Family, scientific name, life form
Vernacular
name
Chorological type
Parts used, uses
N.
Inf
N.
Villages
Acanthaceae
Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl *, herb (wild)
Jeruju
Malesian region, north
Australia (Kelvin et al. 2001)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
2
1
Amaranthaceae
Amaranthus blitum L. *, herb (wild)
Bayem kedis
4
Daun kepotpot
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
11
Celosia argentea L., herb (wild)
Mediterranean region
(Grubben & Denton 2004)
Guineo-Congolian region,
Usambara-Zululand region,
Sudano-Zambezian region,
Madagascan region (Kunkel
1984)
6
4
Annonaceae
Annona muricata L., shrub (semi-wild)
Sirsak
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
4
2
Annona squamosa L., shrub (semi-wild)
Silik
Caribbean region, Mexico,
Chaco, Llanos, Andean region
(Kunkel 1984)
Caribbean region, region of
the Guayana Highlands,
Amazonian region, Brazilian
region, Andean region
(Kunkel 1984)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
8
4
North Australia (Kunkel 1984) Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
1
1
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
3
1
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
1
1
Apocynaceae
Sarcostemma esculentum (L.f) R.W.Holm,
herb (wild)
Araceae
Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) G.Don, herb
(wild)
Daun pepe
Sente
Malesian region, northeast
Australian region (Kunkel
1984)
Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.)
Bl.ex Decne, herb (semi-wild)
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, herb
(semi-wild)
Suweg
Keladi putih
Colocasia gigantea (Bl.) Hook.f., herb
(wild)
Araliaceae
Schefflera aromatica (Blume) Harms., tree
(wild)
Arecaceae
Areca cathecu L., tree (semi-wild)
Candung
Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr., tree (semiwild)
Aren
Gembal jaran
Pinang
Borassus flabellifer L., tree (semi-wild)
Ental
Calamus reinwardtii Bl. *, woody climber
(semi-wild)
Rotan
Livistona rotundifolia (Lamk.) Mart., tree
(semi-wild)
Asteraceae
Gynura aurantiaca (Bl.) DC. *, herb (wild)
Daun ibong
Celengot
Indian region, Malesian region
(Kunkel 1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
23
7
50
13
50
13
Indochinese region, Malesian
region (Kunkel 1984)
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
5
2
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
3
1
Malesian region (Kunkel
Fruit eaten fresh
1984)
Malesian region, Indian region Edible boiled fruit
(Kunkel 1984)
Boiled inner stems
eaten as staple food
Root decoction used
for urolithiasis
Malesian region, Indian region Ripe fruit eaten fresh
(Kunkel 1984)
Malesian region (Dransfield & Cooked leaf tips
Manokaran 1994)
added to vegetable
soups
Malesian region (Kunkel
Cooked leaves added
1984)
to vegetable soups
6
2
36
10
36
10
6
2
4
2
1
1
2
1
5
2
Malesian region (Chen et al.
2002)
Cooked young leaves
added to vegetable
soups
Basellaceae
Anredera cordfolia (Tenore) Steen., climber Winahong
(semi-wild)
Blechnaceae
Blechnum orientale L., herb (wild)
Clusiaceae
Garcinia dulcis (Roxb. ) Kurz, tree (semiwild)
Garcinia parvifolia (Miq.) Miq., tree (semiwild)
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R.Br, climber
(wild)
Cucurbitaceae
Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt, climber (wild)
Cucurbita moschata (Duch.) Poir., climber
(semi-wild)
Brazilian region, Andean
region, Amazonia region,
Region of Guayana highlands
(Kunkel 1984)
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
2
1
Paku jahe
Malesian region, Indian
region, Indochinese region,
Northeast Australian region,
Southwest Australian region
(Kunkel 1984)
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
2
1
Mundeh
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
2
1
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
12
5
Atlantic and gulf coastal plain, Cooked leaves added
Zanzibar-Inhambane,
to vegetable soups
Madagascan region, Indian
region, Malesian region,
Northeast Australian region,
Southwest Australian region
(Kunkel 1984)
1
1
2
1
17
7
Badung
Daun katangkatang
Paspasan
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Labu
Caribbean region, region of
the Guayana highlands
(Kunkel 1984)
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
Cooked fruit and
leaves added to
vegetable soups
Momordica charantia L., climber (wild)
Dioscoreaceae
Dioscorea alata L., climber (semi-wild)
Paya puuh
Cooked fruit added to
vegetable soups
Leaf decoction used
for heartburn
2
1
2
1
Fijian region, Polynesian
region, Hawaiian region
(Kunkel 1984)
Madagascan region,
Usambara-Zululand region,
Somalia-Ethiopia (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region, Indian
region, Indochinese region
(Kunkel 1984)
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
14
6
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
13
4
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
34
9
Genitri
Malesian region, Indochinese
region, Indian region,
Northeast Australian region
(Kunkel 1984)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
2
1
Tingkih
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region, north
Australia (Kunkel 1984)
Fruit used as spices
4
2
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
Leaf decoction used
for fever and diarrhea
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
19
5
7
2
12
6
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
1
1
Serbet
Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burk, climber
(semi-wild)
Ubi aung
Dioscorea hispida Dennst., climber (semiwild)
Gadung
Elaeocarpaceae
Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Gaertn.)
K.Schum., tree (wild)
Euphorbiaceae
Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd., tree (semiwild)
Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng., tree (semiwild)
Baccaurea racemosa (Reinw.ex Bl.) M.A.,
tree (semi-wild)
Bischofia javanica Bl., tree (semi-wild)
Buni
Kepundung
Gintungan
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region, Indochinese
region, Indian region (Kunkel
1984)
Cicca acida (L.) Merr., tree (semi-wild)
Fabaceae
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., shrub (semiwild)
Dolichos lablab L., climber (semi-wild)
Erythrina hypaphorus Boerl. *, tree (semiwild)
Cermei
Madagascan region (Kunkel
1984)
Undis
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Komak
Dadap tis
Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn. *,
shrub (wild)
Purnajiwa
Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Bth.,
climber (semi-wild)
Tamarindus indica L., tree (semi-wild)
Ucu
Heliconiaceae
Heliconia wagneriana Petersen *, shrub
(semi-wild)
Asem
Pisang bunga
Fruit eaten fresh
Cooked seeds added
to vegetable soups
Usambara Zululand region,
Cooked leaves and
Madagascan region, Indian
seeds added to
region (Kunkel 1984)
vegetable soups
Edible boiled seeds
Leaf decoction used
for fever, cough, and
diarrhea
Malesian region, Indian region Cooked young leaves
(Faridah & van der Maesen
added to vegetable
1997)
soups
Leaf decoction used
for heartburn
Malesian region, Indochinese Seeds eaten fresh
region, Indian region (Heyne
1987)
Malesian region (Kunkel
Cooked seeds added
1984)
to vegetable soups
Sudan (Kunkel 1984)
Cooked leaves and
fruit added to
vegetable soups
Fruit eaten fresh
Mexico (Kepler 1999)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
5
3
28
9
19
6
19
9
6
3
1
1
1
1
6
2
6
2
4
3
4
3
2
1
Lamiaceae
Coleus parviflorus Bth., herb (wild)
Sabrang
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Elsholtzia elata Z. & M. *, shrub (wild)
Jungul
Ocimum basilicum L., shrub (semi-wild)
Kemangi
Indochinese region; Malesian
region (Zollinger & Moritzi
1845)
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Lauraceae
Cinnamomum burmanni Nees ex Bl., tree
(semi-wild)
Kayu manis
Kapas bali
Malvaceae
Gossypium herbaceum L., shrub (semiwild)
Marantaceae
Maranta arundinacea L., herb (semi-wild)
Arus
Meliaceae
Lansium domesticum Corr., tree (semi-wild) Ceroring
Sandoricum koetjape (Burm.f) Merr., tree
(semi-wild)
Moraceae
Artocarpus elasticus Reinw.ex Bl., tree
(semi-wild)
Sentul
Teep
Boiled tuberous roots
eaten as staple food
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
2
1
1
1
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
6
2
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Barks used as spices
Decoction of leaves
and barks used for
heartburn, fever,
cough, sore throat,
hypertension, and to
stimulate the appetite
33
33
10
10
Saharo-Arabian region
(Kunkel 1984)
Edible boiled young
fruit
1
1
2
1
Caribbean region, region of
Boiled tuberous roots
the Guayana highlands, Llanos eaten as staple food
(Kunkel 1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
9
6
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
14
6
Malesian region, Indochinese
region (Kunkel 1984)
Edible boiled seeds
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
11
11
4
11
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lmk, tree (semiwild)
Nangka
Ficus fistulosa Reinw. ex Bl., tree (wild)
Daun dadem
Morus alba L., shrub (semi-wild)
Kayu besar
Moringaceae
Moringa oleifera Lam., tree (semi-wild)
Kelor
Musaceae
Musa brachycarpa Back., herb (semi-wild)
Pisang batu
Myrtaceae
Psidium guajava L., shrub (semi-wild)
Sotong
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, tree (semiwild)
Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp., tree
(semi-wild)
Syzygium polycephalum (Miq.)
Merr.&Perry, tree (semi-wild)
Juwet
Salam
Kaliasem
Malesian region, Indian region Cooked young fruit
(Kunkel 1984)
and seeds added to
vegetable soups
Leaf decoction used
for diarrhea
Malesian region, Indochinese Cooked leaves added
region, Indian region (Kunkel to vegetable soups
1984)
Northern China (Kunkel 1984) Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
Leaf decoction used
for hypertension
46
12
1
1
3
1
7
2
1
1
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Cooked leaves and
fruits added to
vegetable soups
28
8
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Cooked core stems
added to vegetable
soups
24
8
Fruit eaten fresh
33
9
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
6
5
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
Leaves used as spices
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
13
13
15
5
5
4
Mexico, Caribbean region
(Kunkel 1984)
Indian region, Malesian region
(Kunkel 1984)
Malesian region, Indochinese
region (Kunkel 1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merrill &
Perry, tree (semi-wild)
Oxalidaceae
Averrhoa bilimbi L., tree (semi-wild)
Jambu merah
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Belimbing
buluh
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Averrhoa carambola L., tree (semi-wild)
Belimbing besi
Phyllanthaceae
Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr., shrub
(wild)
Daun katuk
Piperaceae
Piper betle L., climber (semi-wild)
Sirih
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
Decoction of leaf tips
used for diarrhea
3
3
1
1
Cooked fruit and
leaves added to
vegetable soups
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
Malesian region, Indian region Cooked fruit and
(Kunkel 1984)
leaves added to
vegetable soups
10
4
10
11
4
5
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
Leaf decoction used
for heartburn, and
removal of waste
products from the
blood
7
2
7
2
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
Leaf decoction used
for body odor,
diarrhea, sore throat,
skin allergies, fluor
albus
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
31
9
31
9
2
1
Fruit eaten fresh
4
2
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Piper cubeba L.f., climber (wild)
Kemukus
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Rosaceae
Rubus alpestris Bl., climber (wild)
Gunggung
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Rubus calycinus Wall.ex D.Don, climber
(wild)
Rubus chrysophyllus Reinw.ex. Miq.,
climber (wild)
Gunggung
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Fruit eaten fresh
2
2
Gunggung
Fruit eaten fresh
2
2
Rubus fraxinifolius Poir., climber (wild)
Gunggung
Malesian region, Northeast
Australian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Indian region (Kunkel 1984)
Fruit eaten fresh
6
2
Fruit eaten fresh
Fruit eaten fresh
2
6
2
2
12
4
12
4
12
4
Rubus lineatus Reinw.ex Bl., climber (wild) Gunggung
Rubus rosaefolius J.E. Smith, shrub (wild)
Gunggung
Rubiaceae
Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr., climber
Kesimbukan
(wild)
Rutaceae
Citrus amblycarpa (Hassk.) Ochse, tree
(semi-wild)
Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck, tree (semiwild)
Salicaceae
Flacourtia inermis Roxb., shrub (wild)
Limo
Jeruk bali
Lubi
Pangium edule Reinw., tree (semi-wild)
Pangi
Sapindaceae
Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken, tree
(wild)
Kesambi
Eastern Asiatic region (Kunkel Cooked leaves added
1984)
to vegetable soups
Water inside stem
used in sprue
Leaf decoction used
for fever, and to
stimulate appetite
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Fruit and leaves used
as spices
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
1
1
3
1
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
1
1
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
10
4
Malesian region, Indian region Ripe fruit eaten fresh
(Kunkel 1984)
2
1
Sapotaceae
Chrysophyllum cainito L., tree (semi-wild)
Nyeleket
Solanaceae
Solanum nigrum L., herb (wild)
Thelypteridaceae
Pneumatopteris callosa (Blume) Nakai *,
shrub (wild)
Urticaceae
Dendrocnide stimulans (L.f.) Chew, tree
(wild)
Caribbean region (Kunkel
1984)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
2
1
Anti
Mediterranean region,
Circumboreal region, IranoTuranian region,
Indian region, Eastern Asiatic
region (Kunkel 1984)
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
3
3
1
1
Paku lindung
Malesian region (Nakai 1933)
Cooked leaves added
to vegetable soups
Leaf decoction used
for fever, and
hypertension
3
2
3
2
Ripe fruit eaten fresh
2
1
Water inside root
used in sprue
2
1
Malesian region, Indian
region, Indochinese region
(Kunkel 1984)
Malesian region (Blume 1828)
Cooked young leaves
added to vegetable
soups
Cooked young leaves
added to vegetable
soups
28
9
6
2
Malesian region, Indochinese
region (Kunkel 1984)
Fruit used as spices
9
5
Lateng kidang
Woodsiaceae
Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Swartz, shrub Paku jukut
(wild)
Diplazium repandum Bl. *, shrub (wild)
Paku udang
Zingiberaceae
Amomum maximum Roxb., herb (semiwild)
Kapulaga
Malesian region, Indochinese
region (Kunkel 1984)
Nicolaia speciosa (Bl.) Horan, herb (semiwild)
Zingiber purpureum Roxb., herb (semiwild)
Kecicang
Gamongan
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Malesian region (Kunkel
1984)
Tuberous roots used
as spices
Cooked flowers
added to vegetable
soups
Tuberous roots juice
used for cough,
rheumatic, headache,
and to raise body heat
7
3
7
3
25
8