Study Guide: Chapter 5 – Minerals TP
Fill in the Blanks using the following terms from the chapter: adamantine, cleavage,
conchoidal fracture, fracture, pearly, splinter, vitreous
A(n) _________________________ luster looks like shiny glass.
Obsidian will break in a shell-like pattern, called _________________________.
_________________________ is the tendency to break along flat surfaces.
If a mineral breaks in random directions, it exhibits _________________________.
Diamonds have a(n) _________________________ luster.
Circle or Underline the correct answer
Which mineral is commonly referred to as fool’s gold? – galena, mica, or pyrite
What is the softest mineral? – gypsum, sulfur, or talc
What is the most common class of minerals found on the earth’s crust? – carbonates,
oxides, or sulfides
What is the common name of halite? – rock salt, table salt, rock gypsum, or salt peter
What is the streak color of a non-metallic mineral? – black, colorless, red, or brown
Amethyst has a purple color. What impurity produces this purple quartz? – aluminum,
iron, or titanium
What type of mineral consists of a metal element bonded to oxygen? – carbonate, oxide,
or sulfide
A mineral’s hardness is ranked using the __________ scale. – Hutton, Mohs, or Motze
Which class of minerals reacts positively to the acid test? – carbonates, oxides or sulfides
Which rock type is formed from carbonate minerals? – basalt, granite, or limestone
What is the most common sulfide mineral is a combination of sulfur and __________. –
calcium
iron
oxygen
titanium
What is the range of values for the hardness scale of minerals?
0-10
1-10
0-20
1-20
What type of breakage pattern is typical of oxides and sulfides?
Cleavage
fracture
conchoidal fracture
splinter
The color of a mineral’s powder is called its __________. – streak, stripe, or style
What is the unique color of sulfur? – blue, green, white, or yellow
Which mineral is radioactive?
Iceland spar
uranium
willemite
What material is used to make a streak plate?
native limestone
polished marble
unglazed tile wall board
Connect the mineral or description with its special property.
double refraction
muscovite mica
fluorescence
Iceland spar
magnetism
glow under UV light
phosphorescence
lodestone
radioactivity
halite
taste
glow after UV light is removed
perfect cleavage
give off subatomic particles
Is the statement True or False?
T or F Granite consists mainly of silicate minerals.
T or F Specific gravity compares the density of an object to the average density of air.
T or F Quartz will scratch all other minerals.
T or F Oxygen bubbles are given off when acid is applied to calcite.
T or F Feldspar has two good cleavage surfaces at right angles.
T or F All minerals are more dense than water.
Why is color the least accurate method of identifying minerals? There are at least 3
reasons.
What are the two main categories of luster?
How are minerals formed? There are 3 processes.
What does a positive acid test look like?
Lab Question: Explain the lab procedure for field testing the hardness of minerals.
Be prepared to visually identify 5 common minerals that you worked with in lab.
Amethyst, azurite, calcite, copper, galena, halite, magnetite, malachite, pyrite, quartz,
sulfur, and ulexite