114G/ obrien
“Revision Decision”--- elaboration, attribution- what else?
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Let’s make some observations about what’s working in these paragraphs (based the
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rubric and our PK); then, using the ToolBox and our PK, discuss possible
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“revision decisions”
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Many thank to Karl S. for an excellent sample of clear writing, critical thinking and
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careful reading! ]
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Iceberg Questions
for attribution, elaboration (iceberg strategy) and… what else?
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1. What do I mean
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2. How do I know?
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3. So what? Why am I saying this?
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Original Excerpt #1
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Starting tip aka 1-liner
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¶Framing is how humans present either reality or fiction.
By that I mean, human construct
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knowledge that is in the form of representation rather than an a complete mirror image of the reality or
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imaged idea that is the origins of the frame. For example, when I take a photograph of my Christmas tree,
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it is an accurate images but also a complete one to the extent that the picture can only include a portion of
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the reality: living room, house, street, town, and planet!
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Schudsin [get citation] asserts that all frames have distortions, simply because all frames are only a part of
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the reality being depicted. So in the case of my Christmas tree, the photo is a distorted view of my house
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precisely because parts of the house exist but are framed out of the photo.
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We frame daily. In other words, because we constantly construct and use knowledge throughout our daily
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lives, it is inevitable that humans use frame as part of their normal lives, Knowledge is essential to human
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114G/ obrien
“Revision Decision”--- elaboration, attribution- what else?
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functioning because we use information to make decisions for our actions. Out actions allow us to
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accomplish what we want and need.
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Examples of daily frames are when
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we frame how our day went or how our food tastes. Artists make a living of framing their imaginations o
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f reality. A frame is a representation of something. A frame can a painting or as simple as a comment. Ev
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erybody frames.
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It’s part of our daily lives. It’s impossible not to frame. Everything gets framed, especially things that
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we can observe. We all have perspective on things, whether it’s a negative point of view or a positive
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one. We use frames to describe things. We even frame our identity. Frames give things a specific view.
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¶ Many things can go wrong with framing. We don’t always frame honestly. A Frame can be a lie,
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it’s not always reality. A frame can embellish reality. The frame reflects the opinion of the framer and
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that says it all.
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to twist the truth. We like to paint things the way we want everybody else to see it because we believe
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we are right. A common problems all frames have is that they are very narrow and a reflection of an
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opinion. We all know that we can’t take an opinion for more than what it is, which is just view of one
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individual.
As humans we all have our own opinions, we don’t always like how things are. We like
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Original Excerpt#2
¶
In a " Pretext for war", James Bamford writes on the 9/11 attacks and the Bush administration's
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114G/ obrien
“Revision Decision”--- elaboration, attribution- what else?
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misuse of intelligence to sell preemptive war to the american people. He also shows us how the
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attackers frame their motives. About a decade before 9/11, the terrorists had bombed the world trade
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center but the bomb did not take it down. When investigators in the Philippines recovered the laptop of Y
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ousef, one of the attackers, they found the motive for the terrorism. Yousef stated " if the U.S.
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government keeps supporting israel....then we will continue to carry out operations inside and outside
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the United states" (138). The terrorist framed their motive for the attacks as retaliation against the U.S.
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They wanted the U.S. to stop their activities in the middle east, they did not agree with the U.S. foreign
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policy.
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