Fall Final Review
Topics Covered:
Scientific Method
Matter
Measurement
Lab Safety / Equipment
Atomic Theory
Atomic Structure
Periodic Table / Periodic Properties
EMS
Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration
Ionic Bonding
Naming Compounds (nomenclature)
Acids and Bases
Scientific Method:
Define:
Theory:
Law:
Independent/manipulated Variable:
Control
Dependant / responding Variable:
What are the steps of the scientific method?
Matter and Measurement
Define
Matter:
Homogeneous:
Compound:
Chemical Change:
Physical Change:
Condensation:
Mixture:
Heterogeneous:
Chemical Property:
Physical Property:
Distillation:
Evaporation:
Sublimation:
List the states of matter and the characteristics of each state.
What is the difference between a substance and a mixture?
1.Which of these are composed of two or more different substances that are
chemically combined in a definite ratio?
A Compounds
B Mixtures
C Element
D Solutions
2.What is the mass of a 500.00 mL sample of seawater with a density of 1.025
g/mL?
3.This pipette is filled with a 20% NaOH solution. The
solution has a density of 1.23 g/mL. According to this
information, what is the mass of this NaOH?
solution?
4.What is the density of a block of wood with a mass of 350g and a volume of
185cm3?
5. Which of the following will allow measurement of a liquid’s volume with the
greatest precision?
A 50 mL cylinder graduated in 1 mL increments
B 100 mL cylinder graduated in 0.5 mL increments
C 100 mL cylinder graduated in 1 mL increments
D 200 mL cylinder graduated in 5 mL increments
6.What volume should be reported for the solution in this
graduated cylinder?
How many significant figures in the measurement?
Which one is the estimated digit?
Write the measurement in scientific notation.
PRECISION AND ACCURACY
Accuracy:
Precision:
1) For which compound are the measurements accurate but not precise?
2) For which compound are the measurements precise but not accurate?
3) For which compound are the measurements both accurate and precise?
4) For which compound are the measurements neither precise nor accurate
1. Convert each of the following into scientific notation.
172000
__________ 0.000984
2. Convert each into decimal form.
___________200.0 x 102
__________
1.56 x 104 ______________ 3.6 x 10-2 _______________
736.9 x 105 _____________ 0.0059 x 105 ____________ 3. Calculate the
following. Give the answer in correct scientific notation.
a) 2.34 x 1065
b) 313.0
66
+ 9.2 x 10
- 1.2 x 103
4. Calculate the following. Give the answer in correct scientific notation.
a) 8.95 x 1076/ 1.25 x 1056
b) (4.5 x 1029)(2.45 x 10100)
5. Give the number of significant figures in each of the following.
a) 1.05 g ______ b) 0.0003040 mm ______
6. Round each of the following to 3 significant figures.
77.0653 _________ 6,300,178.2 ______________ 0.00023350 _________
Metric Conversion Practice
4 m = _____mm
49 cm = _____m
16 kg = _____g
97 cm = _____mm
437 mg = _____g
25 l = _____ml
Atomic Theory:
Describe the contribution/models of the following scientists:
Dalton
Bohr
Rutherford
Thomson
Atomic Structure:
Define:
Proton
neutron
nucleus
mass number
atomic mass unit
isotope
Heisenberg
electron
atom
atomic number
atomic mass
label the following structure:
Identify the elements represented below:
_____________
_____________ _______________ ____________________
Atomic Weight
Periodic Table / Periodic Properties:
Define:
Period
Group
Metal
Non-metal Metalloid
Halogen
Noble gas transition metals
representative elements
Group A
Group B
The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing ______________
Electrons:
What are valence electrons? Why are they important?
What is the octet rule? What does it have to do with the noble gases?
What happens to the amount of energy in an electron as it moves closer to the
nucleus?
Period Principle
energy
levels
1
2
3
4
Energy
sublevels
orbitals
How many electrons can each orbital hold?
S = ____max
p = ____max
d = _____max
Ionic Bonding:
What are 3 properties of ionic compounds?
Define:
Ion
cation
anion
polyatomic ion
Ternary ionic compound
What is an ionic bond?
Why do atoms form ions?
f = ______max
binary ionic compound
What types of ions do the following elements form?
Cation or Anion Oxidation state (charge) examples
Group 1
Group2
Group3
Group 14
Group 15
Group 16
Group 17
Transition
varies
metals
How are ionic compounds named? Describe the rules and give 3 examples of
ionic compounds and their names.
What is a formula unit?
How do you balance charges in an ionic compound? (explain the criss-cross
method)
What is the overall charge of an ionic compound?
Covalent Bonding:
What types of atoms are involved in covalent bonds?
What is the difference between a covalent bond and an ionic bond?
How are covalent compounds named?
What is another name for a covalent compound?
Write the formulas for the following covalent compounds:
1)antimony tribromide ________________2)hexaboron silicide _________________
3)chlorine dioxide ________________
4)hydrogen iodide ________________
5)iodine pentafluoride ______________
6)dinitrogen trioxide _______________
7)ammonia ________________
8)phosphorus triodide _____________
Write the names for the following covalent compounds:
9)P4S5 _____________________
10)O2 ______________________
11)SeF6 ____________________
12)Si2Br6 ___________________
13)SCl4 ____________________
14)CH4 _____________________
15)B2Si ____________________
16)NF3 ____________________
Naming Compounds (nomenclature):
How do you determine weather a compound is an ionic compound, covalent
compound or a polyatomic compound?
What rules do you use to name all three?
Name the following chemical compounds: (identify them as covalent, ionic , or
polyatomic)
1)
NaBr ______________________________________________
2)
Ca(C2H3O2)2 ______________________________________________
3)
P2O5 ______________________________________________
4)
Ti(SO4)2 ______________________________________________
5)
FePO4 ______________________________________________
6)
K3N ______________________________________________
7)
SO2 ______________________________________________
8)
CuOH ______________________________________________
9)
Zn(NO2)2 ______________________________________________
10)
V2S3 ______________________________________________
Write the formulas for the following chemical compounds: (identify them as
covalent, ionic , or polyatomic)
11)
silicon dioxide ______________________________________________
12)
nickel (III) sulfide _____________________________________________
13)
manganese (II) phosphate _____________________________________
14)
silver acetate ______________________________________________
15)
diboron tetrabromide __________________________________________
16)
magnesium sulfate heptahydrate ________________________________
17)
potassium carbonate _______________
18)
ammonium oxide ________________
19)
tin (IV) selenide ________________
20)
carbon tetrachloride _______________