CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
“A Christmas Carol” is one of Charles Dickens’s novels,
published simultaneously in England on 1843. His novel is a work of
fiction.
Related to the title of the writer study and the problems stated in
chapter I, in this chapter discuss the physical appearance, personality,
social status and social relationship of the main characters. In this novel
any two main characters, namely: Ebenezer Scrooge and Tiny Tim.
A. FINDINGS
1. Physical Appearances of The Main Characters
a. Ebenezer Scrooge
As stated in the chapter II that the use of physical appearance
is to describe how old they are, how they look like, about sex (are the
main character man or woman, do the main characters have pale skin,
handsome, beautiful, long, black, brown or white hair, etc).
In this case the main characters were an old man and younger
man, but the writer was discussing them one-by-one.
First, he is Ebenezer Scrooge. He is an old business man.
Actually, he never thinks about women and love. He has no wife or
children and has no friend. He was only live in Camden Town.
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Scrooge had as little of what is called fancy about him as any man in
the city of London.
On the other hand, Scrooge also has a physical appearances
that has been explained above, pointed nose, shriveled his cheek, his
thin lips and his wiry chin. It can to be supported by following
statement:
“…his old features, nipped his pointed
nose, shriveled his cheek, his thin lips and
his wiry chin, ....” (Chapter I: 4)
b. Tiny Tim
He is Tiny Tim. He is younger years old. He is a little boy who
walks with a crutch. He is cheerful in the face of his illness, and his
plucky prayer. Tiny Tim is a highly sentimentalized character who
Dickens uses to highlight the tribulations of England’s poor and to
elicit sympathy from his middle and upper class readership. This
statement can be proved in the following statements and dialogs:
“There was a little boy; he was a younger old. He was illness who
walks with his crutch.” (Chapter I: 14)
2. Personality of The Main Characters
In the story, the main characters, namely Ebenezer Scrooge and
Tiny Tim’s. They are had the different personality.
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a. Ebenezer Scrooge
Ebenezer Scrooge is cold, miserly, arrogant and creditor man.
Many people dislike him. Every people often called him a ‘nuts’. It can
be seen in the following dialogs and statements:
1)Good Business Man
“…but that he was an excellent man of
business on the very day of the
funeral,…” (Chapter I: 3)
2)Miserly
“…on the very day of the funeral, and
solemnized it with an undoubted
bargain.” (Chapter I: 3)
“Scrooge had a very small fire, but the
clerk’s fire was so very much smaller that
it looked like one coal. But he couldn’t
replenish it, for Scrooge kept the coal-box
in his own room; and so surely as the
clerk came in with the shovel, the master
predicted that it would be necessary for
them to part.” (Chapter I: 6)
“I wish to be left alone. Since you ask me
what I wish, gentlemen, that is my answer.
I don’t make Merry myself at Christmas
and I can’t afford to make idle people
merry.” (Chapter I: 11)
“…, you don’t think me ill-used, when I
pay a day’s wages for no work.” (Chapter
I: 13)
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3)Creditor
“‘If they would rather die,’ said Scrooge,
‘they had better do it, and decrease the
surplus populations.” (Chapter I: 11)
4)Arrogant
What’s Christmas time to you but a time
for paying bills without money; a time for
finding yourself a year older, but not an
hour richer; a time for balancing your
books and having every item in ‘em
through a round dozen of months
presented dead against you? If I could
work my will.” (Chapter I: 7)
5)Cold
“Let me leave it alone, then,’ said
Scrooge.” (Chapter I: 7)
Moreover, Ebenezer Scrooge and Tiny Tim have not same
character. Scrooge does not care with others. He only thinks about his
money and himself. The dialogs above can be proved in the following
dialogs:
“Nephew!’ returned the uncle sternly,
‘keep Christmas in your own way, and let
me keep it in mine.” (Chapter I: 7)
“If they would rather die,’ said Scrooge,
‘they had better do it, and decrease the
surplus population.” (Chapter I: 11)
“It’s not my business,’ Scrooge returned.
‘It’s enough for a man to understand his
own business, and not to interfere with
34
other people’s. Mine occupies me
constantly. Good afternoon, gentlemen!”
(Chapter I: 11)
“Man of the worldly mind,’ replied the
Ghost,… (Chapter I: 21)
After, Scrooge arrived a three Spirits. He is become care with
another peoples. He can lesson when he go with three Spirits on
Christmas. And he was learning from Tiny Tim too. So, it can change
him to nice with the other peoples. Many people like him, now. He
was known become to a good business man, who likes help the other
people and respectful or keep the Christmas. And he was happy in his
life, forever. This can be seen in the following statements and dialogs:
“I will honour Christmas in my heart, and
try to keep it all the year. I will live in the
Past, the Present, and the Future.”
(Chapter IV:100)
“Holding up his hands in a last prayer to
have his fate aye reserved,…” (Chapter
IV: 100)
“… A Merry Christmas everybody. A
happy New Year to all the world. Hallo
here. Whoop. Hallo.” (Chapter V: 102)
“Come back with the man, and I’ll give
you a shilling. Come back with him in less
than five minutes and I’ll give you half a
crown.” (Chapter V: 103)
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“…, Scrooge regarded every one with a
delighted smile. He looked so irresistibly
pleasant, in an afterwards, that of all the
blithe sounds he had ever heard, those
were the blithest in his ears.” (Chapter V:
105)
“Allow me to ask your pardon. And will
you have the goodness” – here Scrooge
whispered in his ear.” (Chapter V: 105)
“Thank you,’ said Scrooge. ‘I am much
obliged to you. I thank you fifty times.
Bless you.” (Chapter V: 106)
“He went to church, and walked about the
streets, and watched the people hurrying
to and fro, and patted children on the
head, and questioned beggars, and looked
down into the kitchens of houses, and up
to the windows, and found that everything
could yield him pleasure. He had never
dreamed that any walk – that anything –
could give him so much happiness.”
(Chapter V: 106)
“Happy Christmas, Bob, you are my good
friend, likes I must said years ago! I
would be to increase your wage, and try
to helping your family in trouble, and we
will talks about your problem this
afternoon, while smoking together, Bob!
Flaming the fire, and buy the place of fire
again before you certain place the candles
on it place, Bob Cratchit!” (Chapter V:
107)
“Scrooge does more good than his says.
He all does it, and very much until not
account, and for Tiny Tim, he was not die,
36
Scrooge became his second’s father.”
(Chapter V:107-108)
b. Tiny Tim
Tiny Tim is an extra pure and so wildly good character. But
Tiny Tim is a sickly small boy whose life hinges in the balance of
Scrooge’s transformation into a better man. This can be seen in the
following dialogs:
“He hoped the people saw him in the
crutch, because he was a cripple, and it
might be pleasant to them to remember
upon Christmas Day, who made lame
beggars walk, and blind men see.”
(Chapter III: 56)
Tiny Tim have a far different character with Scrooge. He
always care with the other peoples.Althought, he was life in
poverty.The dialogs above can be proved in the following dialogs:
“Merry Christmas, said Tiny Tim to
Scrooge”. (Chapter I: 14)
“God bless us every one,’ said Tiny Tim,
the last of all.” (Chapter III: 65)
3. Social Status of The Main Characters
The social status in this case deals with the main characters
educational background and their live. Do the main characters have low,
middle or high education? Are the main characters from middle, upper or
modern classes? After reading the novel, the writer has a conclusion that
37
the main characters have not much education because; one of them was
business man and a little boy; they were a younger and old.
a. Ebenezer Scrooge
Ebenezer Scrooge was a successful business man was not
highly educated. He had to know about administration, how to plan his
business well for a good profit. He had firm that had been handled by
his clerk, Bob Cratchit and him. Based on this explanation,
automatically Ebenezer Scrooge had to study and know about
administration. This can be seen in the following statement:
“Scrooge and he were partners for I don’t
know how many years. Scrooge was his
sole executor, his sole administrator,….,
but that he was an excellent man of
business….” (Chapter I: 3)
Moreover, Ebenezer Scrooge had “nuts” reputation in his city.
So that, the people not care with him saw that Ebenezer Scrooge had
middle education, but Ebenezer Scrooge has a firm. He is a business
man. He was also rich, famous and miser. It can be proved by the
following statements:
“There it stood, years afterwards, above
the warehouse door: Scrooge and Marley.
The firm was known as Scrooge and
Marley. Sometimes people new to the
business called Scrooge and sometimes
Marley……” (Chapter I: 4)
38
Therefore, Ebenezer Scrooge is high classes. Such as when he
had wearing clothes. It can be seen in the following statements:
“Scrooge buttoning his great – coat to the chin.” (Chapter I: 13)
b. Tiny Tim
The second main character is Tiny Tim. He is illness who
walks with his crutch. Tiny Tim was not same as Ebenezer Scrooge
that he had different education. He is only a little boy. He is life in
destitution family. So, Tiny Tim had low education. It can be seen in
the following statements:
“There was a little boy; he was a younger
old. He was illness who walks with his
crutch. He was standing in front of the
Scrooge’s office. He was a son of a clerk
who was waiting for his father’s home. His
named Tiny Tim.” (Chapter I: 14)
“There was nothing of high mark in this.
They were not a handsome family; they
were not well dressed; their shoes were far
from being water – proof; their clothes
were scanty; and Peter might have known,
and very likely did, the inside of a
pawnbroker’s.” (Chapter III: 67)
Although they were not highly educated, Tiny Tim has a good
characteristic that can change the people. He had good characteristics.
So it made him very famous, rich and miser. It can be proved by the
following statements:
“God bless us every one.” (Chapter III: 65)
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“That hope would say about every one,
every one! And also, as Tiny Tim said, God
bless us every one, every one!” (Chapter V:
108)
Tiny Tim was from different classes. Such as when he had
wearing clothes. It can be seen in the following statements:
“They were not a handsome family; they
were not well dressed; their shoes were far
from being water – proof; their clothes
were scanty; and Peter might have known,
and very likely did, the inside of a
pawnbroker’s.” (Chapter III: 67)
4. Social Relationship of The Main Characters
In this case the writer wants to discuss the relationship between the
main characters and other characters surrounding them.
Human beings cannot stand alone in solving a problem.
Furthermore, when a person associated, certainly we must find a new
strange a life. But if a person stands his idea and cannot accept a new life
in the society, of course, we will have conflict in society.
a. Ebenezer Scrooge
Ebenezer Scrooge was life in alonely, without friends, love,
child, etc. So, it can make Scrooge very close, miserly and not care
with the other people. It can be proved by the following dialogs:
“Nobody ever stopped him in the street to
say, with gladsome looks,…” (Chapter I:
5)
40
“To edge his away along the crowded
paths of life, warning all human sympathy
to keep its distance, was what the knowing
ones call ‘nuts’ to Scrooge.” (Scrooge
I:5)
“Nephew!’ returned the uncle sternly,
‘keep Christmas in your own way, and let
me keep it in mine.” (Chapter I: 7)
“If they would rather die,’ said Scrooge,
‘they had better do it, and decrease the
surplus population.” (Chapter I: 11)
“It’s not my business,’ Scrooge returned.
‘It’s enough for a man to understand his
own business, and not to interfere with
other people’s. Mine occupies me
constantly. Good afternoon, gentlemen!”
(Chapter I: 11)
“Man of the worldly mind,’ replied the
Ghost,… (Chapter I: 21)
Furthermore, Scrooge was come a three Spirits. He was change
become care with the other peoples. And become to a good people and
very good people in the world. He can learn when he went with three
Spirits on Christmas. And he was learning from Tiny Tim too. So, it
can change him to nice with the other peoples. Many people like him,
now. It cans good relationship for Scrooge with the other people in his
city. He becomes lovely with the other people. This can be seen in the
following statements and dialogs:
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“I will honour Christmas in my heart, and
try to keep it all the year. I will live in the
Past, the Present, and the Future.”
(Chapter IV: 100)
“… A Merry Christmas everybody. A
happy New Year to all the world. Hallo
here. Whoop. Hallo.” (Chapter V: 102)
“Come back with the man, and I’ll give
you a shilling. Come back with him in less
than five minutes and I’ll give you half a
crown.” (Chapter V: 103)
“…, Scrooge regarded every one with a
delighted smile. He looked so irresistibly
pleasant, in an afterwards, that of all the
blithe sounds he had ever heard, those
were the blithest in his ears.” (Chapter V:
105)
“Allow me to ask your pardon. And will
you have the goodness” – here Scrooge
whispered in his ear.” (Chapter V: 105)
“Thank you,’ said Scrooge. ‘I am much
obliged to you. I thank you fifty times.
Bless you.” (Chapter V: 106)
“He went to church, and walked about the
streets, and watched the people hurrying
to and fro, and patted children on the
head, and questioned beggars, and looked
down into the kitchens of houses, and up
to the windows, and found that everything
could yield him pleasure. He had never
dreamed that any walk – that anything –
could give him so much happiness.”
(Chapter V: 106)
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“Happy Christmas, Bob, you are my good
friend, likes I must said years ago! I
would be to increase your wage, and try
to helping your family in trouble, and we
will talks about your problem this
afternoon, while smoking together, Bob!
Flaming the fire, and buy the place of fire
again before you certain place the candles
on it place, Bob Cratchit!” (Chapter V:
107)
“Scrooge does more good than his says.
He all does it, and very much until not
account, and for Tiny Tim, he was not die,
Scrooge became his second’s father.”
(Chapter V: 107-108)
b. Tiny Tim
Tiny Tim has a family. They are Bob Cractchit (Father), Mrs.
Cractchit (Mother), Peter Cractchit, Belinda Cractchit, Little Boy
Cractchit, Little girl Cractchit, and last, Martha Cractchit. Bob Cractchit
was work in Scrooge’s firm. But, they all not good relationships. It can
be proved by the following dialogs:
“Merry Christmas, said Tiny Tim to
Scrooge”. (Chapter I: 14)
“There was nothing of high mark in this.
They were not a handsome family; they
were not well dressed; their shoes were
far from being water – proof; their clothes
were scanty; and Peter might have known,
and very likely did, the inside of a
pawnbroker’s. But, they were happy,
grateful, pleased with one another, and
contented with the time; and when they
43
faded, and looked happier …” (Chapter
III: 67-68)
B. ANALYSIS
1. Physical Appearances of The Main Characters
a. Ebenezer Scrooge
The direct illustration for authors, Scrooge has good
physical appearances. Usually, many people said if people have a
pointed nose him/her always handsome and beautiful. Many people
hopes have it but actually the people was seldom has pointed nose,
especially the women in Indonesia. Scrooge’s looks a handsome.
He has a pointed nose. But his nose was look broken. So, his nose
looks bad. Which he feel coldness. His body looks stiff and
wrinkled. According Graham Little (1966), it is include
characteristics of physical appearances. It can support with this
statement: …, nipped his pointed nose,… (Chapter I: 4)
But if he not feel coldness, his body looks so perfect.
Because many people hopes have a body likes Scrooge. Who his
body was seen well. Besides that he was an old man, which he seen
an old man unfortunate and pity. I think it is a true, because he feel
cold within him froze his old features. So, he is not well to look.
And according Graham Little (1966), they are including
characteristics of physical appearances. It is who they look like. So,
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it is significance of physical appearances. It can to be supported by
following statement:
“…shriveled his cheek, stiffened his
gait, made his eyes red, his thin lips
blue; and spoke out shrewdly in his
grating voice. A frosty rime was on his
head, and on his eyebrows, and his
wiry chin.” (Chapter I: 4)
b. Tiny Tim
The author was explaining the other main character, he is Tiny
Tim. He is the youngest member of the Cratchit family. He is a sickly
and angelic small boy. If he is walk his very difficult. He is a pity
small boy who he was a sickly small boy and he can walks with tools.
This explain is a physical appearance according Graham Little (1966).
It can be provided in the following statement: “There was a little boy;
he was a younger old. He was illness who walks with his crutch.”
(Chapter I: 14)
Actually, he lives in illness. He cannot walk well. And he has
not enough money to cure his foot. It can be supported with this
statement: “…, because he was a cripple,…” (Chapter III: 56)
2. Personality of The Main Characters
a. Ebenezer Scrooge
In this novel the author was the direct illustrated of the main
character, that Scrooge is a successful businessman. I think many
45
people know him in business world. Many business come him.
According Graham Little (1966), it is include personality who he is a
good businessman. It can to be seen by following statements: “…but
that he was an excellent man of business on the very day of the
funeral,” (Chapter I: 3)
Actually, Scrooge has a partner. Until he have a firm with his
partner. They are cooperation many years. Until his firm know many
businesses. And many businesses come in his office and recognize
them. Many business cannot different them. Until his partner was die.
Any businesses call him with his partner name. He is developing his
firm with his clerk. According Graham Little (1966), it is include
personality who he is a good businessman and a kind of person who
create the condition. It can to be supported by following statements:
“…Sometimes people new to the business
called Scrooge, and sometimes Marley,
but he answered to both names. It was all
same to him.” (Chapter I: 4)
Besides that, he is a miserly man who he was undoubted
bargain for his partners. In here, the author direct illustrated who the
main character never respected with the other people every day. He is
only care with himself and his wealth. He is an accounting people and
he does not like disturb. So, he always busy with his world who he like
live in alone without friend, love, child and family. He does not like
noisy. According Graham Little (1966). It is include a personality who
46
he is not care the condition around him. It can to be seen following
statements: “…on the very day of the funeral, and solemnized it with an
undoubted bargain.” (Chapter I: 3)
Although, they are a partner, Scrooge never feels dreadfully
cut up by the sad event. So, he looks that with his friend and it can
looks with the other people, too. He was pretend respect with his
partner before die. So, I think it is the reason why Scrooge does it with
his partner?
Besides that, the author was describe the Scrooge was
accounting people with his clerk. So, his clerk looks very pity. He is
working only little light that cannot help him to good job. He cannot fill
the fire again. But his clerk only silent about it. He only tries to good
job in order to Scrooge not angry with him and not cut his pay.
According Graham Little (1966) it is a personality. It can be seen
following statement:
“Scrooge had a very small fire, but the
clerk’s fire was so very much smaller that
it looked like one coal. But he couldn’t
replenish it, …” (Chapter I: 6)
Scrooge never feels pity with the other people. He always
keeps something himself. And will not distribute with the other. He
always economical anything. And he always good keeps. He looks a
stingy people. So, his clerk only silent. Although he feels not
comfortable work with him. It can be supported with other statement:
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“… for Scrooge kept the coal-box in his
own room; and so surely as the clerk came
in with the shovel, the master predicted
that it would be necessary for them to
part.” (Chapter I: 6)
In addition, the Scrooge was illustrated himself, too. He always
lives lonely. But he likes it. He lives without friend, love, child, family,
etc. He only lonely. He does not like a noisy. So, his always in calm and
quiet every day, every time and many years. He lives was differently
with other people in around him. He looks not need other people in his
life. According Graham Little (1966) it is a careless personality for
Scrooge. It can to be supported following dialogs: “I wish to be left
alone,” said Scrooge. (Chapter I: 11)
Because he lives in aloneness. He lives in darkness every day.
Without light in around him. So, he always lives not needs the other
people. And it can make his very bad. If he always lives in lonely, it can
make him not respect and not know other people in around him. It can
be supported with this dialogs Scrooge with the other people:
“Since you ask me what I wish,
gentlemen, that is my answer. I don’t
make Merry myself at Christmas and I
can’t afford to make idle people merry.”
(Chapter I: 11)
According Graham Little (1966) that is dialog is not good
personality Scrooge with the other people. He is not care the condition
around him.
48
And any his dialogs whose describe him an accounting people.
He is very stingy with the other and he was not like lose out. He is very
details people who in money. He does not care the other people doing.
He only was thinking himself and his wealth. So, he always busy with
his work and he want not know other people importance doing. He is
not want to feel lose out. It can be seen this dialog. Who this dialog
include careless according Graham Little (1966): “…, you don’t think
me ill-used, when I pay a day’s wages for no work.” (Chapter I: 13)
In his dialogs he explains whom he is not caring with other
people. He dislikes a contribution anything with the other people. He do
not like if any people ask contribute to poor people who they never
work to their live. So, he thinks he is work to live. And he never cares
and never contributes anything with the poor people. It is include not
care the condition around him. So, it is an according Graham Little
(1966) it can to be supported following dialog: “‘If they would rather
die,’ said Scrooge, …” (Chapter I: 11)
It can forceful with his comment. He is very creditor to
everyone. He dislike to contributor to poor people. Because they only
demand to other people and not work. So, he was like if they decrease.
It is include not care the condition around him. So, it is an according
Graham Little (1966) it can to be supported following dialog: “...‘,they
had better do it, and decrease the surplus populations.” (Chapter I: 11)
49
Scrooge was illustrated himself in the dialog. In this dialog he
just insults and berate. While him only boasting himself. He felt rich
and entitled to do whatever he wants with what he has. According
Graham Little (1966) this illustrated include careless. So, it is a
personality. It can to be supported following dialog: What’s Christmas
time to you but a time for paying bills without money;… (Chapter I: 7)
He feels a rich. And he is very arrogant because he has
anything and much money. So, he feels reserve do anything. But he do
not respect with the other people. He only can insult, lower and
mocking the poor people because he feel very rich. So, this Scrooge
dialogs he is include careless who he does not care other people,
according Graham Little (1966). This dialogs can be supported:
“… a time for finding yourself a year
older, but not an hour richer; a time for
balancing your books and having every
item in ‘em through a round dozen of
months presented dead against you? If I
could work my will.” (Chapter I: 7)
Another illustrated for Scrooge was describing in his dialog.
He never cared about anyone and anything. In celebration of Christmas
was he did not pay attention. He is only concerned himself and worldly.
He lives in aloneness every day. But, he is very like it. According
Graham Little (1966), it is a personality because the Scrooge is careless.
It can to be supported following dialog: “Let me leave it alone, then,’
said Scrooge.” (Chapter I: 7)
50
Scrooge is very egoist and stubborn. In the dialog Scrooge was
describing who he is only respected with himself and never listen the
other people. He is only thinking his worldly. He does not care what
happens around him. He is like a man who does not need other people
in his life and makes himself busy. This statement according Graham
Little (1966) is a personality. Because he is a careless people. It can to
be supported following dialogs: “Nephew!’ returned the uncle sternly,
‘keep Christmas in your own way, and let me keep it in mine.” (Chapter
I: 7)
Scrooge was describing him in his dialogs. He is a
businessman who he feels rich with his business. He was not care with
other people. And he always busy with his worldly in his business. So,
he want not know importance other people. He only focuses with his
firm. It can be following dialog: “It’s not my business,’ Scrooge
returned.” (Chapter I: 11)
In here, Scrooge was describing him if he not cares with other
people. And he only busy with his business. He do not like if any
people disturb him and interfere the importance other people. So, he is
not care with other people around him and never care with other. He
only thinking about his worldly and he lives without love, family, child,
friend, etc. So, he is an ignorant people. According Graham Little
(1966), it is including careless. It can be supported by following dialog:
“‘It’s enough for a man to understand his
own business, and not to interfere with
51
other people’s. Mine occupies me
constantly. Good afternoon, gentlemen!”
(Chapter I: 11)
His partner was describing him in dialogs. Who the Scrooge
was not caring him with other people. And he was forget a Christmas.
So, he was never care about the celebration of Christmas Day. He only
focus in business and forget at all in himself. According Graham Little
(1966) it is a careless. It can be supported by the following dialog:
“Man of the worldly mind,’ replied the Ghost,… (Chapter I: 21)
Next, the Scrooge was change become to be a nice people. He
was illustrating himself in his dialogs. He was afraid to see his future.
Who he always not care with other people, forget the Christmas and
arrogant. He was journeying with the three Spirits who they were
learning him with looks other people around him. And the last Spirit
was asking him to his grave. In there, he sees a mystery in his grave.
So, he wants to change a good people. According Graham Little (1966)
it is include a personality, because it is a romantic who the people can
create them condition or situation becomes beautiful. This can be seen
in the following dialogs: “I will honour Christmas in my heart, and try
to keep it all the year.” (Chapter IV: 100)
He was promised to three Spirits if he will change to be good
people. And always to be good people. He started helping and care with
other people. And now, he lives in learning of three Spirits. In here,
Graham Little (1966) stated that it is a romantic who the people can
52
create them condition or situation becomes beautiful. This can be seen
in the following dialogs: “I will live in the Past, the Present, and the
Future.” (Chapter IV: 100)
He started aware with his mistake. He feel deeply regret what
he had done once before who never respect others, Christmas and only
selfish and worldly. He began to ask forgiveness for what he had done
very badly. According Graham Little (1966) it is include a personality,
because it is a romantic who the people can create them condition or
situation becomes beautiful. This can be seen in the following dialogs:
“Holding up his hands in a last prayer to have his fate aye reserved,…”
(Chapter IV: 100)
In his actions, he was describing him in his dialog, too. Now,
he is understand the true meaning of Christmas and he began to ask
forgiveness to other people who his attitude not good. He felt very
happy because his change. He began to say “Hello” to other people. He
felt happiness like a school boy. He is feeling bored and lonely
dizziness in his life like as a drunk and without a friend. According
Graham Little (1966) it is include a personality, because it is a
romantic. It can be supported, too who the Scrooge describes dialog:
“… A Merry Christmas everybody. A happy New Year to all the world.
Hallo here. Whoop. Hallo.” (Chapter V: 102)
Scrooge was asking the donation to come back for him. Now,
he will help and give anything to poor people. He is understand the true
53
meaning of Christmas and he began to ask forgiveness to other people
who his attitude not good. According Graham Little (1966) it is a
romantic. It can be following dialog: “Come back with the man,…”
(Chapter V: 105). And supported again with this dialog: “Allow me to
ask your pardon. And will you have the goodness” – here Scrooge
whispered in his ear.” (Chapter V: 105)
Any supported other who the Scrooge will helping the poor
people. Now, he is lives in humanity to others. So, many people like
him now. And now, he becomes to be good businessman. He not an
accounting people again. But he will become donor a people to other
people. And not care anything to help other people. According Graham
Little (1966) it is a romantic. It can be supported by this dialog:
“…, and I’ll give you a shilling. Come
back with him in less than five minutes
and I’ll give you half a crown.” (Chapter
V: 103)
Scrooge was said to forgiveness with other people who he ever
makes disappointed them. And he started good with other. It can be
supported with his change in this dialog and it can is romantic stated
Graham Little (1966): “Thank you,’ said Scrooge. ‘I am much obliged
to you. I thank you fifty times. Bless you.” (Chapter V: 106)
And he started, too, with his clerk. He feels happy and fun. He
goes to his clerk house with a smiling face. He started friendly with his
clerk and his family. Maybe they are not believe it who he always
lonely and never accost to other people. But they are try to believe him
54
who he is refer the good change attitude with them. And they are
smiling looks him. It can be following dialog: “Happy Christmas, Bob,
you are my good friend, likes I must said years ago!” (Chapter V: 107)
In clerk house, Scrooge has good plan to clerk’s family. Maybe
he wants to become useful people and good relation with his clerk’s
family. He tries intimate with him. And he promised who he wants to
help his clerk family. Because he fell pity with Tiny Tim who his
family cannot suitable life. With it, he hopes can make his clerk family
happy fun and can become nice. According Graham Little (1966) it is
include a romantic. It is to be supported by this dialogs:
“I would be to increase your wage, and
try to helping your family in trouble, and
we will talks about your problem this
afternoon, while smoking together, Bob!
Flaming the fire, and buy the place of fire
again before you certain place the candles
on it place, Bob Cratchit!” (Chapter V:
107)
The author was illustrated his change, too. In here the author
explain that the Scrooge was a cheerful face pay attention to people on
the street with a sweet smile. So, his attitude can build adaption with the
other people. He was never expected as they do today can make him
very happy rather than days ago. His attitude can close him with Tiny
Tim. He is become a good friend, a good employer and one of the best
he had ever known. According Graham Little (1966) it is include
55
romantic who the author was illustrated him to become a good people
and many people like him. It can to be supported following statements:
“…, Scrooge regarded every one with a
delighted smile. He looked so irresistibly
pleasant, in an afterwards, that of all the
blithe sounds he had ever heard, those
were the blithest in his ears.” (Chapter V:
105)
The author was describing him. He will go to prayer and please
to forgiveness. And he looks good attitude to other people. He started
adaption with the other people and he get along with other. It can be
following statement: “He went to church, and walked about the streets,
and watched the people hurrying to and fro,…” (Chapter V: 106)
Another describes about Scrooge is he started with the poor
people and he ask for them. He very looks change his attitude to other
people. Many people like his change. He feels happy and fun. He is not
thinking if he will feel happy now. Many people were comfortable his
attitude that he can make other people was happy and smile with him.
According Graham Little (1966) it is include romantic who he can
make other people fun. It can be supported with this dialog:
“…, and patted children on the head, and
questioned beggars, and looked down into
the kitchens of houses, and up to the
windows, and found that everything could
yield him pleasure. He had never dreamed
that any walk – that anything – could give
him so much happiness.” (Chapter V:
106)
56
The author was describing him in statements. Who he feels
grateful to Tiny Tim. He is always cares and helps the other people. He
try to good and many helps for other. He started smile and say Hallo
with others. So, many people like him, now. And he feels happy with
Tiny Tim because he does not die. They both became close like a father
and his son. Now, Scrooge is many helping other people. It can be
following by this statement: “Scrooge does more good than his says.”
(Chapter V: 107-108)
Now, Scrooge was very happy every day. And many people
like him, now. He was like good businessman. Particularly changes
Scrooge being very good and make Tiny Tim likes him. They are
always happy if they look together. Many people like them. And
Scrooge is become the good people in anywhere. So, it cans makes they
are very close. And now, Scrooge and Tiny Tim were happy. According
Graham Little (1966) it is include romantic. It can be supported by this
statement:
“He all does it, and very much until not
account, and for Tiny Tim, he was not die,
Scrooge became his second’s father.”
(Chapter V:107-108)
b. Tiny Tim
The author was illustrated Tiny Tim. He is sickly little boy
who walks with crutch. He was difficult to walk. If meet him maybe
we have a sympathy and pity for him. But he not feels embarrassed
57
with other people. He is a common. He is guiltless suffering. Boy does
that ever hammer it home and then some According Graham Little
(1966) it is include a personality. It can be following thins statement:
“He hoped the people saw him in the crutch,… (Chapter III: 56)
But he hopes that others can see him as some kind of walking
reminder of the doings of Jesus. This illustrated is a personality,
according Graham Little (1966), it can be provided in the following
statement:
“…, because he was a cripple, and it
might be pleasant to them to remember
upon Christmas Day, who made lame
beggars walk, and blind men see.”
(Chapter III: 56)
He does not have enough money to cure him. Although, he is
live in poverty. He looks very happy with his family. He always
having fun when assembled together, with happiness, loves each other
and be grateful. They do not feel shortage. They are very strong
because they feel happiness and togetherness. And can beat poverty
they experience. According Graham Little (1966) it is include the
personality who they are always happy in poverty. It can be supported
by this statement:
“…but, they were happy, grateful, pleased
with one another, and contented with the
time; and when they faded, and looked
happier,… (Chapter III: 67-68)
58
Tiny Tim was describing himself. He is a little boy who walks
with a crutch. But he is always happy and angelic child. He is very
friendly to other people. According Graham Little (1966) it is include
a personality who he is a romantic with other people. It can be
following this dialog: “Merry Christmas, said Tiny Tim to Scrooge”.
(Chapter I: 14)
Another supported he is cheerful in the face of his illness and
his plucky prayer. He is not perfect small boy, but he has a good
character with other people. Graham Little (1966) states it is a
personality who Tiny Tim was describe him in his dialogs. It can be
provided in the following dialogs: “God bless us every one,’ said Tiny
Tim, the last of all.” (Chapter III: 65)
3. Social Status of The Main Characters
a. Ebenezer Scrooge
The author is direct illustrating the Scrooge in his relation with
the other people. He is a business man but he is not good relation with
the other people. He is looks a very close with his partner. So, many
businesses are called him with Marley’s. They do not different them.
According Graham Little (1966) it is a social status because he is an
excellent man of business. So, it is include a life in middle. It can to be
supported following statement: “Scrooge and he were partners for I
don’t know how many years.” (Chapter I: 3)
59
They have a firm. So, they are a partner in a work. They looks
very close, because they know was long year. In here, Scrooge was
learning how to become a business. The author was describing him to
administrator’s Marley. Scrooge was referring his skill in business.
According Graham Little (1966) it is a social status because he is an
excellent man of business. So, it is include a life in middle. It can to be
supported following statement:
”Scrooge was his sole executor, his sole
administrator,…., but that he was an
excellent man of business….” (Chapter I:
3)
The author was explaining about Scrooge who he is a good
businessman. He started business with his friend, his name Marley.
Many years they are always together in business and he looks close.
May be many people think they are one people. They are a good
businessman, until they have a firm. And many businesses know their
firm. Many people know them. Scrooge is good in administration. In
this explain according Graham Little (1966) it is into a social status
because Scrooge is a business man who it is the life in middle. It can to
be supported following statement: “The firm was known as Scrooge
and Marley.” (Chapter I: 4)
Although, he is an excellent man of business, because it is a
good partner them. When Marley die he is a sole residuary legatee and
his sole administrator. Scrooge has many links with the other successful
60
business. So, their business is fast. But many new businesses know him.
Maybe they are not known if Marley was die. Many new businesses
man call him with Marley because they are not different them. In this
explain according Graham Little (1966) it is into a social status because
Scrooge is a business man who it is the life in middle. It can to be
supported following statement: “Sometimes people new to the business
called Scrooge and sometimes Marley,…” (Chapter I: 4)
The author was explaining the Scrooge who is from the high
classes. He has much money. He can buy anything with his money. He
is wearing a great coat to warming his body. So, he is never coldness.
This explains include high modern classes who according Graham
Little (1966) it is a social status. It can be seen in the following
statement: “Scrooge buttoning his great – coat to the chin.” (Chapter I:
13)
b. Tiny Tim
The author was describing Tiny Tim. He is a youngest member
of the Cratchit family. He is a little boy who was not lucky. But he was
very grateful for what he received. He was very fond of his father and
his family. Their relation is very close. Thus, Tiny Tim often waits his
father in front of father’s work. According Graham Little (1966) it is a
positive relation who Tiny Tim very close with his father. Ii can be
following statement:
61
“There was a little boy; he was a younger
old. He was illness who walks with his
crutch. He was standing in front of the
Scrooge’s office.” (Chapter I: 14)
Another reason, that Tiny Tim is very close with his father. He
is always waits his father in front of his father’s work. Until his father
go homes. And they are going home together. Tiny Tim is one of the
children who are very happy, moreover his condition not well. It is
supported statement: “He was a son of a clerk who was waiting for his
father’s home. His named Tiny Tim.” (Chapter I: 14)
The author was describing him in poverty lives. He is looks not
good. He is a sickly small boy whose his father is clerk in Scrooge’s
office. He live in poverty but he always happiness. He does not have
enough money to his lives. It can be seen in the following statements:
“There was nothing of high mark in this. They were not a handsome
family;…” (Chapter III: 67)
But it can support with his wearing and his family wearing
every day. They look very rumpled. Because they are have not good
dress or anything to wearing. He is only wearing decrepit dress, shoes,
etc. According Graham Little (1966) it is a life in low that he is live in
shortage. It can be seen in the following statements:
“…; they were not well dressed; their
shoes were far from being water – proof;
their clothes were scanty; and Peter might
have known, and very likely did, the inside
of a pawnbroker’s.” (Chapter III: 67)
62
Tiny Tim was describing himself, too. Although, he is not
highly educated, he is a plucky prayer. He knows to deferential
Christmas and other people. It can be proved by the following dialogs:
“God bless us every one.” (Chapter III: 65)
And his life hinges in the balance of Scrooge’s transformation
into a better man. His life in low educated but he can change the people
to be a good characteristics. According Graham Little (1966) it is
include a social status. Because Tiny Tim can changes the people. It can
be proved by the following dialogs:
“That hope would say about every one,
every one! And also, as Tiny Tim said,
God bless us every one, every one!”
(Chapter V: 108)
4. Social Relationships of The Main Characters
a. Ebenezer Scrooge
The author was explaining Scrooge in statements. He is a bad
man. He never good to other people. He is only respect with himself
and his worldly. He lives without friend, love, child, family, etc. He is
like lonely in his live. Many people do not like him, because he is not
care what happens around him. He do not like noisy. So, he always
lives in lonely and he has not good relation with the other people.
Graham Little (1966) state it is a social relationship because Scrooge
have not good relation with the other people in around him every day.
63
It can be proved by the following dialogs: “Nobody ever stopped him
in the street to say, with gladsome looks,…” (Chapter I: 5)
Another fact revealed from the novel indicates that Scrooge
likes to be alone and stay alone anywhere. It makes another people not
like him. Scrooge does whatever other people indifferent and ignores it
altogether. Many people who consider his strange because he lives is
very different from most other people. According Graham Little
(1966) it is a negative relations. Because many people not like him. It
can be supported following this statement: “To edge his away along
the crowded paths of life, warning all human sympathy to keep its
distance,…” (Chapter I: 5)
I think many people were disturbed with his attitude. He lives
not need other people beside him. He is very different lives with other
people. He does not like if any people besides him. He does not
whatever other people indifferent and ignores it altogether. He likes
lives without friend, child, family, love, etc. So, many people were like
gossip his attitude and many people insult him, too. He is not care with
it. He only likes lives lonely. It According Graham Little (1966) it is a
negative relations. Because many people not like him. It can be
supported following this statement: “…, was what the knowing ones
call ‘nuts’ to Scrooge.” (Scrooge I: 5)
He was describes him in his dialogs with his nephew. He looks
a harsh and over beginning nature in his old. He dislikes governed by
64
others. He does not care what happens around him. He is just an old
man who selfish and only concerned with himself and his worldly
course. He lives without friend, love, child, family, etc. He very like
lonely. So, he looks cold man. It can be include a negative relation
according Graham Little (1966). It can be following this dialog:
“Nephew!’ returned the uncle sternly, ‘keep Christmas in your own
way, and let me keep it in mine.” (Chapter I: 7)
Another describe him is an accounting people who never think
other people around him. He not like give assists any think to other
people. Because he is always lives in lonely. So, he has bad attitude
with other people. He never felt love and attention from other people.
Maybe it can make his attitude not very respect with other people. It is
a negative relation according Graham Little (1966). It can be following
this dialog: “If they would rather die,’ said Scrooge,…” (Chapter I:
11)
Any supported dialog who describes him a stingy an old man.
He does not like divisible any think with other people. He not care any
think with other people. He is not like if the poor people were celebrate
Christmas Day with money from donator, who the donator was work
to his life. So, he is not issuing any donations for the poor people. He
wants them on their own without asking for donations of others and let
them die. According Graham Little (1966) it is include negative
65
relation with others. This dialog can be supported: “…, ‘they had better
do it, and decrease the surplus population.” (Chapter I: 11)
Scrooge was describing him in his dialogs. He is a
businessman who he feels rich with his business. He was not care with
other people. And he always busy with his worldly in his business. So,
he want not know importance other people. He only focuses with his
firm. According Graham Little (1966) it is include a negative relation
who he is nor respect with other people. It can be following dialog:
“It’s not my business,’ Scrooge returned.” (Chapter I: 11)
In here, Scrooge was describing him if he not cares with other
people. And he only busy with his business. He do not like if any
people disturb him and interfere the importance other people. So, he is
not care with other people around him and never care with other. He
only thinking about his worldly and he lives without love, family,
child, friend, etc. So, he is an ignorant people. According Graham
Little (1966), it is include negative relation. It can be supported by
following dialog:
“‘It’s enough for a man to understand his
own business, and not to interfere with
other people’s. Mine occupies me
constantly. Good afternoon, gentlemen!”
(Chapter I: 11)
His partner was describing him in dialogs. Who the Scrooge
was not caring him with other people. And he was forget a Christmas.
So, he was never care about the celebration of Christmas Day. He only
66
focus in business and forget at all in himself. According Graham Little
(1966) it is a negative relation. It can be supported by the following
dialog: “Man of the worldly mind,’ replied the Ghost,… (Chapter I: 21)
Scrooge was explaining himself in his dialogs. He is afraid to
see his future. He promises to become a good people. He is go to prayer
to forgiveness for what he had done very bad. He started adaption with
the other people. And he will help the other people. Many people like
his change and called him with sweetly. After, he was learning of his
trip with the Spirits he is a seriously changes to be a good people. He
will keep the Christmas Day and prayer to other people. This explain is
a positive relation according Graham Little (1966). Because Scrooge
was change to good people and cared with the other people. It can be
seen in the following dialogs: “I will honour Christmas in my heart,
and try to keep it all the year. I will live in the Past, the Present, and the
Future.” (Chapter IV: 100)
Next, the Scrooge was change become to nice people. He was
illustrated himself in his dialogs. With his change many people like
him. Now, he is a famous to a good business man. He understands the
true meaning of Christmas. And his action was describes him, too. He
looks happy and fun. He started accost other people with smiling and
say Hallo with peoples around him. According Graham Little (1966) it
is include positive relation, who he was changes to good relation with
other people. It can be following thins dialog: “… A Merry Christmas
67
everybody. A happy New Year to all the world. Hallo here. Whoop.
Hallo.” (Chapter V: 102)
Scrooge was asking the donation to come back for him. Now,
he will help and give anything to poor people. He is understand the true
meaning of Christmas and he began to ask forgiveness to other people
who his attitude not good. According Graham Little (1966) it is a
positive relation. It can be following dialog: “Come back with the
man,…” (Chapter V: 105). And supported again with this dialog:
“Allow me to ask your pardon. And will you have the goodness” – here
Scrooge whispered in his ear.” (Chapter V: 105)
Any supported other who the Scrooge will helping the poor
people. Now, he is lives in humanity to others. So, many people like
him now. And now, he becomes to be good businessman. He not an
accounting people again. But he will become donor a people to other
people. And not care anything to help other people. According Graham
Little (1966) it is a positive relation, who he stated divisible with other
people. It can be supported by this dialog:
“…, and I’ll give you a shilling. Come
back with him in less than five minutes
and I’ll give you half a crown.” (Chapter
V: 103)
Scrooge was said to forgiveness with other people who he ever
makes disappointed them. And he started good with other. It can be
supported with his change in this dialog and it can is positive relation
68
stated Graham Little (1966): “Thank you,’ said Scrooge. ‘I am much
obliged to you. I thank you fifty times. Bless you.” (Chapter V: 106)
And he started, too, with his clerk. He feels happy and fun. He
goes to his clerk house with a smiling face. He started friendly with his
clerk and his family. Maybe they are not believe it who he always
lonely and never accost to other people. But they are try to believe him
who he is refer the good change attitude with them. And they are
smiling looks him. It can be following dialog: “Happy Christmas, Bob,
you are my good friend, likes I must said years ago!” (Chapter V: 107)
In clerk house, Scrooge has good plan to clerk’s family. Maybe
he wants to become useful people and good relation with his clerk’s
family. He tries intimate with him. And he promised who he wants to
help his clerk family. Because he fell pity with Tiny Tim who his
family cannot suitable life. With it, he hopes can make his clerk family
happy fun and can become nice. According Graham Little (1966) it is
include a positive relation. It is to be supported by this dialogs:
“I would be to increase your wage, and
try to helping your family in trouble, and
we will talks about your problem this
afternoon, while smoking together, Bob!
Flaming the fire, and buy the place of fire
again before you certain place the candles
on it place, Bob Cratchit!” (Chapter V:
107)
The author was illustrated his change, too. In here the author
explain that the Scrooge was a cheerful face pay attention to people on
69
the street with a sweet smile. So, his attitude can build adaption with the
other people. He was never expected as they do today can make him
very happy rather than days ago. His attitude can close him with Tiny
Tim. He is become a good friend, a good employer and one of the best
he had ever known. According Graham Little (1966) it is include
positive relation who the author was illustrated him to become a good
people and many people like him. It can to be supported following
statements:
“…, Scrooge regarded every one with a
delighted smile. He looked so irresistibly
pleasant, in an afterwards, that of all the
blithe sounds he had ever heard, those
were the blithest in his ears.” (Chapter V:
105)
The author was describing him. He will go to prayer and please
to forgiveness. And he looks good attitude to other people. He started
adaption with the other people and he get along with other. In here, he
will care with other people and live with other people around him.
According Graham Little (1966) it can include a positive relation. It can
be following statement: “He went to church, and walked about the
streets, and watched the people hurrying to and fro,…” (Chapter V:
106)
Another describes about Scrooge is he started with the poor
people and he ask for them. He very looks change his attitude to other
people. Many people like his change. He feels happy and fun. He is not
70
thinking if he will feel happy now. Many people were comfortable his
attitude that he can make other people was happy and smile with him.
According Graham Little (1966) it is include positive relation who he
can make other people fun. It can be supported with this dialog:
“…, and patted children on the head, and
questioned beggars, and looked down into
the kitchens of houses, and up to the
windows, and found that everything could
yield him pleasure. He had never dreamed
that any walk – that anything – could give
him so much happiness.” (Chapter V: 106)
The author was describing him in statements. Who he feels
grateful to Tiny Tim. And he always cares and helps the other people.
He try to good and many helps for other. He started smile and say Hallo
with others. So, many people like him, now. And he feels happy with
Tiny Tim because he does not die. They both became close like a father
and his son. And he is many helping other people. It can be following
by this statement: “Scrooge does more good than his says.” (Chapter
V:107-108)
Now, Scrooge was very happy every day. And many people
like him, now. He was like good businessman. Particularly changes
Scrooge being very good. And make Tiny Tim likes him. They are
always happy if they look together. Many people like them. And
Scrooge is become the good people in anywhere. So, it can makes they
are very close. And now, Scrooge and Tiny Tim were happy. According
71
Graham Little (1966) it is include positive relation. It can be supported
by this statement:
“He all does it, and very much until not
account, and for Tiny Tim, he was not die,
Scrooge became his second’s father.”
(Chapter V:107-108)
b. Tiny Tim
Tiny Tim describes himself. He is always happy and angelic
child. He is very friendly with the other people. He never feels
embarrassed. Graham Little (1966) stated that it is a positive relation.
It can to be supported by the following dialog: “Merry Christmas, said
Tiny
Tim
to
Scrooge”.
(Chapter I: 14)
The author describes him with his family, too. They are very
close each other. Although, they are a poor, but they live in happiness.
They are always having fun when assembled together, with happiness,
loves each other. They do not feel the shortage. Hey are very strong
because happiness and togetherness. Graham Little (1966) stated that
is include positive relation. Because they always grateful. It can to be
supported by the following statement:
“…, but, they were happy, grateful,
pleased with one another, and contented
with the time; and when they faded, and
looked happier …” (Chapter III: 67-68)