantly
increased C. chlorideae cocoon production in M. separata without a significant effect on
emergence, weight, or sex ratio of adult wasps at the P < 0.05 level. Host selection
experiments suggested that C. chlorideae preferred to lay eggs on unparasitized hosts
rather than freshly parasitized hosts but could distinguish neither the 24-h
postparasitization hosts from the unparasitized hosts nor the freshly self-parasitized
hosts from the conspecifically parasitized hosts. No-choice behavior tests indicated that C.
chlorideae took significantly longer time to accept the freshly parasitized hosts containing
more than two eggs compared with the unparasitized hosts. In the end, superparasitism
behavior and its application in the mass rearing of this endoparasitoid are discussed.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1249-1254(6)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000004
/art00020
Genetic Variation of Mitochondrial DNA in Chinese Populations of Pectinophora
gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Liu, Yudi1; Hou, Maolin1; Wu, Kongming2
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China 2: State Key Laboratory for Biology
of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural
Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. kmwu@ippcaas.cn
The pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella is an invasive pest insect that has
successfully established populations in many cotton growing regions around the world. In
this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of Chinese populations of P.
gossypiella were evaluated using mitochondrial DNA sequence data (COII and Nad4). For
comparison, individuals of Pakistan and America were also sequenced at the same two
mtDNA regions. Extremely low genetic variation was observed in the two mitochondrial
regions among all populations examined. Most of the populations harbored only one to
two haplotypes. Although the Nad4 region showed relatively high haplotype diversity and
nucleotide variation, ranging from 0.363 to 0.591 and from 0.00078 to 0.00140,
respectively, there were only three haplotypes observed in this region. COII and Nad4
haplotype networks shaved one or two common haplotype(s) forming the center of a
star-shaped phylogeny. Pairwise tests showed that most of the populations were not
significantly differentiated from each other. The Chinese populations were differentiated
from the Pakistani and American populations in the Nad4 region. The low level of
population genetic variation of P. gossypiella is attributed to invasion bottlenecks, which
may have been subsequently strengthened by its nonmigratory biology and the mosaic
pattern of agricultural activities.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1344-1351(8)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000004
/art00031
Laboratory and Field Assessments of Prey-Mediated Effects of Transgenic Bt
Rice on Ummeliata insecticeps (Araneida: Linyphiidae)
Tian, J. C.1; Liu, Z. C.2; Chen, M.3; Chen, Y.1; Chen, X. X.1; Peng, Y. F.4; Hu, C.1; Ye, G. Y.5 State Key
Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop
Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China 2:
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China 3:
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station,
Geneva, NY 14456, USA 4: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China 5: State
Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop
Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
chu@zju.edu.cn
One major concern regarding the release of Bt rice is its potential impact through
tritrophic interactions on nontarget arthropods, especially natural enemies. We studied
the effects of two Bt transgenic rice varieties, TT9- 3 and KMD1, expressing
Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac and Cry1Ab, respectively, on a predatory ground spider [Ummeliata
insecticeps (Bösenberg et Strand)] supplied with Bt rice-fed brown planthopper
[Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)] nymphs. Although immunoassays confirmed that U.
insecticeps ingested Bt insecticidal protein when supplied with Bt rice-fed N. lugens, no
negative effects were found on its survival and development. Furthermore, the fecundity
of U. insecticeps fed prey reared on Bt rice was not significantly different from that of
those fed prey reared on non-Bt rice. A 3-yr field trial indicated that Bt rice did not
significantly affect the population density of U. insecticeps in comparison with non-Bt rice.
In conclusion, the Bt rice lines tested in this study had no adverse effects on the survival,
developmental time, or fecundity of U. insecticeps in the laboratory or on population
dynamics in the field.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1369-1377(9)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000004
/art00034
Effects of Transgenic Bt Cotton on the Population Density, Oviposition Behavior,
Development, and Reproduction of a Nontarget Pest, Adelphocoris suturalis
(Hemiptera: Miridae)
Li, Guoping1; Feng, Hongqiang2; Chen, Peiyu3; Wu, Shaoying4; Liu, Bing1; Qiu, Feng1 1: Institute of
Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China 2: Institute of
Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
feng_hq@163.com 3: College of Plant Protection, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002,
China 4: College of Plant Protection, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Transgenic cotton has shown great promise for the control of target pest insects;
however, frequent outbreaks of nontarget pest mirids has been recorded in recent years
in northern China. To test the hypothesis that transgenic cotton contributes to nontarget
pest outbreaks, we studied the impact of transgenic Bt cottons (both Bt and Bt + CpTI)
on the fitness of nontarget pest Adelphocoris suturalis Jakovlev. No significant differences
were detected between population densities of A. suturalis in unsprayed nontransgenic
cottons and in unsprayed transgenic Bt cottons in 2007, 2008, and 2009. No difference in
preferred oviposition site or egg production was detected between transgenic and
nontransgenic cottons in both free choice and no choice tests. No difference in life table
parameters was detected for A. suturalis between Bt cottons and nontransgenic cottons.
All these results indicated that transgenic crops did not contribute to the nontarget pest
outbreaks when being compared with their parental lines. The possible reasons for
intensified pest status of A. suturalis, such as decrease of pesticide application, deficient
natural enemies, and area-wide shift of cotton varieties, were discussed.
Environmental Entomology, Volume 39, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 1378-1387(10)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/envent/2010/00000039/00000004
/art00035
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
Effect of food deprivation on the ambulatory movement of the Colorado potato
beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Lian-You Gui 1 & G. Boiteau 2* Gilles.Boiteau@agr.gc.ca
1
College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Hubei 434025, China , and 2 Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canada, Potato Research Station, 850 Lincoln Road, P.O. Box 20280, Fredericton, NB, E3B 4Z7 Canada
Modification of dispersal behaviour is a common response of insects to food and water
deprivation. The literature suggests that different insects respond with different
strategies: changing walking parameters, switching dispersal mode (walking to flight or
vice versa), or changing the host searching path. The goal of this study was to add to the
limited literature on the subject by investigating, whether the walking parameters of
adult male Colorado potato beetles, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae), change in response to food and water deprivation. Observations on the
distance walked, the travel speed, and the frequency of walking bouts were carried out in
laboratory arenas using motion monitoring equipment. Summer and overwintered beetles
were exposed to short starvation periods (2, 4, 8, 24 h) and two ranges of long
starvation periods (1, 2, 4, 8 days and 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 days). Only the longest food
deprivation periods of 16 and 32 days significantly reduced the walking distance, speed,
and frequency of walking bouts of summer beetles. No changes were observed with
overwintered beetles. The tolerance of the beetles without access to water to the
different periods of food deprivation was similar to that for beetles with water except
after a starvation period of 32 days, when the travel speed of summer beetles was
significantly reduced by 33%. The absence of increased walking parameters found in this
study and earlier observations of increased flight frequency suggest that the strategy of
summer beetles will be to change the dispersal mode from walking to flight and/or to
change the walking host searching path. The same results of this study and earlier
observations of a decrease in the mean frequency of daily flights suggest that the
strategy of overwintered L. decemlineata, exposed to food deprivation, will be to change
the host search walking path rather than the walking parameters themselves.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 134 Issue 2, Pages 138 - 145
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123237603/abstract
Elevated CO2 lessens predation of Chrysopa sinica on Aphis gossypii
Feng Gao 1 , Fajun Chen 2 & Feng Ge 1* gef@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China , and 2 Department of Entomology, Nanjing
Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
Most studies on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on organisms have focused on
the performance of plants or herbivores. Few reports have examined the impact on the
ability of predators at the third trophic level. In this experiment, we made use of opentop chambers to quantify the effects of elevated CO 2 on growth, development, and
predatory ability of two successive generations of Chinese lacewing, Chrysopa sinica
(Tjeder) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), feeding on cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii (Glover)
(Hemiptera: Aphididae), which were reared on cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.
(Malvaceae), grown under elevated CO2 (double ambient vs. ambient). Higher
atmospheric CO2 concentrations reduced the duration of larval development and the
survival rate of pupae, and caused decreased weight in adult female C. sinica, but had no
significant effects on survival rate of each larval stage, female adult fecundity, egg hatch
rate, or adult life span. The predatory ability of larvae in the third instar and the total
larval stage of C. sinica that fed on A. gossypii were significantly lower in elevated CO2
environments. The number of aphids consumed by first-generation lacewing population
did not change significantly with different CO2 treatments; however, significantly fewer
aphids were consumed by the second generation of the lacewing population with elevated
CO2. We speculate that A. gossypii may become a more serious pest under an
environment with elevated CO2 concentrations because of the reduced predatory ability
of C. sinica on A. gossypii.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 135 Issue 2, Pages 135 - 140
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123326720/abstract
Physiological trade-offs between flight muscle and reproductive development in
the wing-dimorphic cricket Velarifictorus ornatus
Lv-Quan Zhao 1 , Dao-Hong Zhu 2,3* & Yang Zeng 2 daohongzhuja@yahoo.com.cn
1
Laboratory of Entomology, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology,
Changsha, Hunan 410004, China , 2 Laboratory of Entomology, College of Life Science and Technology,
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China , and
First Normal University Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
3
Hunan
Morphology, flight muscles, and reproductive development were compared between longwinged (LW) and short-winged (SW) morphs of the cricket Velarifictorus ornatus (Shiraki)
(Orthoptera: Gryllidae). There was no difference in body weight and pre-oviposition
between the two morphs, but LW individuals had better-developed flight muscles than
SW individuals during and after emergence of the adult. The flight muscles at adult
emergence represented 11.9% of the total body weight in the LW female and 4.9% in
the SW female. In addition, the weight of the flight muscle of LW females increased by
50% during the first 5 days, whereas the flight muscle of the SW variant increased only
slightly after adult emergence. The process of oviposition in LW, SW, and de-alated
females varied: SW females produced more eggs at the early stage than LW females, but
de-alation could shorten the time until the peak of egg laying and caused histolysis of
flight muscles of LW females. There was no significant difference in total egg production
between the above three groups. In the male, unlike the female, the accessory glands of
the two wing morphs enlarged continuously at the same rate. There was no difference
between the two wing morphs in the mass of the testes during the first 7 days after adult
emergence.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 135 Issue 3, Pages 288 - 294
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123411090/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Effects of elevated CO2 associated with maize on multiple generations of the
cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera
Jin Yin 1,2 , Yucheng Sun 1 , Gang Wu 3 & Feng Ge 1* gef@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China , 2 Graduate School, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing 100039, China , and 3 College of Plant Science & Technology of Huazhong
Agricultural University, Hubei 430070, China
Under elevated environmental carbon dioxide (CO2), leaf chewers tend to compensate for
decreased leaf nutritional quality with increased consumption; mortality and development
times also increase and cause a reduction in the fitness of leaf chewers. However, the
effect of elevated CO2 on multiple successive generations of these and other insects is
not well understood. Furthermore, information about the direct effects of increased
environmental CO2 on developmental time and consumption of herbivores is lacking. In
this paper, we tested the hypothesis that cascade effects of elevated CO2 through plants,
rather than the direct effects of elevated CO2, are the main factors decreasing the fitness
of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). We used two
series of experiments to quantify the growth, development, and consumption of
H. armigera fed on an artificial diet or C4 plants (maize) grown under two CO2 levels
(ambient vs. double ambient). In the first series of experiments, elevated CO 2 had no
effect on the population abundance or individual consumption for three successive
generations of cotton bollworms fed on an artificial diet. In the second series of
experiments, elevated CO2 reduced population abundance of cotton bollworm larvae for
two successive generations when they were fed maize milky grains. The specific effects
were longer larval duration, lower fecundity, and decreased rm of cotton bollworms.
Furthermore, elevated CO2 increased individual consumption when cotton bollworm was
fed maize milky grains for two successive generations and decreased the population's
total consumption in the first generation but increased it in the second generation. The
results from this study indicate that: (1) The effects of elevated CO2 on three successive
generations of cotton bollworm fed on artificial diet were weak, or even non-existent, and
(2) elevated CO2 increased the consumption when cotton bollworm were fed maize. Our
study also suggests that the damage inflicted by cotton bollworm on maize (a C 4 plant)
will be seriously affected by the increases in atmospheric CO 2, which is unlike our
previous results for spring wheat (a C3 plant).
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010Volume 136 Issue 1, Pages 12 - 20
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123450152/abstract
An energy budget approach for evaluating the biocontrol potential of cotton
aphid (Aphis gossypii) by the ladybeetle Propylaea japonica
Feng Gao 1,2 , John Jifon 3 , Xiang-Hui Liu 1 & Feng Ge 1* gef@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China , 2 College of Agriculture and biotechnology,
China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China , and 3 Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M
University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA
Biological control of economically important crop pests is an important component of
integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Predator–prey energy relationships are
critical to the success of biocontrol strategies; however, these relationships are often
ignored in many IPM programs. In this study, the biocontrol potential of cotton aphid,
Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), by the ladybeetle Propylaea japonica
(Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was estimated in terms of energy budgets
calculated at 27 ± 1 °C. The energy equivalent of prey subjects (aphids) consumed was
estimated from bomb calorimetry and partitioned into the energy associated with
ingestion, assimilation, respiration, reproduction, and waste for each developmental
stage of the lady beetle. The average assimilation efficiencies for larval and adult
ladybeetles were 88.2 and 91.1%, respectively, whereas net ecological efficiencies were
17.6% for larvae and 2.6% for adults. Similarly, assimilation efficiencies of cotton aphids
were 71.5 and 74.4% for nymphs and adults, respectively. Based on energy budget
calculations, approximately 520, 3-day-old aphids and 5 356, 3-day-old aphids were
estimated to be consumed by the ladybeetle larval stage and the female adult stage,
respectively. These estimates were similar to the actual number of aphids consumed by
the ladybeetles, based on actual counts. The current data demonstrate that P. japonica is
an important natural enemy of the cotton aphid, and that predator–prey energy
relationships can play a critical role in biocontrol strategies and IPM programs.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 136 Issue 1, Pages 72 - 79
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123511187/abstract
Synergistic sex pheromone components of the grey-spotted tussock moth,
Orgyia ericae
Guo-Fa Chen1, Mao-Ling Sheng1, Tao Li1, Jocelyn G. Millar2, Qing-He Zhang3,* qing-he@rescue.com
1
General Station of Forest Pest Management, State Forestry Administration, No. 58, North Huanghe
Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China
2
Department of Entomology, University of California, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
3
Sterling International, Inc., 3808 N. Sullivan Rd, Bldg 16p, Spokane, WA 99216-1630, USA
The grey-spotted tussock moth, Orgyia ericae Germar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), is an
important pest of deciduous trees and woody scrublands in northern China. In a field
trapping experiment conducted during the flight of the first generation of 2009, synthetic
(Z)-6-heneicosen-11-one, a common Orgyia spp. sex pheromone component, attracted O.
ericae males. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses (full scan or selected
ion-monitoring mode) of pheromone gland extracts from females revealed the presence
of a major, a minor, and a trace component, i.e., (6Z,9Z)-heneicosa-6,9-diene, (6Z,9Z)tricosa-6,9-diene, and (Z)-6-heneicosen-11-one, respectively. Field experiments during
the flight of the second generation showed that (6Z,9Z)-tricosa-6,9-diene, the minor
component, was inactive alone or in any combination with the other two components,
whereas (6Z,9Z)-heneicosa-6,9-diene and (Z)-6-heneicosen-11-one were weakly
attractive when tested individually. However, traps baited with a binary blend of (6Z,9Z)heneicosa-6,9-diene and (Z)-6-heneicosen-11-one caught seven-fold more moths than
any other treatment (except the ternary blend), indicating a strong synergistic
interaction between the two components. The analytical and field trapping data
suggested that (6Z,9Z)-heneicosa-6,9-diene and (Z)-6-heneicosen-11-one are likely the
key sex pheromone components of female O. ericae. This synergistic blend will be useful
as an efficient monitoring tool, and possible control tool, to combat this economically and
ecologically important forest defoliator.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Volume 136, Issue 3, pages 227–234,
September 2010
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.01011.x/abstract
Effects of putrescine on diapause induction and intensity, and post-diapause
development of Helicoverpa armigera
Sheng-Bing Wu, Man-Qun Wang* & Guoan Zhang mqwang@mail.hzau.edu.cn
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant
Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Effects of putrescine on diapause induction and intensity, and post-diapause development
in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Wuhan, Hubei, China
were studied in the laboratory at different temperatures and photoperiod conditions. The
results showed a generally higher incidence of diapause in putrescine-feeding groups.
Putrescine feeding distinctly restricted the development of non-diapause-destined and
diapause-destined larvae, except at 0.01% putrescine concentration, which accelerated
the development of larvae at 21 °C. Putrescine had no significant effect on the duration
of diapause, although it inhibited the post-diapause development of pupae. Photoperiod
played a different role in diapause induction and post-diapause development between 21
and 23 °C. Putrescine played a definite role in diapause induction and intensity, and
post-diapause development in H. armigera, and a significant interaction between
putrescine, photophase, and temperature is to be expected.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 2010 Volume 136 Issue 2, Pages 199 - 205
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123573829/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Entomological Science
New archisargids from China (Insecta: Diptera)
Kuiyan ZHANG 1 , Ding YANG 1 , Dong REN 2 and Chungkun SHIH 2 dyangcau@yahoo.com.cn
1
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, and 2 Key Laboratory of Insect Evolution
& Environmental Changes, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
The extinct family Archisargidae, which was rich in the Mesozoic, has been found in China,
Kazakhstan and Mongolia. By now, six genera and 14 species have been found in Inner
Mongolia and Liaoning Province of China. In this paper, two new species of the genus
Mesosolva Hong, 1983 and a new genus Brevisolva gen. nov., represented by a new
species belonging to the Archisargidae, are described from the Middle Jurassic deposits of
Daohugou, Inner Mongolia. A key to the species of Mesosolva is given.
Entomological Science 2010 Volume 13 Issue 1, Pages 75 - 80
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123328756/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Taxonomic review of the genus Pseudostegania Butler, 1881, with description
of four new species and comments on its tribal placement in the Larentiinae
(Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Hongxiang HAN, 1 Dieter STÜNING 2 and Dayong XUE 3 xuedy@ioz.ac.cn
1,3
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China; and 2 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160,
Bonn, Germany
The genus Pseudostegania Butler is revised. In addition to the two species known, four
species are described as new: P. lijiangensis sp. nov. from Yunnan Province, P.
qinlingensis sp. nov. from Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces, P. zhoui sp. nov. from Sichuan
Province (China) and P. burmaensis sp. nov. from Burma (Myanmar); two species are
newly combined with Pseudostegania: P. distinctaria (Leech, 1897), comb. nov. and P.
yargongaria (Oberthür, 1916), comb. nov. All the known species are redescribed and
lectotypes are designated for P. defectata (Christoph, 1881), P. distinctaria and P.
yargongaria. The generic characters, based on all species, are summarized. The tribal
placement of Pseudostegania is discussed. Illustrations of moths and genitalia are
presented.
Entomological Science 2010 Volume 13 Issue 2, Pages 234 - 249
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123562741/abstract
Eur. J. Entomol
Relationship between the natural duration of diapause and post-diapause
reproduction in the cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae)
WEI X.-T., ZHOU Y.-C., XIAO H.-J., WANG X.-P., BAO Z.-M. & XUE F.-S.* xue_fangsen@hotmail.com
Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China; e-mail:
The cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi Baly undergoes an imaginal summer and
winter diapause in the soil; adult emergence is spread over several months to more than
2 years, with prolonged diapause occurring in certain adults under natural conditions.
The relationship between natural duration of diapause and postdiapause reproduction
was investigated at 25°C under 12L : 12D photoperiod. The mean body weight of
postdiapause adults with the long diapause duration of 21 months was significantly
greater than with the shorter diapause duration of 5, 11 and 17 months. The longevity
and mean total egg production of the postdiapause adult females with the long diapause
duration of 21 months was significantly greater than that of postdiapause females with
shorter diapause duration of 5, 11 and 17 months. All results demonstrate that extended
diapause is associated with a high level of postdiapause reproductive performance. There
is no negative trade off between diapause duration and the post-diapause reproductive
traits that we measured in C. bowringi.
Eur. J. Entomol. 2010, 107(3): 337–340
http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1544&browsevol=107%283%29
Systematics and biogeography of the Indo-Malaysian endemic Neochauliodes
sundaicus species-group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae)
LIU X.*, HAYASHI F., FLINT O.S., JR & YANG D.
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; e-mail:
liu_xingyue@yahoo.com.cn
The Neochauliodes sundaicus species-group is newly proposed, containing six species and
endemic to Indo-Malaysia. All six species are described and illustrated, including two new
species: Neochauliodes parvus Liu, Hayashi & Flint, sp. n. and N. peninsularis Liu,
Hayashi & Flint, sp. n. Full species status is given to N. maculatus Stitz, 1914, stat. n.
and N. borneensis van der Weele, 1909, stat. n. A cladistic analysis is conducted to
reconstruct the species level phylogeny of the N. sundaicus group based on the
morphological data. Combining the present morphological phylogeny and historical
geography of Indo-Malaysia, the origin and speciation of this species-group is briefly
discussed.
Eur. J. Entomol. 2010, 107(3): 425–440
http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1552&browsevol=107%283%29
Genes, Brain and Behavior
NMDA receptors-dependent plasticity in the phototaxis preference behavior
induced by visual deprivation in young and adult flies
M. Zhou †,‡ , Z. Lei ‡,§ , H. Li ‡,§ , W. Yi †,‡ , Z. Zhang †,‡ and A. Guo *,†,§ akguo@ion.ac.cn
†
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China , ‡ Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and §
State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
Adult mammals have experience-dependent plasticity in visual system, but it is unclear
whether adult insects also have this plasticity after the critical period of visual
development. Here, we have established a modified Y-maze apparatus for investigating
experience-dependent plasticity in Drosophila. Using this setup we demonstrate that
flies after the critical period have bidirectional modifications of the phototaxis preference
behavior (PPB) induced by visual deprivation and experience: Visual deprivation
decreases the preference of flies for visible light, while visual experience exerts the
opposite effect. We also found an age-dependent PPB plasticity induced by visual
deprivation. Molecular and cellular studies suggest that the N-methyl- D-aspartate
receptors (NMDARs) mediate ocular dominance plasticity in visual cortex in mammals,
but direct behavioral evidence is lacking. Here, we used the genetic approaches to
demonstrate that NMDAR1, which is NMDARs subunit in Drosophila, can mediate PPB
plasticity in young and adult flies. These findings provide direct behavioral evidence that
NMDAR1 mediates PPB plasticity in Drosophila. Our results suggest that mammals and
insects have analogous mechanisms for experience-dependent plasticity and its
regulation by NMDAR signaling.
Genes, Brain and Behavior 2010 Volume 9 Issue 3, Pages 325 - 334
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123217101/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Heredity
Host-associated divergence and incipient speciation in the yucca moth Prodoxus
coloradensis (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) on three species of host plants
C S Drummond1,3, H-J Xue1,2,3, J B Yoder1 and O Pellmyr1cdrummon@uidaho.edu
1
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
2
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
A wide range of evolutionary processes have been implicated in the diversification of
yuccas and yucca moths, which exhibit ecological relationships that extend from obligate
plant–pollinator mutualisms to commensalist herbivory. Prodoxus coloradensis
(Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) is a yucca moth, which feeds on the flowering stalks of three
Yucca species as larvae, but does not provide pollination service. To test for evidence of
host-associated speciation, we examined the genetic structure of P. coloradensis using
mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I) and nuclear (elongation factor 1 alpha) DNA
sequence data. Multilocus coalescent simulations indicate that moths on different host
plant species are characterized by recent divergence and low levels of effective migration,
with large effective population sizes and considerable retention of shared ancestral
polymorphism. Although geographical distance explains a proportion of the mitochondrial
and nuclear DNA variation among moths on different species of Yucca, the effect of host
specificity on genetic distance remains significant after accounting for spatial isolation.
The results of this study indicate that differentiation within P. coloradensis is consistent
with the evolution of incipient species affiliated with different host plants, potentially
influenced by sex-biased dispersal and female philopatry.
Heredity (2010) 105, 183–196
http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v105/n2/abs/hdy2009154a.html
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular biology
Native subunit composition of two insect nicotinic receptor subtypes with
differing affinities for the insecticide imidacloprid
Jian Lia, 1, Ying Shaoa, 1, Zhiping Dinga, Haibo Baoa, Zewen Liua, , Zhaojun Hana and Neil S. Millarb
a
Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture,
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Tongwei Road 6, Nanjing, China
b
Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
Neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, are selective agonists of insect nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and are used extensively to control a variety of insect
pest species. The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), an insect pest of rice crops
throughout Asia, is an important target species for control with neonicotinoid insecticides
such as imidacloprid. Studies with nAChRs purified from N. lugens have identified two
[3H]imidacloprid binding sites with different affinities (Kd = 3.5 ± 0.6 pM and
1.5 ± 0.2 nM). Co-immunoprecipitation studies with native preparations of N. lugens
nAChRs, using subunit-selective antisera, have demonstrated the co-assembly of Nlα1,
Nlα2 and Nlβ1 subunits into one receptor complex and of Nlα3, Nlα8 and Nlβ1 into
another. Immunodepletion of Nlα1 or Nlα2 subunits resulted in the selective loss of the
lower affinity imidacloprid binding site, whereas immunodepletion of Nlα3 or Nlα8 caused
the selective loss of the high-affinity site. Immunodepletion of Nlβ1 resulted in a
complete absence of specific imidacloprid binding. In contrast, immunodepletion with
antibodies selective for other N. lugens nAChR subunits (Nlα4, Nlα6, Nlα7 and Nlβ2) had
no significant effect on imidacloprid binding. Taken together, these data suggest that
nAChRs containing Nlα1, Nlα2 and Nlβ1 constitute the lower affinity binding site, whereas
nAChRs containing Nlα3, Nlα8 and Nlβ1 constitute the higher affinity binding site for
imidacloprid in N. lugens.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 1722
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_ct=11&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=8538702&md5=3f456eeeef6728044df38475793eb260
Diverse cadherin mutations conferring resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin
Cry1Ac in Helicoverpa armigera
Jing Zhaoa, Lin Jina, Yihua Yanga and Yidong Wu , a,
a
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects (Ministry of Agriculture), Nanjing 210095, China
Transgenic cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins has been widely adopted
to control some key lepidopteran pests including the bollworm Helicoverpa armigera.
Evolution of resistance to Bt cotton by target pests is a major threat to the continued
success of Bt cotton. Previous results revealed 3 null alleles (r1–r3) of a cadherin gene
(Ha_BtR) conferring Cry1Ac resistance in H. armigera. An F1 screen of 123 single-pair
families was conducted between a Cry1Ac-resistant strain (the SCD-r1 strain,
homozygous for the r1 allele of Ha_BtR) and field-derived insects from Jiangpu
population (Jiangsu province, China) in 2008. Five new null alleles of Ha_BtR (r4–r8)
were identified in six candidate single-pair families. These null alleles were created
through either an insertion or a point mutation. Interestingly, intact alleles of Ha_BtR
were found in two field-derived insects from another two candidate single-pair families. It
suggests that these two field-derived insects may carry novel resistance alleles of
Ha_BtR, with missense mutations resulting in a non-functional cadherin protein, or a
major dominant mutation at a locus other than cadherin. The resistance allele frequency
of Ha_BtR was detected at an appreciable level (0.024) in the Jiangpu population of H.
armigera in 2008. Together with previous findings, a total of eight different resistance
alleles of Ha_BtR were identified from three Chinese strains of H. armigera. Mutational
diversity of Ha_BtR could impair DNA screening for Bt resistance allele frequency in the
field, and an F1 screen should be used routinely for monitoring cadherin-based resistance
allele frequencies in H. armigera.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages
113-118
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on=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=586462&md5=fc00fac834b93207e5fea10162d79c60
Identification of the chitin-binding proteins from the larval proteins of silkworm,
Bombyx mori
Liang Tanga, , Jiubo Lianga, , Zhigao Zhana, , Zhonghuai Xianga, and Ningjia He
a
The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry,
College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
, a,
The silkworm is a model organism for Lepidoptera. Its cuticle is composed mainly of
chitin and proteins, which plays essential roles in multiple physiological functions. The
binding of proteins to chitin plays an important role for cuticle formation. In this research,
a chitin-binding assay followed by a proteomics analysis was carried out using the
proteins extracted from the 5th instar larval cuticles. As results, twenty-two proteins
were identified including nine cuticular proteins, two lysozyme precursors, two proteins
with chitin-binding-type 2 domains, and other proteins. A cuticular protein with the RR-1
consensus, BmorCPR56, and a silkworm Tweedle protein, BmorCPT1, were detected in
the chitin-binding fraction for the first time and their chitin-binding activities were further
confirmed in vitro. The results of this research increase our understanding of the
structure of the silkworm larval cuticle.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 228234
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5257bfd4615fc9ef60f231b63da9f6d1
Shotgun proteomic analysis on the embryos of silkworm Bombyx mori at the
end of organogenesis
Jian-ying Lia, S. Hossein Hosseini Moghaddama, c, Jin-e Chena, Ming Chenb and
,
Bo-xiong Zhonga,
a
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
b
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
c
Agriculture Faculty, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
Embryonic development of silkworm, Bombyx mori is a process of systematical
expression of genes and proteins which is dominated by complex regulatory networks. To
gain comprehensive insight into the molecular basis of embryonic development and its
regulation mechanisms, the proteome profile of the B. mori embryos at the end of
organogenesis (tubercle appearance stage, TA) was characterized using LTQ-Orbitrap
mass spectrometer. Totally 963 proteins were identified with a false discovery rate (FDR)
of 0.12%. They were involved in embryonic development, chemoreception, and stimuli
response and so forth. The proteins with the largest number of identified unique peptides,
implying their possibly higher abundance, were involved in heat shock response, lipid
transport and metabolism, and apoptosis. It was consistent with the physiological status
of embryo at the end of organogenesis. Many functionally important proteins were
identified for the first time in B. mori embryo such as the progesterone receptor
membrane component 2, antennal binding protein, sericotropin, and molting fluid
carboxypeptidase A (MF-CPA). 253 (26.27%) specific proteins in TA versus labrum
appearance stage (LA, four days before TA) embryos were identified, which were mainly
associated with musculature, nervous system, and chemoreception system. They
disclosed the differential temporal and spatial expression of proteins in the process of
organogenesis. The relative mRNA levels of fifteen identified proteins in the two
experimented stages were also compared using quantitative reverse transcription PCR
(qRT-PCR) and showed some inconsistencies with protein expression. Gene Ontology (GO)
annotation of the identified proteins showed that the most proteome representations
were in the categories of “binding” and “catalytic” in molecular function, and “cellular
process” and “metabolic process” in biological process.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 293302
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=3a425c1c8b6804397e0127d47308d4cf
Cloning and characterization of acetylcholinesterase 1 genes from insecticideresistant field populations of Liposcelis paeta Pearman (Psocoptera:
Liposcelididae)
Shuang Wua, b, Ming Lia, Pei-An Tanga, c, Gary W. Feltonb and Jin-Jun Wanga,
,
Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest
University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
b
Department of Entomology, Center for Chemical Ecology, Penn State University, University Park, PA
16802, USA
c
School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing
210003, PR China
a
The psocid, Liposcelis paeta Pearman, is an increasingly important polyphagous pest of
stored products worldwide. Intensive use of organophosphorous insecticides for pest
control has facilitated resistance development in psocids in China. Three insecticideresistant field populations of L. paeta were collected from Nanyang city of Henan
Province (NY), and Wuzhou (WZ) and Hezhou (HZ) cities of Guangxi Province, China.
Previous studies have shown that psocids have different susceptibilities to insecticides. In
addition, their AChE susceptibilities to paraoxon-ethyl and demeton-S-methyl also
differed from each other. Acetylcholinesterase 1, which is one of the major targets for
organophosphate insecticides, has been fully cloned and sequenced from these
populations of L. paeta. Comparison of both nucleotide and deduced amino acid
sequences revealed nucleotide polymorphisms among L. paeta ace 1 genes from different
populations, but none of these polymorphisms correspond to the active sites in AChE 1
from other insects. The results of comparative quantitative real-time PCR indicated that
the relative expression level of HZ ace 1 gene was the highest among three populations,
which was 1.20 and 1.02-fold higher than those of NY and WZ populations, respectively.
This may due to an epigenetic inheritance phenomenon, which allows organisms to
respond to a particular environment through changes in gene expression.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 415-424
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5bc8da3b47e19496ae49f7ad51667d85
Molecular cloning and characterization of a prenyltransferase from the cotton
aphid, Aphis gossypii
Guang-Yuan Maa, Xiao-Fang Suna, Yong-Lei Zhanga, Zheng-Xi Li , a, and Zuo-Rui Shena
a
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing
100094, China
Prenyltransferases play a key role in isoprenoid biosynthesis. Here, a cDNA encoding a
prenyltransferase was isolated from the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, which consists of
1354 nucleotides and encodes a protein of 394 amino acids (AgIPPS). Subsequent
sequencing of AgIPPS genomic DNA resulted in one 3138-bp sequence. Southern blotting
analysis indicated that only a single IPPS gene exists in the cotton aphid. Real-time
quantitative PCR showed that AgIPPS transcripts were mainly present at the corpora
allatum, but small quantity could be detected in tissues other than the corpora allatum.
Transcript abundance changed in an alternative manner at different life stages. High
expression was observed in embryos, second and forth instar nymphs and adults, but
only low level was detected in the first and third instars. Functional expression, activity
assay and product analysis revealed that the mature form of AgIPPS (AgIPPS-S) could
efficiently convert labeled isopentenyl diphosphate in the presence of dimethylallyl
diphosphate to both geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate (FPP). These
data suggested that, unlike the green peach aphid and the pea aphid, the cotton aphid
appears to contain only a single IPPS with dual FPP/GPP synthase activity.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 552-561
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=46422cba50c565d4b79e288d36c05bb6
The G protein-coupled receptors in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Yi Fana, Peng Sunb, Yu Wangb, Xiaobai Hea, Xiaoyan Denga, Xiaopan Chena, Guozheng Zhangc, Xin
,
,
Chenb,
and Naiming Zhoua,
a
Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
b
Department of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
c
Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang,
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most versatile family of
transmembrane receptors in the cell, occupying the highest hierarchical positions in the
regulation of many physiological processes. Although they have been extensively studied
in a number of model insects, there have been few investigations of GPCRs in large
Lepidopterans, such as Bombyx mori, an organism that provides a means to perform
detailed tissue expression analyses, which may help to characterize GPCRs and their
ligands. In addition, B. mori, also known as the silkworm, is an insect of substantial
economic importance, due to its use in silk production and traditional medicines. In this
work, we computationally identified 90 putative GPCRs in B. mori, 33 of which represent
novel proteins. These GPCRs were annotated and compared with their homologs in
Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae. Phylogenetics analyses of the GPCRs
from these three insects showed that GPCRs may easily duplicate or disappear during
insect evolution, especially in the neuropeptide and protein hormone receptor subfamily.
Interestingly, we observed a decrease in the quantity and diversity of the stresstolerance gene, Methuselah, in B. mori, which may be related to its long history of
domestication. Moreover, the presence of many Bombyx-specific GPCRs suggests that
neither Drosophila nor Anopheles is good representatives for the GPCRs in the Class
Insecta.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 581591
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=99a4876abe733b77f3624413e8b47b26
Molecular characterization and RNA interference of three midgut
aminopeptidase N isozymes from Bacillus thuringiensis-susceptible and resistant strains of sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis
,
Yunlong Yanga, Yu Cheng Zhub,
, James Otteaa, Claudia Hussenedera, B. Rogers Leonarda, Craig
b
a
Abel and Fangneng Huang
a
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803,
USA
b
Jamie Whitten Delta States Research Center, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 346, 141 Experiment Station Rd.,
Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
Aminopeptidase N (APN) proteins located at the midgut epithelium of some lepidopteran
species have been implicated as receptors for insecticidal proteins from Bacillus
thuringiensis. cDNAs of three APN isoforms, DsAPN1, DsAPN2, and DsAPN3, from
Cry1Ab-susceptible (Cry1Ab-SS) and -resistant (Cry1Ab-RR) strains of the sugarcane
borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), were identified and sequenced
using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 5′ rapid
amplification of cDNA end (5′ RACE). The characteristic APN sequence features were
derived from deduced amino acid sequences of the cloned cDNAs. cDNA sequences of the
three APN genes were identical between the Cry1Ab-SS and -RR strains. However, total
APN proteolytic activity and gene expression of the three APNs from Cry1Ab-RR larvae
were significantly lower than those of the Cry1Ab-SS strain. RNA interference (RNAi) was
employed using an oral droplet feeding technique for the three APNs of the Cry1Ab-SS
strain. Down-regulating expressions of the three APN genes by RNAi were corresponding
to the reductions in the specific APN activity. In addition, silencing of all three APNs in D.
saccharalis in vivo by RNAi resulted in a decrease in Cry1Ab susceptibility. Our results
showed that reduction in expression of the three APNs is functionally associated with the
Cry1Ab resistance in D. saccharalis.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 40, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 592603
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=4162cae4bb8dc7cd356527859b0fba1f
Insect Molecular Biology
Pharmacological characterization of cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids in
relation to imidacloprid binding sites in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata
lugens
X. Xu*‡, H. Bao†‡, X. Shao*, Y. Zhang†, X. Yao†, Z. Liu† and Z. Li* jemunson@njau.edu.cn
lizhong@ecust.edu.cn
*Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science
and Technology, Shanghai, China; and †Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant
Disease and Insect, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University,
Nanjing, China
Neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, are selective agonists of the insect
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and extensively used in areas of crop
protection and animal health to control a variety of insect pest species. Here we describe
that two cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids (IPPA152002 and IPPA152004), recently
synthesized in our laboratory, discriminated between the high and low affinity
imidacloprid binding sites in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, a major insect
pest of rice crops in many parts of Asia. [3H]imidacloprid has two binding sites with
different affinities (Kd value of 0.0035 ± 0.0006 nM for the high-affinity site and 1.47 ±
0.22 nM for the low-affinity site). Although the cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids showed
low displacement ability (Ki values of 0.15 ± 0.03 µM and 0.42 ± 0.07 µM for
IPPA152002 and IPPA152004, respectively) against [3H]imidacloprid binding, low
concentrations (0.01 µM) of IPPA152002 completely inhibited [3H]imidacloprid binding at
its high-affinity site. In Xenopus oocytes co-injected with cRNA encoding Nlα1 and rat β2
subunits, obvious inward currents were detected in response to applications of
IPPA152002 and IPPA152004, although the agonist potency is reduced to that of
imidacloprid. The previously identified Y151S mutation in Nlα1 showed significant effects
on the agonist potency of IPPA152002 and IPPA152004, such as a 75.8% and 70.6%
reduction in Imax, and a 2.4- and 2.1-fold increase in EC50. This data clearly shows that
the two newly described cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids act on insect nAChRs and like
imidacloprid, discriminated between high and low affinity binding sites in N. lugens native
nAChRs. These compounds may be useful tools to further elucidate the pharmacology
and nature of neonicotinoid binding sites.
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 1, Pages 1 - 8
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122659416/abstract
A cathepsin L-like proteinase is involved in moulting and metamorphosis in
Helicoverpa armigera
L.-F. Wang*, L.-Q. Chai*, H.-J. He, Q. Wang, J.-X. Wang and X.-F. Zhao xfzhao@sdu.edu.cn
School of Life Sciences, the Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
Holometabolous insects undergo larval moulting and metamorphosis within their life cycle.
A cDNA encoding the cathepsin L-like proteinase Ha-cathL has been cloned from
Helicoverpa armigera. It has a sequence of 1826 bp and encodes a 550-residue protein
with a molecular mass of 63 kDa. Northern blot analysis indicated that Ha-cathL is
specifically expressed in haemocytes, with increased expression during larval moulting
and metamorphosis. In vivo experimentation revealed that Ha-cathL is up-regulated by
20-hydroxyecdysone. Meanwhile, in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry
revealed that Ha-cathL mRNA is mainly expressed in granulocytes and plasmatocytes.
Knock down of cathepsin L by RNA interference results in larvae death before pupation or
the formation of a chimeric pupa containing a larval head and thorax, abnormal wings
and the pupal abdomen. The reason for this is that the affected haemocytes cannot
become granulated, and therefore cannot participate in fat body remodelling and wing
development. These facts suggest that Ha-cathL is involved in larval moulting and
metamorphosis by participating in the functioning of haemocytes.
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 1, Pages 99 - 111
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123206893/abstract
Identification of an E-box DNA binding protein, activated protein 4, and its
function in regulating the expression of the gene encoding diapause hormone
and pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide in Helicoverpa armigera
C-H. Hu, B. Hong and W-H. Xu xuweihua@mail.sysu.edu.cn
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University,
Guangzhou, China
Activated protein 4 (AP-4), an E-box DNA-binding protein, was cloned from the cotton
bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Har). The expression of Har-AP-4 mRNA and the protein
that it encodes are significantly higher in nondiapause pupae than in diapause pupae. In
vitro-translated Har-AP-4 can bind specifically to the E-box motif on the promoter of the
diapause hormone and pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (DH-PBAN). HarAP-4, fused with the green fluorescent protein (GFP), is localized to the nucleus, and
overexpression of Har-AP-4 can significantly activate the promoter of the DH-PBAN gene
that is involved in nondiapause pupal development in H. armigera. These results suggest
that Har-AP-4, which binds to the promoter of DH-PBAN, may play a role in regulating
pupal development in H. armigera.
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 2, Pages 243 - 252
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123243743/abstract
PiggyBac-like elements in the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella
J. Wang*†, E. D. Miller‡, G. S. Simmons‡, T. A. Miller§, B. E. Tabashnik¶ and Y. Park* ypark@ksu.edu
*Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; †College of Horticulture
and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; ‡USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST, Decision
Support and Pest Management Systems Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ, USA; §Department of Entomology,
University of California, Riverside, CA, USA; and ¶Department of Entomology, University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ, USA
A transgenic line of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, a key lepidopteran
cotton pest, was generated previously using the piggyBac transposon IFP2 from
Trichoplusia ni. Here we identified an endogenous piggyBac-like element (PLE),
designated as PgPLE1, in the pink bollworm. A putatively intact copy of PgPLE1 (PgPLE1.1)
presents the canonical features of PLE: inverted terminal repeats with three C/G residues
at the extreme ends, inverted subterminal repeats, TTAA target site and an open reading
frame encoding transposase with 68% similarity to IFP2. Vectorette PCR revealed large
variation in the insertion sites of PgPLE1 amongst worldwide populations, indicating the
potential mobility of PgPLE1. The PgPLE1 was undetectable in the genome of
Pectinophora endema, implying the recent invasion of PgPLE1 after the divergence of
these two closely related species.
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 2, Pages 177 - 184
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123213877/abstract
Selectivity of lynx proteins on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the
brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens
B. Yang*, X. Yao†, S. Gu‡, Y. Zhang†, Z. Liu† and Y. Zhang‡ jemunson@njau.edu.cn
yjzhang@ippcaas.cn
*Rice Technology Research and Development Center, China National Rice Research Institute,
Hangzhou; ‡State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant
Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; and †Key Laboratory of Monitoring and
Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection,
Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are major excitatory
neurotransmitter receptors in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Two lynx proteins (Nllynx1 and Nl-lynx2) have been identified in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens,
which act as modulators on insect nAChRs. In the present study, two lynx proteins were
found to act on the triplet receptor Nlα1/Nlα2/β2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes,
increasing agonist-evoked macroscopic currents, but not changing agonist sensitivity and
desensitization properties. Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2 increased Imax (maximum responses) of
acetylcholine to 4.85-fold and 2.40-fold of that of Nlα1/Nlα2/β2 alone, and they also
increased Imax of imidacloprid to 2.57-fold and 1.25-fold. Although, on another triplet
nAChRs Nlα3/Nlα8/β2, Nl-lynx2 increased Imax of acetylcholine and imidacloprid to 3.63fold and 2.16-fold, Nl-lynx1 had no effects on Imax of either acetylcholine or imidacloprid.
The results demonstrate the selectivity of lynx proteins for different insect nAChR
subtypes. This selectivity was also identified in native N. Lugens. Co-immunoprecipitation
was found between Nlα1/Nlα2-containing receptors and both Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2, but
was only found between Nlα3/Nlα8-containing receptors and Nl-lynx2. When the
previously identified Nlα1Y151S and Nlα3Y151S mutations were included (Nlα1Y151S/Nlα2/β2
and Nlα3Y151S/Nlα8/β2), the increase in Imax of imidacloprid, but not acetylcholine, caused
by co-expression of Nl-lynx1 and Nl-lynx2 was more noticeable than that of their
wildtype counterparts. Taken together, these data suggest that two modulators, Nl-lynx1
and Nl-lynx2, might serve as an influencing factor in target site insensitivity in N. lugens,
such as Y151S mutation.
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 3, Pages 283 - 289
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123210666/abstract
Comparative analysis of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus responsive genes in
fat body and haemocyte of B. mori resistant and susceptible strains
Y-Y. Bao, Z-Y. Lv, Z-B. Liu, J. Xue, Y-P. Xu and C-X. Zhang chxzhang@zju.edu.cn
Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of
Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
The infection profiles of the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) in B. mori
larvae revealed that the virus invaded the fat body and haemocyte of both KN and 306
strains, which are highly resistant and susceptible, respectively, to BmNPV infection.
However, viral proliferation was notably slowed in the resistant B. mori strain. Using
suppression subtractive hybridization, two fat body cDNA libraries were constructed to
compare BmNPV responsive gene expression levels between the two silkworm lines. In
total, 96 differentially expressed genes were obtained. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR)
analysis confirmed that eight genes were significantly up-regulated in the fat body and
haemocyte of the KN strain following BmNPV injection. Our results suggest that these
genes may have potential roles in B. mori antiviral infection mechanisms.
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 3, Pages 347 - 358
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123304259/abstract
Apis mellifera has two isoforms of cytoplasmic HSP90
P. J. Xu*†, J. H. Xiao*, Q. Y. Xia‡, B. Murphy§ and D. W. Huang*¶ huangdw@ioz.ac.cn
*Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China; †Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; ‡The
Key Sericultural Laboratory of the Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China;
¶College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China; and
§Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada
Unlike most other insects, annotated genomic data suggest that Apis mellifera has two
homologous copies of the cytoplasmic gene HSP90. In this study, we did a phylogenetic
analysis on these two copies with some other insects HSP90 genes, and we also
manipulated a reverse transcript (RT)-PCR to find all the putative transcripts for both
copies. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that A. mellifera possesses two isoforms of
cytoplasmic HSP90: The 'traditional' isoform clusters with cytoplasmic HSP90 of other
insects. The other isoform, which occurs phylogenetically as the sister group of all insects,
may be a new gene and specific to A. mellifera. The results of RT-PCR indicate that this
new isoform contains at least eight transcripts derived from the same genomic locus by
complicated alternative splicing (GenBank accession numbers: FJ713701, FJ713702,
FJ713703, FJ713704, FJ713705, FJ713706, FJ713707 and FJ713708, respectively). The
existence of this specific HSP90 might be related to the caste differentiation of bees.
Insect Molecular Biology 2010 Volume 19 Issue 4, Pages 593 - 597
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123489818/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Insect Science
The silkworm homolog of Methoprene-tolerant (Met) gene reveals sequence
conservation but function divergence
Zhi-Qing Li1,*, Dao-Jun Cheng1,*, Ling Wei2, Ping Zhao1, Xu Shu1, Lin Tang1, Zhong-Huai Xiang1, QingYou Xia1,3xiaqy@swu.edu.cn
1
The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing
2
School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing
3
The Institute of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Methoprene-tolerant (Met) gene has been found to be involved in juvenile hormone (JH)
action in insects. Herein, we isolated a silkworm (Bombyx mori) homolog of Met gene
from Drosophila melanogaster using bio-informatics analysis and rapid amplification of
cDNA ends – polymerase chain reaction method, and defined it as BmMet. The full-length
cDNA of BmMet gene consists of 1 917 nucleotides and includes a 1 368 bp of open
reading frame for a deduced protein of 455 amino acids. All deduced protein sequences
from Met genes in B. mori and other surveyed insects contain four typical domains of
bHLH, PAS-A, PAS-B and PAC, highlighting a high sequence conservation of Met genes
during insect evolution. Also, genomic structure and phylogenic analysis suggested that
Met in both B. mori and Drosophila species may originate from an ancestor gene with gce,
another member of bHLH-PAS family, via gene duplication. In addition, BmMet was
detected in all surveyed tissues and throughout the whole life of silkworm at
transcriptional levels. Furthermore, silkworm individuals with RNAi silencing of BmMet
gene in the early stage of the fourth instar larvae could molt normally and pupate
successfully. This result was different from the observation in T. castaneum but similar to
that in D. melanogaster after Met knockdown, revealing that the action mode of Met in B.
mori and D. melanogaster should be divergent with that in other insect species.
Insect Science DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01314.x
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01314.x/abstract
Impacts of transgenic Bt cotton on the stylet penetration behaviors of
Bemisia tabaci biotype B: Evidence from laboratory experiments
Hai-Di Yin1, Xiao-Ying Wang1, Kun Xue1, Cui-Hong Huang1, Rong-Jiang Wang1, Feng-Ming Yan1,2,
Chong-Ren Xu1 fmyan@pku.edu.cn
1
College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing
2
College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
Stylet penetration behaviors of Bemisia tabaci biotype B on two transgenic cotton lines
“GK12” and “GK19” expressing Bt toxic protein Cry1A (Bt cotton) and a non-Bt
conventional cotton line “Simian-3” (CK cotton) were recorded with the direct current
electrical penetration graph (DC-EPG) technique. Our results suggested that EPG
waveform patterns, types and characteristics [non-probe (NP), pathway (C), potential
drops (pd) and phloem phase (E(pd))] of Bemisia tabaci biotype B were very similar on
the three cotton lines. There were no obvious differences of pathway variables among
whiteflies on the three cotton lines. Some phloem variables related to E(pd) 1 differed.
Duration of 1st E(pd)1 and mean duration of E(pd)1 on both GK12 and GK19 were
significantly shorter than that on CK cotton (P < 0.05). Fewer whiteflies on GK have long
E(pd)1. Other phloem variables including total duration of E(pd) summed, mean E(pd)
duration and percentage of whiteflies reaching the phloem phase were similar among the
three cotton lines.
Insect Science DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01313.x
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01313.x/abstract
Effects of abamectin selection on the genetic differentiation within Plutella
xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) based on amplified fragment length
polymorphism
Xiao-Mao Zhou1,2, Qing-Jun Wu1, You-Jun Zhang1, Lian-Yang Bai2, Xiong-Ying Huang2
wuqj@mail.caas.net.cn, wuqj@sina.com
1
Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing
2
Department of Pesticide Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is one of the most serious insect pests for its
remarkable ability to develop resistance to virtually every insecticide that has been used
against it. In the present study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is used
to study the genetic differentiation as well as the effects of abamectin-selection on
population genetic differentiation for P. xylostella. A dendrogram was constructed from
the matrix of genetic distances using the STATISTICA software (Version 4.5) and
unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA). The data
demonstrated that compared to the susceptible strain (ABM-s), the heterozygosity in the
abamectin-resistant strain (ABM-r) decreased with the increased selection pressure and
resistant level. When the resistance ratio was below 4.3, there was no significant
differentiation at the genome DNA level. When the resistance ratio reached 5.8, a fairly
significant differentiation began to appear, and when the resistance ratio reached and
exceeded 8.1, there appeared a significant genetic differentiation. The results suggest
that abamectin selection is associated with increased genetic polymorphism in P.
xylostella.
Insect Science DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2009.01307.x
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7917.2009.01307.x/abstract
Insectes Sociaux
Competition hierarchy and plant defense in a guild of ants on tropical Passiflora
F. F. Xu1, 2 and J. Chen1
cj@xtbg.org.cn
Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
In facultative ant–plant interactions, ants may compete with each other for food provided
by extrafloral nectar (EFN) plants. We studied resource competition and plant defense in
a guild of ants that use the same EFN resource provided by two species of Passiflora in a
seasonal rain forest in tropical China. At least 22 ant species were recorded using the
EFN resource, although some of those species were rare. Among these ants, Paratrechina
sp.1 and Dolichoderus thoracicus were more aggressive than other species. Ant
aggressiveness measured as ant behavioral dominance index (BDI) was positively
correlated with ant abundance on the Passiflora species studied. Ant BDI was also
positively correlated to the protection that ants provided against herbivory. In Passiflora
siamica, the number of workers patrolling on the plants did negatively correlate with
average leaf loss per plant. We conclude that in this facultative Passiflora–ant system,
plant defense upon herbivore was indeed influenced by the total number of ants present
on plant and the aggressiveness of these ants.
Insectes Sociaux Volume 57, Number 3 / August, 2010 343-349
http://www.springerlink.com/content/d282hq6005851l54/
Journal of Applied Entomology
Predicting potential distribution of chestnut phylloxerid (Hemiptera:
Phylloxeridae) based on GARP and Maxent ecological niche models
X. Y. Wang 1,2 , X. L. Huang 1 , L. Y. Jiang 1 & G. X. Qiao 1 qiaogx@ioz.ac.cn
1 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
The chestnut phylloxerid, Moritziella castaneivora, has been recently recorded as a forest
pest in China. It heavily damaged chestnut trees and has caused serious economic losses
in some main chestnut production areas. In order to effectively monitor and manage this
pest, it is necessary to investigate its potential geographical distribution worldwide. In
this study, we used two ecological niche models, Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set
Production (GARP) and Maximum Entropy (Maxent), along with the geographical
distribution of the host plants, Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata) and Chinese
chestnut (Castanea mollissima), to predict the potential geographical distribution of M.
castaneivora. The results suggested that the suitable distribution areas based on GARP
were general consistent with those based on Maxent, but GARP predicted distribution
areas that extended more in size than did Maxent. The results also indicated that the
suitable areas for chestnut phylloxerid infestations were mainly restricted to Northeast
China (northern Liaoning), East China (southern Shandong, northern Jiangsu and
western Anhui), North China (southern Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin), Central China
(eastern Hubei and southern Henan), Japan (Kinki, Shikoku and Tohoku) and most parts
of the Korean Peninsula. In addition, some provinces of central and western China were
predicted to have low suitability or unsuitable areas (e.g. Xinjiang, Qinghai and Tibet). A
jackknife test in Maxent showed that the average precipitation in July was the most
important environmental variable affecting the distribution of this pest species.
Consequently, the study suggests several reasonable regulations and management
strategies for avoiding the introduction or invasion of this high-risk chestnut pest to these
potentially suitable areas.
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 1, Pages 45 - 54
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122615154/abstract
Mass releases of Trichogramma ostriniae increase maize production in DPR
Korea
F. Zhang 1,2 , D. Babendreier 1 , Z.-Y. Wang 2 , K. S. Il 3 , L. Zheng 4 , Y. C. Pyon 3 , S.-X. Bai 2 , K.
Song 4 , J. O. Ri 3 , M. Grossrieder 1 & U. Kuhlmann 1 d.babendreier@cabi.org
1 CABI Europe-Switzerland – Agricultural Pest Research, Delémont, Switzerland
2 MOA – CABI Joint Laboratory for Bio-safety, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of
Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
3 Plant Protection Institute, Pyongyang, Korea
4 Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, Hebei,
China
Field-scale experiments were conducted in 2005 and 2006 on three cooperative farms in
DPR Korea to evaluate the potential of Trichogramma ostriniae releases to reduce tunnel
damage of maize plants caused by the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, and increase
grain maize production. When released three times against the first generation of the
pest at nominal densities of about 150 000 parasitoids/ha each and another two times
against the second generation (in total 750 000 parasitoids/ha), significant effects on all
assessed parameters were obtained. In the release plots, a mean parasitism rate of 61%
was found, significantly different from the 21.8% found in non-release (control) plots.
Furthermore, the number of larvae was significantly reduced in release plots compared to
control plots by 63.5% over all farms and both study years. Feeding tunnels caused by
the Asian corn borer were reduced in length in the release plots by 64.1%. Finally, we
found that fresh yield of maize ears was significantly higher in the release plots
compared to control plots. For all farms and both years, the increase in fresh yield was
28.2%. In this paper we are for the first time presenting data in an international journal
on the effect of Trichogramma releases on maize production in DPRK. Although T.
ostriniae releases at high host densities observed in the present study were not able to
completely suppress damage by the Asian corn borer, the yield increase of more than
1 ton/ha indicate that T. ostriniae releases may contribute significantly to stabilize the
country's maize production as well as support community efforts to avoid reversion into a
food emergency situation.
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 5, Pages 481 - 490
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123301670/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
Cross-resistance of Cry1Ab-selected Asian corn borer to other Cry toxins
L. Xu 1 , Z. Wang 1 , J. Zhang 1 , K. He
a.m.r.gatehouse@newcastle.ac.uk
1
, N. Ferry
2
& A. M. R. Gatehouse
2
kanglai.he@263.net
1 The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
2 Institute for Research on Environment and Sustainability, School of Biology, University of Newcastle,
Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is the most
important insect pest of maize in China. Despite the proven track record of biotech
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize to provide an effective means to control lepidopteran
pests such as the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), these crops have not
been commercialized in China. However, Cry1Ab- and Cry1F-expressing maize derived
from genetic transformation events MON810 (Monsanto), Bt11 (Syngenta) and TC1507
(Pioneer, DuPont) as well as Cry1Ah-, Cry1A- (a Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac hybrid toxin), and
Cry1Ac-, Cry1Ie-expressing maize developed by the Chinese institutions have been
shown to effectively suppress O. furnacalis in field trials. The development of resistance
in target pests is a major threat to the use of Bt maize. A strain of O. furnacalis selected
with Cry1Ab protein incorporated into artificial diet developed more than 100-fold
resistance to Cry1Ab after 35 generations of selection, and readily consumed Cry1Abexpressing maize silks. Although LC50s of the selected insect strain were not
progressively increased, and even decreased in the following generations, these insects
(ACB-AbR) could survive on Cry1Ab-expressing maize tissue after 51 generations of
selection. In addition, susceptibility of ACB-AbR to a number of other Bt toxins to which
the selected strains had not previously been exposed, was significantly decreased. The
highest level of cross-resistance was observed with Cry1Ah (131-fold), followed by
Cry1Ac (36-fold). A low level of cross-resistance (6-fold) to Cry1F was also detected. In
contrast, ACB-AbR was equally susceptible to Cry1Ie as the unselected control strain.
These results indicate that the availability of multiple toxins could improve resistance
management strategies, provided that the potential for cross-resistance among toxins is
not an issue.
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 5, Pages 429 - 438
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123324216/abstract
Electrophysiological responses of Batocera horsfieldi (Hope) adults to plant
volatiles
P.-P. Zhuge, S.-L. Luo, M.-Q. Wang & G. Zhang mqwang@mail.hzau.edu.cn Man-Qun Wang
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant
Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
The olfactory stimuli from the maturation feeding-plant, Rosa multiflora Thunb., and
larval-host plant, Populus deltoides, of the longhorned beetle, Batocera horsfieldi (Hope),
were investigated by using TCT-GC/MS (Thermal desorption and cold trap, and GC/MS)
and electroantennogram recordings (EAG). A total of 20 plant compounds were identified
from plant headspace volatile, including aliphatic, aromatic and terpenoid compounds.
Five compounds were common to both plants. Eight compounds eliciting strong EAG
response were E-3-hexenyl acetate, 3-carene, 1-penten-3-ol, 3-pentanol, Z-2-penten-1ol, hexanal and E-2-hexenal. Female and male B. horsfieldi exhibited broad overlap in
their EAG responses to individual plant odour, and there was no clear pattern of
difference between responses of female and male antennae to different compounds.
Mating status had little effect on the EAG responses of females.
Journal of Applied Entomology 2010 Volume 134 Issue 7, Pages 600 - 607
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123500005/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Mutations of an Arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase, Bm-iAANAT, Are
Responsible for Silkworm Melanism Mutant *
Fang-yin Dai‡,1, Liang Qiao‡,1, Xiao-ling Tong‡§,1, Cun Cao‡, Peng Chen‡, Jun Chen‡, Cheng Lu‡,2 and
Zhong-huai Xiang‡lucheng@swu.edu.cn
From the ‡College of Biotechnology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University,
Chongqing 400715, China and
the §Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
Coloration is one of the most variable characters in animals and provides rich material for
studying the developmental genetic basis of pigment patterns. In the silkworm, more
than 100 gene mutation systems are related to aberrant color patterns. The melanism
(mln) is a rare body color mutant that exhibits an easily distinguishable phenotype in
both larval and adult silkworms. By positional cloning, we identified the candidate gene of
the mln locus, Bm-iAANAT, whose homologous gene (Dat) converts dopamine into Nacetyldopamine, a precursor for N-acetyldopamine sclerotin in Drosophila. In the mln
mutant, two types of abnormal Bm-iAANAT transcripts were identified, whose expression
levels are markedly lower than the wild type (WT). Moreover, dopamine content was
approximately twice as high in the sclerified tissues (head, thoracic legs, and anal plate)
of the mutant as in WT, resulting in phenotypic differences between the two. Quantitative
reverse transcription PCR analyses showed that other genes involved in the melanin
metabolism pathway were regulated by the aberrant Bm-iAANAT activity in mln mutant
in different ways and degrees. We therefore propose that greater accumulation of
dopamine results from the functional deficiency of Bm-iAANAT in the mutant, causing a
darker pattern in the sclerified regions than in the WT. In summary, our results indicate
that Bm-iAANAT is responsible for the color pattern of the silkworm mutant, mln. To our
knowledge, this is the first report showing a role for arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferases
in color pattern mutation in Lepidoptera.
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285, 19553-19560. June 18, 2010
http://www.jbc.org/content/285/25/19553.abstract
Disruption of Lysosome Function Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis in
Drosophila*
Congwu Chi‡,1, Huanhu Zhu‡,1, Min Han‡§,2, Yuan Zhuang‡¶, Xiaohui Wu‡,3 and Tian Xu‡‖,2,4
xiaohui_wu@fudan.edu.cn tian.xu@yale.edu
From the ‡Institute of Developmental Biology and Molecular Medicine, Fudan-Yale Center for Biomedical Research,
School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China,
the §Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of
Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0347,
the ¶Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27701, and
the ‖Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven,
Connecticut 06536
Lysosome function is essential to many physiological processes. It has been suggested
that deregulation of lysosome function could contribute to cancer. Through a genetic
screen in Drosophila, we have discovered that mutations disrupting lysosomal
degradation pathway components contribute to tumor development and progression.
Loss-of-function mutations in the Class C vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) gene, deep
orange (dor), dramatically promote tumor overgrowth and invasion of the RasV12 cells.
Knocking down either of the two other components of the Class C VPS complex,
carnation (car) and vps16A, also renders RasV12 cells capable for uncontrolled growth and
metastatic behavior. Finally, chemical disruption of the lysosomal function by feeding
animals with antimalarial drugs, chloroquine or monensin, leads to malignant tumor
growth of the RasV12 cells. Taken together, our data provide evidence for a causative role
of lysosome dysfunction in tumor growth and invasion and indicate that members of the
Class C VPS complex behave as tumor suppressors.
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285, 21817-21823. July 9, 2010
http://www.jbc.org/content/285/28/21817.abstract
Journal of Chemical Ecology
Changes of Sex Pheromone Communication Systems Associated with
Tebufenozide and Abamectin Resistance in Diamondback Moth, Plutella
xylostella (L.)
Zhen Xu1, Guang-Chun Cao2 and Shuang-Lin Dong1
sldong@njau.edu.cn
Entomology Department/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects,
Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
Many insect pests have evolved resistance to insecticides. Along with this evolution, the
sex pheromone communication system of insects also may change, and subsequently
reproductive isolation may occur between resistant and susceptible populations. In this
study of the diamondback moth, we found that resistant females (especially Abamectin
resistant females) produced less sex pheromone and displayed a lower level of calling
behavior. Resistant males showed higher EAG responsiveness to the sex pheromone
mixture of females, and responded to a broader range of ratios between the two major
components compared to the responses of susceptible moths. In addition, wind tunnel
experiments indicated that changes associated with insecticide resistance in the
Abamectin resistant strain (Aba-R) significantly reduced female attractiveness to
susceptible males. Furthermore, mating choice experiments confirmed that non-random
mating occurred between the two different strains. Aba-R females with an abnormal
pheromone production and blend ratio exhibited significantly lower mating percentages
with males from either their own strain or other strains, which corroborates the results
obtained by the wind tunnel experiments. The implications of this non-random mating for
insect speciation and insecticide resistance management are discussed.
Journal of Chemical Ecology Volume 36, Number 5 / May, 2010 526-534
http://www.springerlink.com/content/9gp95733722gl71l/
Biosynthesis of Unusual Moth Pheromone Components Involves Two Different
Pathways in the Navel Orangeworm, Amyelois transitella
Hong-Lei Wang1, 2, Cheng-Hua Zhao2, Jocelyn G. Millar3, Ring T. Cardé3 and Christer Löfstedt1
Department of Ecology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, The
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
The sex pheromone of the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera:
Pyralidae), consists of two different types of components, one type including (11Z,13Z)11,13-hexadecadienal (11Z,13Z-16:Ald) with a terminal functional group containing
oxygen, similar to the majority of moth pheromones reported, and another type including
the unusual long-chain pentaenes, (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-3,6,9,12,15-tricosapentaene
(3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z-23:H) and (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)- 3,6,9,12,15-pentacosapentaene
(3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z-25:H). After decapitation of females, the titer of 11Z,13Z-16:Ald in
the pheromone gland decreased significantly, whereas the titer of the pentaenes
remained unchanged. Injection of a pheromone biosynthesis activating peptide (PBAN)
into the abdomens of decapitated females restored the titer of 11Z,13Z-16:Ald and even
increased it above that in intact females, whereas the titer of the pentaenes in the
pheromone gland was not affected by PBAN injection. In addition to common fatty acids,
two likely precursors of 11Z,13Z-16:Ald, i.e., (Z)-11-hexadecenoic and (11Z,13Z)-11,13hexadecadienoic acid, as well as traces of (Z)-6-hexadecenoic acid, were found in gland
extracts. In addition, pheromone gland lipids contained (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid, which also was found in extracts of the rest of the
abdomen. Deuterium-labeled fatty acids, (16,16,16-D3)-hexadecanoic acid and (Z)[13,13,14,14,15,15,16,16,16-D9]-11-hexadecenoic acid, were incorporated into
11Z,13Z-16:Ald after topical application to the sex pheromone gland coupled with
abdominal injection of PBAN. Deuterium label was incorporated into the C 23 and C25
pentaenes after injection of (9Z,12Z,15Z)- [17,17,18,18,18-D5]-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic
acid into 1–2 d old female pupae. These labeling results, in conjunction with the
composition of fatty acid intermediates found in pheromone gland extracts, support
different pathways leading to the two pheromone components. 11Z,13Z-16:Ald is
probably produced in the pheromone gland by Δ11 desaturation of palmitic acid to 11Z16:Acid followed by a second desaturation to form 11Z,13Z-16:Acid and subsequent
reduction and oxidation. The production of 3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z-23:H and
3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z-25:H may take place outside the pheromone gland, and appears to
start from linolenic acid, which is elongated and desaturated to form
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid, followed by two or three
further elongation steps and finally reductive decarboxylation.
Journal of Chemical Ecology Volume 36, Number 5 / May, 2010 535-547
http://www.springerlink.com/content/g5m68x4411667123/
Journal of Economic Entomology
Differential Accumulation of Phytohormones in Wheat Seedlings Attacked by
Avirulent and Virulent Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Larvae
Zhu, Lieceng; Liu, Xiang; Chen, Ming-Shun
We analyzed the accumulation of six phytohormones and phytohormone-related
compounds in a wheat, Triticum aestivium L., genotype, `Molly', after attacks by
avirulent and virulent Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae),
larvae, respectively, and we examined the expression of genes in the jasmonic acid (JA)
pathway by Northern blot analysis. Compared with uninfested plants, attacks by avirulent
larvae resulted in increased accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) by 11.3- and 8.2-fold, 12oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) by 36.4-and 18.7-fold, 18:3 fatty acid by 4.5- and 2.2-fold,
and 18:1 fatty acid by 1.8- and 1.9-fold at 24 and 72 h post-initial attack (hpia),
respectively, but an 20% decrease in JA accumulation at 24 hpia at the attack site.
Attacks by the virulent larvae did not affect the accumulation of SA, OPDA, and 18:3 and
18:1 fatty acids but dramatically increased the concentration of auxin (AUX) from
undetectable in uninfested plants to 381.7 ng/g fresh weight at 24 hpia and 71.0 ng/g
fresh weight at 72 hpia in infested plants. Transcript levels of genes encoding
lipoxygenase 2, allene oxide synthase, and Arabidopsis storage protein 2 were increased
after avirulent larval attacks but decreased after virulent larval attacks. Our results
suggest that OPDA and SA may act together in wheat resistance to the Hessian fly,
whereas AUX may play a role in the susceptibility of wheat plants. The increased OPDA
accumulation after avirulent larval attacks was at least partially regulated through gene
transcription.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 178-185(8)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000001/art
00024
Pyriproxyfen Resistance of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Biotype B:
Metabolic Mechanism
Ma, W.; Li, X.; Dennehy, T. J.; Lei, C.; Wang, M.; Degain, B. A.; Nichols, R. L.
Juvenile hormone (JH) analog insecticides are relatively nontoxic to vertebrates and
provide efficient control of key arthropod pests. One JH analog, pyriproxyfen, has
provided over a decade of exceptional management of whiteflies in cotton of the
southwestern United States. Thwarting resistance to pyriproxyfen in Bemisia tabaci
(Gannadius) (a.k.a. Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) has been the focus of an
integrated resistance management program because this insecticide was first registered
for use in Arizona cotton in 1996. Resistance levels have increased slowly in field
populations in recent years but have not demonstrably affected field performance of
pyriproxyfen. Resistant strains have been isolated and studied in the laboratory to
determine the mechanism of resistance and identify optimal strategies for controlling
resistant whiteflies. Synergism bioassays showed that resistance in a laboratory-selected
strain QC02-R, was partially suppressible with piperonyl butoxid (PBO) and diethyl
maleate (DEM) but not with S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF). Consistent with
the synergism bioassay results, enzymatic assays revealed that the enzyme activities of
cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450) and glutathione S-transferases (GST) but not
esterases were significantly higher in the pyriproxyfen-resistant QC02-R strain than in
the susceptible strain. These results indicate that both P450 and GST are involved in
whitefly resistance to pyriproxyfen.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 158-165(8)
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00021
Response of Tomicus yunnanensis (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) to Infested and
Uninfested Pinus yunnanensis Bolts
Liu, Hui; Zhang, Zhen; Ye, Hui; Wang, Hongbin; Clarke, Stephen R.; Jun, Lu
Tomicus yunnanensis Kirkendall and Faccoli (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is a
newly described pine shoot beetle found in southwestern China. This beetle has
affected >200,000 ha of Pinus yunnanensis (Franchet) forests over the past 30 yr. After
maturation feeding in the shoots, adults attack the boles in December to produce a new
generation. A hanging bolt study was initiated in November 2006 to detect the beetle
flight patterns and to test if dispersing beetles respond to infested and uninfested
material. Treatments tested were females only, males only, male and female pairs, and
uninfested bolts. Beetles were collected on the bolts between 9:30 and 18:30, with peak
catch in the afternoon between 14:00 and 18:30. No beetles were collected during the
dark. Though trunk attacks in the field were observed in November, beetles were first
collected on the bolts in January. No beetles were captured after March. Differences in
numbers of beetles collected between treatments with infested bolts varied by month,
but uninfested bolts always attracted fewer adults.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 1, February 2010 , pp. 95-100(6)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000001/art
00013
Sulfuryl Fluoride as a Quarantine Treatment for Chlorophorus annularis
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Chinese Bamboo Poles
Yu, Daojian; Barak, Alan V.; Jiao, Yi; Chen, Zhinan; Zhang, Guiming; Chen, Zhilin; Kang, Lin; Yang,
Weidong
Bamboo (genera Bambusa and Phyllstachys) is one of the fastest growing and
economically important plants in the world, and it is cultivated widely throughout
southern China. China annually exports to the United States significant quantities of
bamboo garden stakes (Bambusa spp.). In recent years, Plant Protection and Quarantine
officers of the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
have made numerous interceptions of the bamboo borer, Chlorophorus annularis
Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in bamboo products from China. This species is
considered to have high pest risk potential in the trade of bamboo products. As a
fumigant, sulfuryl fluoride (SF) would be a practical alternative to methyl bromide (MeBr)
fumigation. Here, we report the results of SF fumigation tests for C. annularis in bamboo
poles at three doses—96 g/m3 at 15.9°C, 80 g/m3 at 21.5°C, and 64 g/m3 at 26.0°C—in
glass test chambers. Commercial standard fumigations were also conducted in a standard
6.1-m-long, 33.2-m3 (standard height, 20-feet) marine general cargo container loaded to
80% (vol:vol) with similar bamboo poles, and sufficient levels of SF were obtained during
the 24-h fumigations. During the course of these tests, 2,424 larvae, 90 pupae, and 23
adults in total were killed, with no survivors. A treatment schedule using SF is proposed
for bamboo as an alternative to MeBr at several temperatures tested.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 277-283(7)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000002/art
00010
Insecticidal Activity of Camptothecin Against Nilaparvata lugens, Brevicoryne
brassicae, and Chilo suppressalis
Ma, Jianyi; Tong, Senmiao; Wang, Pinwei; Liao, Wenli; Liu, Hongbo; Zhang, Liqin
Greenhouse tests showed that 0.2% camptothecin emulsifiable concentrate (EC) has
strong contact toxicity to three agricultural pests, with LC50 and LC90 values of 0.1-0.6
and 0.4-5.0 mg liter−1, respectively. The descending order of susceptibility was
Nilaparvata lugens (Ståhl) > Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) > Chilo suppressalis (Walker).
Field tests showed that the corrected mortality of B. brassicae and N. lugens was 94.6
and 69.1%, respectively, which was not significantly different from that with 10%
imidacloprid WP at 98.4 and 63.4%, respectively. The corrected mortality of C.
suppressalis was 85.8%, which was not significantly different from that with 5% Regent
SC at 93.0%. Camptothecin EC showed no acute oral toxicity to the mouse (LD50 > 5,000
mg/kg) nor acute dermal toxicity (LD50 > 2,000 mg/kg)
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 2, April 2010 , pp. 492-496(5)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000002/art
00037
Risk of Introducing Exotic Fruit Flies, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis cosyra, and
Ceratitis rosa (Diptera: Tephritidae), Into Southern China
Li, Baini; Ma, Jun; Hu, Xuenan; Liu, Haijun; Wu, Jiajiao; Chen, Hongjun; Zhang, Runjie
Exotic fruit flies (Ceratitis spp.) are often serious agricultural pests. Here, we used
pathway analysis and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the risk of introduction of
Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), and Ceratitis rosa Karsch, into
southern China with fruit consignments and incoming travelers. Historical data, expert
opinions, relevant literature, and archives were used to set appropriate parameters in the
pathway analysis. Based on the ongoing quarantine/inspection strategies of China, as
well as the interception records, we estimated the annual number of each fruit fly species
entering Guangdong province undetected with commercially imported fruit, and the
associated risk. We also estimated the gross number of pests arriving at Guangdong
ports with incoming travelers and the associated risk. Sensitivity analysis also was
performed to test the impact of parameter changes and to assess how the risk could be
reduced. Results showed that the risk of introduction of the three fruit fly species into
southern China with fruit consignments, which are mostly transported by ship, exists but
is relatively low. In contrast, the risk of introduction with incoming travelers is high and
hence deserves intensive attention. Sensitivity analysis indicated that either ensuring all
shipments meet current phytosanitary requirements or increasing the proportion of fruit
imports sampled for inspection could substantially reduce the risk associated with
commercial imports. Sensitivity analysis also provided justification for banning
importation of fresh fruit by international travelers. Thus, inspection and quarantine in
conjunction with intensive detection were important mitigation measures to reduce the
risk of Ceratitis spp. introduced into China.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 11001111(12)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000004/art
00011
Resistance of Cultivated Rice Varieties to Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera:
Pyralidae)
Xu, Jie; Wang, Qi-Xiang; Wu, Jin-Cai
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a major pest in rice, Oryza
sativa L. (Graminales: Poaceae), in Asia. The current study investigated the resistance of
17 rice varieties or lines to C. medinalis and behavioral responses of the insect to
varieties of different corrected damage ratings (CDRs) and damaged leaves scales (DLSs).
The results showed that most varieties (or lines) commonly cultured in rice production
were susceptible (DLS 3 and 5) to damage caused by C. medinalis; Yangjing 9538, 91SP,
and TN1 were the most susceptible (DLS 7 and 9). A significant positive correlation was
observed between CDR and leaf width and chlorophyll content in rice leaves, whereas no
significant correlations between resistance and plant height and leaf length were found.
The number of eggs laid by C. medinalis adult females significantly increased with CDR.
There was a significant difference in the number of eggs laid for varieties of different
DLSs. The number laid on varieties of DLS 9 was 44.4, 134.5, and 466.7% greater than
DLS 7, 5 and 3, respectively; the number laid on varieties of DLS 7 was 65.5% greater
than DLS 5 and 300% greater than DLS 3; and the number laid on those of DLS 5 was
141.7% greater than DLS 3. Developmental duration (day) of larvae, the body length of
fifth instar larvae and pupae weight also significantly increased with CDR. A significant
difference of to excised leaves was also found among different DLSs with a higher
proportion of both first and third instars settled on the leaves of high DLS. Dispersal
experiments of larvae on excised leaves showed that the number of first instars that
remained settled gradually increased with DLSs. These findings suggested that rice of
higher DLS are more suitable for feeding and settling of larvae.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 11661171(6)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000004/art
00018
Insecticide Resistance Status of Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae) Adults in Northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Jiang, Wei-Hua; Wang, Zhi-Tian; Xiong, Man-Hui; Lu, Wei-Ping; Liu, Ping; Guo, Wen-Chao; Li, GuoQing
Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae),
has become the economically most important insect defoliator of potatoes, Solanum
tuberosum L., in northern Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in China. Currently, control
of Colorado potato beetle relies mainly on chemical insecticides. And this may result in
insecticide resistance. In this study, LD50 values were measured by a topical bioassay for
14 conventional insecticides in seven local populations from Urumqi, Changji, Tacheng,
Nilka, Gongliu, Qapqal, and Tekes counties (cities). The Tekes field population was the
most susceptible population and was selected as a reference strain. Compared with the
Tekes strain, the Changji, Qapqal, Nilka, Tacheng, and Gongliu populations exhibited
moderate to very high levels of resistance to cyhalothrin. The Qapqal and Changji
populations showed a moderate and a very high resistance to deltamethrin, respectively.
And the Changji population developed a high resistance against α-cypermethrin.
Moreover, the Qapqal population had a moderate resistance to carbofuran, and the
Urumqi population reached high level of resistance to endosulfan. Possible resistance
mechanisms of the Changji and Qapqal populations were determined using three enzyme
inhibitors. Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), diethylmeleate, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) had
little synergism to cyhalothrin in the two populations. In contrast, PBO and TPP exhibited
some synergistic effects to carbofuran in the Qapqal population, indicating the
involvement of monooxygenases and esterases in conferring carbofuran resistance. It
seems that additional mechanisms, such as target site insensitivity, should play an
important role in Colorado potato beetle resistances to cyhalothrin and carbofuran in
northern Xinjiang local populations.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 13651371(7)
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00043
Assessment of the Contact Toxicity of Methyl Palmitate on Tetranychus
viennensis (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Wang, Y. N.; Wang, H. X.; Jin, Y. S.; Bu, C. Y.; Cheng, J.; Zhao, L. L.; Shi, G. L.
Previous work demonstrated that methyl palmitate possesses acaricidal activity against
Tetranychus viennensis Boisduval (Acari: Tetranychidae) via an unknown mechanism.
Here, the symptoms of methyl palmitate toxicity to T. viennensi were studied to
determine the acaricidal mechanism of action of this fatty acid methyl ester. Methyl
palmitate caused concentration-dependent mortality of T. viennensis, with a moderate
concentration (5 mg/ml) eliciting excitement and premature oviposition without spinning
shortly after exposure. Tremors of the appendages were subsequently observed, followed
by quiescence after ≈5 h. Mites developed dorsal fluid exosmosis at 15-20 h
posttreatment with reduced egg production, followed shortly thereafter by death. Some
typical neurotoxic symptoms such as excitement and convulsions were observed in
methyl palmitate-exposed mites, suggesting that methyl palmitate may be a neurotoxin.
Compared with other neurotoxic acaricides, methyl palmitate poisoning is a slow process
in mites. Transmission electron microscopy revealed serious ultrastructural damage in
response to 5 mg/ml methyl palmitate exposure. Autolysis of membranous structures
was also observed, especially in the mitochondria, suggesting a novel mode of action for
methyl palmitate-induced toxicity.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 13721377(6)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000004/art
00044
Silicon-Mediated Rice Plant Resistance to the Asiatic Rice Borer (Lepidoptera:
Crambidae): Effects of Silicon Amendment and Rice Varietal Resistance
Hou, Maolin; Han, Yongqiang
The Asiatic rice borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is one of
the most destructive pests in rice, Oryza sativa L., throughout Asian countries. The aim
of this study was to investigate the potential of applied silicon in mediating rice plant
resistance to C. suppressalis in a susceptible (Shanyou63) and a moderately resistant
(Yanfeng47) rice cultivar. Silicon-treated plants showed significant increases in silicon
content compared with the control. Silicon addition significantly decreased borer
penetration, weight gain, and stem damage, and it prolonged penetration duration and
larval development; some of the effects were manifested more strongly in the susceptible
rice cultivar compared with the moderately resistant cultivar. Therefore, silicon
amendment may contribute to the suppression of C. suppressalis directly through
reduced feeding damage and performance and indirectly through increased exposure
time of young larvae to natural enemies and control measures.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 14121419(8)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000004/art
00050
Transgenic Rice Plants Expressing a Fused Protein of Cry1Ab/Vip3H Has
Resistance to Rice Stem Borers Under Laboratory and Field Conditions
Chen, Yang; Tian, Jun-Ce; Shen, Zhi-Chen; Peng, Yu-Fa; Hu, Cui; Guo, Yu-Yuan; Ye, Gong-Yin
Six transgenic rice, Oryza sativa L., lines (G6H1, G6H2, G6H3, G6H4, G6H5, and G6H6)
expressing a fused Cry1Ab/Vip3H protein, were evaluated for resistance against the
Asiatic rice borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and the stem
borer Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the laboratory and field. The
bioassay results indicated that the mortality of Asiatic rice borer and S. inferens neonate
larvae on six transgenic lines from seedling to filling stage was up to 100% at168 h after
infestation. The cumulative feeding area by Asiatic rice borer neonate larvae on all
transgenic lines was significantly reduced compared with the untransformed parental
`Xiushui 110′ rice. A 2-yr field evaluation showed that damage during the vegetative
stage (deadheart) or during the reproductive stage (whitehead) caused by Asiatic rice
borer and S. inferens for transgenic lines was much lower than the control. For three
lines (G6H1, G6H2, and G6H6), no damage was found during the entire growing period.
Estimation of fused Cry1Ab/Vip3H protein concentrations using PathoScreen kit for BtCry1Ab/1Ac protein indicated that the expression levels of Cry1Ab protein both in main
stems (within the average range of 0.006-0.073% of total soluble protein) and their flag
leaves (within the average range of 0.001-0.038% of total soluble protein) were
significantly different among six transgenic lines at different developmental stages. Both
laboratory and field researches suggested that the transgenic rice lines have considerable
potential for protecting rice from attack by both stem borers.
Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 103, Number 4, August 2010 , pp. 14441453(10)
http://esa.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/jee/2010/00000103/00000004/art
00054
Journal of Experimental Biology
Comb construction in mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and
Apis mellifera
Ming-Xian Yang1,2, Ken Tan2,3, Sarah E. Radloff4,*, Mananya Phiancharoen5 and H. Randall Hepburn1,2
s.radloff@ru.ac.za
1
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
2
Eastern Bee Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province 650201, People's Republic of China
3
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province,
650223, People's Republic of China
4
Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
5
Rachaburi campus, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachautid Road, Bangkok
10140, Thailand
Comb building in mixed-species colonies of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera was studied.
Two types of cell-size foundation were made from the waxes of these species and
inserted into mixed colonies headed either by an A. cerana or an A. mellifera queen. The
colonies did not discriminate between the waxes but the A. cerana cell-size foundation
was modified during comb building by the workers of both species. In pure A. cerana
colonies workers did not accept any foundation but secreted wax and built on foundation
in mixed colonies. Comb building is performed by small groups of workers through a
mechanism of self-organisation. The two species cooperate in comb building and
construct nearly normal combs but they contain many irregular cells. In pure A. mellifera
colonies, the A. cerana cell size was modified and the queens were reluctant to lay eggs
on such combs. In pure A. cerana colonies, the A. mellifera cell size was built without any
modification but these cells were used either for drone brood rearing or for food storing.
The principal elements of comb-building behaviour are common to both species, which
indicates that they evolved prior to and were conserved after speciation.
Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1659-1664 (2010)
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1659
Effects of wing deformation on aerodynamic forces in hovering hoverflies
Gang Du* and Mao Sun dugang@buaa.edu.cn
Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and
Astronautics, Beijing, China
We studied the effects of wing deformation on the aerodynamic forces of wings of
hovering hoverflies by solving the Navier–Stokes equations on a dynamically deforming
grid, employing the recently measured wing deformation data of hoverflies in free-flight.
Three hoverflies were considered. By taking out the camber deformation and the
spanwise twist deformation one by one and by comparing the results of the deformable
wing with those of the rigid flat-plate wing (the angle of attack of the rigid flat-plate wing
was equal to the local angle of attack at the radius of the second moment of wing area of
the deformable wing), effects of camber deformation and spanwise twist were identified.
The main results are as follows. For the hovering hoverflies considered, the time courses
of the lift, drag and aerodynamic power coefficients of the deformable wing are very
similar to their counterparts of the rigid flat-plate wing, although lift of the deformable
wing is about 10% larger, and its aerodynamic power required about 5% less than that of
the rigid flat-plate wing. The difference in lift is mainly caused by the camber deformation,
and the difference in power is mainly caused by the spanwise twist. The main reason that
the deformation does not have a very large effect on the aerodynamic force is that,
during hovering, the wing operates at a very high angle of attack (about 50 deg) and the
flow is separated, and separated flow is not very sensitive to wing deformation. Thus, as
a first approximation, the deformable wing in hover flight could be modeled by a rigid
flat-plate wing with its angle of attack being equal to the local angle of attack at the
radius of second moment of wing area of the deformable wing.
Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 2273-2283 (2010)
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/13/2273
Tarsal taste neuron activity and proboscis extension reflex in response to
sugars and amino acids in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)
Yun-Feng Zhang1, Joop J. A. van Loon2 and Chen-Zhu Wang1,* czwang@ioz.ac.cn
1
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
2
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The
Netherlands
In adult female Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), the fifth tarsomere of the prothoracic
legs bears 14 gustatory trichoid chemosensilla. These chemosensilla were characterized
through electrophysiological experiments by stimulating with sucrose, glucose, fructose,
maltose, myo-inositol and 20 common amino acids. In electrophysiological recordings
from nine sensilla, responses were obtained to certain compounds tested at 100 mmol l–1,
and the response spectra differed from broad to narrow. The four sugars excited the
same receptor neuron in sensillum a and sensillum b; sucrose and myo-inositol, sucrose
and lysine, myo-inositol and lysine excited two different receptor neurons respectively in
sensillum a; fructose and lysine excited two different receptor neurons in sensillum n.
Furthermore, the four sugars, myo-inositol and lysine all elicited concentration-dependent
electrophysiological responses. These six compounds also induced the proboscis
extension reflex (PER) followed by ingestion of the solution when they were applied on
the tarsi. Lysine and sucrose caused the strongest electrophysiological responses.
However, sucrose had the strongest stimulatory effect on the PER whereas lysine had the
weakest. Mixtures of sucrose with the other sugars or with lysine had a similar
stimulatory effect on the PER as sucrose alone. The electrophysiological and behavioural
responses caused by a range of sucrose concentrations were positively correlated. We
conclude that the tarsal gustatory sensilla play an essential role in perceiving sugars
available in floral nectar and provide chemosensory information determining feeding
behaviour. Tarsal taste-receptor-neuron responses to lysine are implicated in oviposition
behaviour.
Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 2889-2895 (2010)
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/16/2889
Journal of Insect behaviour
Calling Behavior and Rhythms of Sex Pheromone Production in the Black
Cutworm Moth in China
Yu-yong Xiang1, 2, Mao-fa Yang1
and Zi-zhong Li1 yangmaofa68@hotmail.com
1Key Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Pest Management in Mountain Agriculture of Guizhou Province,
Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
2Department of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, 239012, Anhui, China
The hourly and daily variation of calling behavior and sex pheromone production by the
female black cutworm moth, Agrotis ypsilon (Rottemberg), were investigated. Both
calling behavior and titers of five sex pheromone components showed distinct diel
rhythms, and peak periods of calling and pheromone titer were synchronous. Females
began to call on the first night after eclosion and called mainly during the second half of
the scotophase. The percentage of females calling increased in 1 to 3-d-old females and
decreased in 3 to 7-d-old females. Females advanced their calling time with increasing
age (1 to 7 d). GC-MS analysis of hexane extracts of pheromone glands revealed that the
titers of the five sex pheromone components were very low on the first night after
eclosion, but increased sharply and peaked on the third night. Titers decreased greatly
with increasing age (3 to 7 d), but from the onset of the scotophase to 4.5 h into
scotophase, titers remained invariate. However, from 4.5 to 7 h, pheromone titers,
especially that of the primary component Z7-12:Ac, increased sharply and peaked. After
the peak, the titers decreased greatly at 8 h, and thereafter decreased gradually to the
level before 4.5 h. The quantity of each component almost reached zero after lights-on.
Journal of Insect Behavior Volume 23, Number 1 / January, 2010 35-44
http://www.springerlink.com/content/u65v62018664h023/?p=804d48f63ede4c078655f5
a819a85970&pi=3
Anti-predator Fan-blowing in Guard Bees, Apis mellifera capensis Esch
Minxian Yang1, 2, Sarah Radloff3
, Ken Tan2 and Randall Hepburn1, 2
1Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South
Africa
2Eastern Bee Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province, People’s Republic of China
3Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South Africa
Honeybees employ different defensive strategies depending on the nature of potential
predators. The Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis, exhibits a unique fan-blowing
behaviour to repel ants and similar sized insects at the nest entrance. Guard bees turn in
alternating clockwise and anticlockwise circles on a fixed vertical axis and fan their wings
when encountering tramp ants (Pheidole megacephala), aphids (Myzus persicae) and
termites (Trinervitermes trinovoides) on the landing board of a hive. The blowing force
was constant and was driven by fanning with a wing-beat frequency of 274.8 ± 16.3 Hz,
which exceeds that of flight. On the contrary, small hive beetles (Aethina tumida) were
removed by mauling and expulsion whereas larvae of the greater waxmoth (Galleria
mellonella) and the mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) were seized with mandibles and thrown
from the nest area.
Journal of Insect Behavior Volume 23, Number 1 / January, 201012-18
http://www.springerlink.com/content/c70r867055x3j6u8/?p=804d48f63ede4c078655f5a
819a85970&pi=1
Nestmate Recognition Differences between Honeybee Colonies of Apis cerana
and Apis mellifera
Ken Tan1, 2, Zheng-Wei Wang2, Mingxian Yang2, 3, Randall Hepburn2, 3 and Sarah Radloff4
s.radloff@ru.ac.za
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province,
6502231, People’s Republic of China
Eastern Bee Research Institute of Yunnan, Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province, People’s Republic of China
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South
Africa
Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, Republic of South Africa
Nestmate recognition in Apis cerana and Apis mellifera was studied by introducing sealed
queen cells heterospecifically between queenless colonies. No A. cerana queens were
accepted by queenless A. mellifera; but A. mellifera queens were accepted in queenless A.
cerana colonies. A. mellifera queens oviposited in queenless A. cerana colonies, but A.
cerana workers removed most eggs. In time, egg removals declined, and some A.
mellifera larvae that hatched from these eggs reached adulthood, and eventually about
half of the workers were newly emerged A. mellifera. Eventually, the colonies consisted
only of A. mellifera after A. cerana workers died by attrition. A. mellifera workers are
more sensitive to nestmate recognition and killed the A. cerana virgin queens. In mixedspecies colonies, after newly emerged A. mellifera workers matured, they removed eggs
laid by the A. cerana queens until there were no workers to replace the old ones.
Journal of Insect Behavior 2010 381-388 10.1007/s10905-010-9220-1
http://www.springerlink.com/content/h387355003723871/
Sex-Ratio Bias in Alates of Polygyne Colonies of the Red Imported Fire Ant
Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in China
J. W. Ye1, Y. Y. Lu1, Y. J. Xu1
and L. Zeng1
xuyijuan@yahoo.com zengling@scau.edu.cn
Red Imported Fire Ant Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China,
510642
A sex-ratio bias was studied in alates of natural polygyne colonies of Solenopsis invicta
Buren in southern China. The results showed that at the population level, the numbers of
male and female alates were nearly equal, even though there was a strong bias toward
producing one particular sex at the nest level. For example, 88.89% of the nests sampled
were strongly biased toward males or females. In particular, three bias types were
observed: extreme female bias, extreme male bias, and a moderate bias. Future studies
should address the factors that lead queens to produce strongly biased sex ratios.
Journal of Insect Behavior 2010 396-40410.1007/s10905-010-9222-z
http://www.springerlink.com/content/8h16327tl4042567/
Journal of Insect Conservation
On the conservation biology of a Chinese population of the birdwing Troides
aeacus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Xiu-shan Li1, 2, 3
, You-qing Luo1, Ya-lin Zhang2, Oliver Schweiger4, Josef Settele4
and Qingsen Yang5 xiushanli@vip.163.com
Key Laboratory of Forests, Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, 100083 Beijing, China
Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education,
Entomological Museum of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi,
China
The Station of Forests Pests and Diseases Control and Quarantine, 730050 Lanzhou, Gansu Province,
China
UFZ-Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, TheodorLieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
The Station of Forests Pests and Diseases Control and Quarantine, 741020 Xiaolongshan, Tianshui,
China
This study deals with the habitat requirements and (meta)population ecology of the
Birdwing Butterfly Troides aeacus in the Xiaolongshan forest area and the Baishuijiang
Natural Reserve of Gansu Province, China. The more descriptive components mainly
summarize the biology and habitat requirements of the species. A detailed account is
given of 3-year presence/absence dynamics in a suspected metapopulation, which
consists of ten habitat patches. By means of GLM a habitat model was developed which
has shown that the abundance of Troides aeacus will increase with both the number of
larval host plants and adult nectar plants, while it will decrease with denser forest canopy
structure. The hierarchical partitioning of the explained variance indicated that the
independent effects of the number of nectar plants and the forest canopy density are the
most important factors, while the explanatory power of the number of host plants was
minimal. Habitat loss and degradation are the most severe threats to Troides aeacus
populations in the study area. These are mainly due to continuous human activities such
as destruction of forest for reclamation, grazing, mine exploitation, and cutting of
firewood, but also herbicide application and sometimes even certain types of
afforestation. While the availability of host plants is a clear pre-requisite for the survival
of the species, conservation should be most efficient through an increase in the
abundance of nectar plants as well as through the avoidance of complete forest cover
(through an appropriate cutting management which would also promote growth of the
host plants). As environmental threats are quite similar in the entire Southern Gansu
region, we expect that the implementation of such butterfly conservation measures
should have positive impacts on many other components of biodiversity.
Journal of Insect Conservation Volume 14, Number 3 / June, 2010 257-268
http://www.springerlink.com/content/02006562ur0w2576/
Journal of Insect Physiology
Analysis of pupal head proteome and its alteration in diapausing pupae of
Helicoverpa armigera
Lizhen Chen1, a, Weihua Ma1, a, Xiaoping Wanga, Changying Niua andChaoliang Lei , a,
a
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
The proteomic approach has proven to be an useful tool for understanding insect
diapause processes. Using 2D gel electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser/desorption
ionization (MALDI) time of flight (TOF), we identified 24 proteins in the head of
Helicoverpa armigera pupae with diverse functional characteristics, including cytoskeleton
proteins, heat-shock proteins, insect development regulation factors, ATPases, proteins
regulating signal pathway and enzymes involved in metabolism, etc. A proteomic
comparison between nondiapausing and diapausing pupae revealed three proteins that
were present only in nondiapausing pupae, and six proteins represented ≥2.0-fold or
≤0.5-fold changes. The differentially expressed proteins, including heat-shock protein 90,
chitin deacetylase, alpha-tubulin and transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase, etc.
were reported for the first time in H. armigera. Identification of these proteins will enable
us to further characterize the regulated functions of diapause in this important species.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 247-252
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00050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=8538702&md5=9e4a76311c43220c5c48f04734da976f
Methanol metabolism in the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
,
,
Lei Guoa, 1, Xiang-Yong Zengb, a, 1, Deng-Yuan Wangb,
and Guo-Qing Lia,
a
Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University,
Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Pests,
Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
b
College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
Plants produce and release large quantities of methanol, especially when attacked by
herbivores. It seems that the herbivores may suffer from methanol intoxication. Here we
reported the tolerance to and the metabolism of methanol by Ostrinia furnacalis thirdinstar larvae. When larvae were exposed to dietary methanol, formaldehyde and formic
acid for 72 h, the estimated LC50 value was 28, 40 and 29 mg/g diet, respectively.
Toxicity of methanol was enhanced by 4-methylpyrazole, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and
piperonyl butoxide, and toxicity of formaldehyde was increased by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole
and piperonyl butoxide. However, triphenyl phosphate had little synergistic effects on
both methanol and formaldehyde. These data indicate that alcohol dehydrogenase, and
probably catalase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase oxidize methanol to
formaldehyde, catalase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase catalyze formaldehyde to
formic acid, water and carbon dioxide, and carboxylesterase may have a minor effect.
Several fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were identified from extracts of the frass of
larvae which had been exposed to a methanol-contained diet, in contrast to those on a
methanol-free artificial diet. In vitro tests revealed that a crude enzyme solution from the
larvae could synthesize FAMEs from corresponding fatty acids and methanol. In addition,
dietary methanol induced higher esterase activities in the first-, second- and third-instar
larvae. These findings demonstrate that both oxidative metabolism and non-oxidative
metabolism are partially responsible for methanol elimination in O. furnacalis larvae.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 260-265
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00050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=8538702&md5=a0cebc1353152251c378c5dd1f9798e5
A proteomic analysis of Helicoverpa armigera adults after exposure to UV light
irradiation
Jian-Yu Meng1, a, Chang-Yu Zhang1, a and Chao-Liang Lei , a,
a
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory,
Institute of Insect Resources, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Ultraviolet (UV) light (blacklight), which emits UV in the range of 320–400 nm, has been
used worldwide in light trapping of insect pests. To gain a better understanding of the
response of Helicoverpa armigera adults to UV light irradiation, we carried out a
comparative proteomic analysis. Three-day-old adults were exposed to UV light for 1 h.
Total proteins were extracted and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
More than 1200 protein spots were reproducibly detected, including 12 that were more
abundant and 21 less abundant. Mass spectrometry analysis and database searching
helped us to identify 29 differentially abundant proteins. The identified proteins were
categorized into several functional groups including signal transduction, RNA processing,
protein processing, stress response, metabolisms, and cytoskeleton structure, etc. This
study is the first analysis of differentially expressed proteins in phototactic insects under
UV light irradiation conditions and gives new insights into the adaptation mechanisms
responsive to UV light irradiation stress.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 405-411
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ion=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=8538702&md5=3aa73a80445312d6f2535e1650296014
Sequencing and characterization of six cDNAs putatively encoding three pairs of
pheromone receptors in two sibling species, Helicoverpa armigera and
Helicoverpa assulta
,
Dan-Dan Zhanga, Kun Yan Zhub and Chen-Zhu Wanga,
a
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents,
Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road,
Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
b
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Pheromone receptors (PRs) on male antennae mediate specific and sensitive detection of
sex pheromone components in lepidopterans. In this study, we identified and sequenced
six putative cDNAs encoding PRs from sibling species, namely HarmOR1, HarmOR2 and
HarmOR3 in Helicoverpa armigera and HassOR1, HassOR2 and HassOR3 in Helicoverpa
assulta, which appeared to be orthologs of Heliothis virescens putative PR genes HvOR13,
HvOR11 and HvOR16, respectively. Expression patterns of the six PR genes were
evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). All the putative PR genes exhibited
male-biased expression patterns in adult antennae except for HarmOR2 and HassOR2
that showed similar expression levels in male and female antennae. Expression level of
HarmOR1 was significantly higher than those of HarmOR2 and HarmOR3 in male
antennae of H. armigera, but the three corresponding PR genes in male antennae of H.
assulta showed similar expression levels. This implies the role of the PR encoded by
HarmOR1 for interacting with Z11-16:Ald. The level of HarmOR1 transcript was
significantly higher than that of HassOR1. These results were consistent with the ratio of
Z11-16:Ald in their sex pheromone blends and the abundance of sensilla tuned to Z1116:Ald on antennae of male adults of the two species.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 586-593
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=4996c9a06ddadc56d6a8b06a6052bbcc
Characterization of a Cry1Ac toxin-binding alkaline phosphatase in the midgut
from Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) larvae
,
Changming Ninga, b, Kongming Wua,
, Chenxi Liua, Yulin Gaoa,
Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentesc and Xiwu Gaob
a
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
b
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
c
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Midgut membrane-bound alkaline phosphatases (mALP) tethered to the brush border
membrane surface by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor have been proposed as
crucial for Cry1Ac intoxication. In the present work, two full-length cDNAs-encoding
alkaline phosphatases in the midgut of Helicoverpa armigera larvae were cloned and
named HaALP1 (GenBank accession no. EU729322) and HaALP2 (GenBank accession no.
EU729323), respectively. These two clones displayed high identity (above 94%) at the
amino acid sequence, indicating that they may represent allelic variants, and were
predicted to contain a GPI anchor. Protein sequence alignment revealed that HaALPs
were grouped with mALP from the Heliothis virescens midgut. The HaALP1 and HaALP2
( 68 kDa) proteins were heterologously expressed in Sf9 cells using a baculovirus
expression system and purified to homogeneity. Ligand blot and dot blot analysis
revealed that the Cry1Ac bound to both denatured and native purified HaALPs. Data from
lectin blots, competition assays with soybean agglutinin (SBA) lectin and GalNAc binding
inhibition assays were indicative of the presence of GalNAc on HaALPs and binding of
Cry1Ac toxin to this residue. This observation was further confirmed through Nglycosidase digestion of HaALPs, which resulted in reduced Cry1Ac binding. Our data
represent the first report on HaALPs and their putative role as receptors for Cry1Ac toxin
in H. armigera.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 666-672
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=bb600d0f99c3b46ae224694ae904a1c7
Thermoregulation in mixed-species colonies of honeybees (Apis cerana and Apis
mellifera)
,
Ming-Xian Yanga, b, Zheng-Wei Wangb, Hua Lib, Zu-Yun Zhangb, Ken Tanb, Sarah E. Radloffc,
H. Randall Hepburna, b
a
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
b
Eastern Bee Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan
Province, People's Republic of China
c
Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
and
Apis cerana and Apis mellifera normally display different strategies in cooling hive
temperature, raising the question whether they would coordinate their efforts in to
achieve stable thermoregulation in mixed colonies. The results show that the normal
temperatures in the brood area in mixed colonies are more similar to those of pure A.
cerana colonies than pure A. mellifera colonies. Under heat stress, A. cerana workers are
more sensitive, and initiate fanning earlier than A. mellifera workers. In mixed colonies,
the former become the main force for thermoregulation. When worker bees of both
species were fanning together at the entrance, their own species-specific postures were
adopted, but due to a significantly smaller number of A. mellifera workers engaged in
fanning, the cooling efficiency of mixed colonies were closest to that of pure A. cerana
colonies.
Journal of Insect PhysiologyVolume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 706-709
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=95b1efa49583c00aa23aa24734084fc6
Antisera-mediated in vivo reduction of Cry1Ac toxicity in Helicoverpa armigera
,
Chenxi Liua, Yulin Gaoa, Changming Ninga, b, Kongming Wua,
, Brenda Oppertc and Yuyuan Guoa
a
State Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese
Academy of Agricultural Science, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, China
Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University,
West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, China
c
USDA ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS
66502, USA
b
A functional assessment of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin receptors in the midgut of
lepidopteran insects will facilitate understanding of the toxin mode of action and provide
effective strategies to counter the development of resistance. In this study, we produced
anti-aminopeptidase (APN) and anti-cadherin sera with purified Cry1Ac toxin-binding APN
or cadherin fragments from Heliocoverpa armigera. Antisera were evaluated for their
effects on Cry1Ac toxicity through bioassays. Our results indicated that both the anti-APN
and anti-cadherin sera reduced Cry1Ac toxicity in vivo, although cadherin antiserum
reduced toxicity more than APN antiserum. These results suggest that both APN and
cadherin are involved in Cry1Ac intoxication of H. armigera, evidence that the pore
formation model may be representative of Cry1Ac toxin mode of action in this insect.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 718-724
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=92fa30fb9a45039a9d214e42f955f769
A chymotrypsin-like serine protease cDNA involved in food protein digestion in
the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura: Cloning, characterization,
developmental and induced expression patterns, and localization
Chun Zhanga, Daohua Zhoua, Sichun Zhenga, Lin Liua, Shu Taob, Li Yangb, Songnian Hub and Qili Fenga,
,
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences,
South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
b
CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
a
A full-length cDNA (Slctlp2) encoding a chymotrypsin-like serine protease was cloned
from Spodoptera litura. This cDNA encoded a putative serine protease with a predicted
molecular mass of 30.6 kDa, which contained a serine protease catalytic motif GDSGGPL.
Temporal and spatial expression of Slctlp2 mRNA and protein detected by Northern
blotting, RT-PCR, qPCR and Western blotting analyses revealed that both Slctlp2 mRNA
and protein were mainly present in the foregut and midgut of the 5th and 6th instar
larvae during the feeding stages. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry
confirmed that both Slctlp2 mRNA and protein were predominately present in the midgut.
Expression of the gene was not induced by bacterial infection. Juvenile hormone III
induced the gene expression, while 20-hydroxyecdysone had no impact on the
expression. The expression of Slctlp2 mRNA and protein was down-regulated by
starvation but up-regulated by re-feeding. The SlCTLP2 protein was detected in the
lumen residues of the anterior, middle and posterior midgut and feces of the feeding 6th
instar larvae, suggesting that it was secreted from the epithelium into the lumen of the
gut. The results suggest that this Slctlp2 gene may be involved in digestive process of
food proteins during the feeding stages of the larval development.
Journal of Insect PhysiologyVolume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 788-799
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=3a9d5314ea5603af6d1bebbca35430c6
Characterization of a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene from Spodoptera
exigua and its function identification through RNA interference
Bin Tanga, b, Jie Chena, Qiong Yaoa, Zhanqing Pana, Weihua Xua, Shigui Wangb and Wenqing Zhanga,
,
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou,
Guangdong 510275, China
b
Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, Hangzhou Normal University,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
a
,
Trehalose is an important disaccharide and a key regulation factor for the development of
many organisms, including plants, bacteria, fungi and insects. In order to study the
trehalose synthesis pathway, a cDNA for a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase from
Spodoptera exigua (SeTPS) was cloned which contained an open reading frame of 2481
nucleotides encoding a protein of 826 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of
92.65 kDa. The SeTPS genome has 12 exons and 11 introns. Northern blot and RT-PCR
analyses showed that SeTPS mRNA was expressed in the fat body and in the ovary.
Competitive RT-PCR revealed that SeTPS mRNA was expressed in the fat body at
different developmental stages and was present at a high level in day 1S. exigua pupae.
The concentrations of trehalose and glucose in the hemolymph were determined by HPLC
and showed that they varied at different developmental stages and were negatively
correlated to each other. The survival rates of the insects injected with dsRNA
corresponding to SeTPS gene reached 53.95%, 49.06%, 34.86% and 33.24% for 36, 48,
60 and 204 h post-injection respectively which were significantly lower than those of the
insects in three control groups. These findings provide new data on the tissue distribution,
expression patterns and potential function of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 813-821
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=ace8298af70f4641f2c0693b9c4449f8
Triazophos up-regulated gene expression in the female brown planthopper,
Nilaparvata lugens
Yan-Yuan Baoa, Bao-Ling Lia, Zhao-Bu Liua, Jian Xuea, Zeng-Rong Zhua, Jia-An Chenga and Chuan-Xi
Zhang , a,
a
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology
of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029,
China
The widespread use of insecticides has caused the resurgence of the brown planthopper,
Nilaparvata lugens, in Asia. In this study, we investigated an organo-phosphorous
insecticide, triazophos, and its ability to induce gene expression variation in female N.
lugens nymphs just before emergence. By using the suppression subtractive
hybridization method, a triazophos-induced cDNA library was constructed. In total, 402
differentially expressed cDNA clones were obtained. Real-time qPCR analysis confirmed
that triazophos up-regulated the expression of six candidate genes at the transcript level
in nymphs on day 3 of the 5th instar. These genes encode N. lugens vitellogenin, bystin,
multidrug resistance protein (MRP), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), pyrroline-5carboxylate reductase (P5CR) and carboxylesterase. Our results imply that the upregulation of these genes may be involved in the induction of N. lugens female
reproduction or resistance to insecticides.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1087-1094
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=bcf3262ef5e7192d5ec2f85f2f55bf22
Differential gene expression of the honey bees Apis mellifera and A. cerana
induced by Varroa destructor infection
,
Yi Zhanga, b, Xuejiao Liuc, d, Wenqing Zhanga and Richou Hanb,
a
College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
b
Guangdong Entomological Institute, 105 Xingang Road W., 510260 Guangzhou, China
c
South China Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
d
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
Varroa destructor mite is currently the most serious threat to the world bee industry.
Differences in mite tolerance are reported between two honey bee species Apis mellifera
and Apis cerana. Differential gene expression of two honey bee species induced by V.
destructor infection was investigated by constructing two suppression subtractive
hybridization (SSH) libraries, as first steps toward elucidating molecular mechanisms of
Varroa tolerance. From the SSH libraries, we obtained 289 high quality sequences which
clustered into 132 unique sequences grouped in 26 contigs and 106 singlets where 49
consisted in A. cerana subtracted library and 83 in A. mellifera. Using BLAST, we found
that 85% sequences had counterpart known genes whereas 15% were undescribed. A
Gene Ontology analysis classified 51 unique sequences into different functional categories.
Eight of these differentially expressed genes, representative of different regulation
patterns, were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Upon the mite induction, the differentially
expressed genes from both bee species were different, except hex 110 gene, which was
up-regulated in A. cerana but down-regulated in A. mellifera, and Npy-r gene, which was
down-regulated in both species. In general, most of the differential expression genes
were involved in metabolic processes and nerve signaling. The results provide
information on the molecular response of these two bee species to Varroa infection.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1207-1218
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=c565154cc68d6c3a4e4fe627b2a87749
The gut transcriptome of a gall midge, Mayetiola destructor
Shize Zhanga, Richard Shukleb, Omprakash Mittapallic, Yu Cheng Zhud, John C. Reesee, Haiyan Wangf,
,
,
Bao-Zhen Huaa and Ming-Shun Cheng,
a
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi
712100, China
b
USDA-ARS, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
c
Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development
Center, Wooster, OH 44691, United States
d
USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, PO Box 346, Stoneville, MS 38776, United States
e
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
f
Department of Statistics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
g
USDA-ARS and Department Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United
States
The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor, is a serious pest of wheat and an experimental
organism for the study of gall midge–plant interactions. In addition to food digestion and
detoxification, the gut of Hessian fly larvae is also an important interface for insect–host
interactions. Analysis of the genes expressed in the Hessian fly larval gut will enhance
our understanding of the overall gut physiology and may also lead to the identification of
critical molecules for Hessian fly–host plant interactions. Over 10,000 Expressed
Sequence Tags (ESTs) were generated and assembled into 2007 clusters. The most
striking feature of the Hessian fly larval transcriptome is the existence of a large number
of transcripts coding for so-called small secretory proteins (SSP) with amino acids less
than 250. Eleven of the 30 largest clusters were SSP transcripts with the largest cluster
containing 11.3% of total ESTs. Transcripts coding for diverse digestive enzymes and
detoxification proteins were also identified. Putative digestive enzymes included trypsins,
chymotrypsins, cysteine proteases, aspartic protease, endo-oligopeptidase,
aminopeptidases, carboxypeptidases, and α-amylases. Putative detoxification proteins
included cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, peroxidases, ferritins, a catalase,
peroxiredoxins, and others. This study represents the first global analysis of gut
transcripts from a gall midge. The identification of a large number of transcripts coding
for SSPs, digestive enzymes, detoxification proteins in the Hessian fly larval gut provides
a foundation for future studies on the functions of these genes.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1198-1206
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=669fb837569bac5d1c540a7245e3fb04
Are color or high rearing density related to migratory polyphenism in the bandwinged grasshopper, Oedaleus asiaticus?
,
,
Arianne J. Ceasea,
, Shuguang Haob, Le Kangb, James J. Elsera and Jon F. Harrisona
a
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
b
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Locusts represent an impressive example of migratory polyphenism, with high densities
triggering a switch from a solitarious, shorter dispersal range, and sometimes greenish
phenotype to a gregarious and sometimes darker form exhibiting behavioral,
morphological and physiological traits associated with long-distance migratory swarms.
While such polyphenism has been well documented in Locusta migratoria and
Schistocerca gregaria, the extent to which other grasshoppers exhibit this type of
migratory polyphenism is unclear. Anecdotally, the Chinese grasshopper, Oedaleus
asiaticus, forms migratory swarms comprised mostly of a darker, brown-colored morph,
but also exhibits a non-migratory green-colored morph that predominates at low
densities. In a population in Inner Mongolia not currently exhibiting migratory swarms,
we found that while green and brown O. asiaticus are found concurrently across our
sampled range, only brown grasshoppers were found in high densities. Differences
between field-collected brown and green forms matched some but not key predictions
associated with the hypothesis that the brown form is morphologically and physiologically
specialized for gregarious migration. Controlling for body mass, brown forms had more
massive thoraxes, abdomens and legs, and higher metabolic rates, but not more flight
muscle or lipid stores. Further, the brown and green grasshoppers did not differ in
gregarious behavior, and neither would fly in multiple lab and field trials. Lab or fieldrearing at high densities for one-to-multiple juvenile instars caused grasshoppers to
exhibit some morphological traits predicted to benefit migration (larger wings and a shift
in relative mass from abdomen to thorax), but did not change color or induce flight
behavior. One hypothesis to explain these data is that a migratory form of O. asiaticus is
partially triggered by high field densities, but that existing ecological conditions blocked
full expression of such traits (and outbreak swarms). Alternatively, color variation in this
species may more tightly linked to other functions in this species such as crypsis or
disease resistance, and mechanisms other than late-juvenile rearing density (e.g. genetic
variation, maternal effects) may be more critical for promoting variation in color and/or
migratory polyphenism.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 926-936
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=4adfa2519121ff07e980cc71da66634a
Molecular cloning and temporal–spatial expression of I element in gregarious
and solitary locusts
W. Guo1, a, X.H. Wang1, a, D.J. Zhaoa, P.C. Yanga and L. Kang , a,
a
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
It has been reported that many genes and small RNAs are associated with densitydependent polyphenism in locusts. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying gene
transcription is still unknown. Here, by analysis of transcriptome database of the
migratory locust, we identified abundant transcripts of transposable elements, which are
mediators of genetic variation and gene transcriptional regulation, mainly including CR1,
I, L2 and RTE-BovB. We cloned one I element, which represents the most abundant
transcripts in all transposable elements, and investigated its developmental and tissuespecific expression in gregarious and solitary locusts. Although there are no significant
differences of I element expression in whole bodies between gregarious and solitary
locusts at various developmental stages, this I element exhibits high expression level and
differential expression pattern between gregarious and solitary locusts in central and
peripheral nervous tissues, such as brain, antenna and labial palps. These results suggest
that I element is potentially involved in the response of neural systems to social
environmental changes in locusts.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 943-948
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=29e02bfd6afce5f36141bf5e0fcabb7d
Geographic differences on accumulation of sugars and polyols in locust eggs in
response to cold acclimation
X.H. Wanga, X.L. Qia and L. Kang , a,
a
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
The accumulation of low molecular weight sugars and polyols is one of major
mechanisms hypothesized to increase cold tolerance in overwintering insects. But little is
known about whether these sugars and polyols are involved in geographic variation of
cold tolerance. In this study, we investigated accumulation patterns of eight low
molecular weight sugars and polyols of eggs in tropical and temperate populations of the
migratory locust, which exhibits between-population variation in cold tolerance, in
response to cold acclimation (5, 0 and −5 °C). Excluding erythritol, the other seven
carbohydrates were identified as possible cryoprotectants in locust eggs. Basal maximal
and minimal concentrations were 45 μg/g wet weight for trehalose and 0.59 μg/g wet
weight for glycerol. Most sugars and polyols were elevated after a −5 °C exposure. In a
tropical population, fructose, glucose, sorbitol and myo-inositol were significantly
accumulated by low temperature treatments, but glycerol was not. In the temperate
population, glycerol, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, myo-inositol were significantly
accumulated but trehalose did not increase. Our results suggest different accumulation
patterns of these carbohydrates of locust eggs between tropical and temperate
populations and highlighted possible roles for them in geographic variation of cold
tolerance in the migratory locust.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 966-970
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=b3def86b17976dc6763311a7ac15beea
Transcriptional regulation of the insulin signaling pathway genes by starvation
and 20-hydroxyecdysone in the Bombyx fat body
Yan Liua, Shun Zhoua, Li Maa, Ling Tiana, Sheng Wanga, Zhentao Shenga, Rong-Jing Jianga, William G.
,
Bendenab and Sheng Lia,
a
Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Evolution, Institute of Plant Physiology and
Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032,
China
b
Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont. K7L 3N6, Canada
Genetic studies in the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, have uncovered a conserved
insulin/insulin growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway that regulates nutrition-dependent
growth rates of insects. From the silkworm, Bombyx mori, we have identified and
characterized several key genes involved in the IIS pathway, including InR, IRS, PI3K110,
PI3K60, PTEN, PDK, and Akt. Tissue distribution analysis showed that most of these
genes were highly expressed in the fat body implying that the IIS pathway is functionally
important within insect adipose tissue. Developmental profile studies revealed that the
expression levels of InR, IRS, PI3K110, and PDK were elevated in the fat body during
molting and pupation, periods when animals ceased feeding and hemolymph levels of 20hydroxyecdysone (20E) were high. Starvation rapidly up-regulated the mRNA levels of
these same genes in the fat body, while 20E slowly induced their transcription. We
conclude that 20E slowly reduces food consumption and then indirectly induces a state of
starvation resulting in the elevation of the mRNA levels of InR, IRS, PI3K110, and PDK in
the Bombyx fat body during molting and pupation.
Journal of Insect Physiology Volume 56, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1436-1444
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=1ee18dcf1a58f904d6e00d5b1977b161
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
A new rod-shaped virus from parasitic wasp Diachasmimorpha longicaudata
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Li Luoa and Ling Zeng , a,
a
Laboratory of Insect Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District,
Guangzhou 510642, China
A new rod-shaped nucleocapsids (NCs) was found inadvertently in Diachasmimorpha
longicaudata accessory gland filaments (AGFs). The NCs were 30 nm in diameter and
nearly 900 nm in length. They replicated in a small cell type of the AGFs in D.
longicaudata, and following oviposition, invaded and proliferated in the hemocytes of a
parasitized host Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel. This finding of a completely new virus in the
AGF indicate that different geographical populations (subspecies) of D. longicaudata may
carry different sybionts. This is the first report showing that the same wasp species, but
from a different geographical populations, can carry an entirely different virus.
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 103, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 165-169
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00030078&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=586462&md5=15eea865ac90fe5456b0d4d409fa1c53
Expression and characterization of the chitinases from Serratia marcescens GEI
strain for the control of Varroa destructor, a honey bee parasite
Shuang Tua, b, Xuehong Qiub, Li Caob, Richou Hanb, , Yi Zhanga, b and Xuejiao Liuc, d
richou-han@163.net
a
College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
b
Guangdong Entomological Institute, 510260 Guangzhou, China
c
South China Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
d
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
Serratia marcescens GEI strain was isolated from the gut of the workers of Chinese
honey bee Apis cerana and evaluated in the laboratory for the control of Varroa
destructor, a parasite of western honey bee A. mellifera. The supernatant and the
collected proteins by ammonium sulfate from the bacterial cultures showed a strong
miticidal effect on the female mites, with 100% mite mortality in 5 days. Heat (100 °C
for 10 min) and proteinase K treatment of the collected proteins destroyed the miticidal
activity. The improved miticial activity of this bacterial strain on chitin medium indicated
the involvement of chitinases. The expressed chitinases ChiA, ChiB and ChiC1 from S.
marcescens GEI by recombinant Escherichia coli showed pathogenicity against the mites
in the laboratory. These chitinases were active in a broad pH range (5–9) and the
optimum temperatures were between 60 and 75 °C. Synergistic effects of ChiA and ChiB
on the miticidal activity against V. destructor were observed. The workers of both honey
bee species were not sensitive to the spraying and feeding chitinases. These results
provided alternative control strategies for Varroa mites, by formulating chitinase agents
and by constructing transgenetic honey bees.
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 104, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 75-82
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WJV-4YC81092&_user=10&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1
&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=967b7a1f1f12def83f7dff8fed4ea60b
Characterization of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Plutella
xylostella from China
Youjing Gonga, Chongli Wanga, Yihua Yanga, Shuwen Wua and Yidong Wu , a,
a
Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University,
Nanjing 210095, China
A field population (SZ) of Plutella xylostella, collected from the cabbage field in Shenzhen,
Guangdong Province of China in 2002, showed 2.3-fold resistance to Cry1Aa, 110-fold to
Cry1Ab, 30-fold to Cry1Ac, 2.1-fold to Cry1F, 5.3-fold to Cry2Aa and 6-fold resistance to
Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk) compared with a susceptible strain (ROTH). The
SZBT strain was derived from the SZ population through 20 generations of selection with
activated Cry1Ac in the laboratory. While the SZBT strain developed 1200-fold resistance
to Cry1Ac after selection, resistance to Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1F, and Btk increased to 31-,
1900-,>33- and 17-fold compared with the ROTH strain. However, little or no cross-
resistance was detected to Cry1B, Cry1C and Cry2Aa in the SZBT strain. Genetic cross
analyses between the SZBT and ROTH strains revealed that Cry1Ac-resistance in the
SZBT strain was controlled by a single, autosomal, incompletely recessive gene. Binding
studies with 125I-labeled Cry1Ac showed that the brush border membrane vesicles
(BBMVs) of midguts from the resistant SZBT insects had lost binding to Cry1Ac. Allelic
complementation tests demonstrated that the major Bt resistance locus in the SZBT
strain was same as that in the Cry1Ac-R strain which has “mode 1” resistance to Bt. An
F1 screen of 120 single-pair families between the SZBT strain and three field populations
collected in 2008 was carried out. Based on this approach, the estimated frequencies of
Cry1Ac-resistance alleles were 0.156 in the Yuxi population from Yunnan province, and
0.375 and 0.472 respectively in the Guangzhou and Huizhou populations from
Guangdong province.
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 104, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 90-96
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=59c043641818b4c6795aa8131710dd42
Differential fluctuation in virulence and VOC profiles among different cultures of
entomopathogenic fungi
Abid Hussain , a, , Ming-Yi Tiana, Yu-Rong Hea and Yan-Yuan Leia
a
Department of Entomology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural
University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
Insect-passaged cultures of entomopathogenic fungi grown on potato dextrose agar
media have been shown to have altered virulence and profiles of volatile compounds. The
present study demonstrated the pathogenic status of FS0 (in vitro) and FS1 and FS2
(insect-passaged cultures grown on PDA) cultures of Metarhizium anisopliae (strains 406
and 02049) and Beauveria bassiana by a non-choice assay, in which filter paper was
inoculated with fungal spores at a concentration of 1 × 107 spores/ml. The FS1 and FS2
cultures of M. anisopliae strain 02049 and B. bassiana produced conidia with high
virulence, and the volatile profiles of these conidia comprised relatively lower
percentages of branched-alkanes than conidia from the FS0 cultures. In contrast, the
conidia from an FS0 culture of M. anisopliae strain 406 had somewhat elevated virulence
levels, but their volatile profile had <2% branched-alkanes. The FS1 and FS2 cultures of
M. anisopliae strain 406 did not gain virulence, and these cultures showed a decline in
virulence along with major alteration of their volatile profiles. Their volatile profiles
mainly comprised branched-alkanes. The volatile profiles of the FS1 and FS2 cultures
lacked n-tetradecane, which was an important component of all the virulent cultures.
Four compounds, 2-phenylpropenal, 2,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexene, n-tetradecane and 2,6dimethylheptadecane, were detected only from the virulent cultures, suggesting that low
LT50 values were probably due to the production of these compounds. This is the first
report to characterize volatiles from FS 0, FS1 and FS2 cultures of entomopathogenic fungi;
its utility in different aspects opens an interesting area for further investigations.
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology Volume 104, Issue 3, July 2010, Pages 166-171
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&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=3262d801e71f8c68dab55785ab1117d1
The Journal of Neuroscience
The Amiloride-Sensitive Epithelial Na+ Channel PPK28 Is Essential for
Drosophila Gustatory Water Reception
Zijing Chen,1,2 Qingxiu Wang,1 and Zuoren Wang1 ZuorenWang@ion.ac.cn
1
Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Sciences and 2Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
Water sensation is a specific taste modality in the fruit fly. Water-induced hypoosmolarity
activates specific gustatory receptor neurons; however, the molecular identity of the
putative osmolarity sensor in these neurons remains unknown. We found that amiloride
and its analogs specifically antagonized the response of water gustatory receptor neurons
and the behavior of flies toward water stimulation. Deletion of the gene that encodes the
amiloride-sensitive PPK28 channel, a DEG/eNaC (degenerin/epithelial sodium channel)
family member, abolished the water-induced activity of water gustatory receptor neurons
and greatly diminished the behavioral response of flies to water. Ectopic expression of the
PPK28 channel in the bitter cells within the intermediate-type sensilla renders these
sensilla responsive to water stimuli. Thus, the amiloride-sensitive PPK28 channel may
serve as the osmolarity sensor for gustatory water reception in the fruit fly.
The Journal of Neuroscience, May 5, 2010, 30(18):6247-6252
http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/30/18/6247
Journal of Pest Science
Influence of five host plants of Aphis gossypii Glover on some population
parameters of Hippodamia variegata (Goeze)
Xiu-Hua Wu1, Xiao-Rong Zhou1 and Bao-Ping Pang1
pangbp@imau.edu.cn
College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010019 Hohhot, China
The aphidophagous ladybird beetle, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), is an important
predator in many agricultural ecosystems. However, information on the influence of the
prey’s host plant species on its life history characteristics is still absent in the literature.
Therefore, five host plant species of Aphis gossypii Glover, viz. Cucumis sativus L.,
Cucurbita pepo var. medullosa L., Cucurbita moschata var. melonaeformis Poiret,
Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis L. and Lagenaria siceraria var. gourda Standl., were
selected to study the influence of the prey’s host plant species on the development,
survival, reproduction and life table parameters of H. variegata in the laboratory at 25°C.
The results showed that all of A. gossypii from five host plant species used were
acceptable for the growth, development and reproduction of H. variegata. However, the
suitability of aphids from various host plants was different for this ladybird beetle. The
complete pre-imaginal development was longest (14.51 ± 0.17 days) when reared with
aphids on C. melo var. cantalupensis and shortest (12.60 ± 0.11 days) on L. siceraria var.
gourda. Total immature survival from egg to adult was highest (58.97%) on L. siceraria
var. gourda and lowest (44.06%) on C. melo var. cantalupensis. Based on the intrinsic
rate of increase as an index of suitability of prey host plant species on the population
increase of H. variegata, the suitability in decreasing order was: L. siceraria var.
gourda > C. moschata var. melonaeformis > C. pepo var. medullosa > C. melo var.
cantalupensis > C. sativus. This study offered opportunities for better understanding the
tritrophic interactions of the plant–aphid–predator relationship.
Journal of Pest Science Volume 83, Number 2 / May, 2010 77-83
http://www.springerlink.com/content/w2642118153r6184/
Phylogenetic analysis of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) populations
from cotton plants in Pakistan, China, and Egypt
Muhammad Z. Ahmed1
, Shun-Xiang Ren1, Nasser S. Mandour2, M. N. Maruthi3, Muhammad Naveed4
and Bao-Li Qiu1
baileyqiu@yahoo.com.cn
Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, 510640 Guangzhou, China
Department of Plant Protection, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
Plant, Animal and Human Health Group, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham
Maritime, Kent, UK
Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
Bemisia tabaci is a species complex, of which the B and Q biotypes are globally
distributed. B. tabaci feeds on more than 600 plant species including cotton, which is one
of the main crops in Pakistan. In this study, the biotypes/haplotypes of B. tabaci
populations collected from cotton plants in Pakistan, China, and Egypt were identified,
and their phylogenetic relationships were investigated. None of the populations from
Pakistan or Egypt belonged to the B or Q biotype: all 16 samples from Pakistan belonged
to haplotype “PCG-1” and it is a group of unresolved populations all from Pakistan, while
all three populations from Egypt belonged to unresolved haplotype “ECG.” The three
populations from China belonged to the B biotype. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that
the PCG-1, ECG, and B biotypes clustered into different clades even though they share
the same cotton plant species as their host. The association between the outbreaks of
cotton leaf curl disease and the occurrence of the PCG haplotype of B. tabaci in Pakistan
is discussed.
Journal of Pest Science Volume 83, Number 2 / May, 2010 135-141
http://www.springerlink.com/content/w53107t320321767/
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Hsc70 binds to ultraspiracle resulting in the upregulation of 20hydroxyecdsone-responsive genes in Helicoverpa armigera
Wei-Wei Zhenga, Dan-Tong Yanga, Jin-Xing Wanga, Qi-Sheng Songb, Lawrence I. Gilbertc and Xiao-Fan
,
Zhaoa,
a
School of Life Sciences, the Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation,
Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Road 27, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
b
Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
c
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
To probe the specific functions of the chaperone protein Hsc70 in 20-hydroxyecdysone
signaling, we report on the roles of the Hsc70 from Helicoverpa armigera. RT-PCR
analysis revealed that the genes for HaEcRB1 and HaUSP1 were upregulated in 5th
molting and metamorphic molting larvae, whereas HaHsc70 maintained a constitutive
expression level throughout larval development. Silencing HaEcRB1, HaUSP1 or HaHsc70
by RNAi inhibited the expression of a set of 20E-responsive genes. Immunocytochemical
assay demonstrated that HaHsc70 is located predominantly in the cytoplasm of
unstimulated cells and partially translocated to the nucleus after stimulation by 20E.
Knockdown of HaHsc70 by RNAi decreased the amount of both HaEcRB1 and HaUSP1 in
the nucleus. HaHsc70 was capable of binding to HaUSP1 in pull-down assays. These data
suggest that Hsc70 participates in the 20E signal transduction pathway via binding to
USP1 and mediating the expression of EcRB1, USP1 and then a set of 20E-responsive
genes.
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Volume 315, Issues 1-2, 5 February 2010, Pages
282-291
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on=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=586462&md5=c4484a0429228d0a497dc4c635c7cc22
Nature Biotechnology
Single base–resolution methylome of the silkworm reveals a sparse epigenomic map
Hui Xiang, Jingde Zhu, Quan Chen, Fangyin Dai, Xin Li, Muwang Li, Hongyu Zhang, Guojie Zhang, Dong Li, Yang Dong, Li Zhao, Ying Lin,
Daojun Cheng, Jian Yu, Jinfeng Sun,Xiaoyu Zhou, Kelong Ma, Yinghua He, Yangxing Zhao, Shicheng Guo, Mingzhi Ye, Guangwu Guo,
Yingrui Li, Ruiqiang Li, Xiuqing Zhang, Lijia Ma, Karsten Kristiansen, Qiuhong Guo, Jianhao Jiang, Stephan Beck, Qingyou Xia, Wen Wang
& Jun Wang
CAS-Max Planck Junior Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, The
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
Cancer Epigenetics and Gene Therapy Program, The State-key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute,
Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, College of Biotechnology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biol ogy,
Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China.
Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Shanghai, China.
UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
Epigenetic regulation in insects may have effects on diverse biological processes. Here we
survey the methylome of a model insect, the silkworm Bombyx mori, at single-base
resolution using Illumina high-throughput bisulfite sequencing (MethylC-Seq). We
conservatively estimate that 0.11% of genomic cytosines are methylcytosines, all of
which probably occur in CG dinucleotides. CG methylation is substantially enriched in
gene bodies and is positively correlated with gene expression levels, suggesting it has a
positive role in gene transcription. We find that transposable elements, promoters and
ribosomal DNAs are hypomethylated, but in contrast, genomic loci matching small RNAs
in gene bodies are densely methylated. This work contributes to our understanding of
epigenetics in insects, and in contrast to previous studies of the highly methylated
genomes of Arabidopsis1 and human2, demonstrates a strategy for sequencing the
epigenomes of organisms such as insects that have low levels of methylation.
Nature Biotechnology 28, 516–520 (2010)
http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v28/n5/abs/nbt.1626.html?lang=en#/
Naturwissenschaften
Form and nature of precopulatory sexual selection in both sexes of a moth
Jin Xu1 and Qiao Wang1
Q.Wang@massey.ac.nz
Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Sexual selection is a process that operates through intrasexual competition and
intersexual choice for reproduction in both sexes. Here, we report our work on a
polygamous moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), aiming to infer the
form and nature of precopulatory sexual selection in males and females. We show that,
although a number of traits measured in each sex are correlated with mating success,
the primary selection trait in females appears to be abdominal thickness and that in
males is aedeagus length. As the female’s abdominal thickness is a reliable signal about
the number and developmental stage of eggs, males who select females with thicker
abdomens for mating will gain reproductive benefit, i.e., fertilizing more mature eggs.
For females, earlier maturation of their eggs makes the females more likely to achieve
mating earlier in an uncertain world where there is no guarantee that they will find more
males in the future. Sexual selection appears to be the important force behind the
evolution of fast egg maturation in females. We show that, under a male-biased sex ratio,
more than 20% of mating fails within a few minutes after the aedeagus has penetrated
into the female’s genitalia, suggesting that females can assess the features of the male
aedeagus before allowing insemination to occur. Dissection and examination of both
sexes suggest that a longer aedeagus enhances mating and fertilization efficiency in this
species, supporting the notion that sexual selection is a primary force in the evolution of
genital variance.
Naturwissenschaften Volume 97, Number 7 / July, 2010 617-625
http://www.springerlink.com/content/h2562wg303505k83/
Physiological Entomology
Post-ingestive effect of plant phenolics on the feeding behaviour of the
honeybee Apis cerana
YULAN LIU 1,2 and FANGLIN LIU 1 flliu@xtbg.ac.cn
1
Key Laboratory of Tropical Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Kunming, China and 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
As the staple food of honey bees, honey is rich in plant phenolics derived from pollen,
nectar and resin. Most studies concentrate on the temporary response of bees' peripheral
chemoreceptors to these chemicals, and the post-ingestive effects of plant phenolics are
largely ignored. In the present study, a series of feeding experiments are conducted to
test whether plant phenolics modulate the response thresholds and rhythmic behaviour
of the honeybee Apis cerana (Ruttner). The results of the study demonstrate that bees
fed with syrup containing high concentrations of phenlics reduce their response
thresholds greatly, and shift their feeding rhythms significantly. Because the forager
response thresholds determine their foraging choice, and their rhythmic behaviour is
required for timing visits to flowers, enhanced plant phenolics as a result of global
environment change may change the bees' pollination service in our changing world.
Physiological Entomology Volume 35 Issue 2, Pages 175 – 178 11 Jan 2010
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123237116/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
PNAS
Functional feedback from mushroom bodies to antennal lobes in the Drosophila
olfactory pathway
Aiqun Hua,1, Wei Zhanga,b,1, and Zuoren Wanga,2zuorenwang@ion.ac.cn
a
Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Sciences, and
b
Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031,
China
Feedback plays important roles in sensory processing. Mushroom bodies are believed to
be involved in olfactory learning/memory and multisensory integration in insects.
Previous cobalt-labeling studies have suggested the existence of feedback from the
mushroom bodies to the antennal lobes in the honey bee. In this study, the existence of
functional feedback from Drosophila mushroom bodies to the antennal lobes was
investigated through ectopic expression of the ATP receptor P2X 2 in the Kenyon cells of
mushroom bodies. Activation of Kenyon cells induced depolarization in projection neurons
and local interneurons in the antennal lobes in a nicotinic receptor-dependent manner.
Activation of Kenyon cell axons in the βγ-lobes in the mushroom body induced more
potent responses in the antennal lobe neurons than activation of Kenyon cell somata. Our
results indicate that functional feedback from Kenyon cells to projection neurons and
local interneurons is present in Drosophila and is likely mediated by the βγ-lobes. The
presence of this functional feedback from the mushroom bodies to the antennal lobes
suggests top-down modulation of olfactory information processing in Drosophila.
PNAS June 1, 2010 vol. 107 no. 22 10262-10267
http://www.pnas.org/content/107/22/10262.abstract?etoc
Adverse interactions between micro-RNAs and target genes from different
species
Tian Tanga,b,1, Supriya Kumarb,1, Yang Shena,b, Jian Lub, Mao-Lien Wub, Suhua Shia, Wen-Hsiung Lib,c,2,
and Chung-I Wua,b,d,2cw16@uchicago.edu or wli@uchicago.edu
a
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
510275, China;
b
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
c
Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; and
d
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing
Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300, China
It is commonly assumed but not proven that microRNAs (miRNAs) and their targets
coevolve. Under this assumption, miRNAs and targets from different species may interact
adversely, resulting in reduced fitness. However, the strength of the adverse interactions
may not be detectable because even outright deletions of miRNAs often manifest only
subtle fitness effects. We tested and measured the strength of heterospecific interactions
by carrying out transgenic experiments across Drosophila species by overexpressing the
miR310s cluster of Drosophila melanogaster (Dm310s) and Drosophila pseudoobscura
(Dp310s) in D. melanogaster. Flies overexpressing the heterospecific Dp310s are only
one-third as viable as those overexpressing the conspecific Dm310s. The viability effect
is easily detectable in comparison to the effect of the deletion of miR310s. The number of
genes significantly misexpressed under the influence of Dp310s is 3–10 times greater
than under Dm310s. Importantly, the numbers of predicted targets are similar between
them. Expression analysis of the predicted target genes suggests that miRNAs may
sometimes function to buffer fluctuations in the transcriptome output. After the buffering
function has evolved, heterospecific combinations may cause adverse effects.
PNAS July 20, 2010 vol. 107 no. 29 12935-12940
http://www.pnas.org/content/107/29/12935.abstract
Repression of tyrosine hydroxylase is responsible for the sex-linked chocolate
mutation of the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Chun Liua, Kimiko Yamamotob, Ting-Cai Chengc, Keiko Kadono-Okudab, Junko Narukawab, Shi-Ping Liua,
Yu Hana, Ryo Futahashid, Kurako Kidokorob, Hiroaki Nodab, Isao Kobayashib, Toshiki Tamurab, Akio
Ohnumae, Yutaka Bannof, Fang-Ying Daia, Zhong-Huai Xianga, Marian R. Goldsmithg, Kazuei Mitab,1,
and Qing-You Xiaa,c,1 xiaqy@swu.edu.cn or kmita@nias.affrc.go.jp
a
Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology,
Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
b
National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan;
c
Institute of Agronomy and Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
d
Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan;
e
Institute of Sericulture, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0324, Japan;
f
Institute of Genetic Resources, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Science, Kyushu
University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan; and
g
Biological Sciences Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881
Pigmentation patterning has long interested biologists, integrating topics in ecology,
development, genetics, and physiology. Wild-type neonatal larvae of the silkworm,
Bombyx mori, are completely black. By contrast, the epidermis and head of larvae of the
homozygous recessive sex-linked chocolate (sch) mutant are reddish brown. When
incubated at 30 °C, mutants with the sch allele fail to hatch; moreover, homozygous
mutants carrying the allele sch lethal (schl) do not hatch even at room temperature
(25 °C). By positional cloning, we narrowed a region containing sch to 239,622 bp on
chromosome 1 using 4,501 backcross (BC1) individuals. Based on expression analyses,
the best sch candidate gene was shown to be tyrosine hydroxylase (BmTh). BmTh coding
sequences were identical among sch, schl, and wild-type. However, in sch the ∼70-kb
sequence was replaced with ∼4.6 kb of a Tc1-mariner type transposon located ∼6 kb
upstream of BmTh, and in schl, a large fragment of an L1Bm retrotransposon was
inserted just in front of the transcription start site of BmTh. In both cases, we observed a
drastic reduction of BmTh expression. Use of RNAi with BmTh prevented pigmentation
and hatching, and feeding of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor also suppressed larval
pigmentation in the wild-type strain, pnd+ and in a pS (black-striped) heterozygote.
Feeding L-dopa to sch neonate larvae rescued the mutant phenotype from chocolate to
black. Our results indicate the BmTh gene is responsible for the sch mutation, which
plays an important role in melanin synthesis producing neonatal larval color.
PNAS July 20, 2010 vol. 107 no. 29 12980-12985
http://www.pnas.org/content/107/29/12980.abstract
Systematic Entomology
A review of the morphologically diverse leafhopper subfamily Stegelytrinae
(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with description of new taxa
CONG WEI 1,2 , MICHAEL D. WEBB 2 and YALIN ZHANG 1 m.webb@nhm.ac.uk
1
Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education,
Entomological Museum, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China and
Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K.
2
The morphologically diverse leafhopper subfamily Stegelytrinae is reviewed and its
biology and biogeography are discussed as well as its classification, monophyly and
relationship to Deltocephalinae s.l. In addition, the first stegelytrine is recorded east of
Wallace's and Weber's lines, extending the distribution of the subfamily outside the
Oriental and Palaearctic regions. A checklist and key to the genera of the subfamily are
given. The following new genera and species are described: Honguchia rubrofascia Wei &
Webb, gen.n & sp.n. from Sabah; H. superba Wei & Webb, sp.n. from Sumatra;
Yaontogonia flavopicta Wei & Webb, gen.n & sp.n. from Brunei and Sabah; Y.
darjeelingensis Wei & Webb, sp. n. from West Bengal; Sychentia breviata Wei & Webb,
gen.n & sp.n. from Malaysia; Louangana stellata Wei & Webb, gen.n & sp.n. from Laos;
Shangonia sarawakensis Wei & Webb, gen.n & sp.n. from Sarawak; Quiontugia
fuscomaculata Wei & Zhang, gen.n. & sp.n. from Hainan; and Neophansia wallacei Wei
& Webb, gen.n & sp.n. from New Guinea.
Systematic Entomology 2010 Volume 35 Issue 1, Pages 19 - 58
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123228806/abstract
Science
Mirid Bug Outbreaks in Multiple Crops Correlated with Wide-Scale Adoption of
Bt Cotton in China
Yanhui Lu,1 Kongming Wu,1,* Yuying Jiang,2 Bing Xia,2 Ping Li,2 Hongqiang Feng,1 Kris A. G.
Wyckhuys,1, Yuyuan Guo1 kmwu@ippcaas.cn
1
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 P.R. China.
2
National Agro-Technical Extension and Service Center, Beijing, 100026 P.R. China.
Long-term ecological effects of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops on non-target
pests have received limited attention, more so in diverse smallholder-based cropping
systems of the developing world. Field trials conducted over 10 years in northern China
show that mirid bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) have progressively increased population
levels and acquired pest status in cotton and multiple other crops, in association with a
regional increase in Bt cotton adoption. More specifically, our analyses show that Bt
cotton has become a source of mirid bugs and that their population increases are related
to drops in insecticide use in this crop. Hence, alterations of pest management regimes in
Bt cotton could be responsible for the appearance and subsequent spread of non-target
pests at an agro-landscape level.
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1187881
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/science.1187881
Edited by Xin-Cheng Zhao
2010-08-15