Electronic Supplementary Information (ESM)
Table E1. Summary of meta-data sources used for Fig. 2 and subsequent multivariate analyses: 1 Temperature (T, ºC), 2 Irradiance (I, mol
photons m-2 s-1), 3 Additional food and/or particulate organic supplement (all other studies provide a ‘natural’ supply of food via water supply to
experimental systems from the associated reef or main aquaria system); 4 Inorganic nutrient addition (inorganic N and/or P); 5 Life History Stage
(Adult, Juvenile (sensu Edmunds 2011) or New Recruit supply; 6 pCO2 concentration (atm) for the elected control, or ‘ambient’ (A), and
treatments (T). Note that (i) categories 3 and 4 are based on varying concentrations between studies (that are rarely reported) and thus are simply
included here as a binary, Yes (Y) or No (N), function to indicate whether manipulations were used to increase the concentrations above
ambient, and (ii) * that mean hourly estimates were not reported but are based on (a) dawn-dusk cosine function weighted by the mean
maximum daily irradiance (ca. 950 mol photons m-2 s-1, Anthony et al. 2008; 260 mol photons m-2 s-1, Albright, pers. comm.) at noon, or (b)
daily integrated rates (mol photons m-2 d-1) adjusted to mol photons m-2 s-1 assuming a 12h light cycle (Langdon & Atkinson 2005). Note also
that data from one source (Hii et al. 2009) could not be included since the reported changes in the carbonate chemistry parameters (pH, HCO3-,
CO3-2 and CO2) did not equate to enable a derivation of values for pCO2.
Species
Acropora cervicornis
Acropora eurystoma
Acropora intermedia
Acropora muricata
Acropora palmata
Acropora sp.
Acropora verweyi
Astrangia poculata
Astrangia poculata
Cladocora caespitosa
T1
25
24
25, 28
27
28
27
27
26
16, 24
8 x 13-25
I2
250
340
585*
1343
160*
450
300
78
20
15, 30, 40, 60
F sup3
IN add4 LHS5
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
A
A
A
A
NR
A
A
A
A
A
A
364
315
300
413
436
360
412
390
394
425
pCO26
T
743
176, 227, 528, 889
613, 1180
336, 614, 801, 1134, 1441
559, 882
200, 280, 560, 1000
865
780
736
741
Citation
Renegar & Riegl 2005
Schneider & Erez 2006
Anthony et al. 2008
Chauvin et al. 2011
Albright et al. 2012
Gatusso et al. 1998
Marubini et al. 2003
Holcomb et al. 2010
Holcomb et al. 2012
Rodolfo-Metalpa et al. 2010
Favia fragum
Fungia fungites
Fungia paumotensis
Fungia repanda
Fungia scutaria
Galaxea fascicularis
Madracis auretenra
Montipora capitata
Montipora capitata
Oculina arbuscula
Pavona cactus
Pocillopora meandrina
Porites astreoides
Porites australiensis
Porites compressa
Porites compressa
Porites compressa
Porites lobata
Porites lutea
Porites lutea
Porites panamensis
Porites rus
Porites rus
Porites sp.
Porites sp.
Porites sp.
Stylophora pistillata
Stylophora pistillata
Stylophora pistillata
Stylophora pistillata
25, 29
25
25
25
25
27
28
23-27
27
25
27
27, 29
29
27
24
27
23-27
25, 28
25
25
29
27, 29
26, 29
25
26, 29
26, 29
27
27
25
25, 28
61
17
17
17
17
300
200
440, 925*
600
93
300
800
61
130
81, 150, 700
400
440, 925*
585*
17
13
135
800
600
200
600
600
450
300
200
380
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N, Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
NR
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
NR
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
NR
A
A
A
J
A
A
A
A
A
437
279
275
340
440
412
391
400
480
409
412
395
476
369
440
752
400
300
400
319
540
395
525
385
390
525
360
365
385
460
756, 1940
176, 707
160, 661
190, 746
195, 999
865
876, 1406
526, 768
750
606, 903, 2856
865
720
786, 1991
1307, 1997
186
3982
526, 768
613, 1180
226, 804
119, 186, 712
962, 1006
720
1046
1904, 3970
785
1046
200, 280, 560, 1000
99, 161, 233, 389, 602
1904, 3970
760
Du Patron et al. 2010
Hossain & Ohde 2006
Hossain & Ohde 2006
Hossain & Ohde 2006
Hossain & Ohde 2006
Marubini et al. 2003
Jury et al. 2010
Langdon & Atkinson 2005
Jokiel et al. 2008
Ries et al. 2009, 2010
Marubini et al. 2003
Muehllehner & Edmunds 2008
Du Patron et al. 2010
Iguchi et al. 2011
Marubini et al. 2001
Marubini & Atkinson 1999
Langdon & Atkinson 2005
Anthony et al. 2008
Hossain & Ohde 2006
Ohde & Hossain 2004
Anlauf et al. 2010
Muehllehner & Edmunds 2008
Edmunds et al. 2012
Krief et al. 2010
Edmunds 2011
Edmunds et al. 2012
Gatusso et al. 1998
Marubini et al. 2008
Krief et al. 2010
Reynaud et al. 2003
Turbinaria reniformis
27
300
N
N
A
412
865
Marubini et al. 2003
Table E2. Mean (± standard error; n = 4) of calcification and gross photosynthesis
rates measured under ambient light (GL, mol CaCO3 cm-2 h-1; PG, mol 2 cm-2 h-1),
the corresponding calcification(GD, mol CaCO3 cm-2 h-1) and respiration rate (RD,
mol 2 cm-2 h-1) measured in darkness; hence the extent of light enhanced
calcification (GL: GD, mol: mol) and the ratio of PG-to-RD (PG: RD, mol: mol). Growth
treatments are low light (LL, 100 mol photons m-2 s-1) versus high light (HL, 400
mol photons m-2 s-1) and ambient CO2 (A-CO2, 390 atm) versus intermediate CO2
(I-CO2, 725 atm).
Response
Treatment
A. horrida
P. cylindrica
GL
LL A-CO2
0.221 (0.053)
0.186 (0.016)
(mol CaCO3 cm-2 h-1)
LL I-CO2
0.111 (0.018)
0.026 (0.009)
HL A-CO2
0.376 (0.065)
0.456 (0.029)
HL I-CO2
0.340 (0.048)
0.217 (0.038)
GD
LL A-CO2
0.136 (0.009)
0.132 (0.003)
(mol CaCO3 cm-2 h-1)
LL I-CO2
0.068 (0.029)
0.017 (0.006)
HL A-CO2
0.237 (0.049)
0.330 (0.019)
HL I-CO2
0.126 (0.032)
0.085 (0.026)
GL: GD
LL A-CO2
1.654 (0.083)
1.416 (0.126)
(mol: mol)
LL I-CO2
1.676 (0.321)
1.514 (0.292)
HL A-CO2
1.587 (0.096)
1.385 (0.228)
HL I-CO2
2.689 (0.184)
2.553 (0.333)
PG
LL A-CO2
0.479 (0.071)
0.344 (0.047)
(mol O2 cm-2 h-1)
LL I-CO2
0.541 (0.084)
0.379 (0.123)
HL A-CO2
0.531 (0.101)
0.471 (0.072)
HL I-CO2
0.857 (0.128)
0.578 (0.085)
RD
LL A-CO2
0.184 (0.032)
0.167 (0.019)
(mol O2 cm-2 h-1)
LL I-CO2
0.178 (0.029)
0.162 (0.025)
HL A-CO2
0.198 (0.032)
0.186 (0.017)
HL I-CO2
0.193 (0.034)
0.166 (0.029)
PG: RD
LL A-CO2
2.609 (0.032)
2.078 (0.054)
(mol: mol)
LL I-CO2
3.048 (0.079)
2.387 (0.107)
HL A-CO2
2.705 (0.082)
2.291 (0.067)
HL I-CO2
4.455 (0.275)
3.503 (0.971)
Figure E1. Corresponding measures of coral calcification rates measured in darkness
(GD) and under ambient light (GL) from studies in Table S1 where both GL and GD
were measured for the same species and treatments (Acropora eurystoma; Schneider
& Erez 2006; Cladocera caespitosa, Rodolfo-Metalpa et al. 2010; Porites lutea, Ohde
& Hussain 2004, 2006; Fungia scutaria, Fungia repanda, Fungia fungites, Fungia
paumotensis, Ohde & Hussain 2006) (n=21). As with Fig. 1, GL, GD and  are
expressed as values determined for treatments (T) relative to the control (‘ambient’,
A; typically present day) conditions.
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