Ch. 5: Part III
Name: __________________________
Metamorphic Rocks
What Metamorphic Rocks Are
—The word ___________________ breaks down into
◦Meta – meaning ___________________
◦Morph – meaning ___________________
—Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rock by the action of
___________________, ___________________, and ___________________.
—___________________ or ___________________ Rocks will change into Metamorphic Rocks
—The rocks in the pairs to follow are related
◦One is actually ___________________ from the other through changes produced by
natural forces
—Shale
—Limestone


Slate
Marble
—Crystallized Sandstone  Quartzite
—Granite

Gneiss (NICE)
—Regional Metamorphism
—___________________ ___________________ is the process by which most of the
metamorphic rock of the Earth’s crust is formed.
—This happens when large areas of rock are under intense ____________ and pressure
◦ during ___________________ ___________________ movements.
—During mountain building movements:
◦Layers of rock deep within the crust are under high ___________________ and pressure
◦More heat is added to the rocks from the ___________________ of the moving rock layers
◦Pressure is added from the ___________________ of the overlying rocks, and
___________________ of the moving rock mass
◦Hot water, ___________________ and other liquids and gases in the deep rocks join with
the heat and pressure
◦All these forces work together and produce changes in the rocks
—This takes place over ___________________ areas.
Ch. 5: Part III
Name: __________________________
—What happens to rocks that are metamorphosed?
◦___________________ squeezes grains closer together
–This makes them more ___________________ and less porous
◦Heath and Chemicals may rearrange the ___________________
–___________________ may be formed or reformed in the rock
—The Metamorphism of Shale
—Many changes occur to shale during regional metamorphism
—The rock becomes
◦More ___________________, More ___________________
◦Elements recombine to form __________ elements that are not found in shale
◦___________________ on the rocks squeeze the flakes of mica or the needles of
hornblend into parallel layers  the new rocks split easily along these _______________
–This feature in the rocks is called ___________________
—Shale

Slate
—In slate, the ___________________ layers are microscopically thin.
—If metamorphism goes further, a shiny rock called ___________________ (FILL yte) is
formed.
◦Shale  slate  phyllite
—More intense metamorphism produces a flaky rock called ___________________
—Schist can be formed from many ___________________ rocks like shale,
sandstone, basalt
—They are usually named for their principal mineral
—Example: mica schist
—Gneiss is another metamorphic rock that can be formed from a variety of rocks.
(Shale, granite, conglomerate)
—Gneiss has the ___________________ foliation of all the other metamorphic rocks
—Minerals are arranged in cardboard thick parallel bands (light and dark minerals
alternating in bands)
—Contact Metamorphism
—This process occurs when hot magma forces its way into ___________________ rock.
Ch. 5: Part III
Name: __________________________
—The heat of the magma bakes the rocks in ___________________ with it.
—Hot liquid and gases from the magma also enter the effected rocks and ___________
with its minerals.
—Contact metamorphism does _____ effect as much rock as regional metamorphism.
—Changes in the rock are also less ___________________ than in regional metamorphism.
—Example: Hornfels – formed by contact metamorphism of ________________
◦Is very fine grained, ___________, and ________________.
—The Rock Cycle
—Igneous rock is thought of as ___________________, or parent, rocks of the crust
—As ___________________ rock is weathers sediments are formed that turn into
___________________ rock.
—Both ___________________ and ___________________ rock can undergo heat and pressure
to form ___________________ rock.
—The ___________________ rock deep within the earths crust can ____________ and the
cycle begins again.
—There are shortcuts and detours in the rock cycle as shown in the diagram, and in
your textbook on page 79.
—Class/Homework
—Page 79 Topic Questions 19 to 23