Colony
Plymouth,
Mass.
Founded Region
1620
Founder
New
William Bradford/pilgrims
England
1630
Massachusetts
Bay
Religion
Government Original Purpose Economics
Puritan
Corporate
Puritan
Corporate
New
John Winthrop
England
Religious freedom
for
Separatists(Called Mixed
Pilgrims &
farming
Strangers)
Mixed
farming,
Religious freedom
fishing,
for Puritans
shipbuilding
1636
Connecticut
New
Thomas Hooker
England
Rhode Island 1636
& Providence
Plantations
New
Roger Williams
England
Puritan
Corporate
None
Corporate
1630
New
Hampshire
Corporate,
then royal
New
John Mason
England
New England Colonies:

Long winters

Thin rocky soil

Subsistence farming

Small farms small
Puritan



Triangular Trade
Routes (Middle
Passage)
Fishing
Whaling
Notes
Mayflower Compact.
18,000 settlers by
1642 – Representative
Gov’t through election
to General Court
Great Migration
15,000 Puritans to
Mass.
Religious and
Mixed
economic
freedom/expansion farming
of trade
Leaders of
Massachusetts asked
Hooker and followers
to leave. Fundamental
Orders of Connecticut

any man
owning
property can
vote

limited
power of
Governor
Mixed
Religious
farming
freedom/toleration
Williams set up most
tolerant colony/
diverse population
Escape for those
constricted by
religious and
economic rules
1st place in
America where
people can
worship freely
Mixed
farming/profit
from trade &
Puritan harshness led
fishing
these settlers north and
inland.


businesses
1626
New York
Middle
Peter Minuit-Dutch
Royal charter from King to
brother, Duke of York
None
Shipbuilding
lumber
Proprietary,
then royal
Trade and profits
Mixed
farming, furs
1638
Delaware
Middle
Peter Minuit& New Sweden
Company
Middle
Lord Berkeley & Sir George
Careret
Names after island in England
where Careret was born
1660
New Jersey
1682
Pennsylvania
Middle
William Penn
Middle Colonies:

“Breadbasket”

Cultural Diversity

Fertile soil

Mild climate

Cash crops

German immigrants

Wheat

Mixed farming
None
Established by
Sweden; taken by
Dutch, then English.
Known as “Lower
Counties”
Proprietary
Trade and profits.
None
Proprietary
None
Proprietary
Trade and profits
Religious &
Political freedom
Set up as Dutch
colony, taken over by
English in 1664
New Amsterdam
becomes NYC
Mixed
farming
Wheat, mixed
Religious freedom farming
for Quakers
(pacifists); trade
and profits
Established by
Sweden; taken by
English in 1664 Few
Colonist/Mainly
Native Americans "
Originally Quaker, this
colony became home
to many European
immigrants “Holy
Experiment” diverse
population
Tobacco
1607
Virginia,
Jamestown (1st
permanent
settlement)
Anglican
Southern
John Smith
London Company
None (Anglican after 1692) Proprietary
Maryland
North
Carolina
1634
Trade and profits,
farming
Founded as joint-stock
company. House of
Burgesses (1619).
Only 60 of 1st 900
colonists survived.
Establishes self-gov’t
under House of
Burgesses
John Rolfe marries
Pocahontas
1609-10 “Starving
time”
Bacon’s Rebellion –
settlers don’t want to
be restricted to the
coast
Tobacco &
corn (don’t
Religious freedom
want to be
for Catholics/trade
dependent on
1 crop)
Slow growing Act of
Toleration Religious
freedom to all
Christians (1649)
Royal
Southern George Calvert
1653
Rice
Southern Group of proprietors
Anglican
Proprietary
1585
Roanoke, NC
1670
Georgia
1733
Southern Group of proprietors
Southern James Oglethorpe
Anglican
Proprietary
Anglican
Royal
Trade and profits
Debtor colony.
Military buffer
from Spanish
Joint business venture
Eliza Lucas – Indigo
Colonists disappeared
without a trace.
Virginia Dare – 1st
English child corn in
New World.
Establish English
colony in New
World
Southern Sir Walter Raleigh
South
Carolina
Trade and profits
Rice
Rice
Rice major crop.
Originally outlawed
slavery and restricted
size of land grants to
Florida
Southern Colonies:

Warmer Climate

Great rich soil

Tobacco

Rice

Cash crops

Slaves/indentured
servants

Tidewater – along sea
coast

Back Country – hills
& forest climbing up
App. Mts.
Based on several sources, including The American Journey by Goldfield
500 acres.