Corn Talking Points

South Dakota ranks 6th nationally for corn production.

In 2012, South Dakota farmers grew 535,300,000 bushels of corn.

Ethanol is made by heating and fermenting the corn kernels until all the starch and sugar is converted to ethanol.
The ethanol is then mixed with regular gasoline before we put it in our vehicles.

300 million bushels of corn can be processed in 15 ethanol plants to generate 1,016,000,000 gallons of ethanol. (Any
family work at the plants?)
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Heartland Grain Fuels, Aberdeen
Heartland Grain Fuels, Huron
Dakota Ethanol, Wentworth
Glacial Lakes Energy, Watertown
Glacial Lakes Energy, Mina
North Country Ethanol, Rosholt
NuGen Energy, Marion
POET Biorefining, Big Stone
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POET Biorefining, Chancellor
POET Biorefining, Groton
POET Biorefining, Hudson
POET Biorefining, Mitchell
POET Biorefining, Scotland
Redfield Energy, Redfield
Valero Renewable Fuels, Aurora
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South Dakota is the 5th largest of the nation’s leading ethanol producing states.

Distillers grain is a by-product of the ethanol industry. It comes in 2 forms-wet and dried. Both forms are used to
feed animals.

Distillers grain provides protein for animals. Protein helps animals grow big muscles.

Corn is used for a lot of things we eat and use.
Products Made from Corn
EDIBLE USES
ANIMAL USES
INDUSTRIAL USES
Beer
Corn oil
Adhesives
Breakfast cereals
Distiller Grain – ruminants
Aluminum
Baby food
Gluten – beef, swine
Antibiotics-penicillin
Candies
Grazing – dairy, sheep,
Asbestos insulation
Corn chips
goats, swine
Aspirin
Canned vegetables
Kernal – chickens, swine
Batteries-dry cell
Carbonated beverages
Silage – beef, swine
Coating-wood/paper/metal
Cheese spreads
Color Carrier-paper/textile
Chewing gum
Cosmetics
Chocolate products
Crayon/Chalk
Corn meal
Degradable plastics
Dessert powders
Disposable diapers
Dextrose
Dyes
intravenous solutions
Ethyl & Butyl Alcohol
icing
Explosives-firecrackers
sugar
Finished Leather
Edible oil
Fuel Ethanol
Flour/Grits
Gypsum Wallboard
Frozen Foods
Ink
Fructose
Insecticides
Instant Coffee/Tea
Insulation/Fiberglass
Jams/Jelly/Preserves
Latex paint
Ketchup
Leather tanning
Licorice
Paper Board/Cardboard
Malted Products
Paper Manufacturing
Margarine
Paper Plates/Cups
Mayonnaise
Pharmaceuticals
Mustard-prepared
Rugs/Carpets
Peanut Butter
Shaving cream/Lotions
Potato Chips
Shoe polish
Salad Dressings
Soaps/Cleaners
Soft Drinks
Spark Plugs
Starch & glucose
Textiles
Syrup
Tires
Tacos/Tortillas
Toothpaste
Wheat Bread
Wallpaper
Whiskey
Windshield Washer Fluid
Yogurts
Soybean Talking Points

South Dakota ranks 9th nationally in soybean production.

In 2012, South Dakota farmers grew 141,300,000 bushels of soybeans.

In South Dakota, soybeans are processed at the South Dakota Soybean Processor cooperative facility in Volga.

At the plant in Volga, the soybeans are crushed to separate the solids from the oil. The oils is then processed
into Soyol which is sold to manufacturers of various consumer items (mostly plastics and biodiesel but also
cooking oil and crayons).

The Natural Gold company in Aberdeen uses soybean oil to make a fuel additive that helps diesel engines get
better gas mileage and stay cleaner. (Ask them to find Aberdeen marked on your map.)

The solid part of the crushed soybean is called soybean meal and it makes up about 80% of the seed. It is an
excellent animal feed. About 98% of soymeal produced is fed to animals. Most of the egg laying chickens, pigs
and dairy cattle grown in South Dakota eat a diet that has lots of soybean meal in it.

Biodiesel is made by using chemistry to break soybean oil into two different parts. One part can be used in our
vehicles. The other part, glycerin, can be used to make soaps and other products.

International markets use about half of the soybeans produced in the United States. China is the number one
export market for our soybeans. One out of every four rows of soybeans grown in the US is exported to China.
Our soybeans are loaded on trains and taken to ports by the ocean where they are put on ships and taken to
China.

Soybeans are used for a lot of things we eat and use.
Products Made from Soybeans
EDIBLE USES
ANIMAL USES
INDUSTRIAL USES
Baby Food
Aquaculture
Adhesive
Batters/Breading
Bee Food
Agricultural Adjuvants
Bakery Ingredients
Calf Milk Replacer
Alternative Fuels
Beer/Ale
Cattle Feed
Animal Care Products
Beverage Powder
Dairy Feed
Antibiotics
Breads/Rolls
Fox/Mink Feed
Anti-Foam Agents
Breakfast Cereal
Domestic Pet Food
Asphalt Emulsions
Cake
Poultry Feed
Auto Care Products
Canned Meat
Protein Concentrate
Wood Resin Binders
Cheese
Soybean Meal
Candles/Waxes
Coffee Creamer
Swine Feed
Carpet Backing
Cookies/Doughnuts
Cleaning Products
Emulsifying Agent
Composites/Particle Board
Frozen Dairy Dessert
Cosmetics
Flour
Crayons
Gravies
Diesel Additives
Grits
Disinfectants
Soy Milk
Dust Suppressants
Infant Formula
Electrical Insulation
Margarine
Furniture Care Products
Mayonnaise
Hair Care Products
Noodles
Hand Cleaners
Oriental Foods
Hydraulic Fluids
Pancakes
Inks
Pasta Products
Insulation
Peanut Butter
Linoleum Backing
Pharmaceuticals
Lubricants
Roasted Soybeans
Paper Coating
Salad Dressings/Oil
Paint Strippers
Sandwich Spread
Paint – water based
Sauces
Personal Care Products
Sausage Casing
Pesticides
Shortening
Pharmaceuticals
Snack Food
Plastics
Soup
Rubber
Soy Sprouts
Varnishes
Soy Sauce
Vinyl Plastics
Tofu
Wallboard
Whipped Topping
Wheat Talking Points

South Dakota ranks 6th nationally for wheat production.

In 2012, South Dakota farmers grew 102,435,000 bushels of wheat.
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South Dakota farmers grow two different types of wheat—spring wheat and winter wheat. They are called spring
and winter wheat because of the time of year when they are planted.

Spring wheat is planted in the spring and harvested in late summer.

Winter wheat is planted in the fall. It starts to sprout and grows just a little. Then it goes dormant when it gets cold
and stays that way all winter. In the spring, winter wheat starts growing again. Often, it’s some of the first green
plants you see in the fields. It is harvested in mid- to late summer.

Wheat is generally made into flour for bread and pasta.

South Dakota has a pasta making company, Artisan Italian, in Alcestor where they use vegetables, fruits, herbs and
spices to flavor the pasta. They even have chocolate!

Wheat has to go through several chains of transportation before it becomes pasta we eat.
 First it is hauled to the farmer’s field where it is planted.
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After it is done growing, the farmer uses a combine to harvest the wheat.

The farmer takes the wheat to an elevator where it is loaded onto another truck or a train and hauled to the
miller. (Need to discuss that the “elevator” is not the kind that students ride on to get to a different floor in a
building. Might seem obvious to us, but for those with no experience, they have nothing else to relate to when
they hear “elevator”.)
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At the miller’s, the wheat is ground into flour and bagged or put into containers.

The flour is then shipped by train or truck to the pasta makers.

After the pasta is made, it is generally loaded onto trucks and shipped to restaurants or the grocery store.
Wheat is used for a lot of things we eat and use.
Products Made from Wheat
EDIBLE USES
ANIMAL USES
INDUSTRIAL USES
Antioxidant
Straw Bedding
Adhesive/Binder/Paste
Baby Foods
Graze
Alcohol
Bagel
Hay
Carbonless Copy Paper
Bread
Silage
Charcoal
Breakfast Cerealshredded/puffed
Coatings
Composite Building Material
Cake
Cosmetic
Cracker/Biscuits
Fuels
Creamer-non dairy
Gluten
Egg White Substitute
Golf Tees
Flours
Hair Conditioner
Folic Acid
Ink
Frozen Dessert
Insulation
Gravy/Sauces
Medical Swabs
Ice Cream Cones
Moisturizer/Lotion
Milk Replacers
Newsprint
Muffins
Oil
Pancakes
Packaging –peanuts/foam
Pastry
Paper/ Newsprint
Pasta Products
Paperboard
Pie Crust
Corrugated Paper
Pizza
Pharmaceutical
Pudding
Plastic-bags/cups/utensils
Soup
Polymers
Tortillas
Resin
Waffles
Roofing
Whipped Topping-non-dairy
Skeet Pigeons
Skin Care Products
Straw Particle Board
Textile Finishing Agent
Cattle Talking Points

South Dakota ranks 6th nationally in the number of cows and calves we raise.

In 2012, there were 3,850,000 head of cows and calves in South Dakota.
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For every person in South Dakota, there are almost 5 cows.

Discuss the differences between:
 Cow—adult female bovine (mom); over 3 years of age
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Bull—adult male and a young male bovine (dad and brother)
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Steer—animal that has been neutered. Tell them he can’t be a daddy if they ask what neutered means. Can
compare to a dog or cat, too.
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Heifer—young female bovine (sister); 2 years
of age and younger
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Calf—baby of either sex
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Cattle eat distiller’s grain that is the corn kernel
with all the carbohydrates used up in ethanol
processing. Distiller’s grains are high in protein.
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After they are fully grown, most cattle are
shipped to other states where they are harvested
for meat. However, some South Dakota
communities have their own “locker”. (Discuss
that a locker in this sense is not like the locker
they put their stuff in at school, but where the
animals are turned into meat and meat
products.)

Does your home town have a local locker plant?
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Cattle are used for more than just meat.
Products Made from Cattle
EDIBLE USES
FAT
HORNS & HOOVES
Hamburger
Chewing gum
Adhesives
Roasts
Candles
Plastics
Steak
Detergent
Pet food
Jerky
Fabric softener
Plant food
Liver
Deodorant
Photo film
Kidney
Shaving cream
Shampoo & Conditioner
Heart
Perfume
Emery boards
Tongue
Pet food
Lamination
Cosmetics
Wallpaper
Creams & lotions
Plywood
HIDE & HAIR
Gelatin
Flavorings
Emery boards
Sheetrock
Wallpaper
Candies & confectionary
Leather
Air filters
Crayons
Paint
Oils & lubricants
Biodiesel
Plastics
Waterproofing agents
Cement
BONES
Refined sugar
Charcoal
Fertilizer
Glass
Marshmallows
Ceramics
INTERNAL ORGANS
Chalk
Anti-aging cream
Explosives
Medicine
Fireworks
Instrument strings
Matches
Tennis racquet strings
MILK
Fertilizer
Hormones & enzymes
Adhesives
Antifreeze
Vitamins
Plastics
Insulation
Sausage casing
Cosmetics
Linoleum
Medicine
Rubber
BLOOD
Textiles
Pasta
Medicines
Imitation eggs
Brushes
Felt
Insulation
Plaster
MANURE
Cake mixes
Dyes & inks
Nitrogen Fertilizer
Adhesives
Phosphorus
Minerals
Minor Minerals
Medicines
Laboratory research material
Sheep Talking Points

South Dakota ranks 6th nationally in sheep and lamb production.
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In 2012, there were 275,000 head of sheep and lambs in South Dakota.

Discuss these terms:
 Ewe—young and adult female sheep (mom and sister)
 Ram—young and adult male sheep (dad and brother)
 Wether—neutered male sheep. Unable to become a daddy. Can compare to neutered dogs and cats as most will
be familiar with this.
 Lamb—baby
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Sheep generally provide us with 2 products—meat and wool.

In some countries, people use sheep’s milk to make cheese.

Wool has a natural grease on it called lanolin. It is used to make things like lotion and makeup creamy and smooth.

Wool has to go through several steps before it is ready to be made into clothes or blankets.
 First the wool is sheared off the animal. This is like getting a buzz-cut hair cut and it doesn’t hurt.
 Then the wool is washed to remove the lanolin and dirt and grass.
 The wool is then carded. Carding involves dragging the wool through steel-toothed brushes. This pulls the wool
fibers apart, making them thinner and creating a fine web of wool.
 The wool is then spun using a spindle. The fibers are twisted together to make long strands of yarn or string.
 Once the yard is spun, it is woven together to make fabric using a loom.
 Fabrics made from wool can include broadcloth, gabardine, herringbone, houndstooth and tweed.
 Wool is the only fiber we use to make clothing that is naturally fireproof.
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Lamb meat products include leg of lamb, chops, shanks, spare ribs, shoulder chip and ground lamb. Specialty value
added items include filet mignon, summer sausage and sticks.
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St. Onge, South Dakota, is home to one of the largest sheep markets in the United States.
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Sheep are used for more than just meat and wool.
Products Made from Sheep
EDIBLE USES
HORNS & HOOVES
INTESTINES
Leg of Lamb
Horn and Bone Handles
Sausage Casings
Pot Roasts
Collagen and Bone for Plastic Surgery
Instrument Strings
Lamb Chops
Bone China
Surgical Sutures
Round Steaks
Wallpaper and Wallpaper Paste
Tennis Racquet Strings
Rack of Lamb
Dog Biscuits
Explosives
Ground Lamb
Steel Ball Bearings
Solvents
Lambecue
Malts and Shakes
Chewing Gum
BBQ Ribs
Fertilizer
Paints
Neatsfoot Oil
Makeup
Adhesives
Rennet for Cheese
Bone Charcoal for High Grade Steel
Industrial Oils
Plywood and Paneling
Industrial Lubricants
Shampoo and Conditioner
Stearic Acid
Dice
Cosmetics
Collagen Cold Cream
Dog Food
Crochet Needles
Protein Dog Food
Cellophane Wrap and Tape
Mink Oil
Glycerine
Oleo Margarine
Photographic Film
Ceramics
HIDE & WOOL
Lanolin
Clothing
Drum Heads
Yarns
Artists' Brushes
Sports Equipment
Fabrics
Pelt Products
Rouge Base
Insulation
Rug Pads
BONES
Asphalt Binder
Syringes
Textiles
Gelatin Desserts
Ointment Base
Rose Food
Tennis Balls
Piano Keys
Worsted Fabric
Marshmallow
Felt
Potted Meats
Carpet
Pet Food Ingredients
Footwear
Bandage Strips
Woolen Goods
Bone Charcoal Pencils
Baseballs
Gelatin Capsules
Upholstery
Adhesive Tape
Hide Glue
Phonograph Records
Paint
Combs and Toothbrushes
Plaster Binder
Buttons
MANURE
Nitrogen Fertilizer
Potash
Phosphorus
Minor Minerals
Abrasives
Bone Jewelry
Bone Meal
Emery Boards and Cloth
Ice Cream
Laminated Wood Products
Medicines
Shoe Crème
Dish Soap
Tires
Parffin
Chicken Feed
Biodegradable Detergents
Antifreeze
Crayons
Floor Wax
Tallow for Tanning
Chemicals
Rubber Products
Oleo Shortening
Insecticides
Candles
Herbicides
Shaving Cream
Protein Hair Conditioner
Protein Hair Shampoo
Creams and Lotions
Swine Talking Points
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South Dakota ranks 11th nationally in the number of pigs we have.
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In 2012, South Dakota had 1,200,000 pigs.
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Discuss the following terms
 Sow—adult female hog (mom)
 Boar—young and adult male hog (dad and brother)
 Gilt—young female hog (sister)
 Barrow—neutered male hog. Can compare to dogs and cats as most will be familiar with this concept.
 Piglet—baby of either sex
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The #1 hog producing state is Iowa, which is South Dakota’s neighbor to the southeast.

There are usually 9-12 piglets born to a sow at one time. This is called a litter. (Note the different meaning of the
word “litter” to students.)
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Most pigs eat a diet that is very high in soybean meal, which is the non-oil part of the crushed soybean seed. They
also eat corn so livestock and crop producers work together.
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Piglets weigh about 2 pounds when they are born. They grow very quickly and by time they are about 5 months old,
they will weigh about 250 pounds. When they reach 250 pounds, they are ready to harvest for meat.
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John Morrell & Co. is a facility in Sioux Falls where pigs are harvested for meat. The plant’s 3,400 workers processes
more than 17,000 hogs on a typical day at the plant.

People in China are earning more money and wanting to buy pork. There are 200,000 people added to the world
population each day meaning there are more people to feed. This creates an export market for South Dakota raised
hogs.
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There are a wide variety of pork by-products. Some are even used in human medicine.
Products Made from Pigs
EDIBLE USES
MANURE
BONES
Bacon
Nitrogen Fertilizer
Batteries
Ham
Phosphorus
Cork
Pork chops
Minor Minerals
Bullets
Spare Ribs
Electricity (methane)
Inkjet paper
Sausage
Organic fertilizer
Roasts
Concrete
Loin
Match heads
HIDE & HAIR
Safety gloves
Cosmetic surgery
Energy bars
Fine bone china
Soap
Toothpaste
Shoes
Chewing gum
BLOOD
Cheesecake
Citgarette filters
Low fat butter
Ham food coloring
Capsule pills
Fish food
Chemical weapon testing
Paintbrushes
Bread dough softener
INTERNAL ORGANS
Insulin
Pancreas
Yogurt
Pet food
Heparin (anticoagulant)
Heart valves
Tambourines
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
How Corn is Used in Some of these Products
Beer
Beer manufacturing is a process of treating malt to convert and extract the barley starch to fermentable sugars
using the amyloytic enzymes present in malt followed by yeast fermentation. However, demand for lighter, less
filling beer, especially in the U.S., has permitted use of more refined carbohydrate sources of two types:
a) dry adjuncts, primarily dry milled corn grits, broken rice, refined corn starch, and more recently, dextrose.
b) liquid adjuncts, namely corn syrups
Cake Mixes
Cake mixes use a pregelatinized corn starch that will form a paste in cold or warm water. In baked goods that
use yeast for rising, dextrose is used as a yeast nutrient.
Candies
Corn syrup is used in hard candies to provide a body giving them chewiness and a desirable mouthfeel without
excessive sweetness. Candies that are coated use a pyrodextrin corn starch for the coating.
Carbonated
Beverages - Coke
High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) blended with sucrose in a 50/50 blend is sweeter than the same concentration
of sucrose. The use of HFCS in carbonated beverages is common throughout Canada and the U.S.
Cookies
Corn starch, corn flour or dextrose may be found in cookies.
Corn Flakes
The flaking grits are cooked to a rubbery consistency with syrup, malt, salt and flavouring added. After
tempering, the cooked grits are flattened between large steel rolls, followed by toasting in travelling ovens to a
golden brown colour.
Corn Starch
Corn starch is derived from the wet milling process and is an important manufactured product. Some uses
depend on the properties in the dry state, but most applications relate to its properties as a cooked, hydrated
paste.
Corn Meal
Corn meal is a popular dry corn product because of its long shelf life. It is used to produce an assortment of
chemically leavened bread and fried products like corn bread and muffins.
Cosmetics
Corncobs, when finely ground, are relatively dust free and very absorbent. This absorbency makes corncobs
useful carriers for pesticides, fertilizers, vitamins, hand soaps, cosmetics and animal litters.
Granola Dips
/Granola Bars
Some types of Granola Dips use dextrose as a sweetener.
Gypsum Wallboard Starch-containing corn flour is gelatinized during the manufacturing process; It functions by controlling the rate
of water loss during drying of the board. Soluble carbohydrates migrate to the surface and control the rate of
crystallization of the gypsum, providing a strong bond between the gypsum and the liner.
Instant Coffee &
Tea
Maltodextrins are derived from the wet milling process. They are a dextrose equivalent product of complete
solubility but little or no sweetness. Maltodextrins are sprayed on instant tea and coffee to keep the granules
free flowing. This solution is also used in instant soup mixes or other packages where the contents must be be
kept free flowing.
Mars Bar & Twix
Bar
Many candy bars contain corn syrup.
Paint and Varnish
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a resin developed from processing corncobs. These resins are useful in the paint
and varnish industry as solvents for dyes, resins, and lacquers.
Paper Products
Paper products use raw starch in the manufacturing process. The properties of high paste viscosity and strong
gels are useful in specially coated papers. Pyrodextrins are also used for paper manufacturing for the adhesive
property on remoistenable gums for postage stamps and packaging tape.
Pharmaceuticals
Aspirin - an oxidized starch paste, which dries to a clear, adherent, continuous film, is spread in a thin layer over
the aspirin. Intravenous - some IVs consist of dextrose and water solutions.
Antibiotics - preferred carbohydrate sources are corn syrup, dextrose, corn starch, lactose and sucrose. Corn
steep liquor was early found to provide a ready source of soluble nitrogenous nutrients plus unknown growth
factors that stimulate antibiotic production.
Over 85 different types of antibiotics are produced using corn.
Snack Foods Corn Chips &
Doritos
These snack foods are generally made from whole corn (cornmeal). The high starch content of cornmeal and
flour is important in giving a high puff in preparation of extruded (pressed) snack products in which a delicate
corn flavour is desired.
Spark Plugs
Starch is used in the production of the porcelain part of spark plugs.
Tire, Rubber
In the production of tires, corn starch is sprinkled on the molds before pouring the rubber, to prevent the rubber
from sticking to the molds.
Toothpaste
Sorbitol, which is produced from the corn sugar dextrose, is used in toothpaste as a low-calorie, water-soluble,
bulking agent.
Whiskey
The major carbohydrate in the production of whiskey is corn. A typical Canadian whiskey is made from a
mixture of about 90% corn, 5% rye, and 5% barley malt.
Yogurt
Some of the different brands of yogurt use corn syrup as a sweetener.
How Soybeans are Used
http://www.ncsoy.org/ABOUT-SOYBEANS/Uses-of-Soybeans.aspx
Nearly all soybeans are processed for their oil.
Soy processors (such as Cargill & ADM) take the raw soybeans and separate the oil from the meal. The oil may be refined for
cooking and other edible uses, or sold for biodiesel production or industrial uses. The processors bake the high-protein fiber that
is left after the oil is removed and sell it for animal feed.
Soybean oil is used in cooking and frying foods. Margarine is a product made from soybean oil. Salad dressings and mayonnaises
are made with soybean oil.
Some foods are packed in soybean oil (tuna, sardines, etc.) Baked breads, crackers, cakes, cookies and pies usually have soybean
oil in them.
FEED FOR ANIMALS -- The high-protein fiber(that which remains after processing has removed the oil) is toasted and
prepared into animal feed for poultry, pork, cattle, other farm animals and pets. The poultry and swine industries are major
consumers of soybean meal. Over half of the soybeans processed for livestock feed are fed to poultry, about one-quarter is fed to
swine, and the rest is used for beef cattle, dairy cattle and petfood.
Soy protein is increasingly found in fish food, both for home aquariums and for the fish grown for eating. Most marine species
were feed fish meal at one time, but the scarcity and increasing cost of fish meal has led producers to switch to high protein
soymeal for a variety of marine species. Around the world, soy protein may be found in feed for most animals.
Biocomposites are building materials made from recycled newspaper and soybeans. They replace other
products traditionally made from wood, such as furniture, flooring, and countertops.
Particleboard, laminated plywood and finger-jointed lumber are made with soy-based wood adhesives.
Soy products are also found in many popular brands of home and commercial carpet, and in auto upholstery
applications.
BIODIESEL -- fuel for diesel engines can be produced from soybean oil with simple processing. Soy biodiesel is cleaner burning
than petroleum-based diesel oil. Its use reduces particulate emissions, and its non-toxic, renewable and environmentally friendly.
Soy oil produces an environmentally friendly solvent that safely and rapidly removes oil from creeks, streams and shorelines
without harming people, animals and the environment. Soy is an ingredient in many industrial lubricants, solvents, cleaners and
paints.
Soy crayons made by the Dixon Ticonderoga Company replace the petroleum used in regular crayons with soy oil making them
non-toxic and safer for children.
Candles made with soybean oil burn longer but with less smoke and soot.
SoyInk is superior to petroleum-based inks because soy ink is not toxic, renewable and environmentally friendly, and it cleans up
easily.
Soy-based LUBRICANTS are as good as petroleum-based lubricants, but can withstand higher heat. More importantly, they are
non-toxic, renewable and environmentally friendly.
Soy-based hydraulic fluid and rail flange lubricants are among the more recent products developed with check-off funds.
SOY-BASED FOAMS are currently being developed for use in coolers, refrigerators, automotive interiors and even
footwear. Beginning in October 2007, Ford Mustangs rolled off the production line with soy flexible foam in the seats.
Alternative and Industrial Uses of Wheat
http://www.kswheat.com/consumerspageid261_uses-of-wheat.shtml
The properties that make wheat suitable in food products gluten (protein) and starch also make wheat functional in nonfood and industrial
applications. Wheat gluten is unique due to its ability to be elastic, bind water and form films that can be stabilized with heat.
These properties render wheat gluten useful for the preparations of adhesives, coatings, polymers and resins.
Wheat is being utilized in these other products:
Straw Particle Board (wood) One-Acre of wheat stubble produces approximately two bales of wheat straw. 64 pounds of wheat straw produce on
sheet of strawboard 4" x8" 1/2 thick. Primary uses of strawboard include ready to assemble furniture, flooring a, foundation for lamination and
kitchen cabinets.
Paper Wheat starch makes paper stronger. Five billion pounds of starch are sued in the manufacturing of paper per year in the U.S.
Adhesives (Many types) Starch is used as an adhesive on postage stamps and is used to hold the bottom of paper grocery sacks together.
Polymers
Packing peanuts
Plastic Bags
Plastic film, eating utensils and molded items (biodegradable)
Packaging, foams and insulation (biodegradable, starch-based)
Reinforcing agents in rubber products (flour-based)
Charcoal
Cups
Fine paper products (carbonless copy paper)
Fuels
Golf Tees
Insulation
Medical swabs
Roofing and other building materials
Skeet pigeons
Textile finishing agents
Wood substitute in composite building materials
Cosmetics and Pharmaceutical products Wheat starch could be substituted in significant volumes for current materials if probed commercially viable.
Hair conditioners
Moisturizers
Liquid laundry detergents
Water-soluble inks
Starch replacing fat in desserts Researchers have found when wheat starch replaces fat in frozen desserts, the desserts not only are lower in fat, but
also are creamier and tastier than the same product without wheat starch.
Milk replacers
Egg white substitutes
Non-dairy products including whipped toppings, creamers
Co-binder in food and non-food packaging
A carrier of the controlled release of pesticides or flavors
Due to advances in technology, using these wheat products is now as efficient as using other commodities, such as corn of soybeans.
Wheat appears to be attractive for new uses in part because it is so easily produced and because the necessary production and distribution
infrastructure in already in place.
Kansas State University Grain Science researchers are trying to find other major uses for wheat starch and expand the markets for wheat. Locating
these plants in Kansas would increase jobs in Kansas and increase profitability for farmers.
The production and commercialization of new products made with renewable agricultural commodities presents new opportunities for the global
environment and for America, creating new markets for American produced goods, new jobs and economic growth. The potential new value for the
wheat industry alone has been estimated at %500 million.
U.S. TOTAL USE
50% Exports
36% Food
10% Livestock feed
4% Seed
There’s a Cow in My Marshmallow?!
December 19, 2013 by factsaboutbeef
http://factsaboutbeef.com/tag/cattle-by-products/
Myth: Cattle are only used for meat and the rest of the body is wasted after slaughter.
The Facts: Cattle provide us with more than just meat, they also provide many other by-products you use every day. A by-product is
a secondary item that is produced in addition to the principal product.
Cattle provide us much more than meat.
Did you know that there are hundreds of uses for cattle by-products? It’s true – cattle provide us with some of the most essential items
in our day-to-day lives. By-products are used in all types of mechanical and chemical items to aid in our daily activities. Do you own a
car, take a bus or ride a bike? If so, you’re utilizing by-products in the tires on your vehicle and the asphalt on the road. Even items that
may seem trivial, such as dyes, inks, adhesives and plastics are derived from cattle by-products.
Here are a few more fascinating ways in which cattle by-products touch our lives:
 Cattle organs and glands are used in the production of medicine, insulation, antifreeze, shampoos/conditioners and
instrument strings.
 Photo film, vitamin capsules, charcoal and glass are all derived from bones and horns of cattle.
 Inedible beef fat provides us with airplane lubricants, hydraulic brake fluid, biodiesel and medicines.
 Many foods, other than beef, use the products of slaughter – marshmallows, ice cream, chewing gum and some candies are
made from by-products of cattle.
 Hides from cattle are tanned into leather becoming shoes, purses and wallets.
The facts are we depend on cattle for nutritious beef and their supply of resources to be part of our day-to-day lives. For more examples
of cattle by-products view DairyMax.org [PDF].
After learning about the innumerable ways in which cattle help us live our lives, you’ll likely never look at a cow the same way again.
Over 40 pharmaceuticals and medicines are derived from pig co-products.
http://www.sustainableswineresources.com/medical-groups.php
Co-product Options
Blood
Eyeball
Fetal Pig
Heart
Heart Valve
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Pancreas
Placenta
Pericardia
Ovaries
Small Intestine
Small Intestine Casing
Spleen
Stomach Lining
Thyroid
Trachea
The global medical industry is one of the world’s fastest growing industries absorbing over 10% of the gross domestic product of
most developed countries. The United States has one of the largest medical and healthcare industries in the world. It is comprised of
sectors such as medical equipment and supplies, pharmaceutical healthcare services, biotechnology and alternative medicines.
Two very important sectors that co-products from the pig are used in are pharmaceutical and medical devices.
Pharmaceuticals rank second only to meat itself in the important contributions pigs make to society. Up until recently, we depended
primarily on pigs as a source of many of our vital medical products, and in many cases we still do. Rapidly advancing science and
technology are continually adding to the list of life supporting and lifesaving products derived from the incredible pig. Co-products such
as pancreas, stomach lining and small intestine can be used in the manufacture of finished products such as Insulin, Heparin and
Pepsin within the pharmaceutical sector.
The medical device manufacturing sector is a highly diversified industry that produces a range of products designed to diagnose and
treat patients in healthcare systems worldwide. The United States medical device industry is known for producing high quality products
using advanced technology resulting from significant investment in research and development. Heart valves can be used for
replacement surgeries in human beings. Tissues from the pig such as the submucosa of the small intestine and pericardia can be used
for general surgery applications within the human body to repair wounds.
Co-products from pigs play a vital, though less visible, role in maintaining and improving the quality of human life. Thanks to innovative
research and new technologies, new and different co-products from pigs are constantly being developed.
Did you know...
Various tissues from the pig are further processed to create a finished product that is used for wound closure applications throughout
the human body.
This little lamb went to market
http://www.sheep101.info/sheepproducts.html
Meat
The most important product we get from sheep is meat. Meat is an important component of our diets, and lamb and mutton supply us
with many of the vital vitamins and proteins we need for healthy living. Lamb is the meat (flesh) from a sheep that is less than one year
old. Mutton is the meat from a sheep that is over one year of age. The terms yearling mutton are applied to the meat from a sheep that
is between one and two years of age.
World meat consumption
Pork
40 percent
Beef
32 percent
Poultry
22 percent
Lamb and mutton
6 percent
While sheep meat only accounts for 6 percent of the world's meat consumption, it is the principle meat in regions of North Africa, the
Middle East, India, and parts of Europe. The European Union is the world's largest lamb consumer and number one importer of lamb,
whereas 99 percent of the lamb imported originates from Australia and New Zealand.
Wool
Wool is the product for which sheep are best known. Wool is widely used in clothing from knitwear such as socks and jumpers to cloth
used for suits and costumes. It is used in the furniture trade both for making chair covers and for upholstery. Many of the better carpets
produced traditionally and today are made from wool. Wool is used to fill mattresses. It is used in diverse products, such as tennis ball
covers, pool table baize, and hanging basket liners.
Alternative uses of wool are increasing. Wool is a very useful product when oil spills occur. Pads made from wool can be used to soak
up the oil. In 1999 when an oil spill occurred near Phillip Island, Australia, the Phillip Island penguins were fitted with wool sweaters.
The sweaters helped maintain the tiny penguin's body heat and prevented them from being poisoned by the oil.
There is a company in the United Kingdom that makes caskets out of wool. Prince Charles is a big support of the eco-friendly wool
caskets. Several companies are making insulation from wool. Wool has a higher R value than many traditional materials. Mulch pads
made from wool offer an environmentally-friendly alternative to plastic mulches.
Bricks reinforced with wool (and seaweed) are less toxic than those reinforced with traditional alternatives. Plus, they're stronger. An
entrepreneur in England is making packaging material out of left over wool. Not only are the wool-insulated boxes more
environmentally-friendly, but they have out-performed poly-based insulating material, keeping items twice as cool.
Lanolin
Raw wool contains 10 to 25 percent grease or "lanolin," which is recovered during the scouring process. Lanolin consists of a highly
complex mixture of esters, alcohols, and fatty acids and is used in adhesive tape, printing inks, motor oils, and auto lubrication. Lanolin
is also used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Virtually all cosmetics and beauty aids, such as lipsticks, mascara, lotions, shampoos,
and hair conditioners, contain lanolin.
Skins
Sheep skins are removed from the carcasses after slaughter. They are treated in a process called tanning and made into soft leather.
Sheep skin is commonly used for making the chamois cloth that you wash your car with. A small number of skins are preserved as sold
as sheepskins, with the wool still attached.
The skins from hair sheep produce the highest quality leather. This is because the numerous fine wool fibers, as compared to the lesser
number of coarse fibers of the hair sheep, cause the skin to be more open and loose in texture.
Persian lambskin
One of the main reasons for keeping Karakul sheep commercially is for the production of Karakul lambskin, the skin of a newborn lamb,
1 to 3 days old. Newly born lambs have tightly-curled, shiny, black fur. Karakul lambskin is also known as Persian lambskin or
Astrakhan. It is typically used in full-fur garments, such as coats and skirts, and as trimming, edging, lining, and for accessories.
Karakul lamb fur accounts for almost 12 percent of the world's fur trade, second only to mink. Karakul sheep are raised mostly in
Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Namibia, where they are the only animals that can survive the harsh environmental conditions, while
providing both a food source and income to local people.
Dairy
Sheep cheese comprises about 1.3 percent of the world's cheese production. Some of the world's most famous cheeses were originally
made from sheep's milk: Roquefort, Feta, Ricotta, and Pecorina Romano. Sheep's milk is also made into yogurt, butter, and ice cream.
The United States is a large importer of sheep milk cheeses.
Science and medicine
Sheep make many contributions to the fields of science and medicine. They are used as research models to study disease and perfect
surgical techniques. They are used in stem cell research. Their blood is the ideal medium for culturing bacteria. Sheep are used to
produce pharmaceuticals in their blood and milk. Using nanotechnology, scientists are using wool proteins to create new wound
dressings, bone graft implants, and medical sutures.
Landscape management
While sheep have been used for centuries to control unwanted vegetation, grazing as a fee-based service is a relatively new
phenomenon. Along with goats, sheep are the best livestock to use to control unwanted vegetation, such as noxious weeds and
invasive plants. Sheep are also a good companion enterprise to solar farming, as they can control vegetation under the solar panels,
while producing an income.