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1. Distinguish between indirect and direct water uses. Give an example of each.
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2. Why is water purification necessary?
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3. How do charcoal adsorption and gravel/sand filtration differ in terms of what they remove from water?
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4. Identify the three largest storage reservoirs for Earth’s water supply.
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5. Find out what grey water is and give a definition. Then tell why some communities use a certain amount of
grey water to meet their water supply needs?
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6. Name two ways that a family can most effectively conserve water.
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7. Why are the issues of water conservation and water purification important to the discussion of the Riverwood
fish kill crisis?
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8. On the back of this paper draw a model of a solution in which water (H 2O) is the solvent and carbon dioxide gas
(CO2) is the solute.
9. Classify each of the following as an element or a compound.
a. NaCl ___________________________
b. C ___________________________________
c.
CO ___________________________
d. KNO3 _______________________________
10. On the back of this paper draw a model of a molecular compound made up of 2 atoms of B and 2 atoms of E.
11. Complete the following table by naming the elements present and the number of each type of atom.
Compound
Element Names
Number of Atoms of Each Element
CO2
CaCl2
Al2S3
NH4NO3
12. Write a chemical equation that represents the following word equation:
One molecule of nitrogen (N2) reacts with 3 molecules of hydrogen (H 2) to form 2 molecules of ammonia (NH3).
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13. Differentiate between protons and electrons in terms of their relative charges.
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14. Decide whether each of the following atoms is electrically neutral.
Element
Protons
Electrons
Neutral?
Gold
79
76
Helium
2
2
Fluorine
9
10
15. Classify the following as anions, cations, or electrically neutral atoms.
a. K+ _____________
b. Ag _____________ c. N3- _____________ d. Ba2+ ___________
16. Write the symbol and show the electrical charge (if any) on the following atoms or ions:
a. helium with one proton and one electron _____________
b. lithium with three protons and two electrons _____________
c.
fluorine with nine protons and ten electrons _____________
17. Complete the following table by writing the name and formula for the compound formed from the following ions.
Cation Anion
Formula
Name
Mg2+
O2Al3+
Cl-
Mg2+
NO3-
NH4+
CO32-
C.1 Supplement: Solubility and Solubility Curves
Using the solubility curves found in Figure 1.33 (page 45 of your textbook), solve the following problems.
1.
What is the solubility of potassium nitrate (KNO3) in 100.0 g of water at 80.0 °C? _____________
2.
What is the solubility of potassium chloride (KCl) in 100.0 g of water at 50.0 °C? _____________
3.
What is the solubility of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 100.0 g of water at 90.0 °C? _____________
4.
What is the minimum temperature needed to dissolve 180.0 g of KNO3 in 100.0 g of water? _____________
5.
What is the minimum temperature needed to dissolve 35.0 g of KCl in 100.0 g of water? _____________
6.
At what temperature do KCl and KNO3 have the same solubility? _____________
7.
How much more KCl will dissolve at 90.0 °C than at 20.0 °C? _____________
8.
If 50.0 g of NaCl is mixed with 100.0 g of water at 80.0 °C, how much will not dissolve? _____________
9.
If 15.0 g of KCl is added to 100.0 g of water at 30.0 °C, how much more must be added to saturate the
solution? _____________
10. Classify as saturated or unsaturated a solution that contains 90.0 g of KNO 3 in 100.0 g of water at 60.0 °C.
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11. Classify as saturated or unsaturated a solution that contains 50.0 g of KCl in 100.0 g of water at 70.0 °C.
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