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The Nucleus 52, No. 1 (2015) 7-10
The Nucleus
ISS N 002 9-56 98 ( Pri nt)
www.TheNucleusPak.org.pk
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ISSN 2306-6539 (Online)
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Paper Template Format: The Title of the Manuscript is in Title Case
First Author1, Second Author2*, Third Author3
1First
Author Affiliation & Address
Author Affiliation & Address
3Third Author Affiliation & Address
2Second
1first.author@first.edu, 2second.author@second.com, 3third.author@third.edu
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received editorial office will write dates
Revised 17 October 2014
Accepted 20 March 2015
This document gives formatting guidelines for authors preparing papers for publication in “The
Nucleus”. The authors must follow the instructions given in the document for the papers to be
published. You can use this document as both an instruction set and as a template into which
you can type your own text. Keyword are your own designated keyword which can be used for
easy location of the manuscript using any search engines.
Keywords:
Keyword one
Keyword two
Keyword three
keyword four
1.
Introduction
This document is a template. An electronic copy can be
downloaded from the journal website. We ask that authors
follow some simple guidelines. In essence, we ask you to
make your paper look exactly like this document. The easiest
way to do this is simply to download the template, and
replace (copy-paste) the content with your own material.
2.
Prepare Your Paper Before Formatting
Before you begin to format your paper, first write and
save the content as a separate text file. Keep your text and
graphic files separate until after the text has been formatted
and styled. Do not use hard tabs, and limit use of hard returns
to only one return at the end of a paragraph. Do not add any
kind of pagination anywhere in the paper.
Finally, complete content and organizational editing
before formatting. Please take note of the following items
when proofreading spelling and grammar:
2.1 Abbreviations and Acronyms
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
used in the text, even after they have been defined in the
abstract. Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless
they are unavoidable.
2.2 Units
 Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units
are encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary
units (in parentheses). An exception would be the use of
English units as identifiers in trade, such as “3.5-inch disk
drive.”

 Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such as current in
amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This often leads
to confusion because equations do not balance
dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state
the units for each quantity that you use in an equation.
 Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use
“cm3,” not “cc.” (bullet list)
 Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of units:
“Wb/m2” or “webers per square meter,” not
“webers/m2.”
2.3 Equations
Number equations consecutively. Equation numbers,
within parentheses, are to position flush right, as in (1), using
a right tab stop. To make your equations more compact, you
may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate
exponents. Italicize Roman symbols for quantities and
variables, but not Greek symbols. Use a long dash rather than
a hyphen for a minus sign. Punctuate equations with commas
or periods when they are part of a sentence, as in




ab

Note that the equation is centered using a center tab stop.
Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined
before or immediately following the equation. Use “Eq. (1)”
not “(1)” or “equation (1)”.
2.4 Figures and Tables
Figures and tables must be centered in the column. Large
figures and tables may span across both columns. Any table
or figure that takes up more than 1 column width must be
positioned either at the top or at the bottom of the page.
Corresponding author
7
The Nucleus 52, No. 1 (2015) 7-10
Label your axes, include units
Graphics may be full color. Graphics must not use stipple
fill patterns because they may not be reproduced properly.
Please use only SOLID FILL colors which contrast well both
on screen and on a black-and-white hardcopy, as shown in
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2: Example of an unacceptable low-resolution image
Label your axes, include units
Fig. 1: A sample line graph using colors which contrast well both on screen
and on a black-and-white hardcopy
Fig. 2 shows an example of a low-resolution image which
would not be acceptable, whereas Fig. 3 shows an example
of an image with adequate resolution. Check that the
resolution is adequate to reveal the important detail in the
figure.
Please check all figures in your paper both on screen and
on a black-and-white hardcopy. When you check your paper
on a black-and-white hardcopy, please ensure that:
 the colors used in each figure contrast well,
 the image used in each figure is clear,
 all text labels in each figure are legible.
2.4.1 Figure Captions
Figures must be numbered using Arabic numerals. Figure
captions must be in 8 pt Regular font. Captions of a single
line (e.g. Fig. 2) must be centered whereas multi-line
captions must be justified (e.g. Fig. 1). Captions with figure
numbers must be placed after their associated figures, as
shown in Fig. 1. You should make sure that all figures are
legible and look good when printed in black & white.
In all figures, remove all unnecssary boxes, lines, marks,
etc. (there is a wonderful book by Edward Tufte, The Visual
Display of Quantitative Information , that contains a
fountain of valuable advice on how to construct effective
figures).
All figures must be legible, self-contained and look good
when photographed and reproduced to fit on a The Nucleus
page.
8
Fig. 3 Example of an image with acceptable resolution
Figures must be professionally drawn in black ink on
white paper or produced to equivalent standards on a high
quality laser printer. The figure axes (labeled in English),
and any symbols or notations that are part of the figure must
also be labeled by the artist. This does not include the figure
legend that will be typeset by the printer. All figures must be
sufficiently high quality to be photographed by the printer.
It often seems to authors (who, by definition, are
intimately familiar with the content and notation of their
paper) that these procedures are repetitive, obvious and
unnecessary. However, the vast majority of readers do not
read an article in great detail the first time; they usually skim
the abstract, and some parts of the introduction, tables, charts
and conclusions. Such readers become careful and serious
consumers of an article when something catches their
interest. Tables or figures that require incomplete reading of
the text to understand do not communicate much to the
skimming reader. It is a mistake to write only for the top
F. Author, S. Author and T. Author / The Nucleus 52, No. 1 (2015) 7-10
dozen or so people in a field. If the article is written so that
others can easily access the material, the top people also will
find it easier to digest. Therefore, the readership and impact
of the article will increase.
2.5 Tables
Tables must be inserted as given in Table 1 which
describe the font sizes referred against the text in the
manuscript.
the importance of the work or suggest applications and
extensions.
Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement heading is not numbered. The
preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgement” is with
an “e” after the “g.” Avoid the stilted expression “one of us
(R. B. G.) thanks ...”. Instead, try “R. B. G. thanks...”. Put
sponsor acknowledgments in the unnumbered footnote on
the first page.
Table 1: Font Sizes For Papers
Font
Size
8
9
10
11
14
3.
Appearance (in Time New Roman or Times)
Regular
Bold
Italic
table caption,
figure caption,
reference item
author email
abstract
address. affiliation body
level-2 heading
level-1
level-3
heading (in
heading
Small
Caps),
paragraph
author name
title
Some Common Mistakes
Here are some common mistakes.
 The word “data” is plural, not singular.
 The subscript for the permeability of vacuum 0, and
other common scientific constants, is zero with subscript
formatting, not a lowercase letter “o.”
 A graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert”.
 Do not use the word “essentially” to mean
“approximately” or “effectively.”
 In your paper title, if the words “that uses” can accurately
replace the word using, capitalize the “u”; if not, keep
using lower-cased.
 Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones
“affect” and “effect”, “complement” and “compliment”,
“discreet” and “discrete”, “principal” and “principle”.
 Do not confuse “imply” and “infer.”
 The prefix “non” is not a word; it should be joined to the
word it modifies, usually without a hyphen.
 There is no period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation
“et al.”
 The abbreviation “i.e.” means “that is” and the
abbreviation “e.g.” means “for example”.
4. Conclusion
A conclusion section is required. A conclusion may
review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the
abstract in the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on
References
The manuscript must be numbered consecutively and
citations of references in text should be identified using
numbers in square brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation
follows the bracket [2]. Refer simply to the reference
number, as in [3]—do not use “Ref. [3]” or “reference [3]”
except at the beginning of a sentence: “Reference [3] was the
first ...”. Two or more references must be cited as [4-6] if
their numbers are consecutive otherwise must be separated
by commas e.g. [2,4,5-6]. You must spell out the entire name
of each journal or conference that you refer. Don’t capitalize
“V” in vol for a journal. Only the author's initials are given,
regardless of the presentation of the author's name on the
journal article. If there are more than one authors add “and”
before the last author name.
[1]
A. A. Author of article, "Title of article", Title of Journal, vol. #, no.
#, pp. page number/s, Month year.
[2] J. R. Beveridge and E. M. Riseman, "How easy is matching 2D line
models using local search?" IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis
and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, pp. 564-579, June 1997.
[3] A. Author and B. Author of Paper, "Title of paper", in Title of
Published Proceedings: Proceedings of the Title of Conference:
Subtitle of conference, Month Date, Year, Location, A. Editor and B.
Editor, Eds. Place of publication: Publisher, Year. pp. inclusive page
numbers.
[4] L. Liu and H. Miao, "A specification based approach to testing
polymorphic attributes", in Formal Methods and Software
Engineering: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on
Formal Engineering Methods, ICFEM 2004, Seattle, WA, USA,
November 8-12, 2004, J. Davies, W. Schulte, M. Barnett, Eds. Berlin:
Springer, 2004. pp. 306-19.
[5] A. Author and B. Author of Paper, "Title of paper" in Proceedings of
the Title of Conference: Subtitle of conference, Month Date, Year,
Location. Place of publication: Publisher, Year. Available: Database
Name (if appropriate), internet address. [Accessed: date of access].
[6] J. Lach, "SBFS: Steganography based file system", in Proceedings of
the 2008 1st International Conference on Information Technology, IT
2008, 19-21 May 2008, Gdansk, Poland. Available: IEEE Xplore,
http://www.ieee.org. [Accessed: 10 Sept. 2010].
[7] A. A. Author, Title of the Book: Subtitle, Edition (if not the first), Vol.
(if a multivolume work). Place of publication: Publisher, Year, page
number(s) (if appropriate).
[8] D. Sarunyagate, Lasers, 2nd Ed.,New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.
[9] A. A. Author of Part, "Title of chapter or part", in Title: Subtitle of
book, Edition, vol., A. Editor, Ed. Place of publication: Publisher,
Year, pp. inclusive page numbers.
[10] G. O. Young, "Synthetic structure of industrial plastics", in Plastics,
2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 1564.
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The Nucleus 52, No. 1 (2015) 7-10
[11] Article Author AA. "Title of article", Title of Newspaper: Section, p.
inclusive page numbers, Month Date, Year.
[12] C. Wilson-Clark, "Computers ranked as key literacy", The West
Australian, para. 3, March 29, 2004. [Online]. Available:
http://www.thewest.com.au. [Accessed Sept. 18, 2004].
First A. Author and the other authors may include biographies at the end
of regular papers. The first paragraph may contain the author’s educational
background. The degrees should be listed with type of degree in what field,
which institution, city, state or country, and year. The author’s major field
of study should be in lowercase. Next membership to professional societies
may be listed.
10
The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or she) and
not the author’s last name. It lists military and work experience, including
summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles are capitalized. The current job must
have a location; previous positions may be listed without one. Information
concerning previous publications may be included. Current and previous
research interests ends the paragraph.
If a photograph is provided, the biography will be indented around
it. The photograph is placed at the top left of the biography. The final printed
size of an author photograph is 2.54 cm wide by 3.18 cm long. Personal
hobbies will be deleted from the biography.