Removal of the Batavia Low-head Dam Pre and Post-Assessment
Name ___________________________________________________________ per _____
Score ______
1. The process in which sediment is laid down in new locations is called____.
a. mass movement b. deposition
c. weathering
d. slump
2. Gravity is the force that moves rocks and other materials downhill. Gravity causes mass movement
of eroded material. There are 4 types of mass movement. They are landslides, mudflows, slumps and
creeps. Describe each one in as much detail as you can.
landslides
mudflows
slumps
creeps
3. Runoff is water that moves over earth’s surface. Which factor has the least effect on run-off in
Batavia?
a. amount of rain
b. type of vegetation
c. type of soil d. temperature
4. A fast moving stream can carry more and larger particles. What size particles will drop first as the
stream slows down? How can this affect the velocity of a stream?
a. The smallest particles will drop out first when the stream slows down. As they accumulate on
the stream bed, the water will speed up.
b. The smallest particles will drop out first when the stream slows down. As they accumulate on
the stream bed, the water will slow down.
c. The largest particles will drop out first when the stream slows down. As they accumulate on
the stream bed, the water will slow down.
d. The largest particles will drop out first when the stream slows down. As they accumulate on
the stream bed, the water will speed up.
6. A straight stream runs the fastest in the center. Where would you expect eroded material to settle?
a. stream bed
b. sides of the stream
c. neither a nor b since the stream is running fast
d. both a and b since both places will have the same velocity
7. There is more sediment in the inside of a curve in a stream. Which part of the stream curve runs the
fastest?
a. The inside of the stream curve will run the fastest because the velocity of the stream is
higher there
b The inside of the stream curve will run the fastest because the velocity of the stream is lower
there
c. The outside of the stream curve will run the fastest because the velocity of the stream is
higher there
d. The outside of the stream curve will run the fastest because the velocity of the stream is
lower there
8. A stream’s volume of flow (discharge) is the amount of water moving past a point at a given time.
As more water flows through a stream, the speed increases. (think flood) As the volume increases
what would you expect to happen to the power of the stream to erode?
a. The power of the stream to erode would increase because there is more volume so the
amount of water flowing is higher. The stream would carry more and larger sediment.
b. The power of the stream to erode would increase because there is more volume so the
amount of water flowing is higher. The stream would carry less and smaller sediment.
c. The power of the stream to erode would decrease because there is more volume so the
amount of water flowing is higher. The stream would carry more and larger.
b. The power of the stream to erode would decrease because there is more volume so the
amount of water flowing is higher. The stream would carry less and smaller sediment.
9. Another factor that can affect then power of a stream to cause erosion is slope. Slope is the
amount the stream drops toward sea level in a given distance. Where do you think the slope is
greatest in a stream and why?
a. The slope is the greatest at the headwater/source because this is the beginning of the
stream, which is at a higher elevation. Streams flow from higher to lower elevation.
b. The slope is the greatest at the headwater/source because this is the end of the stream,
which is at a higher elevation. Streams flow from lower to higher elevation.
c. The slope is the greatest at the mouth because this is the beginning of the stream, which is
at a higher elevation. Streams flow from higher to lower elevation.
d. The slope is the greatest at the mouth because this is the beginning of the stream, which is at
a higher elevation. Streams flow from higher to lower elevation.
10. Friction between the water and the rocks can affect the speed of the stream. If a stream is deep,
not as much water touches the stream bed, so there is less friction. Which stream would have the
highest velocity and why?
a. A deep stream will have the fastest velocity because not as much water touching the stream
bed so there is less friction.
b. A deep stream will have the fastest velocity because not as much water touching the stream
bed so there is more friction.
c. A shallow stream will have the fastest velocity because not as much water touching the
stream bed so there is less friction.
d. A shallow stream will have the fastest velocity because not as much water touching the
stream bed so there is more friction.
11. Velocity is the speed of the water. The formula is
velocity (v) = distance traveled (d) ÷ time it takes to travel that distance(t) or v = d
t
You are standing next to a stream and see a ball float past you. It takes it 5 seconds to go 20 meters.
What is its velocity?
a. 100 m/sec
b. 25 m/sec
c. 15 m/sec
d. 4 m/sec
12. A turbulent stream has a lot of rocks and boulders causing the water to go in many directions.
Which is the best inference to explain how greater turbulence would affect the power of the stream in
regards to erosion.
a. The rocks and boulders would hit off of each other which would cause erosion on the
stream banks. The water going in many directions would erode the stream banks as well.
Therefore the power of erosion in a turbulent stream would be high.
b. The rocks and boulders would hit off of each other which would cause erosion on the
stream banks. The water going in many directions would erode the stream banks as well.
Therefore the power of erosion in a turbulent stream would be low.
c.
The water would lose energy as it causes the rocks and boulders to hit off of each other
which would cause less erosion on the stream banks. Therefore the power of erosion in a
turbulent stream would be low.
d.
The water would gain energy from the rocks as the rocks hit off of each other which would
cause more erosion on the stream bank. Therefore the power of erosion in a turbulent
stream would be high.
13. Identify each part of the streams below by writing the correct letters in the blanks next to the
words under the diagrams.
___mouth
___delta ___meander ___braided stream ___floodplain ___tributary
___oxbow lake
____alluvial fan ___ gullies ____source/headwater
___rills
14. Which statement about this graph is true?
http://md.water.usgs.gov/preview/deepcreek/stream/fig2_sm.gif
a.
b.
c.
d.
The higher the discharge of water, the lower the amount of sediment.
The lower the discharge of water, the higher the amount of sediment.
The higher the discharge of water, the higher the amount of sediment.
There is no relationship between the discharge of water and the abount of sediment.