Kate Angier
GRADE
12
[Pick the date]
GRADE 10
HISTORY 2013
EXEMPLAR EXAMINATION: PAPER 2
QUESTION PAPER
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1.
This question paper consists of FOUR questions based on the prescribed
content as contained in the guideline document:
QUESTION 1:
WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE COLLAPSE OF THE
USSR IN 1989?
• On ending apartheid in South Africa
QUESTION 2:
WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE COLLAPSE OF THE
USSR IN 1989 ON AFRICA?
• Case Study: Angola
QUESTION 3:
HOW DID SOUTH AFRICA EMERGE AS A
DEMOCRACY FROM THE CRISES OF THE 1990s?
QUESTION 4:
DEALING WITH THE PAST AND FACING THE
FUTURE: THE WORK OF THE TRUTH AND
RECONCILIATION COMMISSION
2.
Each question counts 75 marks, of which 45 marks are for the source-based
question and 30 marks for the extended writing question.
3.
Candidates are required to answer any TWO questions.
4.
When answering questions, candidates should apply their knowledge, skills
and insight.
5.
A mere rewriting of the sources as answers will disadvantage candidates.
6.
Questions should be answered by referring to the ADDENDUM.
7.
Write neatly and legibly.
1
QUESTION 1:
HOW WAS SOUTH AFRICA AFFECTED BY THE COLLAPSE
OF THE SOVIET UNION IN 1989?
Study Sources 1A, 1B and 1C and answer the following questions.
1.1 Study Source 1 A.
1.1.1 What evidence is there in the source that suggests that negotiations
between the ANC and the NP seemed possible?
(2 x 1) (2)
1.1.2 What was the 'ideological divide' between the ANC and the NP?
(2 x 2) (4)
1.1.3 Explain why you would agree with Slabbert that the ANC was
caught off-guard.
(2 x 2) (4)
1.1.4 Explain how the collapse of the Soviet Union favoured FW de Klerk. (2 x 2) (4)
1.1.5 Explain to what extent you would consider Slabbert's article useful
to a historian researching this period of political change in South
Africa.
(2 x 2) (4)
1.2 Consult Source 1B.
1.2.1 Why was it important for De Klerk to make several trips abroad to
meet with world leaders?
(1 x 2) (2)
1.2.2 How did the changes introduced by Gorbachev assist De Klerk in
following a policy of reform in South Africa?
(2 x 2) (4)
1.2.3 Explain to what extent the following statement is accurate:
'Namibia showed the South Africans that this kind of change would
not necessarily have catastrophic results.'
(1 x 3) (3)
1.2.4 Using the information from the source and your own knowledge,
explain how you think the ANC would have responded to these
impending political changes?
(2 x 2) (4)
1.3 Refer to Sources 1A and 1B.
1.3.1 Explain why it was necessary for De Klerk to embark on a process
of negotiations.
(2 x 2) (4)
1.3.2 How do these sources support each other regarding the impact of
the end of the Cold War on South Africa?
1.4
(2 x 2) (4)
Using ALL the sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about
SIX lines (about 60 words) to explain why the ANC entered into discussions
with the apartheid government.
(6)
2
1.5
EXTENDED WRITING (Your response should be about TWO pages in
length.)
Answer ONE of the following questions: QUESTION 1.5.1 OR QUESTION
1.5.2.
1.5.1 Explain how the collapse of the USSR in 1989 affected South Africa's political
future.
(30)
OR
1.5.2 Using the information from ALL the sources and your own knowledge, write
an essay explaining how the collapse of the USSR benefited a negotiated
settlement in South Africa.
(30)
[75]
3
QUESTION 2:
HOW SUCCESSFUL WAS ANGOLA IN RE-IMAGINING
ITSELF AFTER THE COLLAPSE OF COMMUNISM IN 1989?
Study Sources 2A, 2B and 2C and answer the questions that follow.
2.1 Refer to Source 2A.
2.1.1 Name the THREE countries involved in the Angolan civil war between
1987 and 1988.
(3 x 1) (3)
2.1.2 What factors motivated FAPLA's allies to leave Angola in 1988?
(2 x 2) (4)
2.1.3 Explain the reference to the words 'Escalation or negotiation' in the
context of the conflict in Angola.
(2 x 2) (4)
2.1.4 Why did South Africa become involved in the conflict in Angola?
(1 x 2) (2)
2.1.5 Using the information from the source and your own knowledge define
the concept glasnost.
(1 x 2) (2)
2.2
Read Source 2B.
2.2.1 What prevented the leaders of the MPLA and UNITA from reaching
consensus?
(1 x 2) (2)
2.2.2 Explain in what ways the 1991 Bicesse Peace Agreement was
significant for Angola.
(2 x 2) (4)
2.2.3 Comment on whether President Dos Santos was justified in resuming
the civil war in Angola.
(2 x 2) (4)
2.3
Consult Source 2C.
2.3.1 Explain the message of the photograph in relation to the civil war in
Angola.
(2 x 2) (4)
2.3.2 Comment on the limitations of this source to a historian researching the
conflict in Angola in the 1990s.
(2 x 2) (4)
2.4
Compare Source 2B and Source 2C.
Explain how these sources support each other regarding UNITA's
role in the Angolan conflict.
4
(2 x 2) (4)
2.5
Using ALL the sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about
EIGHT lines (80 words) explaining how Cuba became involved in the conflict
in Angola.
(8)
2.6
EXTENDED WRITING (Your response should be about TWO pages long.)
Answer ONE of the following questions: QUESTION 2.6.1 OR QUESTION
2.6.2.
2.6.1 Discuss to what extent Angola was able to re-imagine itself after the collapse
of communism in 1989.
(30)
OR
2.6.2 The end of the Cold War brought about a new era in the history of Angola.
Do you agree with this statement? Substantiate your answer by using ALL the
sources and your own knowledge.
(30)
[75]
5
QUESTION 3:
WHY WAS THE ROAD TO DEMOCRACY IN SOUTH AFRICA
FRAUGHT (FILLED) WITH UNCERTAINTY, FEAR AND
ANXIETY?
Study Sources 3A, 3B and 3C and answer the following questions:
3.1
Refer to Source 3A.
3.1.1 Why, do you think, was it necessary for Mandela to meet with comrades
before meeting with De Klerk?
(2 x 2) (4)
3.1.2 Name TWO of the comrades who met with him before the meeting. (2 x 1) (2)
3.1.3 What were the proposals drafted in the letter to De Klerk?
(3 x 1) (3)
3.1.4 What qualities displayed by Mandela at the meeting with De Klerk
defined him as a leader of high standing?
(1 x 2) (2)
3.1.5 Explain the reliability of Source 3A to a historian studying the negotiation
process in South Africa in the 1990s.
(1 x 2) (2)
3.2
Read through Source 3B.
3.2.1 Explain why it became necessary for Mandela to make this televised
speech.
(2 x 2) (4)
3.2.2 Why did Mandela refer to Chris Hani's assassination as a crime
against all the people of our country?
(2 x 1) (2)
3.2.3 What, do you think, were the motives for assassinating Chris Hani?(2 x 1) (2)
3.2.4 Quote from the source to show that Chris Hani was a popular
struggle hero.
(1 x 2) (2)
3.2.5 Explain what enabled Mandela to save the nation from the brink of
disaster.
(2 x 2)(4)
3.3
Study Source 3C.
3.3.1 Explain why the 1994 elections can be described as being
democratic.
(1 x 2) (2)
3.3.2 What, do you think, would the implications have been of the ANC
winning a two-thirds majority?
(1 x 2) (2)
6
3.3.3 Using the source and your own knowledge, explain why the
participation of the IFP in the 1994 elections was very significant.
(2 x 2) (4)
3.3.4
(a) Explain the reference to 'independent Bantustans'.
(b) How were the 'independent Bantustans' catered for in the
1994 general elections?
(1 x 2) (2)
(1 x 2) (2)
3.4
Using all the sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about
SIX lines (about 60 words) explaining how Chris Hani's assassination failed to
derail political progress in South Africa.
(6)
3.5
EXTENDED WRITING (Your answer should be about TWO pages long.)
Answer ONE of the following questions: QUESTION 3.5.1 OR QUESTION
3.5.2.
3.5.1 Discuss how the road to democracy in the 1990s was filled with uncertainty,
fear and anxiety.
(30)
OR
3.5.2 Using all the sources and your own knowledge, write an essay in response to
the following statement:
'South Africa can never pay back Mandela for the role he played in
transforming the country into a democracy.'
(30)
[75]
7
QUESTION 4:
WAS THE TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION
(TRC) SUCCESSFUL IN HEALING THE WOUNDS OF A
DIVIDED SOUTH AFRICA?
Study Sources 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D and answer the following questions.
4.1
Refer to Source 4A.
4.1.1 What were the 'two crucial things' that emerged from the TRC?
(2 x 1) (2)
4.1.2 Why do you think some people were not in favour of the TRC?
(2 x 1) (2)
4.1.3 Explain why you think the TRC could have had a cathartic (healing)
effect for many of the victims.
(2 x 2) (4)
4.1.4 What do the words 'It has produced an archive … and hopefully
learn from it' tell you about the work of the TRC?
4.2
(2 x 2) (4)
Use Source 4B.
4.2.1 Mrs Msweli in Viewpoint 1 wants to forgive her sons' killers and has
a bit of her mind to tell them. What do you think has made Mrs
Msweli react in this manner?
(1 x 3) (3)
4.2.2 Explain whether you think Dirk Coetzee was truly remorseful for his
actions in Viewpoint 2.
(2 x 2) (4)
4.2.3 Why, in your opinion, did the TRC grant Dirk Coetzee amnesty?
(1 x 3) (3)
4.2.4 In considering Viewpoint 3, explain whether you think there was
justification for the work of the TRC.
(2 x 2) (4)
4.3 Consult Sources 4C and 4D.
4.3.1 Sources 4C and 4D are critical of the TRC. What, according to
these sources, were the reasons for the criticisms of the TRC?
(2 x 2) (4)
4.3.2 Explain the significance of the words in the bubble in Source 4D:
'… ATTACKED FROM LEFT, RIGHT AND CENTRE, SIR, BUT
WE MADE IT!!'
(1 x 3) (3)
4.3.3 As a historian studying the work of the TRC explain which of the
two sources (Source 4C or Source 4D) you would consider to be
more useful.
(1 x 2) (2)
4.4
Explain the limitations of the viewpoints in Source 4B to a historian
researching the work of the TRC.
(2 x 2) (4)
8
4.5
Using all the sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about
SIX lines (about 60 words) explaining how the TRC brought closure to many
of the unanswered evils of apartheid.
(6)
4.6
Answer ONE of the following questions: QUESTION 4.6.1 OR 4.6.2.
4.6.1 Was the TRC successful in healing the wounds of a divided South
Africa? Critically discuss.
(30)
OR
4.6.2 Using all the sources and your own knowledge, discuss whether the TRC
was successful in helping the process of reconciliation, justice and
forgiveness?
(30)
[75]
TOTAL: 150
9