Spielvogel Chapter 18
Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: An Intellectual Revolution in the West
Focus Questions
 What did Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton contribute to a new vision of the universe, and how did their vision differ from the
Ptolemaic conception of the universe?
 Who were the leading figures of the Enlightenment, and what were their main contributions?
 What role did women play in the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment?
 How were the ideas of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment disseminated, and what impact did they have on society?
 How did popular culture and popular religion differ from high culture and institutional religion in the eighteenth century?
INTRODUCTION – is an OVERVIEW of the Chapter
The Scientific Revolution
 Background to the Scientific
Revolution
The Enlightenment
 Paths to Enlightenment
 The Philosophes and Their Ideas
 Toward a New Heaven: A
Revolution in Astronomy
o Toward a New “Science of
Man”
 The Breakthrough in Medicine
o The Later Enlightenment
 Women in the Origins of Modern
Science
 Toward a New Earth: Descartes,
Rationalism, and a New View of
Humankind
Culture and Society in an Age
of Enlightenment
Religion and the Churches
 Innovations in Art, Music, and
Literature
 Toleration and Religious
 High Culture
 Popular Religion in the
 Popular Culture
 Crime and Punishment
o The “Woman Question” in the
Enlightenment
 The Social Environment of the
Philosophes
 Science and Religion in the
Seventeenth Century
 The Spread of Scientific
Knowledge
Conclusion and TIMELINE
Minorities
Eighteenth Century