Study Guide
I.
General Information
The purpose of this study guide is to familiarize the candidate with the examination process leading to Board Certified or Board Qualified
classification conferred by the American Board of Podiatric Medicine (ABPM). The study guide will also cover information related to the
Self-Assessment examination (for re-credentialing purposes only).
The Qualification and Certification examinations are administered in web-based formats and are offered at Test Centers nationally.
Both are designed to measure different cognitive areas. The qualification examination is primarily designed to assess a candidate's
breadth of knowledge, while the certification examination is designed to assess the thought processes of the candidate when faced with
a number of clinical case presentations. In general, certification questions center on the appropriateness of data gathering for the history
and physical examination, the differential diagnosis process, the ordering and interpretation of diagnostic tests, and the adoption of
appropriate treatment options and case management regimens. Both portions of the examination focus on experience and clinically
relevant situations and avoid recall of obscure facts or eponyms.
The Self-Assessment examination, administered in a web-based format, is offered at Test Centers nationally, and consists of 100
questions in a variety of short answer forms, e.g. multiple choice, matching, etc. The self-assessment examination does not include a
“passing score”. Candidates are informed of their individual performance and also provided the aggregate data for the self-assessment
group for that year. Examinees will receive individual reports of their performance by mail approximately 6 weeks following the final
examination access date, as well as aggregate data for the group tested that year. Passing the self-assessment examination is not
required to maintain diplomate classification.
How to Study for the Examination
1.
Read this Study Guide to learn as much as you can about the examination process.
2.
Answer the sample qualification questions presented without looking at the answer key. Then score yourself and note any
pattern showing a weakness in any particular subject area. Review the certification question presented.
3.
References listed on the Suggested Reading List are only one resource and are provided as a guide. They are by no means
comprehensive. Candidates are advised to refer to current literature and journals for the most current information on a subject.
4.
Make time to prepare for the examinations. Cramming and intensive study may not be helpful. Candidates who prepare by
careful review are sometimes less anxious during the exam and may perform better.
II.
Examination Construction
The examinations are prepared by the Examination Committee. The Examination Committee is composed of Diplomates
representing a variety of geographic and clinical backgrounds, such as private practice, the military, academia, and the
Department of Veterans Affairs. Committee members are chosen for their expertise in the subject areas. The qualification and
certification examination are field tested and evaluated psychometrically to ensure quality, relevance, and clarity. The only
questions included in the examination are those that meet these criteria.
III.
Scoring
Scoring, the interpretation of scores, and the determination of what constitutes a passing score are the responsibility of the
Board of Directors, in consultation with the Board’s psychometricians. On occasion, a question may be double keyed (more than
one response is considered correct), or eliminated. The passing score is based upon a percentage of correct responses, and is
not done on a curve. Several statistical parameters are utilized to determine the passing score, and it may vary from year to
year. Candidates are typically advised of their results within eight weeks of the examination, after scoring has been completed.
The Board of Directors does not make the examination available to the candidate after the examination is given.
The certification examination consists of a series of questions representing a diversity of clinical situations and subject areas and
emphasizing different aspects of clinical acumen. For each question, the Examination Committee has specified a certain number
of agreed-upon salient aspects of the case, or “points to pass”. The number of “points to pass” required, for each case
presentation, varies depending upon the case.
The total number of questions needed to pass the certification examination is predetermined by the Board of Directors.
Candidates will be advised at the time of the examination as to the total number of questions comprising the certification
examination. Scoring is completed electronically. Upon reporting of examination results, candidates will be advised of the
number of questions (clinical cases presented) passed. The Board will not, however, specify individual question results, nor will
it make the questions available to the candidates for future review. This policy is necessary to maintain examination integrity.
IV.
Qualification Examination Content
The following subject areas are tested to determine Board Qualified or Board Certified classification, along with their approximate
proportional representation in the qualification examination. Categories may include imaging, laboratory (including gait studies),
pharmacology and special considerations in pediatric and geriatric patients, as is appropriate. Both local and systemic manifestations
of podiatrically relevant pathology will be assessed.
I)
Podiatric Orthopedics (50%):
Each section includes the general podiatric orthopedics knowledge that is required to assure the overall well-being of the
patient. Within the podiatric orthopedics section each of the following areas will represent approximately 8% (4% of the
total exam). These areas may include neurologic and rheumatologic manifestations of podiatric orthopedic pathology.
Biomechanics / Pathomechanics / Orthotics / Prosthetics
General Orthopedics
Pedorthics
Rehabilitation / Physical Therapy
Surgical Criteria
Trauma / Sports Medicine
II)
Podiatric Medicine (50%):
Each section includes the general medical knowledge that is required to assure the overall well-being of the patient (i.e.
primary care/triage). Within the podiatric medicine section each of the following areas will represent approximately 4%,
(2% of the total exam.)
Cardiology / Pulmonology
Dermatology
Emergencies
Endocrinology
Gastroenterology / Nephrology
General Medicine
Hematology / Oncology
Infectious Disease
Neurology
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Psychosocial / Public Health (includes biostatistics, community health and epidemiology)
Rheumatology
Wound Care
The qualification examination consists of 200 multiple-choice questions. Each question is followed by four or more responses, of which
there is a single best response available. Key words in the question stem, such as most, least, only, or except are highlighted to facilitate
comprehension. Specifically avoided are questions with responses such as "all of the above," "none of the above," or in which responses
are combined, such as "A. and C."
Set Questions. On occasion, a modification of the single-item multiple-choice format is presented in a "set" format, whereby a case
history is presented in paragraph form, and several multiple-choice questions follow, pertaining to the case history. Scoring of these
questions is identical to the single-item format, with each question individually scored.
In the qualification examination there is no penalty for guessing, therefore all questions should be answered. Ample time is scheduled for
completing the examination. Sample qualification examinations start on page 9. The answers appear at the end of the question section.
V.
The Certification Examination
The board certification examination consists of a variety of separate clinical scenarios that need to be worked through by the
candidate. The clinical scenarios and related questions may embrace any of the areas listed in the Subject Outline appearing
elsewhere in this document. Candidates are provided with initial patient information and other relevant clinical material from which
to work through the case. Each segment of the question is assigned specific scoring criteria. For example, a candidate may receive
separate credit for completing an appropriate history and physical, requesting adequate additional studies to determine the
diagnosis, making the proper diagnosis, determining the appropriate treatment plan, etc. The particular scoring requirements of a
case vary based on the case presented. Sample cases are presented on the ABPM website.
SAMPLE BOARD QUALIFICATION EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
Below are sample questions of the type to be used in the qualification portion of the examination. Answers are found at the end of
the document.
1. A 45 year old male with diabetes mellitus type II presents for evaluation of a painful hammer toe of the third digit. The patient
has diminished sensation and denies a history of trauma.
Based on the accompanying radiograph, which of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Avascular necrosis
Fracture
Osteochondroma
Enchondroma
2. A consultation is requested to the ICU for this 67 year-old female with diabetes mellitus type I who was admitted for diabetic
ketoacidocis. The patient was last heard from two days prior to admission and found in her apartment by her sister. No history
is available due to the patient’s inability to communicate. Her foot is pictured below.
What is the most appropriate treatment?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Initiate culture driven IV antibiotics
Apply NS wet to dry dressings until patient is alert
Incise and drain in operating room
Apply an enzymatic debriding agent to the wound bed
3. A 73 year old male has diabetes mellitus type II, congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, peripheral vascular disease and an
open left second toe amputation. He presents to the emergency room with fever, chills, nausea and vomiting for the last 24
hours. His medications are:
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), lispro (Humalog), metoprolol (Toprol) and warfarin (Coumadin).
Allergies: penicillin and tetanus toxoid.
Vitals: Temp: 97.4F BP 98/47 P:61 0² 93%
Which of the following advanced imaging studies would be the most appropriate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bone Scan
Densitometry
MRI
Computed tomography
4. A 34 year old male with a history of AIDS presents with the following unilateral lesions of the plantar aspect of his left foot. The
lesions are firm, but not hard and are vascular in appearance. They are asymptomatic; however the patient relates that they
have been slowly growing over the past year.
Which of the following conditions is most likely?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sarcoidosis
Melanoma
Mycosis fungoides
Kaposi’s sarcoma
5. A patient who presents with pain at the first MTP joint is diagnosed with metatarsus primus elevatus
Which of the following physical exam finding is most likely present?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hallux valgus
Hallux hammertoe
Dorsally contracted second toe
Dorsal hypertrophy, first metatarsal head
6. A patient presents with severe Achilles tendonitis. MRI findings reveal longitudinal tearing of the tendon fibers. She is not a
surgical candidate, due to peripheral vascular disease, damaged kidneys and decreased peripheral sensation secondary to
chemotherapy treatment for lymphoma.
A.
C.
B.
D.
Which of the ankle-foot orthoses shown is the most appropriate for this patient?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option D
7. You are consulted for evaluation of a 6 month old with the left foot deformity shown, present since birth. Clinically the
condition is flexible. No other abnormalities are noted.
Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment for this deformity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Counter Rotation Splint
AFO
Serial casting
Surgical correction
8. A 4 year-old male is referred for evaluation of pain on the inner aspect of the left foot and abnormal gait for the past month,
when his sister accidentally landed on his foot while playing. The condition is worsening. Musculoskeletal examination reveals
smooth, unrestricted range of motion at the ankle, STJ and MTJ bilaterally. Gait is antalgic on the left with persistent supination
of the left foot. Radiographs are shown.
Based on the suspected diagnosis, which of the following is the most appropriate treatment at this time?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cast immobilization
NSAID therapy; PTB brace
AFO
UCBL with valgus rearfoot post
9. A 56 year-old male complains of long-term pain in his first MTP joint. Examination reveals moderately severe pain and
crepitation with dorsiflexion. He is undomiciled and uninsured. Radiographs are shown.
Which of the following shoe recommendations/modifications are most appropriate for this patient?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Heel lift
Negative heel
Less rigid-sole
Metatarsal rocker bar
10. A patient who previously underwent an Austin bunionectomy complains of dorsal pain of the right hallux. The hallux does not
purchase the ground with weight bearing. The hallux range of motion is a total of 60°.
Which of the following procedures is most appropriate for this patient?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hallux interphalangeal arthrodesis
Keller arthroplasty
Scarf osteotomy of first metatarsal
Arthrodesis of first MTP joint
11. These are the radiographs of a 26 year-old male, in good health, who presented to the ED 30 minutes after a gunshot wound to
the right foot. A 2.0 cm. entrance wound is located on the dorsum of the first MTP joint.
Initial care for the patient should include all the following EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Irrigation & debridement
Cast immobilization
Tetanus prophylaxis
Primary fracture fixation
Antibiotics
12. A 60 year-old female presents for biopsy of the right fourth nail. Past surgical history includes aortic valve replacement.
Medications include 5 mg of Coumadin (warfarin) daily. Her INR is 3.5 (0.9-1.2).
Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Prescribe post-op antibiotics
Discontinue warfarin for 3-5 days before pre-op and start antibiotics post-op
Discontinue warfarin for 3-5 days and provide antibiotic prophylaxis pre-op
Prescribe pre-op antibiotics and perform the biopsy
13. A 34 year-old construction worker fell from a ladder at work. Muscle testing on the right reveals +2/5 strength of the peroneals,
extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and posterior tibial muscles. His MRI is shown.
Which of the following is most consistent with these findings?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Low back strain
Spinal stenosis
Disk herniation
Tumor
14. A 48 year-old female presents with pruritic water blisters on her right foot. She has previously tried over the counter Lotrimin
Ultra and Cortisone 10.
Which of the following oral medications would be the most effective for this patient?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Terbinafine
Acyclovir
Tetracycline
Prednisone
15. A 23 year-old male complains of long-standing heel pain combined with a history of intermittent low back and hip pain.
Radiograph is shown. Laboratory findings reveal a positive HLA-B27.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Ankylosing spondylitis
Gouty arthritis
16. An 81 year-old female is seen with darkening of the toes as shown, which began 1 week ago. She has Type 2 DM, loss of
protective threshold and an ABI of 0.8. She was recently diagnosed with atrial fibrillation.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Shower emboli
Ischemic changes
Raynaud's phenomenon
Perfringens infection
17. A 49 year-old male with Type 2 DM presents with the ulceration shown, of 8 weeks duration. He denies pain, redness or
swelling. He notes clear fluid accumulating on his socks during the day, with odor. Examination reveals palpable pedal pulses
and absent protective threshold.
Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment for this wound?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Admit; begin IV antibiotics; schedule for surgical debridement
Debride; obtain tissue cultures; radiographs; off-load the wound
Order MRI; begin Cipro 500mg Q12; prescribe depth inlay shoes
Swab culture; order CT angiography with runoff; apply enzymatic debriding agent
18. A 54 year-old female presents with a non-healing foot ulcer. Examination reveals an ankle brachial index of 1.2 (>1) and a
TCpO2 of 45 mmHg (>55 mm Hg).
Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Poor arterial collateralization
Medial calcific sclerosis affected the study results
Vasospastic disease
Venous congestion
19. A 68 year-old RA female with the deformities shown is scheduled for first MTP joint arthrodesis with resection of metatarsal
heads 2, 3, 4, 5.
Which of the following is the best post-op gait assistive device for partial weight bearing for this patient?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Single pronged cane
Four pronged cane
Forearm crutch
Platform crutch
20. A 32 year-old female tennis player presents for recent acute pain in the posterior right ankle during a match. MRI is shown.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Inflamed retrocalcaneal bursa
Tumor or mass within the Achilles tendon
Avulsion fracture of the calcaneus at the Achilles tendon insertion
Partial rupture of the Achilles tendon
21. A 56 year-old male complains of long-term pain in his first MTP joint. Examination reveals moderately severe pain and
crepitation with dorsiflexion. He is undomiciled and uninsured. Radiographs are shown.
Which of the following shoe recommendations/modifications are most appropriate for this patient?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Heel lift
Negative heel
Less rigid-sole
Metatarsal rocker bar
22. A 4 year-old male is referred for evaluation of pain on the inner aspect of the left foot and abnormal gait for the past month,
when his sister accidentally landed on his foot while playing. The condition is worsening. Musculoskeletal examination reveals
smooth, unrestricted range of motion at the ankle, STJ and MTJ bilaterally. Gait is antalgic on the left with persistent
supination of the left foot. Radiographs are shown.
Based on the suspected diagnosis, which of the following is the most appropriate treatment at this time?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cast immobilization
NSAID therapy; PTB brace
AFO
UCBL with valgus rearfoot post
23. You are consulted for evaluation of a 6 month old with the left foot deformity shown, present since birth. Clinically the
condition is flexible. No other abnormalities are noted.
Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment for this deformity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Counter Rotation Splint
AFO
Serial casting
Surgical correction
24. A patient presents with severe Achilles tendonitis. MRI findings reveal longitudinal tearing of the tendon fibers. She is not a
surgical candidate, due to peripheral vascular disease, damaged kidneys and decreased peripheral sensation secondary to
chemotherapy treatment for lymphoma.
A.
C.
B.
D.
Which of the ankle-foot orthoses shown is the most appropriate for this patient?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option D
25. A patient who presents with pain at the first MTP joint is diagnosed with metatarsus primus elevatus
Which of the following physical exam finding is most likely present?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hallux valgus
Hallux hammertoe
Dorsally contracted second toe
Dorsal hypertrophy, first metatarsal head
Answers: 1.d, 2.c, 3.c, 4.d, 5.d, 6.a, 7.c, 8.a, 9.d, 10.d, 11.b, 12.c, 13.c, 14.a, 15.c, 16.a, 17.b, 18.b, 19.d, 20.d, 21.d, 22.a, 23.c, 24.a,
25.d
VIII.
Suggested Reading List
Suggested Readings - Biomechanics
Adams & Victor’s Principles of Neurology
Baxter, DE, Porter, DA, Schon, L. Baxter’s The Foot and Ankle in Sport. Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier. 2008.
Beatty, Bucholz, Court-Brown, Heckman, Kasser, Tornetta. Rockwood & Green’s Fractures in Adults. December, 2009.
Coughlin M, Mann R, Saltzmann C, Forefoot-Sesamoids and Accessory Bones of the Foot, Surgery of the Foot and Ankle. 8th ed.,
2007, Mosby, p. 542
DeLisa J, Gans B, Walsh N, Foot Disorders, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: principles and practice. 4th ed., 2005, Lipppincott,
Williams & Wilkins, p.881.
Dugan S. Stress Fractures. Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Second Edition, Philadelphia, PA. Saunders and
Elsevier. 2008.
Dutra T: Athletic Foot Types and Deformities. In Athletic Footwear and Orthoses in Sports Medicine, New York, 2010, Springer
Science.
Evans A. Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2009, Muscular Dystrophies
The Flat-Footed Child: To Treat or Not To Treat. JAPMA 2008.
Grumbine N; The Varus Components of the Forefoot in Flatfoot Deformities. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association,
1987, 77 (l), pp. 14-20
Haverstock BD. Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle. Clinics and Podiatric Medicine and Surgery. 2001; 18:273-84.
Hendrix C, Calcaneal apophysitis (Sever disease), Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery, 2005: Elsevier, Jan 22(1) pp 55-62
Hetherington, Chapter 23, page 313-315; Lange, Current Rheumatology Diagnosis and Treatment, second edition.
Hutchins S. The biomechanics and clinical efficacy of footwear adapted with rocker profiles- evidence in the literature. The Foot.
19:165-170, 2009.
Iwamoto J, Takeda T. Stress Fractures in Athletes: Review of 196 Cases. Journal of Orthopedic Sciences. 2003; 8(3):273-8.
Janisse DJ, Janisse E. Shoe Modification and the Use of Orthoses in the Treatment of Foot and Ankle Pathology. Journal of the
Academy of Orthopedic Surgery. 2008, March; 16(3):152-8.
Kang JH, et al. Correlations between subjective treatment rezones and plantar pressure parameters of metatarsal pad treatment in
metatarsalgia patients: a prospective study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disord. 7:95, 2006.
Kay and Tang. Pediatric Foot Fractures: Evaluation and Treatment. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgery. 2001;
9:308-19.
Kirby K. Rotational Equilibrium Across the Subtalar Joint. JAPMA, 1989.
Kirby KA. Biomechanics of the Normal and Abnormal Foot. JAPMA, 2000.
Kirby KA. Subtalar joint axis location and rotational equilibrium theory of foot function.
JAPMA 91(9):465-87, 2001
Lange, Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Orthopedics, fourth edition.
Levy L and Hetherington VJ. Principles and Practice of Podiatric Medicine. 2 nd edition. Data Trace Publishing Co., 2009;
Lovell and Winter's Pediatric Orthopaedics 6th ed. 2005, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
Lusardi, M. and Nielsen, C. Orthotics and Prosthetics in Rehabilitation. 2nd ed. 2006.
Maffulli N, Longo UG, Spiezia F, Denaro V. Aetiology and Prevention of Injuries in Elite Young Athletes. Medicine and Sports Science.
2011:56:187-200.
McGlamry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, third edition, Vol. 1
Current Diagnosis and treatment, 2009: , Radiology (Chrisman), Pediatrics, chapter 24.
McNally, Eugene, Practical Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. Churchill Livingston. 2004.
Merrill LJ, Gurnett CA, Connolly AM, Pestronk A, Dobbs MB. Skeletal Muscle Abnormalities and Genetic Factors Related to Vertical
Talus. Clinical Orthopeadics and Related Research. 2010.
Mooney J and Campbell R: Adult foot disorders. In Neale’s Disorders of the Foot, 8 th Edition, Edinburgh, 2010, Churchill Livingston
Elsevier.
Nelson SC, Haycock DM. Arthroscopy-assisted retrograde drilling of osteochondral lesions of the talar dome. JAPMA 95(1):91-6.
2005.
Perry, J, and Burnfield, J. Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function. 2 nd ed. 2010.
Root MJ, Orien WA, Weed JH. Normal and abnormal function of the foot. Clinical Biomechanics Corporation, Los Angles, 1971.
Rose KJ, Raymond J, Refshauge K, North KN, Burns J. Serial Night Casting Increases Ankle Dorsiflexion Range in Children and Young
Adults with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease: A Randomized Trial. Journal of Physiotherapy. 2010:56(2):113-9.
Roukis T, Scherer PR, Anderson CF, Position of the First Ray and Motion of the First Metatarsalphalangeal Joint. JAPMA, 1996,
Nov;86(11):538-43.
Sabharwal S., Kumar A., “MRI, CT, Radiograph,” Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research, Dec. 2008, p. 2910-2922
Sammarco GJ. Rehabilitation of the Foot and Ankle. C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1995.
Scherer P: Evidence-Based Orthotic Therapy. In Athletic Footwear and Orthoses in Sports Medicine, New York, 2010, Springer
Science.
Scherer PR. Recent Advances in Orthotic Therapy. Lower Extremity Review, 2011
Sgarlato T. A Compendium of Podiatric Biomechanics. College of Podiatric Medicine. San Francisco, 1971
Statler TK, Tullis BL. Pes Cavus. JAPMA 95(1): 42-52, 2005.
Tachdjian's Pediatric Orthopedics, 4th edition, 2007
Tollafield DR and Merriam LM Clinical Skills in Treating the Foot. Churchill Livingstone, 1997
Valmassy, RL; Clinical Biomechanics of the Lower Extremities / Edition 1 1995.
Veves A, Giurini J, LoGerfo F, Charcot arthropathy in the diabetic foot. The Diabetic Foot. 2nd ed., 2006, Humana Press, p. 284
Vorlat P, Achtergael W, Haentjens P. Predictors of Outcome of Non-Displaced Fractures of the Base of the Fifth Metatarsal.
International Orthopedics. 2007, February; 31(1):5-10.
Whittle, M. Gait Analysis: an Introduction, 4th ed. 2007
Whitney A, Green D, Pseudoequinus Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association. 1982; 72 (7); pp. 365-371
Williams A, Nester C. The Pocket Podiatry Guide: Footwear and Foot Orthoses, Edinburgh, 2010, Churchill Livingston Elsevier.
Yu WD, Shapiro MS. Fractures of the Fifth Metatarsal: Careful Identification for Optimal Treatment. Physician and Sports Medicine.
1998, February; 26(2):47-64.
Suggested Readings – Medicine
Abbott CA, Malik RA, van Ross ER, Kulkarni J, Boulton AJ, Prevalence and characteristics of painful diabetic neuropathy in a large
community-based diabetic population in the U.K. Diabetes Care. 2011 Oct;34(10):2220-4. Epub 2011 Aug 18.
Abboud H, Henrich WL, Clinical practice. Stage IV chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(1):56.
Adamson John W, Longo Dan L, "Chapter 58. Anemia and Polycythemia" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL,
Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2878924
Ahmed T, Haboudi N. ; Assessment and Management of Nutrition in Older People and Its Importance to Health. Clin Interv Aging.
2010 Aug 9;5: 207-16.
Allen RP, Bharmal M, Calloway M, Prevalence and disease burden of primary restless legs syndrome: results of a general population
survey in the United States. Mov Disord. 2011;26(1):114.
Alpert Joseph S, Thygesen Kristian S, Jaffe Allan S, White Harvey D, "A Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction for the TwentyFirst Century" (Update).
Alzeheimer’s Disease: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1134817-overview
American Diabetes Association, Standards of medical care in diabetes--2013. Diabetes Care. 2013;36 Suppl 1:S11.
Am Fam Physician 72 (4): 647–52. PMID 16127954. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20050815/647.html
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), American Psychiatric
Association, Arlington, VA 2013.
Aminoff Michael J, Kerchner Geoffrey A, "Chapter 24. Nervous System Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA: CURRENT
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2011: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=12507.
Bacon Bruce R, "Chapter 303. Genetic, Metabolic, and Infiltrative Diseases Affecting the Liver" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E,
Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2874057.
Fatty liver disease: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/175472-diagnosis
Ballard C, Gauthier S, Corbett A, Brayne C, Aarsland D, Jones E, Alzheimer's disease. Lancet. 2011 Mar;377(9770):1019-31. Epub 2011
Mar 1.
Baloch Z, Carayon P, Conte-Devolx B, Demers LM, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Henry JF, LiVosli VA, Niccoli-Sire P, John R, Ruf J, Smyth PP,
Spencer CA, Stockigt JR, Guidelines Committee, National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry, Laboratory medicine practice guidelines.
Laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Thyroid. 2003;13(1):3.
Banks AS, Downey, MS, Martin DE, Miller, SJ. McGlamry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery 4 th Ed. Lippincott
William and Wilkins. Jun 15, 2001
Bargmale Joanne M, Skorecki Karl, "Chapter 274. Chronic Kidney Disease" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL,
Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2880823.
Baron Robert B, "Chapter 29. Nutritional Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical
Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=16152.
Barrett KE, Barman SM, Boitano S, Brooks H, "Chapter 30. Origin of the Heartbeat & the Electrical Activity of the Heart" (Chapter).
Barrett KE, Barman SM, Boitano S, Brooks H: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 23e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5243592 .
Bennett RM, Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2009;35(2):215.
Berger Timothy G, "Chapter 6. Dermatologic Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.:CURRENT Medical
Diagnosis & Treatment 2009: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=747
Bird Thomas D, Miller Bruce L, "Chapter 365. Dementia" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson
JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2904052.
Bodman MA: The Nail Unit: Diseases and Disorders: In Levy LA and Hetherington VJ (eds): Principles and Practice of Podiatric
Medicine. Vol. 1 2nd Ed. Data Trace Publishing Company, Brooklandville, 2006
Bonner Mark W, Benson Paul M, James William D, "Chapter 218. Topical Antibiotics" (Chapter). Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI,
Gilchrest B, Paller AS, Leffell DJ: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 7e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2969806.
Braunwald Eugene, Loscalzo Joseph, "Chapter 36. Edema" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL,
Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2863869
Brown, Jr. Robert H, Amato Anthony A, Mendell Jerry R, "Chapter 382. Muscular Dystrophies and Other Muscle Diseases" (Chapter).
Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2907497
Cardiology, American College of Cardiology Foundation, Heart Rhythm Society, AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the
standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part III: intraventricular conduction disturbances: a scientific statement
from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American
College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized
Electrocardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(11):976.
Chaudhry Vinay, "Chapter 379. Peripheral Neuropathy" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson
JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2907120
Chesnutt Mark S, Gifford Alex H, Prendergast Thomas J, "Chapter 9. Pulmonary Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA,
Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2740.
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, Roccella EJ,
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High
Blood Pressure, National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee, The Seventh Report of the Joint National
Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA.
2003;289(19):2560.
Chung F, Yuan H, Yin L, Vairavanathan S, Wong DT, Elimination of preoperative testing in ambulatory surgery. Anesth Analg.
2009;108(2):467.
Cooper David S, Greenspan Francis S, Ladenson Paul W, "Chapter 8. The Thyroid Gland" (Chapter). Gardner DG, Shoback D:
Greenspan's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology, 8e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2629192
Cornett Patricia A, Dea Tiffany O, "Chapter 39. Cancer" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical
Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=8950897. Lung cancer treatment:
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/279960-treatment
Corrales-Medina Vicente F, Shandera Wayne X, "Chapter 32. Viral & Rickettsial Infections" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA:
CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2011: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=17051
Cryer Philip E, "Chapter 339. Hypoglycemia" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo
J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2875924
Czeisler Charles A, Winkelmale John W, Richardson Gary S, "Chapter 28. Sleep Disorders" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper
DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2897429.
Dai X, Bumgarner J, Spangler A, Meredith D, Smith SC, Stouffer GA, Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction in patients hospitalized
for noncardiac conditions. J Am Heart Assoc. 2013;2(2):e000004.
Dalbeth N, Haskard DO. Pathophysiology of crystal-induced arthritis. In: Crystal-induced Arthropathies, Wortmann RL, Schumacher
HR Jr, Becker MA, Ryan LM (Eds), Taylor & Francis, New York 2006. p.239.
Dawson B, Trapp RG, "Chapter 1. Introduction to Medical Research" (Chapter). Dawson B, Trapp RG: Basic & Clinical Biostatistics, 4e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2046000.
DermNetZ; http://dermnetnz.org/lesions/dermatosis-papulosa-nigra.html
Dienstag Jules L, "Chapter 298. Acute Viral Hepatitis" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL,
Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2873725.
Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. US Government Printing Office; US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Health
and Human Services, Washington, DC 2010.
Drake LA, Dinehart SM, Farmer ER, Goltz RW, Graham GF, Hordinsky MK, Lewis CW, Pariser DM, Webster SB, Whitaker DC, Butler B,
Lowery BJ, Raimer SA, Krafchik BR, Olsen E, Weston WL, Guidelines of care for the use of topical glucocorticosteroids. American
Academy of Dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35(4):615.
Drug eruptions: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1049474-overview
Eckerline, Jr. Charles A, Rothert Steven D, "Chapter 5. Legal Aspects of Emergency Care" (Chapter). Stone CK, Humphries RL:
CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Emergency Medicine, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3117372.
Ellison David H, "Chapter 2. Disorders of Extracellular Volume: Hypovolemia & Hypervolemia" (Chapter). Lerma EV, Berns JS,
Nissenson AR: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Nephrology & Hypertension:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=6334487
Emedicine; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1056854-overview
Emedicine; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/126187-overview
Emedicine Burns Management: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/769193-treatment
Emery AE, The muscular dystrophies. Lancet. 2002;359(9307):687.
Endorf , Fred W, Gibran Nicole S, "Chapter 8. Burns" (Chapter). Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, Matthews
JB, Pollock RE: Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 9e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5012285.
Epstein LJ, Kristo D, Strollo PJ Jr, Friedman N, Malhotra A, Patil SP, Ramar K, Rogers R, Schwab RJ, Weaver EM, Weinstein MD, Adult
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Clinical guideline for the evaluation, management
and long-term care of obstructive sleep apnea in adults. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009;5(3):263.
European Association for the Study of Liver, EASL clinical practical guidelines: management of alcoholic liver disease. J Hepatol.
2012;57(2):399.
Fealey Robert D, Sato Kenzo, "Chapter 82. Disorders of the Eccrine Sweat Glands and Sweating" (Chapter).Wolff K, Goldsmith LA,
Katz SI, Gilchrest B, Paller AS, Leffell DJ: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 7th Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2985825
Ferrell Bruce A, Charette Susan L, "Chapter 30. Pain Management" (Chapter). Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Tinetti ME, Studenski S, High,
KP, Asthana S: Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5113622
Fleckman Philip, DiGiovanna John J, "Chapter 47. The Ichthyoses" (Chapter).
Fleischer AE, Didyk AA, Woods JB, et al.; Combined clinical and laboratory testing improves diagnostic accuracy for osteomyelitis in
the diabetic foot. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2009 Jan-Feb;48(1):39-46.
Flier Jeffrey S, Maratos-Flier Eleftheria, "Chapter 74. Biology of Obesity" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL,
Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2879105
Frederick, Shane, Danzl, Daniel F, "Chapter 41. Metabolic & Endocrine Emergencies" (Chapter). Stone CK, Humphries RL: CURRENT
Diagnosis & Treatment: Emergency Medicine, 6e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3112282
Friedman Lawrence S, "Chapter 16. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.:
CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=7993.
Gill AL, Bell CN, Hyperbaric oxygen: its uses, mechanisms of action and outcomes. QJM. 2004;97(7):385.
Giovannucci E.:J Clin Endocrinol Metab.Expanding roles of vitamin D. 2009 Feb;94(2):418-20.
Goldhaber Samuel Z, "Chapter 256. Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E,
Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2880540.
Gonzales Ralph, Nadler Paul L, "Chapter 2. Common Symptoms" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=79.
Gonzales R, Kutner JS, "Disease Screening" (Chapter). Gonzales R, Kutner JS: CURRENT Practice Guidelines In Primary Care 2009:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=560515
Hasler William L, "Chapter 39. Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL,
Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2863966
.
HBOT: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1464149-overview
Hellmann David B, Imboden John B, "Chapter 20. Musculoskeletal & Immunologic Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA,
Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=10083.
Herschthal J, Kirsner RS, Current management of venous ulcers: an evidence-based review. Surg Technol Int. 2008;17:77-83.
Hu Serena S, Tribus Clifford B, Tay Bobby K, Bhatia Nitin N, "Chapter 5. Disorders, Diseases, & Injuries of the Spine" (Chapter).
Skinner HB: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment in Orthopedics, 4e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2319334 .
Hueston William J, Carek Peter J, Allweiss Pamela, "Chapter 35. Endocrine Disorders" (Chapter). South-Paul JE, Matheny SC, Lewis EL:
CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment in Family Medicine, 2nd Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3034534
Hueston William J, "Chapter 26. Respiratory Problems" (Chapter). South-Paul JE, Matheny SC, Lewis EL: CURRENT Diagnosis &
Treatment in Family Medicine, 2e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3033474 .
Hyperthyroidism: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/121865-overview
Hypokalemia at emedicine.com: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/767448-diagnosis
Hypoglycemia at emedicine.com: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/767359-overview
Hypothyroidism at emedicine.com; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/122393-overview
Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Health care guideline: Assessment and management of chronic pain. Fourth edition
November 2009.
Jameson J. L, Weetman Anthony P, "Chapter 335. Disorders of the Thyroid Gland" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL,
Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2877285. Clinical manifestation of hypothyroidism:
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/433851_2
Jenkin WM. Approach to the Patient with Ankle and Foot Pain. In: Imboden JB, Hellman DB and Stone JH, editors. Current
Rheumatology Diagnosis and Treatment, Lange Medical Books 2004. Chapter 7 pp. 63-64.
Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, Hiltz SW, Black E, Modlin IM, Johnson SP, Allen J, Brill JV, American Gastroenterological
Association, American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux
disease. Gastroenterology. 2008;135(4):1383.
Kalus Andrea A, Chien Andy J, Olerud John E, "Chapter 152. Diabetes Mellitus and Other Endocrine Diseases" (Chapter). Wolff K,
Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest B, Paller AS, Leffell DJ: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in
General Medicine, 7e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2991346
Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2864389.
Kernbach, Klaus J. Tarsal Coalitions: Etiology, Diagnosis, Imaging, and Stigmata Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery; January
2010 (Vol. 27, Issue 1, Pages 105-117)
Klippel, JH. Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases, 13th Edition. Springer Science + Business Media LLC 2008:21-27
Kollef MH, The importance of appropriate initial antibiotic therapy for hospital-acquired infections. Am J Med. 2003;115(7):582.
Kusumoto Fred M, "Chapter 10. Cardiovascular Disorders: Heart Disease" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Hammer GD: Pathophysiology of
Disease, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5367630
Langford Carol A, Gilliland Bruce C, "Chapter 330. Arthritis Associated with Systemic Disease and Other Arthritides" (Chapter). Fauci
AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2876604.
Langford Carol A, Gilliland Bruce C, "Chapter 329. Fibromyalgia" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL,
Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2863176.
Laslett LJ, Alagona P Jr, Clark BA 3rd, Drozda JP Jr, Saldivar F, Wilson SR, Poe C, Hart M, The worldwide environment of cardiovascular
disease: prevalence, diagnosis, therapy, and policy issues: a report from the American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol.
2012;60(25 Suppl):S1.
LeBlond RF, Brown DD, DeGowin RL, "Chapter 6. The Skin and Nails" (Chapter). LeBlond RF, Brown DD, DeGowin RL: DeGowin's
Diagnostic Examination, 9e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3659565.
LeBlond RF, Brown DD, DeGowin RL, "Chapter 8. The Chest: Chest Wall, Pulmonary, and Cardiovascular Systems; The Breasts"
(Chapter). LeBlond RF, Brown DD, DeGowin RL: DeGowin's Diagnostic Examination, 9e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3661355
Lichtman MA, Shafer JA, Felgar RE, Wang N, "A. External Manifestations" (Chapter). Lichtman MA, Shafer JA, Felgar RE, Wang N:
Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2783344
Liem Timothy K, Moneta Gregory L, "Chapter 24. Venous and Lymphatic Disease" (Chapter). Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR,
Dunn DL, Hunter JG, Matthews JB, Pollock RE: Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 9e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5014541
Light Richard W, "Chapter 257. Disorders of the Pleura and Mediastinum" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL,
Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2861952
Linker Charles A, Damon Lloyd E, "Chapter 13. Blood Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2011: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5476.
Lipsky Peter E, "Chapter 314. Rheumatoid Arthritis" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL,
Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2859081.
Liu Kathleen D, Chertow Glenn M, "Chapter 275. Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure" (Chapter).Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper
DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2881053 .
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=78054
Lok AS, McMahon BJ, Chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology. 2007;45(2):507.
Lowenstein Daniel H, "Chapter 363. Seizures and Epilepsy" (Chapter). Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's
Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2901171
Ludgate Mathew W, Johnson Timothy M, Wang Timothy S, "Chapter 100. Skin Cancer" (Chapter). Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Tinetti ME,
Studenski S, High, KP, Asthana S: Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, 6e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5130698.
Masharani Umesh, "Chapter 27. Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2009:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=15524
McCall Calvin O, Lawley Thomas J, "Chapter 53. Eczema, Psoriasis, Cutaneous Infections, Acne, and Other Common Skin Disorders"
(Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine,
17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2864389
McGuire Darren K, Inzucchi Silvio E, "Cardiovascular Considerations for the Use of Thiazolidinedione Medications" (Update). Fauci
AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/updatesContent.aspx?aid=1001451 .
McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2009:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=10909
Meng Maxwell V, Stoller Marshall L, Walsh Thomas J, "Chapter 23. Urologic Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney
LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=11857 .
Metformin and peripheral neuropathy. Podiatry Today; http://www.podiatrytoday.com/blogged/metformin-use-increase-the-riskof-diabetic-neuropathy
Middleton Donald B, "Chapter 9. Seizures" (Chapter). South-Paul JE, Matheny SC, Lewis EL: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment in
Family Medicine, 2nd Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3032647
Morgan, Anthony, Kim Peter S., and Christman Robert A. Radiographic Anatomy of the Talus J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2003 93: 449480.
MRI: http://www.sciencecodex.com/mri
Naldi L, Rebora A, Clinical practice. Seborrheic dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(4):387.
Neurodermatitis. Emedicine: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1123423-overview
Noeller Thomas P, "Emergency Medicine: ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Unstable Angina/Non-STElevation Myocardial Infarction" (Update).
Oliveira JB, Fleisher TA, Laboratory evaluation of primary immunodeficiencies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;125(2 Suppl 2):S297.
Parkinsons Disease: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1151267-overview2. Figure retrieved from www.wikipedia.org - Sir
William Richard Gowers Parkinson Disease sketch (1886)
Pooley RA, AAPM/RSNA physics tutorial for residents: fundamental physics of MR imaging. Radiographics. 2005 Jul;25(4):1087-99.
Powell Frank C, Hackett Bridget C, "Chapter 32. Pyoderma Gangrenosum" (Chapter). Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest B,
Paller AS, Leffell DJ: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 7e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2952781.
Powers Alvin C, "Chapter 338. Diabetes Mellitus" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL,
Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2891108
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1125663
Pratt DS, Kaplan MM, Evaluation of abnormal liver-enzyme results in asymptomatic patients. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(17):1266.
Pruss-Ustun A, Rapiti E, Hutin Y. Estimation of Global Burden of Disease Attrbuted to Contaminated Sharp Injuries Among Health
Care Workers. Am J Ind Med. 2005; 46(6):482-490.
Qaseem A, Snow V, Barry P, Hornbake ER, Rodnick JE, Tobolic T, Ireland B, Segal JB, Bass EB, Weiss KB, Green L, Owens DK, Joint
American Academy of Family Physicians/American College of Physicians Panel on Deep Venous Thrombosis/Pulmonary Embolism,
Current diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in primary care: a clinical practice guideline from the American Academy of Family
Physicians and the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146(6):454.
Rapp Joseph H, Sarkar Rajabrata, Owens Christopher D, "Chapter 12. Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders" (Chapter). McPhee SJ,
Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2009:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=777652
Rashidi Arash, Rahman Mahboob, Wright, Jr. Jackson T, "Chapter 70. Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension" (Chapter). Fuster V,
O’Rourke RA, Walsh RA, Poole-Wilson P, Eds. King SB, Roberts R, Nash IS, Prystowsky EN, Assoc. Eds.: Hurst's The Heart, 12e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3056147
Reilly, Jr. John J, Silverman Edwin K, Shapiro Steven D, "Chapter 254. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease" (Chapter). Fauci AS,
Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2899309.
Reus Victor I, "Chapter 386. Mental Disorders" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL,
Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2908190.
Rheumatoid arthritis: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/331715-overview
Rich P, Scher RK. Examination of the nail and work-up of nail conditions. In: An Atlas of Diseases of the Nail, Parthenon Publishing,
New York 2003. p.11.
Ritchie James V, Juliano Michael L, Thurman R. J, "Chapter 23. ECG Abnormalities" (Chapter). Knoop KJ, Stack LB, Storrow AB,
Thurman RJ: The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 3e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=6007764.
Roggendorf M, Viazov S. Health Care Worker’s and Hepatitis B. Journal of Hepatology. 2003; 39(1):89-92.
Rose BD, Post TW. Clinical Physiology of Acid-Base and Electrolyte Disorders, 5th ed, McGraw-Hill, New York 2001. p.285.
Roujeau Jean-Claude, Stern Robert S, Wintroub Bruce U, "Chapter 56. Cutaneous Drug Reactions" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E,
Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2868433
Rush Micheal D, Winslett Sonia, Wisdom Kimberley D, "Chapter 212. Diabetes Mellitus" (Chapter). Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski
JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=606123 .
Sabel Michael S, "Chapter 44. Oncology" (Chapter). Doherty GM: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Surgery, 13e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5316764
Saffle, JR, Practice guidelines for burn care. J Burn Care. 2001; 22(Suppl):i.
Sanders Sherri, Wortmalen Robert L, "Chapter 45. Gout" (Chapter). Imboden JB, Hellmalen DB, Stone JH: CURRENT Rheumatology
Diagnosis & Treatment, 2e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2727855.
Selvin E, Erlinger TP, Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in the United States: results from the National
Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000. Circulation. 2004;110(6):738.
Seo Philip, Stone John H, "Chapter 43. Miscellaneous Forms of Vasculitis" (Chapter). Imboden JB, Hellmann DB, Stone JH: CURRENT
Rheumatology Diagnosis & Treatment, 2e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2727646.
Shapiro Theresa A, Goldberg Daniel E, "Chapter 39. Chemotherapy of Protozoal Infections: Malaria" (Chapter). Brunton LL, Lazo JS,
Parker KL: Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=946964. FDA Quinine Warning: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/724798
Sheffield PJ, Fife C.; Wound Care Practice, 2 nd Edition. Best Publishing. 2007: 661-96
Sheridan Robert L, "Chapter 94. Thermal Injuries" (Chapter). Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest B, Paller AS, Leffell DJ:
Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 7e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2974407.
Shingles at emedicine: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/788310-diagnosis
Shneker BF, Cios JS, Elliott JO, Suicidality, depression screening, and antiepileptic drugs: reaction to the FDA alert. Neurology.
2009;72(11):987.
Siannis F, Farewell VT, Cook RJ, Schentag CT, Gladman DD, Clinical and radiological damage in psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis.
2006;65(4):478.
Skin Cancer: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1295550-overview
Snijders AH, van de Warrenburg BP, Giladi N, Bloem BR, Neurological gait disorders in elderly people: clinical approach and
classification. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6(1):63.
Soare AM, Popa C.J; Deficiencies of Protein C, S, and antithrombin, and Factor V Leiden and the risk of ischemic strokes. Med Life.
2010 Jul-Sep;3(3):235-8.
Stamm Walter E, "Chapter 282. Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, and Prostatitis" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL,
Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2899464.
Stevens, Dennis L, "Chapter 119. Infections of the Skin, Muscle, and Soft Tissues" (Chapter). Fauci AS,Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser
SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J:Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2860782
Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Everett ED, Dellinger P, Goldstein EJ, Gorbach SL, Hirschmann JV, Kaplan EL, Montoya JG, Wade
JC, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft-tissue infections.
Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(10):1373.
Subramaleian, K, A.I Zubairy, N.P.J Geary. Frost bite in both feet conservative approach. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2003 (Vol. 9, Issue
3, Pages 183-186)
Sudarsky Lewis, "Chapter 24. Gait and Balance Disorders" (Chapter).
Suji G, Sivakami S, Glucose, glycation and aging. Biogerontology. 2004;5(6):365.
Surawicz B, Childers R, Deal BJ, Gettes LS, Bailey JJ, Gorgels A, Hancock EW, Josephson M, Kligfield P, Kors JA, Macfarlane P, Mason
JW, Mirvis DM, Okin P, Pahlm O, Rautaharju PM, van Herpen G, Wagner GS, Wellens H, American Heart Association
Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical
England JD, Asbury AK, Peripheral neuropathy. Lancet. 2004;363(9427):2151.
Sutters Michael, "Chapter 11. Systemic Hypertension" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, Jr.: CURRENT Medical
Diagnosis & Treatment 2010: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3177080
Synovial Sarcoma at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/396425-followup
Szegedi A. Regulatory T-cells in Atopic Dermatitis. Dep of Derm, Univ of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen,
Hungary; 2009, Feb 12: 4012
Taurog Joel D, "Chapter 318. The Spondyloarthritides" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL,
Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2862753.
Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/updatesContent.aspx?aid=1001232
Turk DC, Wilson HD, Cahana A, Treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Lancet. 2011;377(9784):2226.
Valle John D, "Chapter 287. Peptic Ulcer Disease and Related Disorders" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL,
Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2899580.
Wagner Brian K, Martone Jeffrey D., Conte Harry, Hill Melissa, and Kusan Karuna Complications of a Cat Bite J Am Podiatr Med Assoc
2006 96: 455-457
Watnick Suzanne, Morrison Gail, "Chapter 22. Kidney Disease" (Chapter). McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2011: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=11374.
Watts RA, Scott DG, Recent developments in the classification and assessment of vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol.
2009;23(3):429.
Welsh Carolyn H, "Chapter 29. Evaluation of Sleepiness & Sleep Disorders Other Than Sleep Apnea: Narcolepsy, Restless Leg
Syndrome, & Periodic Limb Movements" (Chapter). Hanley ME, Welsh CH: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment in Pulmonary Medicine:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=577588.
Wile DJ, Toth C., Diabetes Care. 2010 Jan;33(1):156-61. Association of metformin, elevated homocysteine, and methylmalonic acid
levels and clinically worsened diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Williams Hywel C, Langan Sinéad, Flohr Carsten, "Chapter 3. Public Health in Dermatology" (Chapter). Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI,
Gilchrest B, Paller AS, Leffell DJ: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 7e:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2965333. Sunscreens: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1119992overview
Wilson Scott C, Skinner Harry B, "Chapter 8. Orthopedic Infections" (Chapter). Skinner HB: CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment in
Orthopedics, 4e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2321297.
Winchester Robert, "Chapter 19. Psoriatic Arthritis" (Chapter).
Witt DM, Delate T, Clark NP, Matrell C, Tran T, Crowther MA, Garcia DA, Ageno W, Hylek EM. Outcomes and predictors of very
stable INR control during chornic anticoagulation therapy. Bllod. 2009 May 13.
Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest B, Paller AS, Leffell DJ: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine, 7th Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2956497
Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond D, "Section 22. Bacterial Infections Involving the Skin" (Chapter). Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond D:
Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 5th Edition: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=755038
Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond D, "Section 3. Psoriasis" (Chapter). Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond D: Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas &
Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 5th Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=761498
Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond D, "Section 16. Skin Signs of Vascular Insufficiency" (Chapter).
Wolff K, Johnson RA, Suurmond D: Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 5th Edition:
http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=75315
Wolff K, Johnson RA, "Section 14. The Skin in Immune, Autoimmune, and Rheumatic Disorders" (Chapter). Wolff K, Johnson RA:
Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5187962 .
Wolff K, Johnson RA, "Section 2. Eczema/Dermatitis" (Chapter). Wolff K, Johnson RA: Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical
Dermatology, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5190332.
Wolff K, Johnson RA, "Section 3. Psoriasis" (Chapter). Wolff K, Johnson RA: Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical
Dermatology, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5197281.
Wolff K, Johnson RA, "Section 11. Precancerous Lesions and Cutaneous Carcinomas" (Chapter). Wolff K, Johnson RA: Fitzpatrick's
Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5186831.
Wolff K, Johnson RA, "Section 15. Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional, and Genetic Diseases" (Chapter). Wolff K, Johnson RA:
Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 6e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5189157.
Wolff T, Tai E, Miller T, Screening for skin cancer: an update of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern
Med. 2009;150(3):194.
Wukich DK, Sung W, Charcot arthropathy of the foot and ankle: modern concepts and management review. J Diabetes
Complications. 2009;23(6):409.
Suggested Readings – Orthopedics
Albert S, Curran S. Lower Extremity Biomechanics: Theory and Practice, Vol 1, 2013 (Dr. Albert’s book)
Alonoso A, Khoury L, Adams R. Clinical Test for Ankle Syndesmosis Injury: Reliability and Prediction of Return to Function Journal of
Orthopaedic & Sport Physical Therapy: 1998, 27(4).
Banks A, Downey M, Matin D et al. Hemostasis. McGlamry Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 3 rd ed. Lippincott,
Williams & Wilkins, 2001:p 2060.
Banks A, Downey M, Martin D, Miller S. “Talar Fractures”. McGlamry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 3 ed.,
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2001: 1865-97.
Banks, Downey, Martin and Miller, editors. McGlammry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Third
Edition. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2001.
Banks A, Downey M, Martin D, Miller S: Management of Acute Tendon Trauma. Comprehensive Textbook of Foot Surgery 3rd ed.,
2001, Lippincott,Williams & Wilkins, 1683-95.
Banks A, Downey M, Martin D, Miller S: Metatarsal Fractures. Comprehensive Textbook of Foot Surgery, 3rd, 2001, Lippincott,
Williams & Wilkins, p.1783-85
Banks A, Downey M, Martin D, Miller S: Osteochondrosis of the Foot and Ankle. Comprehensive Textbook of Foot Surgery, 3rd ed.,
2001, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, p.2079-81.
Banks A, Downey M, Matin D et al. Neurologic Disorders. McGalmry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 3 rd ed.
,Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2001 p1058.
Baratz M, Watson A, Imbriglia J. Nerve Injuries. Orthopedic Surgery: the essentials. Thieme 1999:p756.
Berg D, Worzalak K. Hip, back and trunk examination. Atlas of Adult Physical Diagnosis. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2006: p.305
Bevernage BD, Leemrijse T, Hallux Varus: Classification and Treatment Foot and Ankle Clinics: The Hallux, 2009: WB Saunders,
Philadelphia, March 14(1) pp51-65
Birrer R, O'Connor F: General Types of Injuries: Sports medicine for the primary care physician, 3rd ed., 2004, CRC press, p. 381
Bissonnette B, Luginbuehl I, Dalens B. Syndromes: rapid recognition and perioperative implication. McGraw-Hill 2006:p403.
Brage ME, Ball ST. Surgical options for salvage of end stage hallux ridigus. Foot Ankle Clinic 2002 March7 (1): 49-73.
Brazis P, Biller J. Peripheral Nerves. Localization in clinical neurology,5 th ed. Lippinoctt,Williams&Wilkins, 2007: p63.
Browner B, et al. Amputation in Trauma. Skeletal Trauma: Basic Science, Management and Reconstruction. 2009; Saunder:2875
Browner B, Levine A, Jupiter J, et al. Compartment Syndrome. Skeletal Trauma:Basic science, management and reconstruction Vol 1
3rd ed. 2003: Saunders, p268-292.
Browner B, Levine A, Jupiter J, et al. Lower extremity. Skeletal Trauma:Basic science, management and reconstruction Vol 1 2009:
Saunders:p1848.
Bucholz R, Court-Brown C, Heckman J. . Rockwood & Green's Fractures in Adults: Rockwood, Green and Wilkins Fracture 7 th ed. Vol
1; Lippinocott, Williams & Wilkins 2009, p694-696.
Bucholz R, Heckman J, Court-Brown C. Fractures and Dislocations of the Midfoot and Forefoot. Rockwood & Green’s Fractures in
Adults, 6th ed. 2006, Lippincott, Williams&Wilkins, Philadelphia, Chapter 53 p2170.
Burkitt G, Quick C, Reed J. Soft tissue injuries and burns. Essential surgery:problems, diagnosis and management. 2007, Churchill
Livingstone, p251-262.
Buschbacher R, Prahlow N, Dave S. Running Injuries. Sports medicine and rehabilitation: a sport-specific approach, 2nd ed.,
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins,2008:p 171.
Busconi B, Stevenson JH. Athletes with stress fractures. Sports Medicine Consult: A Problem-Based Approach to Sports Medicine for
the Primary Care Physician, Lippincott, Williams&Wilkins: 2009 p.250-261.
Callaghan J, Rosenberg A, Rubash H, The Hip. The Adult Hip 2nd Edition, 2006: Lippinocott, Williams & Wilkins,Philadelphia Chapter 3
pp52-65
Canale S, Benign Tumors of the Bone. Campbells Operative Orthopaedics 10th edition, 2003: Mosby Philadelphia Chapter 20 pp796799
Castro WH, Jerosch J, Grossman T. Computer Tomography. Examination and diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders.Imaging
Modalities.Thieme, 2001:p279.
Chaitow L, DeLamy J. The leg and foot. Clinical Application of Neuromuscular Techniques Vol 2: The Lower Body.Churchill
Livingstone, 2002: p545-546.
Chapman M: Chapman’s Orthopaedic Surgery, 3rd ed. 2001, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Section II, Chapter 25 page
818.
Chapman M: Fractures and Dislocations of the Midfoot and Forefoot:Chapman’s Orthopaedic Surgery, 3rd ed. 2001, Lippincott,
Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Section VI, Chapter 111 page 2992-4.
Christman, RA. Foot and Ankle Radiology, March 15, 2001. Churchill Livingstone, January 2003.
Conrad E, Osseous Tumors of the Lower Extremity. Oncology: Diagnosis and Treatment 2008:Thieme, Chapter 31 pp173
Coughlin M, Mann R, Saltzman C. Surgery of the Foot and Ankle, 8 th edition,2007, Mosby: St Louis, Chapter 31 p1794-1797.
Coughlin M, Mann R, Saltzmann C. “Fractures of the Midfoot and Forefoot”. Surgery of the Foot and Ankle, 8 ed. Mosby Elsevier,
2007:2223-25
Coughlin M, Mann R. “Congenital and acquired neurologic disorders”. Surgery of the Foot and Ankle, 7 ed. Mosby, 1999:552-3.
Coughlin M, Mann R, Saltzman C. Dislocations of the Foot. Surgery of the Foot and Ankle, 8th edition,2007 Mosby: St Louis, Chapter
40 pp2183-2197
Coughlin M, Mann R, Saltzmann C: Arthritis, Postural Disorders and Tendon Disorders-Flatfoot Deformity in Adults. Surgery of the
Foot and Ankle, 8th ed., 2007, Mosby, p. 1022-24.
Davis KW. Imaging Pediatric Sports Injury: Lower Extremity. Radiology Clinics of North America. 2010, November; 48(6):1213-35.
DeHeer P, Offutt S. Conquering Achilles Tendonitis In Athlete, Podiatry Today, 2002: 15(11)
DeLisa J, Gans B, Walsh N: Foot Disorders. Physical Medicine and rehabilitation: principles and practice, 4 th ed., 2005. Lippinocott,
Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, p. 873-95.
DiGiovanni C, Greisberg J: First metatarsalphalangeal disorders. Foot and ankle core knowledge in orthopedics 2007, Mosby, p.127
Dimeglio A, Benshael H, Souchet Ph, Mazeau Ph, Bonnet F. Classification of Clubfoot, Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B,
1995:4(2):129-36.
Domino F. Stress Fracture. The 5 Minute Clinical Consult 2011(Print,Website, Mobile).Lippincott, Williams &Wilkins:2010 p1246.
Dreeban O, Wheelchairs, Assistive Devices and Gait Training, Introduction to Physical Therapy for Physical Therapist Assistants, 2006
Jones & Barlett:Sudbery Chapter 14 pp235-265
Dutton M, Gait Analysis, Orthopaedic Examination, Evaluation, and Intervention, 2004 McGaw-Hill Professional: Chapter 13 pp396
Eaves T. The Knee. A Practical Guide to Athletic Training. Jones and Bartlett 2009:p128.
Fridman R, Cain J, Weil L Jr, Weil L Sr. Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for the Treatment of Achilles Tendinopathies, Journal of
American Podiatric Medical Association, 2008: 98(6)
Frontera W. Foot injuries. Clinical Sports Medicine: medical management and rehabilitation. Suanders, 2007:p476-477.
Frontera W, Silver J, Rizzo T: Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction. Essentials of physical medicine and rehabilitation: Musculoskeletal
Disorders, Pain and Rehabilitation, 2nd ed., 2008, Saunders, p. 475-479.
Gallagher T, Lim-Dunham J, Vade A: CT findings of unicameral calcaneal bone cyst containing a fluid-fluid level, Computerized
Medical Imaging and Graphics 2007: 31(2) pp111-113
Gazdag A, Cracchiolo A. Rupture of the Posterior Tibial Tendon. Evaluation of Injury of the Spring Ligament and Clinical Assessment
of Tendon Transfer and Ligament Repair, Journal Bone & Joint Surgery(AM)1997:79(5):675-81.
Gerbert J, Hallux Varus. Textbook of Bunion Surgery 2001:Saunders, Philadelphia Chapter 17
Gilroy J. Peripheral neuropathies. Basic Neurology 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill. 2000:p.605-606.
Glasoe WM, Yack HJ, Saltzman CL: Anatomy and Biomechanincs of the First Ray,
Physical therapy 1999:79(9)
Goldberg B, Hsu J. Shoes. Atlas of Orthoses and Assistive Devices, 3 rd Edition, 1997 Mosby: St Louis Chapter 38 pp557-573.
Grady J, Axe T, Zager E, Sheldon L. A Retrospective Analysis of 772 Patients with Hallux Limitus, Journal American Podiatric Medical
Association, 2002:92(2):102-8.
Greenberg M. Orthopedic. Greenbergs text- Atlas of Emergency Medicine. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins;2005,p.527.
Hadad SL, et al, Intermediate and Long Term Outcomes of Total Ankle Arthroplasty and Ankle Arthrodeisis: A Systematic Review of
the Literature. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American, 2007. 89 (9): 1899-1905
Haig S, Flores C. “AnkLe and Distal Tibia”. Orthopedic Emergencies: A Radiographic Atlas. McGaw-Hill, 2004:23-33.
Hausdorff J, Alexander N: Assistive and Protective Devices. Gait Disorders: Evaluation and Management 2005 Taylor & Francis, p 198-200.
Helfand AE. Rehabilitation of the Foot. Clinics in Podiatry. WB. Saunders Co., p. 295-342, Philadelphia, 1984.
Hetling D, Kessler R. Hip. Management of Common Musculoskeletal Disorders:Physical Therapy Principles and Methods, 4 th ed.,
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2006:p461-464.
Hinterman B. Preoperative considerations. Total ankle arthroplasty:historical review, current concepts and future. Springer 2005,p
92.
Horst F, Gilbert B, Nunley J. Avascular necrosis of the Talus: Current treatment options, Foot and Ankle Clinics of North America ,
2004:9(4);757-73.
Howard T, Butcher J: Foot Problems Blackwell's primary care essentials: sports medicine 2001 Blackwell Science p. 198-205
Hsu J, Michael J, Fisk J. Assistive Devices: Canes, Cruthces and Walkers.AAOS Atlas of Orthoses and Assistive Devices 2008
:Elsevier:Philadelphia Chapter 42 pp533-543
Jaivin JS, Bishop JO, Braly WG, Tullos HS. Management of Acquired Adult Drop Foot. Foot and Ankle. 1992, February; 13(2):98-104.
Jobe MT. Compartment Syndromes and Volkman Contracture in: Canale ST, Beaty JH, Editors. Campbell’s Operative Orthopedics,
Eleventh Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2007: Chapter 71.
Johnson D, Pedowitz R: Leg, Ankle and Foot- Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talar Dome. , 2007: Philadelphia, Lippincott,
Williams & Wilkins, p.880
Kapitanyan R, Su M: Toxicity, Local Anesthetics, Emedicine-Web MD, June 10,2009
King JC, Peroneal Neuorpathy, Frontera WR, Silver JK, Rizzo TD, Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: Musculoskeletal
Disorders Pain and Rehabilitations, Second Edition, Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008: Chapter 66.
Kitaoka, Harold B. senior editor. Master Techniques in Orthopedic Surgery of the Foot and Ankle, Second Edition. Lippincott,
Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
Klippel J: Gout. Primer on rheumatic diseases, 13th ed. 2008, Springer, p. 241-58
Kumar SC, Holt G: Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Arthroplasty in the Rheumatoid Forefoot.Calcaneal .Clin Podiatr Med Surg Sept: 12(3)
2007 p.405-15.
Latterman C, Goldstein JL, Wukich DK, Lee S, Bach BR. Practical Management of Lisfranc’s Injuries in Athletes. Clinical Journal of
Sports Medicine, 2007, Vol. 17: 311-315
Letts M, Moreau G: Unicameral bone cyst of the calcaneus in children: J Pediatr Orthop 1994: Jan 14(1) pp101-104
Levy L, Hetherington VJ. Principles and Practice of Podiatric Medicine, 2 nd edition. Data Trace Publishing Co., 2009
Low Term Low Molecular Weight Heparin vs. Oral Anti-coagulants in Deep Venous Tthrombosis. Peri-Operative Management of
Chronic Anti-Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, December 2, 2010: 729738
Lusardi M, Nielsen C. Ankle Foot Orthoses. Orthotics and Prosthetics in Rehabilitation, 2nd ed. 2007; Saunders, St. Louis, p230.
Lynge D, Weiss B: Fractures. 20 Common problems:Surgical problems and procedures in primary care. 2001, McGraw-Hill, p. 212-15.
Malogne, Tim S. MD, Jeffrey M. Lundeen MD, Mark Clapper MD, Thomas J. O’Brien MD. Early Screw Fixation vs. Casting in the
Treatment of Acute Jones Fractures. American Journal of Sports Medicine, July 2005, Vol. 33, No. 7, p. 970-971.
McCormick J, Anderson R: The Great Toe: Failed Turf Toe, and Complicated Sesamoid Injuries. Clin Podiatr Med Surg June:14(2) 2009
p.135-51.
McGlamery D, Banks A, Downey M, Martin D, Miller S: Neurologic Disorders: McGlamry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and
Ankle Surgery, 3rd ed. 2001, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Section V, Chapter 33 p1062.
Mellion M, Putukian M, Madden C. Lower leg syndromes.Sports Medicine Secrets, 3rd ed. Henley and Belfus:2003p382-384.
Miller M, Hart J, MacKnight J. Rehabilitation. Essential Orthopaedics, Saunders, 2009:p26-30.
Mooney, J and Campbell R: Adult foot disorders. In Neale’s Disorders of the Foot, 8 th Edition, Edinburgh, 2010, Churchill Livingston
Elsevier.
Myerson M. Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity. Treatment of Dysfunction of the Posterior Tibial Tendon (Instructional Course
Lecture AAOS): Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 1996; 78: 780-92.
Nelson F, et al. Use of Physical Forces in Bone Healing, Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003 11(5):34454
Nordin, M and FrankelVH: Basic biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system, 3rd ed. 2001, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins,
Philadelphia, Section III, Chapter 18 page 455
Nussbaum E, Hosea T et al. Prospective Evaluation of Syndesmotic Ankle Sprains without Diastasis. The American Journal of Sports
Medicine: 2001, 29(1) p 31-5.
O’Loughlin PF, Heyworth BE, Kennedy JG. Current Concepts in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Ankle.
American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2010, February; 38(2):392-404.
Pollard J, Stress R. A Guide to Bracing for Charcot, Podiatry Today, 2004:17(6).
Poyton AR, O’Rouke K. Analysis of skin perfusion over the Achilles tendon in varying degrees of plantarflexion Foot Ankle
International 2001, 22(7), p 572-74.
Puddu G, Giombini A, Selvanetti A. Rehabilitation of the Foot Following Sports-related Injuries and Surgical Treatment Rehabilitation
of Sports Injuries: Current Concepts 2001, Springer. Chapter 14 pp 167
Randall DB, Anthony JF. Lateral Subtalar Joint Dislocations. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, Volume 94,
Number 1, Page 65-6, 2004.
Ring H, Treger I, Gruendlinger L, Hausdorff JM. Neuroprosthesis for Foot Drop Compared with an Ankle Foot Orthosis: Effects on
Postural Control During Walking, Journal of Stroke, Cerebral Vascular Diseases, January 2009; 18 (1): 41-7
Robinson AHN, Brodsky JW. Surgical aspects of the diabetic foot. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-British, 2009, 91B(1) p 1-7.
Rockwood C, Green D, Bucholz R, Heckman J, Court-Brown C. “Fractures of the Talus”. Rockwood & Green’s Fractures in Adults, 6
ed., Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2005: 2249-93.
Rockwood C, Green D, Bucholz R, Heckman J, Court-Brown C. Local Complications—Complications in Bone Healing. Rockwood &
Green’s Fractures in Adults, Sixth Edition. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2005:584-593.
Rompe J, Furia J, Maffulli N. Eccentric Loading Compared with Shock Wave Treatment for Chronic Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy;
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 2008: 90(1)
Ropper AH, Samuels MA, "Chapter 11. Pain in the Back, Neck, and Extremities" (Chapter). Ropper AH, Samuels MA: Adams and
Victor's Principles of Neurology, 9e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3631240.
Rosenberg GA, Sferra JJ. Treatment Strategies for Acute Fractures in Non-Unions of the Proximal Fifth Metatarsal. Journal of the
American Academy of Orthopedic Surgery. 2000:8(5):332.
Rubin E, Reisner H: Bones and Joints. Essentials of Rubin's Pathology,5th ed. 2009. Lippinocott, Williams & Wilkins,
Philadelphia, p.567-69.
Saltzman CL, et al, Prospective Control Trial of STAR Total Ankle Replacement versus Ankle Fusion: Initial Results. Foot and Ankle
International 2009 30 (7): 579-96.
Sammarco GJ. Rehabilitation of the Foot and Ankle. C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1995 Applied Knowledge of Prosthetics, Foot and
Ankle:core Knowledge in Orthopedics by Chris DiGiovanni 2007.
Schepsis A, Busconi B. Stress fractures. Sports Medicine. Lippncott, Williams & Wilkins: 2006 p113
Schweitzer M, Karasick D. Review: MR Imaging Disorders of the Achilles Tendon, American Journal of Roentgenology; 2000;
175(3):613-25.
Simonsen EB, Moesby LM, Hansen LD, Comins J, Alkjaer T. Redistribution of Joint Movements During Walking in Patients with DropFoot. Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon). 2010, November; 25(9):949-52.
Smith H. Physical medicine approaches to pain management, Current Therapy in Pain. Saunders,2009:p 535.
Speed A: Fortnightly Review: Corticosteriod injections in tendon lesions. BMJ 2001:Aug 323(7309), p. 382-86.
Stannard J, Schmidt A, Kregor P. “Ankle Fractures and Dislocations”, Surgical Treatment of Orthopaedic Trauma, Thieme, 2007:792811.
Stannard J, Schmidt A, Kregor P. “Foot Fractures ”, Surgical Treatment of Orthopaedic Trauma, Thieme,2007:815-25.
Starkey C, Johnson G and AAOS. Foot, ankle and leg injuries. Athletic Training and Sports Medicine. Jones and Barlett: 2006 p65-122.
Steheli L. Clubfoot: Ponseti Management 3ed, Journal Bone and Joint Surgery (Am) 2008; 90(11):2313-21
Surgery of the Foot and Ankle, Eighth Edition, Michael J Coughlin MD, Roger A Mann MD, and Charles L Saltzman MD. Elsevier,
2011.
Sussman C, Bates-Jensen B. Management of Scar. Wound Care: a collaborative practice manual for health professionals, 3 rd ed.
Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins 2007:p.313-317.
Sutaria S, Katbamna R, Underwood M. Effectiveness of interventions for the treatment of acute and prevention of recurrent gout-a
systemic review. Br Soc of Rheumatology. 2006;45(11):1422-1431
Tan J. Orthoses. Practice Manual of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006; Mosby:197-243.
Terkeltaub R, EdwardsNL. Management of Acute Gouty Arthritis. Gout:Diagnosis and management of gouty arthritis and
hyperuricemia. 2010. Professional Communication Inc. p111-125.
Thordarson D. Foot and ankle trauma. Foot and Ankle. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2004 p305.
Thordarson D. “Tendon Disorders” Foot and Ankle 2 ed, Lippincott, Williams & Wlkins, 2004:153-81.
Tollafield DR and Merriam LM. Clinical Skills in Treating the Foot. Churchill Livingstone, 1997
Trott AT, Trott A. Decisions before closure: Timing, debridement and consultation. Wounds and Lacerations:Emergency Care and
Closure, Elsevier Mosby 2005 p110-112.
Twaddle BC, Amendola A. Compartment Syndrome in: Browner BD, Jupiter JB, Levine AM, Trafton PG,
Krettek C, Editors, Skeletal Trauma, Fourth Edition, Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008: Chapter 13.
Twersky R, Philip B. Sickle cell disease. Handbook of Ambulatory Anesthesia. Springer 2008:p110-111.
Valmassy, RL. Clinical Biomechanics of the Lower Extremities. Mosby, St. Louis, 1996
Veves A, Giurini J, LoGerfo F. “Charcot Changes in the Diabetic Foot”.The Diabetic Foot, Medical and Surgical Management,Humana
Press; 2002:221-45.
Weber J, Vidt L, Gehl R, Montgomery T: Calcaneal Stress Fractures Clin Podiatr Med Surg Jan: 22(1) 2005 p.45-54
Whittle, M Gait Analysis: an introduction 3rd ed. 2002 Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, Chapter 2 page 68
Wolfson A. Trauma: ankle and foot injuries Harwood-Nuss Clinical practice of emergency medicine, 5th ed. Lippinocott,
Williams&Wilkins, 2010:p304-316
Wood L, Winter R, Morrissy R, Weinstein S: “The Foot” Lovell & Winters Pediatric Orthopaedics 6 ed, Lippincott, Williams& Wilkins
2005: 1257-1329.
Wulker N, Stephens M, Cracchio A. An Atlas of foot and ankle surgery. Midfoot fractures and dislocations. Mosby, St. Louis, 1998
Chapter 20, p144.
Wulker N, Stephens M, Cracchiolo A. Ankle joint replacement. An Atlas of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 2nd ed. Taylor & Francis,
2005:p362.
Youdas JW, Kotajarvi BJ, Padgett DJ, Kaufman KR: Partial weight bearing gait using conventional assistive devices. Arch Phys Med
Rehabil 2005: 86(3): 394-398
Suggested Readings – Surgical Criteria
Aboulafia, David M; Kaposi’s sarcoma; Clinics in Dermatology; May 2001 (Vol. 19, Issue 3, Pages 269-283)
Agir H, Sen C, Onyedi M. Extended Lateral Supramalleolar Flap for Very Distal Foot Coverage: A Case With Arteriovenous
Malformation; Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery July 2007 (Vol. 46, Issue 4, Pages 310-313)
Alter, Scott A., Sprinkle, Roy W., Brodie's abscess: A case report; Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 1995 (Vol. 34, Issue 2,
Pages 208-214)
Amin, MU, Shafique, M, Jalil, J, Nafees, M, Khan, S., Brodie's abscess--an uncommon cause of leg pain. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2008
Mar;18(3):183-4.
Armstrong DG, Lavery, LA; Diabetic Foot Study Consortium. Negative pressure wound therapy after partial diabetic foot amputation:
a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 1704-10.
Asirvatham R, Stevens, PM: Idiopathic forefoot adduction deformity: Medial capsulotomy and abductor hallucis lengthening for
resistant and severe deformities. J Pediatr Orthop 1997;17:496.
Atnip, Robert G.; Toe and Partial Foot Amputations Operative Techniques in General Surgery; June 2005 (Vol. 7, Issue 2, Pages 67-73)
Bamberger DM., Diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis. Compr Ther. Summer 2000;26(2):89-95.
Banks AS, Downey MS, Martin DE, Miller S, eds. McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery. 3rd ed. New York:
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2001.
Bark SE, Keplinger LM, Meyr AJ. Precise Intraoperative 60° Skin Z-plasty, 01 February 2010 Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March
2010 (Vol. 49, Issue 2, Pages 191-193)
Basile P, Cook EA, Cook JJ. Immediate Weight Bearing Following Modified Lapidus Arthrodesis , 20 July 2010
Bellew SG, Quartarolo N, Janniger CK. Childhood warts: an update. Cutis. 2004;73: 379-384.
Bennell, K. L., S. A. Malcolm, S. A. Thomas, et al. Risk factors for stress fractures in track and field athletes. A twelve-month
prospective study. Am. J. Sports Med. 24:810-818, 1996
Bennett DR, Wasson D, MacArthur JD, McMillen MA. The effect of misdiagnosis and delay in on clinical outcome in melanomas of
the foot. J Am Coll Surg 1994 Sep; 179(3):279-84.
Bevilacqua NJ, Rogers LC, DellaCorte MP, Armstrong DG. The narrowed forefoot at 1 year: an advanced approach for wound closure
after central ray amputations. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. Jan 2008;25(1):127-33
Bibbo C, Brueggeman J. Prevention and Management of Complications Arising from External Fixator. JFAS 49 (2010):87-92
Blitz NM. The Versatility of the Lapidus Arthrodesis; Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery July 2009 (Vol. 26, Issue 3, Pages 427441)
Blitz NM, Shannon M. Rush; The Gastrocnemius Intramuscular Aponeurotic Recession: A Simplified Method of Gastrocnemius
Recession; Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery; March 2007 (Vol. 46, Issue 2, Pages 133-138)
Blume PA, Moore JC, Novicki DC. Digital mucoid cyst excision by using the bilobed flap technique and arthroplastic resection. J Foot
Ankle Surg. Jan-Feb 2005;44(1):44-8
Bolland BJ, Sauvé PS, Taylor GR. Rheumatoid Forefoot Reconstruction: First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion Combined with Weil’s
Metatarsal Osteotomies of the Lesser Rays Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 2008 (Vol. 47, Issue 2, Pages 80-88)
Bong MR, Kummer FJ, Koval KJ, Egol KA. Intramedullary Nailing of the Lower Extremity: Biomechanics and Biology J Am Acad Orthop
Surg, Vol 15, No 2, February 2007, 97-106
Bouché RT, Heit EJ. Combined plantar plate and hammertoe repair with flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer for chronic, severe
sagittal plane instability of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints: preliminary observations. J Foot Ankle Surg. MarApr 2008;47(2):125-37
Brandt LJ, Prather CM, Quigley EMM, et al. Systematic review on the management of constipation in North America. Am J
Gastroenterol 2005;100(Suppl 1):S5-22.
Bratzler DW, Dellinger EP, Olsen KM, Perl TM, Auwaerter PG, Bolon MK,
Fish DN, Napolitano LM, Sawyer RG, Slain D, Steinberg JP, Weinstein RA.
Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery. Am J
Health-Syst Pharm. 2013; 70:195-283
Brown, O L, Dirschl D R, Obremskey W T Incidence of hardware-related pain and its effect on functional outcomes after open
reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures.J Orthop Trauma;May 2001 (Vol. 15, Issue 4, Pages 271-4)
Brunner CF, Weber BG. Special Techniques in Internal Fixation. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;. 1982
Bryant AR, Tinley P, Cole JH. Plantar Pressure and Radiographic Changes to the Forefoot After the Austin Bunionectomy. J Am
Podiatr Med Assoc 2005 95: 357-365
Buddecke DE, Polk MA, Barp EA. Metatarsal Fractures; Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery ; ctober 2010 (Vol. 27, Issue 4,
Pages 601-624)
Burris JM, et al. Perioperative atrial arrhythmias in noncariothoracic patients: a review of risk factors and treatment strategies in the
veteran population. Am J Surg. 2010 Nov;200(5):601-5
Carpenter B, Smith J, Motley T, Garrett. Surgical treatment of hallux rigidus using a metatarsal head resurfacing implant: mid-term
follow-up. A. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2010 Jul-Aug; 49(4):321-5.
Chang, TJ. Master Techniques in Foot and Ankle Surgery, Lippincott Williams and Willkins, 2004
Choi HIK, Mount DB, Reginato AM. Pathogenesis of gout. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143(7):499-516.
Clemens MW, Parikh P, Hall MM, Attinger CE. External fixators as an adjunct to wound healing. Foot Ankle Clin. Mar 2008;13(1):14556.
Cohen BE, Ogden F. Medial column procedures in the acquired flatfoot deformity. Foot Ankle Clin. Jun 2007;12(2):287-99, vi.
Cohen BE. Hallux Sesamoid Disorders;Foot and Ankle Clinics;March 2009 (Vol. 14, Issue 1, Pages 91-104)
Conduah, Vyas S, Vyas A, Otsuka N,. The role of 1st metatarsocuneiform joint in juvenile hallux valgusVS. NY. J Pediatric Orthop B.
2010 Sep; 19(5):399-402
Coughlin M. Second metatarsophalangeal joint instability in the athlete. Foot and Ankle 1993, 14:309.
Crawford, ME and Dockery GL. Use of Z-skin plasty in scar revisions and skin contractures of the lower extremity. J Am Podiatr Med
Assoc 1995 85: 28-35.
Daniel CR 3rd, Daniel MP, Daniel CM, et al. Chronic paronychia and onycholysis: a thirteen year
experience. Cutis. Dec 1996;58(6):397-401
Davison ST, Reisman NR, Pellegrino ED, Larson EE, Dermody, Hutchison PJ. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Complications
and Outcome of Orthopaedic Surgery. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1996 Nov; 4(6): 297-304.
Day FN, Ruggieri C, Britton C. Recurrent osteochondroma Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 1998 (Vol. 37, Issue 2, Pages 162164)
Dellinger PT, et al. Quality Standard for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgical Procedures. CID 1994:18:422-7.
Delmonte GD, Catanzariti R, Hofbauer AR, Modified Lapidus arthrodesis for adolescent hallux abducto valgus. J Foot Ankle Surg
38:8–13, 1999.
Devereaux PJ, et al. Characteristics and Short-term Prognosis of Perioperative Myocardial Infarction in Patients Undergoing
Noncardiac Surgery. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:523-528.
Devos, Bevernage B, Leemrijse T. Hallux Varus: classification and treatment. Foot Ankle Clin. 2009 Mar;14(1):51-65
DiGiovanni CW. Fractures of the navicular. Foot and Ankle Clinics March 2004 (Vol. 9, Issue 1, Pages 25-63)
Downey AS, MS, Martin DE, Miller S, eds. McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery. 3rd ed. New York:
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2001
Downey MS, Lamm BM. Metastatic Malignant Melanoma to the foot and ankle: A review of the literature and case report ; Journal
of Foot and Ankle Surgery November 2000 (Vol. 39, Issue 6, Pages 392-401)
Dutton RP, Carson JL. Indications for early red blood cell transarthrodesis. J Trauma. Jun 2006;60:S35-S40.
Easley M. Medicolegal aspects of foot and ankle surgery. Clin Orthop Rel Res 433:77-81, 2005.
Evans AM. The flat-footed child - to treat or not to treat: what is the clinician to do? J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. SepOct 2008;98(5):386-93
Feibel JB, Tisdel CL, Donley BG. Lesser metatarsal osteotomies: A biomechanical approach to metatarsalgia; Foot and Ankle Clinics;
September 2001 (Vol. 6, Issue 3, Pages 473-489)
Feliciano DV, Cruse PA, Spjut-Patrinely V, et al. Fasciotomy after trauma to the extremities. Am J Surg. Dec 1988;156(6):533-6.
Feller I, Tholen D, Cornell RG. Improvements in burn care, 1965 to 1979. JAMA 1980; 244:2074-78.
Ferran N, Antonio N, Maffulli F. Oliva Maleagement of Recurrent Subluxation of the Peroneal Tendons.; Foot and Ankle Clinics.
September 2006 (Vol. 11, Issue 3, Pages 465-474)
Ferroudji, M, Spaas F, Martens M Rerouting operation for recurrent dislocationof the peroneal tendons by the Pöll and Duijfjes
procedure. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2003 (Vol. 9, Issue 2, Pages 103-108)
Fetzer GB, Wright RW. Metatarsal Shaft Fractures and Fractures of the Proximal Fifth Metatarsal; Clinics in Sports Medicine; January
2006 (Vol. 25, Issue 1, Pages 139-150)
Fleisher LA, et al. Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Care for Noncardiac Surgery: Executive Summary.
Circulation 2007;116:1971-1996. ACC/AHA 2007
Ford LA, Hamilton GA. Procedure Selection for Hallux Valgus Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery July 2009 (Vol. 26, Issue 3,
Pages 395-407)
Forte ML, Virnig BA, Eberly LE, Swiontkowski MF, Feldman R, Bhandari M, Kane RL. Provider Factors Associated with Intramedullary
Nail Use for Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American). 2010;92:1105-1114.
Gaines RJ, Dunbar RP. The use of surgical drains in orthopedics. Orthopedics 2008 Jul;3(7):702-5.
Gang Zhao, Cao Xue-Cheng, Sang Cheng-Lin, Zheng Jin-long, Cai Jin-Fang Application of a Fasciocutaneous Free Flap for Treatment of
a Severe Soft Tissue Injury of the Foot and Ankle: A Case Report; Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery11 September 2009
Gerbert J. McGlamry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and ankle Surgery. Banks, Downey, Martin, Miller. Lippincot Williams and
Wilkins. 2001. Lesser Forefoot Surgery. Data Trace Publishing 2010
Gerbert J, ed. Textbook of Bunion Surgery. 4th ed. Data Trace Publishing Company; 2013 updated edition
Gerbert J, ed. Textbook of Bunion Surgery. 2nd ed. Mt Kisco, NY: Futura Publishing Company; 1991
Gerritsma-Bleeker, Joost Carina L E, Klaase M, Geelkerken Robert H, Hermales Jo, van Det Rob J Partial matrix excision or segmental
phenolization for ingrowing toenails. Arch Surg March 2002 (Vol. 137, Issue 3, Pages 320-5)
Giorgini RJ, Rostkowski T, Japour C. Desyndactylization of the First and Second Toes Using Full-Thickness Autologous Skin Graft from
the Ankle. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2006 96: 513-517
Glaser, DL. Dormales JP, Stanton RP, Davidson RS Surgical Maleagement of Calcaneal Unicameral Bone Cysts. Clin Ortop Related
Res. 1999 Mar;(360):231-7.
Goodnough LT, et al. Detection, evaluation, and management of preoperative anaemia in the elective orthpaedic surgical patient:
NATA guidelines. Fever—an update. Becker JH, Wu SC. JAPMA. 2010 Jul-Aug; 100(4):281-90. British Journal of Anaesthesia 106 (1):
13-22. 2011.
Greenbaum AR, Horton JB, Williams CJ, et al. Burn injuries inflicted on children or the elderly: a framework for clinical and forensic
assessment. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;118:46-58e
Griffiths, TA and Palladino SJ. M tatarsus adductus and selected radiographic measurements of the first ray in normal feet. J Am
Podiatr Med Assoc 1992 82: 616-622.
Grimes JS. Coughlin MJ. First MTP joint arthrodesis as treatment for failed hallux valgus surgery. Foot Ankle Int. 2006
Nov;27(11):887-93
Hamilton JW, Burdick Wagner J, BB, et al. Clinical evaluation of methylcellulose as a bulk laxative. Dig Dis Sci 1988;33:993-8.
Hansen ST. Functional reconstruction of the foot and ankle. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2000, pp. 235-236.
Hare GM, Baker JE, Pavenski K. Assessment and treatment of preoperative anemia: Continuing Professional Development. Can J
Anaesth. 2011 Apr 12
Harrison T, Fawzy E, Feroz D, Simon P; Prospective Assessment of Dorsal Cheilectomy for Hallux Rigidus Using a Patient-reported
Outcome Score , Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery May 2010 (Vol. 49, Issue 3, Pages 232-237)
Haverstock, Brent D., Mandracchia Vincent J. Cigarette smoking and bone healing: Implications in foot and ankle surgery Journal of
Foot and Ankle Surgery January 1998 (Vol. 37, Issue 1, Pages 69-74)
Haynie RL, Yakel J. Perioperative management of the rheumatoid patient. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 1996 (Vol. 35,
Issue 2, Pages 94-100)
Hesp WL, van der Werken C, Goris RJ. Lisfranc dislocations: fractures and/or dislocations through the tarso-metatarsal
joints. Injury. Jan 1984;15(4):261-6
Hetmale J, Myer KD. The Distal Metatarsal Osteotomy for the Treatment of Hallux Valgus Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
April 2005 (Vol. 22, Issue 2, Pages 143-167)
Himanshu S, Bhagat S, DeLeeuw J, Denolf F. In Vivo Comparison of Screw versus Palte and Screw Fixation for First
Metatarsophalangeal Arthrodesis: Does Augmentation of Internal Compression Screw Fixation Using a Semi- Tubular Plate Shorten
Time to Clinical and Radiologic Fusion of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint (MTPJ)? Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery January 2008
(Vol. 47, Issue 1, Pages 2-7)
Hochman LG. Paronychia: more than just an abscess. Int Journal of Dermatology. Jun 1995;34(6):385- 6.
Hodor, L and Dobbs BM. Pan metatarsal head resection. A review and new approach. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1983 73: 287-292.
Howe CR, Gardner GC, Kadel NJ. Perioperative Medication Management for the Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Am Acad
Orthop Surg 2006; 14: 544-551
Hulse N, Thomas A. Metatarsal Head Resection in the Rheumatoid Foot: 5 year Follow-Up With and Without Resection of the First
Metatarsal Head Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 2006 (Vol. 45, Issue 2, Pages 107-112)
Hyer CF, Glover JP, Berlet GC, Lee TH. Cost Comparison of Crossed Screws versus Dorsal Plate Construct for First
Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery January 2008 (Vol. 47, Issue 1, Pages 13-18)
IDSA Guidelines: http://www.idsociety.org/idsa_practice_guidelines/
Jacobs AM. Perioperative Management of the Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clinics in Podiatric Med Surg 27 (2010) 235-242
Jenkin WM. Approach to the Patient with Ankle and Foot Pain. In: Imboden JB, Hellman DB and Stone JH, editors. Current
Rheumatology Diagnosis and Treatment, Lange Medical Books 2004. Chapter 7 pp. 63-64.
Joby J, Malal G, Hegde G, Rupert D. Ferdinand Tarsal Joint Fusion Using Memory Compression Staples—A Study of 10 Cases; Journal
of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 2006 (Vol. 45, Issue 2, Pages 113-117)
Johnson, Justin T., Schuberth John M., Thornton Sean D., Christensen Jeffrey C. Joint Curettage Arthrodesis Technique in the Foot: A
Histological Analysis Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery September 2009 (Vol. 48, Issue 5, Pages 558-564)
Jones, Richard O., Payne Darren, Clark Brent A. Simple method of exacting a desired parabola for pan metatarsal head resection
Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery September 2002 (Vol. 41, Issue 5, Pages 342-345)
Joseph WS, Kosinski MA. Prophylaxis in lower-extremity infectious diseases. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. Oct 1996;13(4):647-60.
Joshi GP, et al. Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia Consensus Statement on Perioperative Blood Glucose Management in Diabetic
Patients Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery. Anesth Analg 2010;111:1378-87.
Kadoi Y. Anethetic considerations in diabetic patients. Part II: intraoperative and postoperative management of patient with
diabetes mellitus. J Anesth (2010) 24:748-756.
Kehlet H, Wilmore DW: Evidence-based surgical care and the evolution of fast track surgery. Ann Surg 248:189, 2008.
Kelsey R, Kor A, Cordano F. Hematogenous osteomyelitis of the calcaneus in children: Surgical treatment and use of implanted
antibiotic beads Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery November 1995 (Vol. 34, Issue 6, Pages 547-555)
Kempe, SA, Grapel D, and Hovanec P. A mathematical approach to closing base wedge osteotomy. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1984 74:
601-a-604-a.
Kernozek TW, Sterriker SA. Chevron (Austin) distal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus: comparison or pre and postsurgical
characteristics. Foot Ankle 23:503-508, 2002
Kernbach KJ. Tarsal Coalitions: Etiology, Diagnosis, Imaging, and Stigmata Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery; January 2010
(Vol. 27, Issue 1, Pages 105-117)
Kernbach KJ. Blitz Neal M., Rush Shannon M. Bilateral Single-stage Middle Facet Talocalcaneal Coalition Resection Combined with
Flatfoot Reconstruction: A Report of 3 Cases and Review of the Literature. Investigations Involving Middle Facet Coalitions—Part 1;
Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery May 2008 (Vol. 47, Issue 3, Pages 180-190)
Kivanc-Altunay I, Kumbasar E, Gokdemir G, Koslu A, Tekkesin M, Basak T. Unusual localization of multiple myxoid (mucous) cysts of
toes. Dermatol Online J. Jul 15 2004;10 (1):23
Kose, O, Okan AN, Durakbasa MO, Emrem K, NC Islam Fracture of the os trigonum: a case report Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery
2006;14 (3):354-6
Krannitz KW, Fong HW, Fallat LM, Kish J. The Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Radiographic Bone Healing After Elective Foot Surgery
Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery September 2009 (Vol. 48, Issue 5, Pages 525-527)
Kruijff S, van Det RJ, van der Meer GT, van den Berg I, van der Palen J, Geelkerken RH. Partial Matrix Excision or Orthonyxia for
Ingrowing Toenails Journal of the American College of Surgeons January 2008 (Vol. 206, Issue 1, Pages 148-153)
Kuykendall-Ivy TD, Johnson SM. Evidence-based review of management of nongenital cutaneous warts. Cutis. 2003;71: 213-222.
La Fontaine J, Brown D, Adams M, VanPelt M. New and Recurrent Ulcerations after Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Lengthening in
Transmetatarsal Amputation Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery May 2008 (Vol. 47, Issue 3, Pages 225-229)
Lagaay PM, Hamilton GA, Ford LA, Williams ME, Rush SM, Schuberth JM. Rates of revision surgery using Chevron-Austin osteotomy,
Lapidus arthrodesis, and closing base wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity. J Foot Ankle Surg. JulAug 2008;47(4):267-72.
Larmon WA, James KF. The Surgical Maleagement of Chronic Tophaceous Gout, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 1958;40:743-772.
Lehnert B, Gosch C, Sims GE. A plantar approach for fixation of subtalar joint arthrodesis Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery January
2004 (Vol. 43, Issue 1, Pages 67-69)
Lemon B, Burns R. Malignant Melanoma: A literature review and case presentation Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery January 1998
(Vol. 37, Issue 1, Pages 48-54)
Levitsky KA, Alman BA, Jevsevar DS, Morehead J. Digital nerves of the foot: anatomic variations and implications regarding the
pathogenesis of interdigital neuroma. Foot Ankle. May 1993; 14(4):208-14.
Leyes M, Torres R, Guillén P. Complications of open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures; Foot and Ankle Clinics; March
2003 (Vol. 8, Issue 1, Pages 131-147)
Lipsky BA, Berendt AR, Cornia PB, Pile JC, Peters EJG, Armstrong DG, Deery HG, Embil JM, Joseph WS, Karchmer AW, Michael S.
Pinzur MS, Senneville E. 2012 Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaClinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of
Diabetic Foot Infections. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2012;54(12):132–173
MacFarlane DF. Current techniques in skin grafting. Adv Dermatol. 2006;22:125-38.
Mah CD, Banks AS. Immediate Weight Bearing Following First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion with Kirschner Wire Fixation ,
Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery November 2008
Makwana NK, Marck R, van Liefland MR. Injuries of the midfoot. Current Orthopaedics. June 2005 (Vol. 19, Issue 3, Pages 231-242
Meszaros A. Gage C. The Surgical Management of Equinus in the Adult Acquired Flatfoot; Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery;
October 2007 (Vol. 24, Issue 4, Pages 667-685)
Miller WE, Lichtblau PO: The smashed heel. South Med J 58:1229-1237, 1965
Miller WE: Pain and impairment considerations following treatment of disruptive os calcis fractures. Clin Orthop 177:82-86, 1983
Montgomery F, Fioriti A. Piezogenic pedal papules: treated by resection and hernial closure The Foot; September 1998 (Vol. 8, Issue
3, Pages 171-172)
Morgan A, Kim PS, Christman RA. Radiographic Anatomy of the Talus J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2003 93: 449-480.
Mowlavi A, Schall J, Wilhelmi BJ. Extensor hallucis longus tenorrhaphy by using the Massachusetts General Hospital repair Journal of
Foot and Ankle Surgery November 2004 (Vol. 43, Issue 6, Pages 412-418)
Mulier T, Reynders P, Sioen W, van den Bergh J, de Reymaeker G, Reynaert P, Broos P The Treatment of Lisfranc Injuries Acta
Orthopaedica Belgica 63(2):82-90, 1997
Muller ME, Allgower JM, Schneider R, Willenegger , H. Manual of Internal Fixation, 3rd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 1992
Murdoch G, Wilson AB Jr, eds. Amputation: Surgical Practice and Patient Management. St Louis, Mo: Butterworth-Heinemann
Medical; 1996.
Myerson MS, Jung HG. The role of toe flexor-to-extensor transfer in correcting metatarsophalangeal joint instability of the second
toe. Foot Ankle Int 2005; 26(9):675-9.
Ng JC, Swain S, Dowling JP, Wolfe R, Simpson P, Kelly JW; The Impact of Partial Biopsy on Histopathologic Diagnosis of Cutaneous
Melanoma: Experience of an Australian Tertiary Referral Service; Arch Dermatol. 2010;146:234-239
Nicholas C, Silhanek AD, Connolly FG, Lombardi CM. The Effect of First Metatarsophalangeal Arthrodesis on Transverse Plane
Deviation of the Second Toe: A Retrospective Radiographic Study Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery September 2005 (Vol. 44, Issue
5, Pages 365-376)
Nichols RL. Surgical wound infection. Am J Med 1991;91 Suppl 3B:54S-64.
O’Grady NP, et al. Practice Guidelines for Evaluating New Fever in Critically Ill Adult Patients. CID 1998; 26:1042-59.
Oguz P, Koray U, Kaya A, Korhan O, Ender U. Distal Tibial Epiphyseal Fracture (Tillaux) and Capsular Interposition, J Am Podiatr Med
Assoc 2009 99: 435-437.
Page JC, Critiquing clinical research of new technologies for diabetic foot wound management Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery July
2002 (Vol. 41, Issue 4, Pages 251-259)
Patel NN, Patel DN. Frostbite. The American Journal of Medicine. September 2008 (Vol. 121, Issue 9, Pages 765-766)
Payette CR, Sage RA, Gonzalez JV, Sartori M, Patwardhan A, Vrbos L. Triple Arthrodesis Stabilization: A quantitative analysis of screw
versus staple fixation in fresh cadaveric matched-pair specimens Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery November 1998 (Vol. 37, Issue 6,
Pages 472-480)
Pengo U, et al. Standardized Low Molecular-Weight Heparin Bridging Regimen in Outpatients on Oral Anticoagulants Undergoing
Invasive Procedure or Surgery. Circulation 2009;119:2920-2927.
Perez HR, Reber LK, Christensen JC. The Role of Passive Plantar Flexion in Floating Toes Following Weil Osteotomy Journal of Foot
and Ankle Surgery; November 2008 (Vol. 47, Issue 6, Pages 520-526)
Perron AD, Brady WJ, Miller MD. Orthopedic pitfalls in the ED: osteomyelitis. Am J Emerg Med. Jan 2003;21(1):61-7.
Pfaff JA, Moore GP. Reducing risk in emergency department wound management. Emerg Med Clin North Am. Feb 2007;25(1):189201.
Pham TN, Cancio LC, Gibran NS: American Burn Association Practice Guidelines Burn Shock Resuscitation. J Burn Care Res 2008;
29:257–266
Pierce LA. Taking the OR to the office. Prevention and early detection of postsurgical hematomas. Plast Surg Nurs. 1995
Fall;15(3):160-181.
Pontious J, Brook JW, Hillstrom HJ. Tailor's bunion. Is fixation necessary? J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1996 86: 63-73
Prakash C, Puttaswamaiah R, Singh DM, Singh GS. Management of Complex Open Fracture Injuries of the Midfoot With External
Fixation, Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery September 2006 (Vol. 45, Issue 5, Pages 308-315)
Rahbari NN, Zimmerman JB, Schmidt T, et al: Meta-analysis of standard, restrictive, and supplemental fluid administration in
colorectal surgery. Br J Surg 96:331, 2009.
Rajamanickam A, Noor S, Usmani A.; Should an asymptomatic patient with an abnormal urinalysis (bacteriuria or pyuria) be treated
with antibiotics prior to major joint replacement surgery? Cleve Clin J Med. 2007 Sep;74 Suppl 1:S17-8.
Ratner D. Skin grafting. From here to there. Dermatol Clin. Jan 1998;16(1):75-90.
Resnick CD, Fallat LM. Puncture wounds: therapeutic considerations and a new classification. J Foot Surg. Mar-Apr 1990;29(2):14753.
Ritchard C. Rosen; Digital Amputations Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery July 2005 (Vol. 22, Issue 3, Pages 343-363)
Rockett MS, Goss Larry R. Midshaft First-Ray Osteotomies for Hallux Valgus; Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery;April 2005
(Vol. 22, Issue 2, Pages 169-195)
Roukis TS, Landsman AS. Hypermobility of the first ray: a critical review of the literature. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery
November 2003 (Vol. 42, Issue 6, Pages 377-390)
Roukis TS. Central Metatarsal Head-Neck Osteotomies: Indications and Operative Techniques; Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and
Surgery April 2005 (Vol. 22, Issue 2, Pages 197-222)
Roukis TS. The Need for Surgical Revision After Isolated Cheilectomy for Hallux Rigidus: A Systematic Review. Journal of Foot and
Ankle Surgery September 2010 (Vol. 49, Issue 5, Pages 465-470)
Roukis TS. Outcomes after Cheilectomy with Phalangeal Dorsiflexory Osteotomy for Hallux Rigidus: A Systematic Review. Journal of
Foot and Ankle Surgery September 2010 (Vol. 49, Issue 5, Pages 479-487)
Rush SM, Christensen JC, Johnson CH. Biomechanics of the first ray. Part II: Metatarsus primus varus as a cause of hypermobility. A
three-dimensional kinematic analysis in a cadaver model; Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 2000 (Vol. 39, Issue 2, Pages 6877)
Rush SM, Hamilton GA, Ackerson LM. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Allograft in Revision Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Clinical and
Radiographic Analysis Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 2009 (Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages 163-169)
Gohara SA, Janki AP. The Basic Z-Plasty Am Fam Physician. 2003 Jun 1; 67(11):2329-2332.
Salasche SJ, Bernstein G, Senkarik M, eds. Surgical Anatomy of the Skin. Norwalk, Conn: Appleton & Lange; 1988
Sammarco VJ, Acevedo J. Stability and fixation techniques in first metatarsal osteotomies. Foot and Ankle Clinics; September 2001
(Vol. 6, Issue 3, Pages 409-432)
Savage P. Malignant Melanoma (non-metastatic). Clinical Evidence 2007;2007:1705
Saxena A, Krisdakumtorn T; Return to activity after sesamoidectomy in athletically active individuals, Foot Ankle Int., May 2003
(Vol. 24, Issue 5, Pages 415-9)
Schepers T, Esther M, van Lieshout M, Ginai AZ, Mulder PGH, Heetveld MJ, Patka P. Calcaneal Fracture Classification: A Comparative
Study. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery March 2009 (Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages 156-162)
Schnirring-Judge M, Visser J. Resection and Reconstruction of an Osteochondroma of the Hallux: A Review of Benign Bone Tumors
and a Description of an Unusual Case. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery July 2009 (Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages 495-505)
Schoen NS, Gottlieb LJ, Zachary LS. Distribution of pedal burns by source and depth. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery May 1996
(Vol. 35, Issue 3, Pages 194-198)
Schon LC: Decision-making for the athlete: the leg, ankle, and foot in sports. In Myerson MS (ed), Foot and Ankle Disorders, WB
Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 2000.
Schuberth JM, Reilly CH, and Gudas CJ The closing wedge osteotomy. A critical analysis of first metatarsal elevation J Am Podiatr
Med Assoc 1984 74: 13-24.
Schwartz RA, Micali G, Nasca MR, Scuderi L. Kaposi’s sarcoma: A continuing conundrum Journal of the American Academy of
Dermatology August 2008 (Vol. 59, Issue 2, Pages 179-206)
Schweinberger MH, Roukis TS. . The effectiveness of physician directed external fixation pin site care in preventing pin site infection
in a high risk patient population. Foot Ankle Spec 2008Aug;1(4):218-21.
Scurran BL. Foot and Ankle Trauma. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1996.
Selner AJ, Selner MD, Cyr RP, Wanlop N. Revisional Hallus Abducto Valgus Surgery Using Tricorrectional Bunionectomy. J Am Podiatr
Med Assoc 2004 94: 341-346
Sheridan GW, Matsen FA 3rd. Fasciotomy in the treatment of the acute compartment syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg
Am. Jan 1976;58(1):112-5
Shurnas P, Coughlin M. Recall of the risks of forefoot surgery after informed consent. Foot and Ankle Int 24(12):904-8, 2003.
Shrum, DG, Sprandel DC, and Marshall H Triplanar closing base wedge osteotomy for tailor's bunion. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1989
79: 124-127
Simon, WH, Floros R, Schoenhaus H, and Jay RM Juvenile fracture of tillaux. A distal tibial epiphyseal fracture. J Am Podiatr Med
Assoc 1989 79: 295-299.
Singh N, Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA. Preventing Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes. JAMA 2005;293:217-28
Stapp MD, Taylor RP. Edema, Hematoma, and Infection. In: Banks AS, Downey MS, Martin DE, Miller SJ, eds. McGlamry’s
Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001:1997-2015.
Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Everett ED, Dellinger P, Goldstein EJC, Gorbach SL, Hirschmann JV, Kaplan EL, Montoya JG, Wade
JC. Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2005;
41:1373–406
Stone DA, Kamenski R, Shaw J, Nachazel KMJ, Conti SF, Fu FH: Dance. In Fu FH, Stone DA (eds), Sports Injuries, 2nd Ed, Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2001.
Subramaleian K, Zubairy AI, Geary NPJ. Frost bite in both feet—conservative approach. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2003 (Vol. 9, Issue 3,
Pages 183-186)
Sullivan MR. Hallux Rigidus: MT implant arthroplasty Foot Ankle Clin. 2009 Mar;14(1):33-42.
Tanaka KA, Key NS, Levy JH. Blood Coagulation: Hemostasis and Thrombin Regulation. Anesth Analg 2009;108:1433-46.
Tandeter HB, Shvartzman P. Acute ankle injuries: clinical decision rules for radiographs. Am Fam Physician. Jun 1997;55(8):2721-8.
Thomas JL, Blitch EL, Chaney MD, Dinucci KA, Eickmeier K, Rubin LG, Stapp MD, Vanore JV. Diagnosis and Treatment of Forefoot
Disorders. Section 1: Digital Deformities Clinical Practice Guideline Forefoot Disorders Panel, Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery
March 2009 (Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages 230-238)
Ton E, Kruize AA. How to perform and analyse biopsies in relation to connective tissue diseases; Best Practice & Research Clinical
Rheumatology; April 2009 (Vol. 23, Issue 2, Pages 233-255)
Trnka HJ, Gebhard C, Muhlbauer M, et al. The Weil osteotomy for treatment of dislocated lesser metatarsophalangeal joints: good
outcome in 21 patients with 42 osteotomies. Acta Orthop Scand. Apr 2002;73(2):190Tseng JF, et al. Surgical Management of Primary Cutaneous Melanomas of the Hands and Feet. Annals of Surgery. 225(5):544-553.
Van Enoo RE, Cane EM, Tibial sesamoid planing for intractable plantar keratoses; Clin Podiatr Med Surg Jan 1991 (Vol. 8, Issue 1,
Pages 41-7)
Vanore JV, Christensen JC, Kravitz SR, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of first metatarsophalangeal joint disorders. Section 3: hallux
varus. J Foot Ankle Surg. May-Jun 2003;42(3):137-42.
Vanore JV, O'Keefe RG, Pikscher I.: Silastic Implant Arthroplasty: Complications and Their Classification. J. Amer. Podiatry Assoc. Vol.
74, No. 9, 423-433, 1984
Vanore JV, Montross W. First MTP joint implants, in McGlamry’s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 4th Edition,
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins., New York, 2009
Wagner BK, Martone JD, Conte H, Hill M, Karuna K. Complications of a Cat Bite. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2006 96: 455-457
Walsh SB, Unwin RJ; Clinical hypokalemia and hyperkalemia at the bedside. J Nephrol 2010 Nov-Dec;23 Suppl 16:S105-11
Weil JS Jr, Weil LR Sr, Chase K. Scarf osteotomy for the correction of adolescent hallux valgus. Foot Ankle Spec. 2010 Feb; 3(1):10-4.
Weinraub GM, Cheung C. Efficacy of allogenic bone implants in a series of consecutive elective foot procedures. Journal of Foot and
Ankle Surgery March 2003 (Vol. 42, Issue 2, Pages 86-89)
Wieske B, Wiebe DF, van Os JJ, Pilot P. A Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Treatment in Patients With Symptomatic Hallux Rigidus:
Long-Term Follow-Up. Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery July 2006 (Vol. 45, Issue 4, Pages 244-251)
Zielaskowski LA, Pontious J. Extensor Hallucis Longus Tendon Rupture Repair Using a Fascia Lata Allograft. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc
2002 92: 467-470.
Suggested Readings – Wound Care
Alavi, Afsaneh MD; Niakosari, Firouzeh MD, FRCPC; Sibbald, R. Gary BSc, MD, MEd, FRCPC (Med Derm), MACP, FAAD, FAPWCA When
to perform a biopsy on a Chronic Wound Advances in Skin & Wound Care pg. 132-140
Andersen, CA; Noninvasive assessment of lower-extremity hemodynamics in individuals with diabetes mellitus. JAPMA. 2010 SepOct; 100(5):406-11.
Aulivola B, Craig RM.; Decision making in the dysvacular lower extremity; Foot Ankle Clin. 2010 Sep; 15(3):391-409.
Cavanagh PR, Bus SA.; Off-loading the diabetic foot for ulcer prevention and healing; J Vasc Surg. 2010 Sep; 52(3 Suppl):37S-43S
Cornell RS, Meyr AJ, Steinberg JS, Attinger CE.; Debridement of the non-infected wound. J Vasc Surg. 2010 Sep; 53(3 suppl):31S-36S.
Cook J, Cook E, Landsman A, Basile P, Dinh T, Lyons T, Rosenblum B, Giurini J. A retrospective assessment of partial calcanectomies
and factors influencing postoperative course. JFAS 46(4):248-255, 2007.
Fleischer AE, Didyk AA, Woods JB, Burns SE, Wrobel JS, Armstrong DG. Combined clinical and laboratory testing improves diagnostic
accuracy for osteomyelitis in the diabetic foot. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2009 Jan-Feb; 48(1):39-46. Epub 2008 Nov 13.
Girish K Patel, Joseph E Grey, and Keith G Harding. ABC of Wound Healing: Uncommon Causes of Ulceration. BMJ. 2006 March 11;
332(7541): 594–596.
Goldman RJ. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for wound healing and limb salvage: a systematic review. PM R. 2009 May;1(5):471-89
Greenbaum AR, Horton JB, Williams CJ, et al. Burn injuries inflicted on children or the elderly: a framework for clinical and forensic
assessment. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006;118:46-58e
Joseph WS, Lipsky BA Medical therapy of diabetic foot infections. JAPMA 2010 Sep-Oct 100(5) 395-400
Kerr-Valentic MA, Samimi K, Rohlen BH, Agarwal JP, Rockwell WB. Marjolin’s ulcer: modern analysis of an ancient problem. Plastic
Reconstr Surg. 2009 Jan;123 (1):184-91.
Kirsner, Robert S., MD, PhD; Robert Warriner, MD; Michelle Michela, MS; Laure Stasik, BA; Katherine Freeman, PhD.: Advanced
Biologic Therapies for Diabetic Foot ulcers; ARCH DERMATOL/VOL 146 (NO. 8), AUG 2010
Kranke, P, Bennett, MH, et al, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Chronic Wounds. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004
Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Harkless LB. Classification of Diabetic foot wounds JFS. 1996;35(6):528-531
LeBrun E, Tomic-Canic M, Kirsner RS.The Role of Surgical Debridement in Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Wound Repair and
Regeneration, 2010;18:433-438.
Leibner ED, Brodsky JW, Pollo FE, Baum BS, Edmonds BW. Unloading mechanism in the total contact cast. Foot Ankle Int. 2006
Apr;27(4):281-5
Margolis, D, et al. Healing of Neuropathic Ulcers: Results of a Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Care 1999;22: 692-695.
Mueller et al, Effect of Achilles Tendon Lengthening on Neuropathic Plantar Ulcers JBJS, Vol 85A (8) August 2003
Murdoch DP, Armstrong DG, Dacus JB, Laughlin TJ, Morgan CB, Lavery LA. The Natural History of Great Toe Amputations. J Foot
Ankle Surg. 1997 May-Jun;36(3):204-8; discussion 256.
Page, Jeffrey C, Critiquing clinical research of new technologies for diabetic foot wound management Journal of Foot and Ankle
Surgery July 2002 (Vol. 41, Issue 4, Pages 251-259)
Palestro CJ, Love C. Nuclear medicine and diabetic foot infections. Semin Nucl Med. 2009 Jan; 39(1):52-65.
Piagessi A, Machiarini S, Rizzo L, et al.; An off-the-shelf instant contact casting device for the management of diabetic foot ulcers: a
randomized prospective trial versus traditional fiberglass cast. Diabetes Care. 2007 Mar; 30(3):586-90.
Pomposelli F.; Arterial Imaging in Patients with Lower-extremity Ischemia and Diabetes Mellitus. JAPMA 2010; 100(5): 412-423.
Rogers LC. Assessment of the diabetic foot. In Krasner DL et al. Chronic Wound Care 2007
Rogers LC, Bevilacqua NJ. The diagnosis of Charcot foot. Clin Pod Med Surg 2008;25:43-51
Ruangsetakit C, et al. Transcutaneous oxygen tension: a useful predictor of ulcer healing in critical limb ischemia. J Wound Care.
2010 May;19(5):202-6
Sella EJ, Grosser DM. Imaging modalities of the diabetic foot. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2003 Oct; 20(4):729-40.
Sheehan P, et al. Percent change in wound area of diabetic foot ulcers over a 4-week period is a robust predictor of complete
healing in a 12-week prospective trial. Diabetes Care 2003;26:1879
Singh N, Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA. Preventing Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes. JAMA 2005;293:217-28
Snyder RJ, Skin cancers and wounds in the geriatric population: a review. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2009 Apr; 55 (4):64-76.
Steed DL, Donohoe D, Webster M, Lindsley L. Effect of Extensive Debridement and Treatment on the Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers.
J. Am. Coll. Surg., 1996, 183: 61-64
Van Gent WB, Hop WC, van Praag MC, Mackaay AJ, deBoer EM, Witten CH Conservative versus surgical treatment of venous leg
ulcers.. J Vasc Surg. 2006 Sep; 44(3):563-71
Wagner FW. The Dysvascular Foot: a system for diagnosis and treatment. Foot and Ankle. 2:64-121, 1981.
Younger A, Awwad M, Kalla T, Vries G. Risk Factors for Failure of Transmetatarsal Amputation in Diabetic Patients: A Cohort Study.
Foot and Ankle International
1177-1182, 2009
Zagoren A. Nutritional assessment and intervention in the adult with a chronic wound. In Krasner D. et al Chronic Wound Care 2007