GENETICS UNIT Part 2:Test Review
Test: Thurs, Jan 29, 2015
1. DNA:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
12. 1 and 12.2
Know what DNA is, where it is found, and characteristics of it
Know the 3 specific parts that make up a nucleotide of DNA
Know how the supercoiled structure of DNA contains nucleosomes and histone proteins.
Know why DNA replicates, what DNA replication is, and where it takes place.
Know about the 3 enzymes responsible.
2. RNA:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
12.3
Know the 3 types of RNA, where each is found in a cell, and how each type is unique
Know 2 ways RNA is different from DNA.
Know the 3 specific parts that make up a nucleotide of RNA
Know the role that each type of RNA plays in transcription and translation
Be able to use your codon/amino acid chart.
Be able to change a piece of DNA into mRNA, and then be able to change the mRNA into a protein
(also known as the “central dogma” of biology!!)
3. Gene Mutations: 12.4
a. Know the 4 types of mutations that can occur to DNA: substitution, deletion, insertion, duplication.
b. Know the difference between a point mutation (substitution) and a frameshift mutation
(deletion/insertion)
c. Know the difference between a missense and nonsense mutation.
d. Be able to show each of the 3 types of mutations happening to a piece of DNA
e. Be able to show how each of the 3 types of mutations might ultimately affect the amino acid
sequence
4. Know what each of the following scientists did in the field of genetics:
a. Mendel
b. Chargaff
c. Watson & Crick
d. Franklin
5. Define each of the following terms and know what is SIMILAR and DIFFERENT between each pair:
a. Point Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
b. DNA
RNA
c.
Transcription
Translation
d.
Codon
Anti-codon
e.
mRNA
tRNA
f.
nucleus
ribosome
g.
introns
exons
h.
polymerase
helicase
i.
purine
pyrimidines
j.
leading strand
lagging strand
rRNA
ligase
**Look at the I CAN statements on the back of your gold calendar!!!