Nutrition Sub-Cluster, Health and Nutrition Cluster
Кластерная группа по питанию, Кластер здравоохранения и питания https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/operations/ukraine/nutrition
as agreed by the Nutrition Sub-Cluster of the Health and Nutrition Cluster on the 13 May 2015
1.
No infant formula, other food or liquid is needed in the first days of life until breast-milk is produced.
2.
Breast milk provides all the food and water that your baby needs during the first 6 months. Do not give anything else, not even water and other drinks or foods (such as tea, juice, sugar water, other milks, formula or porridge) during the first six months.
3.
Breast milk contains enough water for the baby’s needs. Even during very hot weather, breast milk will satisfy your baby’s thirst.
4.
Do not use bottles and teats as they decrease suckling and as a result mother produces less milk .
They are difficult to clean and can cause your baby to become sick.
5.
Stress or inadequate nutrition of mother does not inhibit milk production. Be confident and continue breastfeeding.
6.
Continue breastfeeding up to 2 years and beyond.
7.
The younger the infant is, the greater the following risks of artificial feeding.
 Greater risk of death (globally, a non-breastfed baby is 14 times more likely to die than an exclusively breastfed baby in the first 6 months)
 Formula has no antibodies to protect against illness; the mother’s body makes breast milk with antibodies that protect from the specific illnesses in the mother/child environment
 Don’t receive their “first immunization” from the colostrum
 Struggle to digest formula: it is not at all the perfect food for babies
 Frequent diarrhoea, ill more often and more seriously (mixed-fed infants less than 6 months who receive contaminated water, formula and foods are at higher risk.)
 Frequent respiratory infections
 Greater risk of under nutrition, especially for younger infants
 More likely to get malnourished: family may not be able to afford enough formula
 Under-development: retarded growth, under-weight, stunting, wasting due to higher infectious diseases such as diarrhoea and pneumonia
 Poorer bonding between mother and infant, and less secure infant
 Lower scores on intelligence tests and more difficulty learning at school
 More likely to be overweight
 Greater risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, asthma, and dental decay later in life.
8.
Introduce complementary food at 6 month of age (meat, fruit, vegetable purees, thick porridges from 6 months)
9.
Children need vitamin A to help resist illness, protect their eyesight and reduce the risk of death. Vitamin A can be found in red and orange fruits and vegetables, eggs, dairy products, liver, fish, meat, fortified foods and breastmilk.
10.
Children need iron-rich foods to protect their physical and mental abilities and to prevent anaemia. The best sources of iron are animal sources, such as liver, lean meats and fish. Other good sources are iron-fortified foods and iron supplements.
11.
Iodine in a pregnant woman’s and young child’s diet is especially critical for the development of the child’s brain. It is essential to help prevent learning disabilities and delayed development. Using iodized salt instead of ordinary salt provides pregnant women and their children with as much iodine as they need.
12.
From the age of 1 year child can eat family food in addition to breast-milk.
13.
Wash your hands with soap at four critical times: after toilet, after cleaning a child, before feeding a child and before preparing food.

Nutrition Sub-Cluster, Health and Nutrition Cluster
Кластерная группа по питанию, Кластер здравоохранения и питания https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/operations/ukraine/nutrition
1. “Stress makes the milk dry up”. Fact: Stress might temporarily affect the milk let down reflex, but does not affect milk production. Mothers need reassurance and support.
2. “Malnourished mothers cannot breastfeed”. Fact: Mild and moderate malnutrition in women will not decrease milk production. Feed the mother so that she can feed her infant. All mothers need extra fluids and food to maintain their strength and prevent malnutrition.
Complementary Introduction Volume depending on the age of a child, months food products
Fruit, berry or vegetable juice, ml
Fruit puree, ml
Vegetable puree, ml
Cereals with milk
Skimmed milk products, ml
Cheese, g
Egg yolks, pieces
Meet puree, g
Fish puree, g
Vegetable oil, ml
Butter, g
Wheat bread, g time, months
6
6
6
6-7
7.0-7.5
6.5-7.0
8-10
6
6-7
8-9
30-50
50-100
-
6
40-50
50-100
50-70
50-70
150
5-30
-
30
-
½ tea spoon ½ t.s.
½ tea spoon ½ t.s.
- -
7
100-150
1/8-1/4
50-70
50-70
170
150
50
10-20
1 t.s.
1 t.s.
5
8
1/4-1/2
80
80
180
180
1/2
50
30-50
1 t.s.
1 t.s.
5
9 10-12
100
90-100
200
200
1/2-1
50-60
50-60
1 t.s.
1 t.s.
10
Approximate quantities and timing of complementary food introduction is given, therefore quantity of complementary food should be based on principles of active feeding, i.e. slow, encouraging feeding