Name ________________________ Date ______________ Period _______ # _____
Advanced Biology
Semester 1 Exam Review
1. Be able to construct a graph with data from an experiment. The elements for a proper
graph include an appropriate title, labeled axes, appropriate scales, correctly plotted
points, and a key if needed. (See labs.)
2. Be able to identify the steps to the scientific method. Know the features of a welldesigned, controlled experiment. Be able to identify the control group, experimental
group, independent (manipulated) variable, dependent (responding) variable, and the
controlled variables of an experiment. (Ch. 1 Quiz & Study Guide)
3. Formulate a conclusion from experimental data (use a graph or data table) to support or
reject an experiment’s hypothesis. (See labs.)
4. What are the seven characteristics that all living things share? (Remember the sewer
lice.)
5. Know which organisms in the 6 kingdom classification are prokaryotic and which are
eukaryotic. (Ch. 1) What does it mean to have prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells? (Ch.
4-5)
6. Give the monomer units for the following organic compounds: proteins, lipids,
carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. (Ch. 3 Biochemistry- Molecules of Life Concept Map)
7. What elements on the periodic table are important to living things? (science journal)
8. Compare and contrast DNA to RNA. (Ch. 3 C Map)
9.
What type of protein is responsible for speeding up the rate at which a chemical
reaction occurs? (Enzyme Activity)
10.
What types of changes can occur in the human body that could denature/destroy
enzymes? (Enzyme Activity & Enzyme Lab)
11.
List the properties of water that make it so important to living things. (science
journal)
12.Compare and contrast the structural differences between plant and animal eukaryotic
cells. Remember the Venn diagram you constructed in the cell city assessment #3 b. (Ch.
4-5)
13. What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution? (Ch. 5)
14. What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution? (Ch. 5)
15. What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in an isotonic solution? (Ch. 5)
Name ________________________ Date ______________ Period _______ # _____
16. Compare and contrast osmosis and diffusion. (Hint: For the comparison, discuss the
type of transport- active or passive.) (Ch. 5)
17. Be able to identify and give the function of the following cell structures/organelles:
ribosome, cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplast, centrioles, mitochondria, cytoplasm,
RER, SER, and Golgi apparatus. (Ch. 4)
18. Know what is needed for photosynthesis and cellular respiration to occur. What are
the products of each of these processes? How do they depend on one another? (Ch. 6-7)
19. Know the major differences between mitosis and meiosis. You should also be able to
identify the stages of each. (Ch. 8)
20. Be familiar with the following genetics vocabulary: genotype, phenotype, hybrid,
pure bred, heredity, Punnett square, allele, gene, dominant, recessive, trait, clone, and
human genome project. (Ch. 9)
21. Be able to construct and analyze a Punnett square with specific information. (Sponge
Bob genetics or Punnett Square problems)
Two parents who are both heterozygous dominant for eye color want to know the
probability of having a blue-eyed child. B is brown and b is blue. Make a Punnett
Square that shows the probability. What is the probability of having a brown eyed child?
What is the probability of having a blue eyed child? (4 points)
The probability of having a
brown-eyed child is _______%
and the probability of having a
blue-eyed child is ________%.
22. Be able to understand a pedigree and answer questions relating to the information
included in it.
Sickle cell Disease
Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited disorders in which deoxygenated red
blood cells become distorted and take on a shape like a sickle. There are two common
alleles for this gene. One causes normally shaped red blood cells and the other allele
causes the red blood cells to have a sickle shape. The sickle-shaped cells can lodge in the
smallest blood vessels and reduce the circulation of blood to tissues.
The sickle cell allele is most common in areas where the disease malaria is a
significant problem, and among people whose ancestors are from those areas. Evidence
shows that having just one sickle cell allele makes a person resistant to malaria.
This genetic condition is a recessive trait. When an individual has only one allele
for the sickle cell trait, the person is a carrier.
The pedigree below represents a family in which some members have the sickle
cell allele.
Name ________________________ Date ______________ Period _______ # _____
In the genetic pedigree, person U (heterozygous) and her husband (heterozygous) are
considering having another child. Use A to represent the allele for normal red blood cells
and S to represent the allele for sickle cell disease. What is the percent chance that this
child will develop sickle cell disease? (Remember that AA is normal, AS is a carrier of
sickle cell but does not have it, and SS has sickle cell disease.)
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
23. Determine the macromolecules of an unknown food substance, which yielded the
following results. The possible answer choices include lipid, protein, simple sugar
(monosaccharide), or starch (polysaccharide). (2 points)
Chemical Test
Result
Biuret’s solution (cobalt blue solution)
No reaction
Benedict’s solution (light blue solution)
Turned dark orange
Iodine (dark orange solution)
Turned blue-black color
Brown Paper Bag
Did not leave a greasy spot
The unknown food substance contained __________________________ and
_________________________.
24. If you are stranded on a deserted island, why is it important NOT to drink seawater
even if it is the only water source available to you?
Name ________________________ Date ______________ Period _______ # _____
25. Explain how organisms that perform either photosynthesis or cellular respiration
depend on one another.
26. Give one compelling reasons (for or against) the use of induced pluripotent stem cells
in the United States.
27. Carefully explain how cancer occurs. In your explanation, describe how and when it
becomes so deadly.