Advantages and Disadvantages of Sexual
Reproduction producing Gametes by Meiosis and
Asexual Reproduction by the Process of Mitosis
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
Reproduction and development are necessary for the continuation of any species.
Asexual reproduction is a method of reproduction with all the genetic information
coming from one parent.
Some Methods of Asexual Reproduction in which all
daughter cells are genetically identical
1. Cell Division -- involves
an equal division of both the
organism cytoplasm and
nucleus to form two identical
organisms
-- the diagram of the protist at
the right is example of this
2. budding -- involves one
parent dividing its nucleus
(genetic material) equally, but
cytoplasm unequally
-- the diagram of a yeast at
the right is an example of this
3. sporulation (spore
formation) -- is reproduction
involving specialized single
cells coming from one parent
-- the diagram of mold spores
being formed at the right is an
example of this
ADVANTAGES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION BY
MITOSIS
1. Overall asexual reproduction is faster and _______________
than sexual reproduction, because another partner is not needed,
and doesn't have to be found.
2. ____________ process
3. ___________ parent involved
4. No waste of energy to find ___________. Pollen grains in plants
and animals do have to travel to find a mate.
5. Large _______________ can be produced.
6. Asexual reproduction is more reliable than sexual, because there
are fewer ______________ to follow and therefore less can go
wrong,
DISADVANTAGES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION BY
MITOSIS
1. Produces clones (everyone is exactly the ______________)
2. In an ______________________ that changes there is no way to
deal with changes. Every organism has the same
____________________ material. An example is if a disease was
introduced in the environment of an organism that reproduces
asexually than all the organisms would be affected the same
_________________.
Sexual Reproduction BY MEIOSIS – This is when a/an
_________and______________ unite to produce a zygote. A
zygote is the union of the egg and sperm producing a diploid
number of chromosomes (_____________ in humans). The main
reproductive event is _______________ which is the production of
a gamete.
ADVANTAGES
1. An advantage of sexual reproduction is genetic variation (every
organism is genetically _______________). With genetic
variation an organism has a higher chance of adapting and
evolving with a changing ____________________. This leads to a
strengthening of the species by natural selection as
__________________ variations in the genetic makeup get passed
on to off spring while organisms that have unfavorable genetic
variations will not _______________.
Example – During past flu epidemics some humans did not get the
flu or had mild cases.) Humans can adapt to all kinds of
________________________ conditions.
2. Care of eggs or ____________________.
DISADVANTAGES
1. _______________ kinds of gametes required. Example – male
sperm and female egg
2. Gametes must be brought ____________________.
3. Usually deals with large number of gametes under relatively
iffy" conditions.
Examples Human egg production vs. Fish egg production:
In humans infertility (having problems producing a fertilized
__________ called a zygote) can be a problem.
In fish producing large amounts of gametes can be a problem as
________________________ and other limiting factors can
affect the survival of zygotes and offspring.
4. Can produce offspring with _____________________ disorders
like color blindness, Down syndrome, and sickle cell anemia.