THE MALAY COLLEGE KUALA KANGSAR
COURSE OF STUDY
BIOLOGY FORM 4
Individual Performances Check List
Performance Scale:
1. Know
2. Has Not Mastered
3. Has Mastered
BIOLOGY
Nama Pelajar :
Kelas
:
1
Chapter 1
Cell
Structure
And
Function
Chapter 2
Movement
Of
Substances
Across The
Plasma
Membrane
2
3
1.1 Understanding cell structure and function
a. Draw and label an animal cell and plant cell
b. Identify and state the function of the cellular components of cell
c. Compare and contrast an animal cell and a plant cell
d. Relate the density of certain organelles with the functions of
specific cells
1.2 Understanding cell organisation
a. Describe cell specialisation in multicellular organisms
b. Describe cell organisation in the formation of tissues, organs and
systems in multicellular organisms
c. Identify factors affecting the internal environment
and the necessity to maintain optimal internal environment
d. Describe the involvement of various systems in maintaining
optimal internal environment
1.3 Appreciating the uniqueness of the cell
a. Illustrate that most cells are specialised for the job that they
perform
2.1 Analysing of movement of substances across the plasma membrane
a. Explain the necessity for movement of substances across the
plasma membrane
b. Describe the permeability of the plasma membrane
c. Explain the movement of substances across the plasma
membrane through the process of passive transport, osmosis and
active transport
d. Explain the process of passive transport and active transport in
living organisms using examples
e. Compare and contrast passive transport and active transport
2.2 Understanding the movement of substances across the plasma
membrane in everyday life
a. Explain the effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic
solutions on plant cell and animal cell
b. Explain plasmolysis, deplasmolysis, haemolysis and crenation
c. Design an experiment to determine the concentration of external
solution which is isotonic to cell sap
d. Make an inference on the concentration of cell sap in plant
tissues
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e.
f.
g.
Relate the movement of substances across plasma membrane
with concentration gradient
Explain the phenomenon of wilting in plants using examples
Explain the preservation of food using examples
2.3 Appreciating the movement of substances across the plasma
membrane
a. Explain the necessity of movement of substances across the
plasma membrane which occurs in a continuous and controlled
manner for survival of a cell
3.1 Understanding the chemical composition of the cell
Chapter 3
a. Explain the importance of organic compounds in the cell
Chemical
b. Explain the importance of water in the cell
Composition
3.2
Understanding carbohydrates
Of The Cell
a.
Chapter 4
Cell Division
State the elements in carbohydrates and the types of
carbohydrates
b. Explain the formation and breakdown of disaccharides and
polysaccharides
3.3 Understanding proteins
a.
State the elements and the various structures of proteins
b. Explain the formation and breakdown of dipeptides and
polypeptides
c. Explain the meaning of essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids
3.4 Understanding Lipids
a. State the elements and the main types of lipids
b. State the components and the formation of fats and oils
c. Compare and contrast saturated fats and unsaturated fats
3.5 Understanding enzymes
a. List the general characteristics of enzymes
b. Explain the involvement of specific organelles in the production
of extracellular enzymes
c. Explain the effects of pH , temperature, enzyme concentration
and substrate concentration on enzyme activity
d. Explain the uses of enzyme in daily life and industry using
examples
3.6 Realising the importance of the chemical composition in cells
a. Predict the consequences of deficiency in carbohydrates, protein,
lipids or enzymes in the cell
4.1 Understanding mitosis
a. State the significance of mitosis
b. Identify the phases in the cell cycle
c. Explain the process of mitosis and cytokinesis
d. Arrange the various stages of mitosis in the correct sequence
e. Compare and contrast mitosis and cytokinesis in animal cell and
plant cell
f. Explain the importance of controlled mitosis and effects of
uncontrolled mitosis in living things
g. Describe the application of knowledge on mitosis in cloning,
advantages and disadvantages of cloning
4.2 Understanding Meiosis
a. State the significance of meiosis
b. Identify the type of cell that undergoes meiosis
c. Explain the process of meiosis
d. Arrange the various stages of meiosis in the correct order
e. Compare and contrast meiosis I and meiosis II
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Chapter 5
Nutrition
f. Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis
4.3 Appreciating the movement of chromosomes during mitosis and
meiosis
a. Describe what will happen when the movement of chromosomes
during mitosis and meiosis do not occur in an orderly manner
5.1 Understanding types of nutrition
a. Classify organisms according to the types of nutrition
5.2 Applying the concept of balanced diet
a. Explain the necessity for a balanced diet
b. Explain the factors affecting the daily energy requirement of the
human body
c. Determine the energy value in food samples
d. Determine the nutrient content in different food samples
e. Explain the functions and sources of vitamins, minerals, roughage
and water in a diet to maintain health
5.3 Understanding malnutrition
a. Explain the effects of malnutrition using examples
Describe ways to reduce the effects of certain health problems
5.4 Analysing food digestion
a. Explain the necessity for digestion of complex substances
b. Draw and label the human digestive system
c. Describe the functions of the digestive juices and substances
d. Explain the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in the
human body
e. Identify parts of digestive system in ruminants and rodents
involved in the digestion of cellulose
f. Describe the digestion of cellulose in ruminants and rodents
g. Design experiments to study the digestion of starch and proteins
in food samples
h. Describe problems related to food digestion
5.5 Understanding the processes of absorption and assimilation of
digested food
a. Draw and label structure of a villus
b. Explain the processes of absorption in the villus
c. Explain the absorption of water and minerals in the colon
d. Describe the transport of nutrients by the circulatory system for
assimilation
Explain the main functions of the liver
e. Describe the process of assimilation
5.6 Understanding the formation of faeces and defecation
a. Identify the part of the digestive system where the formation of
faeces takes place
b. Describe the formation of faeces
c. Explain the role of microorganisms in the colon and the effect of
antibiotics on them
d. Explain what defecation is
e. Explain the importance of defecation
f. Explain the importance of high fibre diets
g. Describe the problems related to defecation
5.7 Evaluating eating habits
a. Relate eating habits with health problems
b. Evaluate critically whether a particular eating habit is good or bad
5.8 Realising the importance of a healthy digestive system
a. Predict the effects of a defective digestive system on health
b. Take care of the digestive system for one’s well- being
5.9 Understanding the importance of macronutrients and micronutrients
in plants
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a.
b.
List elements required by plants
Classify elements required by plants based on the amount
needed
c. Design an experiment to study the effects of macronutrient
deficiency in plants
d. Relate the effects of macronutrient deficiency with the function
of macronutrients
e. Explain the function of each macronutrient in plants
f. State the function of micronutrients in plants
g. State the effects of micronutrient deficiency in plants
5.10 Understanding photosynthesis
a. Describe the development that leads to the discovery of
photosynthesis
b. State the substances required for photosynthesis
c. State the substances produced from photosynthesis
d. Draw and label the cross-section of a leaf
e. State the function of each part of the leaf with respect to
photosynthesis
f. Explain leaf adaptation to optimise photosynthesis
g. Explain how plants from different habitats are adapted to carry
out photosynthesis
5.11 Understanding the mechanism of photosynthesis
a. Identify the parts of chloroplast related to photosynthesis
b. Explain the light reaction of photosynthesis
c. Explain the dark reaction of photosynthesis
d. Compare and contrast light reaction and dark reaction in
photosynthesis
e. Relate light reaction with dark reaction in photosynthesis
f. Write an equation to represent the process of photosynthesis
5.12 Synthesising factors affecting photosynthesis
a. Identify the factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis
b. Design an experiment to investigate the effect of light intensity
on the rate of photosynthesis
c. Identify the factor that limits the rate photosynthesis at different
light intensity
d. Explain the effects of temperature and concentration of carbon
dioxide on the rate of photosynthesis
e. Design an experiment to investigate the effect of light intensity
on the rate of photosynthesis
f. Identify the factor that limits the rate of photosynthesis at
different light intensity
g. Explain the effects of temperature and concentration of carbon
dioxide on the rate of photosynthesis
h. Explain the difference in the rate of photosynthesis in plants
throughout the day based on the changes in light intensity and
temperature
i. Identify some ways to meet the need of increasing the
productivity of crops based on factors affecting the rate of
photosynthesis
5.13 Practising a caring attitude towards plants
a. Tell why we need to take good care of plants
b. Identify cases of mishandling or destruction of plants
5.14 Understanding the technology used in food production
a. Explain the need for improving the quality and quantity of food
b. Explain the effort to diversity food production
c. Explain ways to improve the quality and quantity of food
production in the country
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5.15 Evaluating the technological development in food processing
a. Explain the necessity for food processing
b. Describe the development of food processing technology
c. Relate food processing methods with factors causing food
spoilage
d. Assess the methods of food processing to justify the choice of
consuming certain processes food
Chapter 6
Respiration
6.1 Understanding the respiratory process in energy production
a. State that all living processes require energy
b. Identify the main substrate for producing energy
c. State the two types of respiration
d. Explain what cell respiration is
e. Explain the energy production from glucose during the process of
aerobic respiration
f. State the conditions leading to anaerobic respiration in cells
g. Explain the process of anaerobic respiration in yeast
h. Explain the process of anaerobic respiration in human cells
i. Write the chemical equations for aerobic and aerobic respiration
j. Compare and contrast aerobic respiration with anaerobic
respiration
6.2 Analysing the respiratory structures and breathing mechanisms in
human and animal
a. State the respiratory structures in human and some animals
b. Make an inference on the various adaptations of the respiratory
structures
c. Describe the characteristics of respiratory surfaces in human and
other organisms
d. Describe the breathing mechanisms in human and other
organisms.
e. Compare and contrast the human respiratory system with that of
other organisms
6.3 Understanding the concept of gaseous exchange across the
respiratory surfaces and transport of gases in human
a. Describe the process of gaseous exchange across the surface of
the alveolus and blood capillaries in the lungs
b. Explain the transport of respiratory gases
c. Explain the process of gaseous exchange between the blood and
body cells
d. Distinguish the composition of inhaled and exhaled air
6.4 Understanding the regulatory mechanism in respiration
a. Describe the change in rate of respiration after completing a
vigorous exercise
b. Correlate the rate of respiration with the oxygen and carbon
dioxide content in the body
c. Explain the regulatory mechanism of oxygen and carbon dioxide
content in the body
d. Explain the human respiratory responses and rate of respiration
in different situations
e. Correlate the rate of respiration with the rate of heart beat
6.5 Realising the importance of maintaining a healthy respiratory
system
a. Care and maintain efficient function of the respiratory organs
6.6 Understanding respiration in plants
a. Describe the energy requirement in plants
b. Explain the intake of oxygen for respiration
c. Explain aerobic respiration in plants
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d.
e.
Chapter 7
Dynamic
Ecosystem
Explain anaerobic respiration in plants under certain conditions
Compare and contrast the process of photosynthesis and
respiration
f. Explain what compensation point is
g. Relate light intensity with the attainment of compensation point
h. Predict the situation when the rate of photosynthesis and rate of
respiration remains at compensation point
7.1 Understanding the abiotic and biotic components of the
environment
a. Identify the abiotic components of an ecosystem
b. Identify the biotic components of an ecosystem
c. Classify biotic components into trophic levels
d. Explain the interactions between biotic components in relation to
feeding, using examples
e. Explain the interaction between biotic components in relation to
competition, using examples
7.2 Understanding the processes of colonisation and succession in an
ecosystem
a. State what an ecosystem is
b. Identify the niche, habitat, community and population of an
ecosystem
c. Explain the process of colonisation
d. Explain the process of succession
e. Identify the pioneer species in an ecosystem
f. Identify the successors in an ecosystem
g. Identify the dominant species in an ecosystem
h. Identify the adaptive characteristics of pioneer species
i. Identify the adaptive characteristics of successors
j. Explain the changes in habitat caused by successors at every level
of succession until a climax community is reached
k. Relate the abiotic components with the biotic components in an
ecosystem during the processes of colonisation and succession
7.3 Synthesising ideas on population ecology
a. Identify the appropriate sampling technique to study the
population size of an organism
b. Estimate the population size of an organism in a habitat
c. Determine the distribution of organisms in a habitat based on
the density, frequency and percentage coverage of the species
d. Correlate the change in population distribution of an organism
with the changes in each of the abiotic factors
e. Design an experiment to investigate the effect of a change in any
one of the abiotic factors on the population growth rate of an
organism
7.4 Understanding the concept of biodiversity
a. Explain the meaning of biodiversity
b. Explain the need for classification of organisms
c. State the five kingdoms used in the classification of organisms
d. Identify the main characteristics of organisms in each kingdom
e. List examples of organisms in each kingdom
f. State the hierarchy in the classification of organisms, using
examples
g. Explain through examples, the method of naming organisms
using the Linnaeus binomial system
h. Explain the importance of biodiversity
7.5 Understanding the impact of microorganisms on life
a. Classify various types of microorganisms based on their basic
characteristics
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b.
Chapter 8
Endangered
Ecosystem
State the abiotic components affecting the activity of
microorganisms
c. Explain the effect of a change in each abiotic component on the
activity of microorganisms
d. Explain the role of useful microorganisms
e. Explain the effect of harmful microorganisms
f. Explain the meaning of pathogen
g. Identify the pathogen, vector and symptoms of one particular
disease
h. Explain how the disease spreads
i. Describe the methods for controlling pathogen
j. Explain the use of microorganisms in biotechnology, using
examples
7.6 Appreciating biodiversity
a. Justify the importance of preservation and conversation of
biodiversity
b. Preserve and conserve various living things around him/her
8.1 Evaluating human activities that endanger an ecosystem
a. Identify human activities that threaten the ecosystem
b. Explain the impact of human activities on the ecosystem
c. Evaluate critically the effects of unplanned development and
mismanagement of the ecosystem
d. Describe types of pollution and sources of pollution
e. Explain the effects of pollution on living things and the
environment
f. Compare and contrast pollutants in the air from different
environments
g. State the sources of air pollution
h. Interpret data on the level of air pollution in some cities
i. Make an inference on the sources of air pollution in some cities
j. Interpret data on the level of water pollution in some rivers
k. Make an inference on the sources of water pollution in some
rivers
l. Predict the level of air and water pollution in a particular location
within the next ten years
m. Suggest strategies to solve problems related to air and water
pollution in a particular location within the next ten years
n. Suggest strategies to solve problems related to air and water
pollution in a particular location within the next ten years
8.2 Understanding the greenhouse effect and thinning of the ozone layer
a. Explain what greenhouse effect is
b. Correlate the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
with global warming
c. Explain the thinning of the ozone layer
d. Explain the impact of thinning of the ozone layer and global
warming on the ecosystem
8.3 Realising the importance of proper management of development
activities and the ecosystem
a. Justify the need for development
b. Explain the effects of increase in population on the ecosystem
c. Explain measures taken in the management of development
activities and the ecosystem to ensure a balance of nature is
maintained
d. Care for the ecosystem
e. Participate in activities related to the management of the
ecosystem
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