Mr. Rivas The Mole WS SET 1 01. How many moles of Na are in 42 g of Na? 02. How many moles of O are in 8.25 g of O? 03. How much does 2.18 mol of Cu weigh? 04. What is the mass of 0.28 mol of iron? 05. How many atoms are in 7.2 mol of chlorine? 06. How many atoms are in 36 g of bromine? 07. How many moles are in 1.0 x 109 atoms? 08. What is the mass of 1.20 x 1025 atoms of sulfur? 09. How many moles of CO molecules are in 52 g of CO? 10. How many moles of C2H6 are in 124 g? 11. How many moles of CCl4 are there in 56 g? 12. How much does 2.50 mol of H2SO4 weigh? 13. How much does 0.25 mol of Fe2O3 weigh? 14. How many molecules are there in 52 g of CO? 15. How many formula units are in 22.4 g SnO2? 16. How many molecules are in 116 g CCl4? 17. What is the mass of 3.01 x 1023 formula units of Fe2O3? 18. What is the mass of 1.2 x 1025 molecules of CO? 19. How many O atoms are in 1.25 mol of SO2? 20. How many moles of O atoms do you have when you have 1.20 x 10 25 N2O5 molecules? 21. How many formula units are in 5.33 mol of CuCl2? 22. How many copper atoms are in 5.33 mol of CuCl2? 23. How many moles of Cl atoms are in 5.33 mol of CuCl2? 24. How many moles of CuCl2 contain 1.2 x 1023 atoms of Cl? 25. How many O atoms are in 3.15 mol of SnO2? 26. How many H atoms are in 17.5 g (NH4)2C2O4? Answers 01) 1.8 mol Na 02) 0.516 mol O 03) 139 g Cu 04) 16 g Fe 05) 4.3 x 1024 Cl atoms 06) 2.7 x 1023 Br atoms 07) 1.7 x 10-15 mol 08) 639 g S 09) 1.9 mol 10) 4.12 mol 11) 0.36 mol 12) 245 g 13) 40.g 14) 1.1x1024 molecules 15) 8.95x1022 formula units 23 2 16) 4.54x10 molecules 17) 79.9 g Fe2O3 18) 5.6x10 g CO 19) 1.51 x 1024 O atoms 20) 99.7 mol O 21) 3.21x1024 formula units 22) 3.21 x 1024 Cu atoms 23) 10.7 mol of Cl atoms 24) 0.10 mol CuCl2 25) 3.79x1024 O atoms 26) 6.79x1023 H atoms SET 2 01. The number of atoms in 1.0 mole of argon. 02. The number of atoms in 3.0 moles of helium. 03 The number of molecules in 1.0 mole of oxygen gas. 04. The number of molecules in 1.0 mole of water. 05. The number of atoms in 1.0 mole of water. 06. The number of oxygen atoms in 1.0 mole of water. 07. The number of hydrogen atoms 1.0 mole of water 08. The number of molecules in 1.0 mole of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), washing soda. 09. The number of molecules in 0.25 mole of sodium carbonate. 10. The number of oxygen atoms in 1.0 mole of sodium carbonate. 11. The number of oxygen atoms in 0.25 mole of sodium carbonate. 12. The mass of 1.0 mole of sodium carbonate. 13. The mass of oxygen in 1.0 mole of sodium carbonate. 14. The number of moles in 212.0 grams of sodium carbonate. 15. The number of grams in 0.75 mole of water. 16. The number of moles of water in 1.800 grams of water. 17. The number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon. 18. The number of atoms in 3.0 grams of carbon. 19. The number of atoms in 600.0 grams of carbon. 20. The mass of 1.80 x 1024 atoms of carbon. 21. The mass of 3.01 x 1023 molecules of water. 22. The number of atoms in 3.01 x1023 molecules of water. 23. The number of molecules in 36.0 grams of water. 24. The number of atoms in 36.0 grams of water. 25. The number of hydrogen atoms in 36.0 grams of water. 26. The number of atoms in 4.4 x1022 grams of carbon dioxide. 27. The number of moles in 3.7 x10-6 grams of carbon dioxide. 28. The number of moles of atoms found in 1.00 x103 grams of calcium carbonate, CaCO3. 29. The number of molecules in 7.100 grams of chlorine gas (be careful with chlorine gas). 30.The number of moles of chlorine atoms in 7.100 grams of chlorine gas. Answers 01) 6.0E23 07) 1.2E24 13) 48 19) 3.0E25 25) 2.40E24 02) 1.8E24 08) 6.0E23 14) 2.000 20) 36.0 26) 1.8 E45 03) 6.0E23 09) 1.5E23 15) 14 21) 9.00 27) 8.4E-8 04) 6.0E23 10) 1.8E24 16) 0.1000 22) 9.03E23 28) 5.00 E1 05) 1.8E24 11) 4.5E23 17) 6.0E23 23) 1.20E24 29) 6.028 E22 06) 6.0E23 12) 106 18) 1.5E23 24) 3.60E24 30) 2.003 E-1 Mr. Rivas Predicting Products of Chemical Reactions WS This worksheet is designed to help you predict products of simple reactions of the four basic reaction types (synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, and double replacement) and combustion reactions. For the first few reactions, the type of reaction is listed, you should predict the products, then balance them. Further questions just have the reactants listed and you should decide on the type of reaction, as well as the correct products. Many of these reactions fall into the category of redox reactions, though do not let that confuse you...each can be described in terms of the four basic reaction types (except the combustion reactions). a. Combustion: C6H12 + O2 b. Combustion: C4H6 + O2 c. Combustion: C6H10O3 + O2 + I2 2. Double displacement: CuCl2 + H2S 3. Double displacement: NaOH + 1. Synthesis: Mg HClO4 4. Decomposition: ZnCO3 + heat 5. Single replacement: HCl + Zn 6. ________________ Na + MgCl2 7. ________________ CaCl2 + K2CO3 8. ________________ K + Cl2 9. ________________ BaCl2 + K3PO4 10. ________________ H2SO4 + KOH 11. ________________ Al2(CO3)3 + heat 12. ________________ Al O2 13. ________________ Pb(NO3)2 + KOH 14. ________________ H2SO4 + BaCl2 15. ________________ Ca AgCl 16. ________________ H3PO4 + FeBr3 17. ________________ Li + N2 18. ________________ HCl + Mg(OH)2 19. ________________ Mg(OH)2 + heat 20. ________________ Fe(OH)3 + heat + + Balance the following reaction equations and classify each as to type of chemical reaction. For word equations, write out the formulas before balancing. 21. Na2O + P4O10 → Na3PO4 22. C12H22O11 + O2 → CO2 + H2O 23. MnO2 + Al → Al2O3 + Mn 24. barium nitrate + sulfuric acid → barium sulfate + nitric acid 25. aluminum sulfate + sodium hydroxide → aluminum hydroxide + sodium sulfate Complete and balance each of the following reactions. 26. Al + SnCl2 → 27. Ca + H2O → 28. Cl2 + NaBr → 29. Pb + HCl → 30. Zn + KCl → 31. Pb(NO3)2 + K2CrO4 → 32. ZnCO3 + H3PO4 → 33. Ca(OH)2 + HC2H3O2 → 34. FeCl3 + NaOH → 35. FeSO4 + (NH4)2S → Convert each of the word equations into a balanced chemical equation. 36. magnesium + oxygen 37. mercuric oxide (+heat) 38. carbon + oxygen 39. carbon + oxygen 40. hydrogen + oxygen 41. water (+electric current) 42. methane + oxygen 43. aluminum + oxygen 44. sodium + oxygen 45. sodium oxide + water 46. sodium + water 47. sulfur + oxygen 48. sulfur + oxygen (+ catalyst) 49. sulfur trioxide + water 50. nitrogen + hydrogen 51. hydrogen + chlorine 52. ammonia + hydrogen chloride 53. ammonium chloride + silver nitrate 54. zinc + sulfuric acid 55. zinc + sulfur 56. zinc sulfide + sulfuric acid 57. hydrogen sulfide + sulfur dioxide oride Mr. Rivas Chemical Reactions Write balanced equations for the following word equations. 1. potassium chloride + silver nitrate potassium nitrate + silver chloride 2. aluminum hydroxide + sodium nitrate aluminum nitrate + sodium hydroxide 3. iron metal + copper(II) sulfate iron(II) sulfate + copper metal 4. aluminum metal + copper(II) chloride aluminum chloride + copper metal 5. potassium bromide potassium metal + bromine 6. calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide gas 7. zinc metal + oxygen gas --> zinc oxide 8. chlorine gas + sodium metal sodium chloride 9. aluminum sulfate + barium chloride aluminum chloride + barium sulfate 10. beryllium fluoride + magnesium magnesium fluoride + beryllium 11. sodium hydrogen carbonate sodium carbonate + carbon dioxide + water Complete the word equation for the following chemical equations and indicate the type of reaction: S = synthesis, D = Decomposition, SR = Single replacement, DR = Double replacement, C = Combustion. ____ 12. aluminum sulfate + calcium phosphate ______________________________ ____ 13. magnesium chloride + silver nitrate ________________________________ ____ 14. sodium chlorate ______________________________________________ ____ 15. hydrogen gas + oxygen gas _______________________________________ ____ 16. zinc metal + copper(II) nitrate ____________________ ____ 17. sulfurous acid (H2SO3) water + sulfur dioxide ____ 18. copper(II) oxide + sulfuric acid. H2SO4 _______________________________ ____ 19. nitrogen gas + hydrogen gas ammonia (NH3) ____ 20. sodium iodide + chlorine gas _____________________________________ ____ 21. copper(II) hydroxide copper(II) oxide + water ____ 22. ammonia gas (NH3) + hydrochloric acid (HCl) (hint: single product) ___________ ____ 23. potassium metal + water (hint: H+OH-) ______________________________ ____ 24. propane (C3H8) + oxygen (hint: two products) __________________________ Balance the following chemical reactions and indicate the type of reaction: 1. H2 + O2 H2O 2. S8 + O2 SO2 3. HgO Hg + O2 4. Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2 5. Na + H2O NaOH + H2 6. C10H16 + Cl2 C + HCl 7. Si2H2 + O2 SiO2 + H2O 8. Fe + O2 Fe2O3 9. C7H6O2 + O2 CO2 + H2O 10. FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + SO2 11. Fe2O3 + H2 Fe + H2O 12. K + Br2 KBr 13. C2H2 + O2 CO2 + H2O 14. H2O2 H2O + O2 15. C7H16 + O2 CO2 + H2O 16. SiO2 + HF SiF4 + H2O 17. KClO3 KCl + O2 18. KClO3 KClO4 + KCl 19. P4O10 + H2O H3PO4 20. Sb + O2 Sb4O6 21. C2H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O 22. Fe2O3 + CO Fe + CO2 23. PCl5 + H2O HCl + H3PO4 24. H2S + Cl2 S8 + HCl 25. Fe + H2O Fe2O3 + H2 26. N2 + H2 NH3 27. N2 + O2 N2O 28. CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2 29. SiCl4 + H2O H4SiO4 + HCl 30. H3PO4 H4P2O7 + H2O 31. CO2 + NH3 OC(NH2)2 + H2O 32. Al(OH)3 + H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + H2O 33. Fe2(SO4)3 + KOH K2SO4 + Fe(OH)3 34. H2SO4 + HI H2S + I2 + H2O 35. Al + FeO Al2O3 + Fe 36. Na2CO3 + HCl NaCl + H2O + CO2 37. P4 + O2 P2O5 38. K2O + H2O KOH 39. Al + O2 Al2O3 40. Na2O2 + H2O NaOH + O2 41. C + H2O CO + H2 42. H3AsO4 As2O5 + H2O 43. Al2(SO4)3 + Ca(OH)2 Al(OH)3 + CaSO4 44. FeCl2 + NH4OH Fe(OH)2 + NH4Cl 45. Ca3(PO4)2 + SiO2 P4O10 + CaSiO3 46. N2O5 + H2O HNO3 47. Al + HCl AlCl3 + H2 48. H3BO2 H4B6O11 + H2O 49. Mg + N2 Mg2N2 50. NaOH + Cl2 NaCl + NaClO + H2O Mr. Rivas Empirical Formulas WS 01. A substance is 36.1% by weight calcium and 63.9% chlorine. a) In 100.g of this substance, how many grams of Ca would there be? b) In a 100.g of this substance, how many grams of Cl would there be? c) How many moles of Ca are there? d) How many moles of Cl are there? e) What is the ratio, moles of Ca to moles of Cl? f.) How many Cl’s are there for each Ca? g) What is the empirical formula of this compound? 02. A compound is 43.4%Na, 11.3%C, 45.3%O. a) In a 100.g sample of this substance there will be: (fill-in setup/solve) _____ g Na and ____ mol Na _____ gC = and ____ mol C _____ gO = and ____ mol O b) What is the ratio of mol Na to mol C? c) What is the ratio of mol C to mol O? d) What is the empirical formula for this compound? 03. A compound is 2.46%H, 39.1%S, 58.5%O. What is its empirical formula? 04. Calomel is the common name of a white powder once used in the treatment of syphilis. Its composition is 84.98% mercury and 15.02% chlorine. What is its empirical formula? 05. A sample of an unknown compound with a mass of 2.571 grams was found to contain 1.102 grams of C and 1.469 grams of oxygen. What is its empirical formula? 06. When a sample with a mass of 2.448 grams of compound present in liquified petroleum gas was analyzed, it was found to contain 2.003 grams of carbon and 0.4448 grams of hydrogen. What is its empirical formula? 07 Barium carbonate, a white powder used in paints, enamels, and ceramics, has the following composition: Ba, 69.58%; C, 6.090%; O, 24.32%. What is its empirical formula? 08. Realgar (re-Al-gar) is a deep red pigment used in painting. A 0.6817 grams sample was found to contain 0.4774 grams of arsenic; the remainder was sulfur. What are the empirical formula 09. The molecular formula of the antifreeze ethylene glycol is C 2H6O2. What is the empirical formula? Ans: CH3O 10. A well-known reagent in analytical chemistry, dimethylglyoxime, has the empirical formula C2H4NO. If its molar mass is 116.1 g/mol, what is the molecular formula of the compound? Ans: C4H8N2O2. 11. Nitrogen and oxygen form an extensive series of oxides with the general formula NxOy. One of them is a blue solid that comes apart, reversibly, in the gas phase. It contains 36.84% N. What is the empirical formula of this oxide? Ans: N2O3 12. A sample of indium chloride weighing 0.5000 g is found to contain 0.2404 g of chlorine. What is the empirical formula of the indium compound? Ans: InCl3 13. What is the empirical formula of a substance composed 56.6% potassium, 8.68% carbon, and 34.7% oxygen. 14. What is the empirical formula of a compound composed of 3.26 gof arsenic and 1.04 g of oxygen? 15. An unknown compound is analyzed and found to consist of 24.3 % carbon, 4.1% hydrogen, and 71.6 % chlorine. If the molecular mass of the compound is 98.8, what is the molecular formula of the compound? 16. What is the empirical formula of a substance composed 49.89% strontium, 13,67% carbon, and 36.44% oxygen? 17. An unknown compound is analyzed and found to consist of 49.0 % carbon, 2.7 % hydrogen, and 48.2 % chlorine. If the molecular mass of the compound is 150, what is the molecular formula of the compound? 18. Find the molecular formula for a compound with percentage composition 85.6 % C, 14.4 % H, and molecular mass 42.1. 19 What is the molecular formula of a substance with empirical formula TlC2H2O3 and molecular mass 557? 20. Hydroquinone is an organic compound commonly used as a photographic developer. It has a molecular weight of 110 g/mole and a composition of 65.45% C, 5.45 % H, and 29.09 % O. Calculate the molecular formula of hydroquinone. 21. In a previous problem, the empirical formula of a compound of phosphorus and oxygen was found to be P2O5. Experimentation shows that the molar mass of this compound is 283.89g. What is the compounds molecular formula. 22. The empirical formula for trichloroisocyanuric acid, the active ingredient in many household bleaches, is OCNCl. The molar mass of this compound is 232.41g. What is the molecular formula of trichloroisocyanuric acid. 23. The molar mass of a compound is 92g. Analysis of a sample of the compound indicates that it contains 0.606g N and 1.390g O. Find its molecular formula. 24. Determine the molecular formula of a compound with an empirical formula of NH2 and a formula mass of 32.06 amu. 25. A compound that combines in a fixed amount with one or more molecules of water is known as a hydrate. In lab, a 5.00-g sample of hydrated barium chloride, BaCl2•xH2O, is heated to drive off the water. After heating, 4.26 g of anhydrous barium chloride, BaCl2, remains. What is the value of x in the hydrate’s formula? 26. The oxygen-carrying protein known as hemoglobin is 0.335% Fe by mass and contains exactly four Fe atoms per hemoglobin molecule. Calculate the protein’s molar mass. 27. Halothane is an anesthetic that is 12.17% C, 0.51% H, 40.48% Br, 17.96% Cl and 28.87% F by mass. What is the compound’s molar mass if each molecule contains exactly one hydrogen atom? 28. A compound that is 31.9% K and 28.9% Cl by mass decomposes when heated to give O2 and a compound that is 52.4% K and 47.6% Cl by mass. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. Mr. Rivas Stoichiometry WS-01 01. Na2SiO3 (s) + 8 HF(aq) H2SiF6 (aq) + 2 NaF(aq) + 3 H2O (l) a. How many moles of HF are needed to react with 0.300 mol of Na2SiO3? b. How many grams of NaF form when 0.500 mol of HF reacts with excess Na 2SiO3? c. How many grams of Na2SiO3 can react with 0.800 g of HF? 02. C6H12O6 (aq) 2 C2H5OH (aq) + 2 CO2 (g) a. How many moles of CO2 are produced when 0.400 mol of C6H12O6 reacts in this fashion? b. How many grams of C6H12O6 are needed to form 7.50 g of C2H5OH? c. How many grams of CO2 form when 7.50 g of C2H5OH are produced? 03. Fe2O3 (s) + CO (g) Fe(s) + CO2 (g) (unbalanced!) a. Calculate the number of grams of CO that can react with 0.150 kg of Fe 2O3 b. Calculate the mass of Fe and the mass of CO2 formed when 0.150 kg of Fe2O3 reacts 04. 2 NaOH (s) + CO2 (g) Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (l) a. Identify the limiting reactant when 1.85 mol NaOH and 1.00 mol CO 2 are allowed to react? b. How many moles of Na2CO3 can be produced? 05. C6H6 + Br2 C6H5Br + HBr a. What is the theoretical yield of C6H5Br when 30.0 g of C6H6 reacts with 65.0 g or Br2? b. If the actual yield of C6H5Br was 56.7 g, what is the percent yield? 06. Silver sulfide (Ag2S) is the common tarnish on silver objects. What weight of silver sulfide can be made from 1.23 mg of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) obtained from a rotten egg? The reaction of formation of silver sulfide is given below: Ag(s) + H2S(g) + O2(g) Ag2S(s) + H2O(l) (Equation must first be balanced.) 07 A somewhat antiquated method for preparing chlorine gas involves heating hydrochloric acid with pyrolusite (manganese dioxide), a common manganese ore. (Reaction given below.) How many kg of HCl react with 5.69 kg of manganese dioxide? HCl(aq) + MnO2(s) H2O(l) + MnCl2 (aq) + Cl2(g) (Equation must first be balanced.) 08. Given the following equation: 2 C4H10 + 13 O2 8 CO2 + 10 H2O, show what the following molar ratios should be. a. C4H10 / O2 b. O2 / CO2 c. O2 / H2O d. C4H10 / CO2 e. C4H10 / H2O 09. Given the following equation: 2 KClO3 2 KCl + 3 O2 How many moles of O2 can be produced by letting 12.00 moles of KClO3 react? 10. Given the following equation: 2 K + Cl2 2 KCl How many grams of KCl is produced from 2.50 g of K and excess Cl2. From 1.00 g of Cl2 and excess K? 11. Given the following equation: Na2O + H2O 2 NaOH a) How many grams of NaOH is produced from 1.20 x 102 grams of Na2O? b) How many grams of Na2O are required to produce 1.60 x 102 grams of NaOH? 12. Given the following equation: 8 Fe + S8 8 FeS a) What mass of iron is needed to react with 16.0 grams of sulfur? b) How many grams of FeS are produced? 13. Given the following equation: 2 NaClO3 2 NaCl + 3 O2 a) How many grams of O2 will be produced from 12.00 moles of NaClO3? b) How many grams of NaCl are produced when 80.0 grams of O2 are produced? 14. Given the following equation: Cu + 2 AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag a) How many moles of Cu are needed to react with 3.50 moles of AgNO3? b) If 89.5 grams of Ag were produced, how many grams of Cu reacted? 15. Molten iron and carbon monoxide are produced in a blast furnace by the reaction of iron(III) oxide and coke (pure carbon). If 25.0 kilograms of pure Fe2O3 is used, how many kilograms of iron can be produced? The reaction is: Fe2O3 + 3 C 2 Fe + 3 CO 16. The average human requires 120.0 grams of glucose (C6H12O6) per day. How many grams of CO2 (in the photosynthesis reaction) are required for this amount of glucose? The photosynthetic reaction is: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2 17. Given the reaction: 4 NH3 (g) + 5 O2 (g) 4 NO (g) + 6 H2O (l) What is the total number of moles of products formed when 1.20 mole of ammonia reacts? 18. C6H12O6 (aq) 2 C2H5OH (aq) + 2 CO2 (g) a. How many moles of CO2 are produced when 0.400 mol of C6H12O6 reacts in this fashion? b. How many grams of C6H12O6 are needed to form 7.50 g of C2H5OH? c. How many grams of CO2 form when 7.50 g of C2H5OH are produced? 19. Fe2O3 (s) + CO (g) Fe(s) + CO2 (g) (unbalanced!) a. Calculate the number of grams of CO that can react with 0.150 kg of Fe 2O3 b. Calculate the mass of Fe and the mass of CO2 formed when 0.150 kg of Fe2O3 reacts 20. A 2.50-g sample of bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, was dissolved in sulfuric acid. The copper in the alloy reacts with sulfuric acid as shown by the following balanced reaction. Cu + 2H2SO4 → Cu2+ + SO2 + 2H2O + SO42– Adding KI produces CuI and triodide, I3– 2Cu2+ + 5 I– → 2CuI + I3– Finally, titrating the I3– with S2O32– I3– + 2S2O32– → 3 I– + S4O62– provides an indirect method for determining the amount of Cu in the original sample. Calculate the percentage, by mass, of copper in a sample of bronze if 31.5 mL of 1.00 M S2O32– is consumed in the titration. 21. Iron reacts with O2 to produce two different oxides, Fe2O3 or Fe3O4. If 167.6 g of Fe reacts completely with excess O2, producing 231.6 g of product, which oxide was formed? 22. If 6.80 g of PH3 and 6.80 g of O2 are combined according to the (unbalanced) reaction: ___ PH3 + ___ O2 → ___ P4O10 + ___ H2O a) Identify the limiting reagent and the excess reactant. b) How many grams of P4O10 will be formed? c) How many grams of the excess reagent will remain unreacted? d) Only 6.58 g of P4O10 are formed in the experiment. What is the percent yield? 23. Assume that two experiments are performed on the chemical reaction given below. 2Br– + Cl2 → Br2 + 2Cl– –2 Experiment 1: 100.0 mL of 1.00×10 M Br– is added to 50.00 mL of 2.00×10–2 M Cl2 Experiment 2: 100.0 mL of 2.00×10–2 M Br– is added to 50.00 mL of 1.00×10–2 M Cl2 Solutions of Br–, Cl2, and Cl– are colorless, but a solution of Br2 is red. If the reaction between Br– and Cl2 always goes to completion, which of the following observations is correct? Explain. Observation A: The solution in experiment 1 will be a darker red. Observation B: The solution in experiment 2 will be a darker red. Observation C: The solutions will be the same shade of red. 24. A process to produce aluminum from aluminum oxide has an 85.0% yield. How much aluminum will be produced from a reacting 700.0 kg of aluminum oxide to produce Al? The reaction is : __ Al2O3 + __ H2 __ Al + __ H2O