Grade 8 Shopping Cart Vocabulary
Electricity- Magnetism and Simple Machines
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Circuit
the complete path for electron flow
Battery
a temporary energy source
Electricity
the movement of charged particles based on the flow of electrons
Electrical energy
the energy that moves electric charges
Mechanical energy
the energy based on movement of objects
Magnetism
the force of attraction/repulsion based on opposite poles
Magnetic poles
the opposite ends of a magnet where attraction is strongest
Conductors
a substance that allows electrons or heat to flow
Insulators
a substance that does not allow electrons or heat to flow
Watts
how electric power is measured. Based on combination of volts and amps
Power
the amount of work done
Electrons
moving negative charges found outside the nucleus
Protons
non-moving positive charges found inside the nucleus
Atoms
the smallest particle of element
Current
the flow of electrons
Electromagnet
the type of magnet created by an electric current that flows through metal. This magnet can be turned on/off
Static electricity
the build up of charges on an object that often results from friction and causes attraction between opposite
fields
Amperes
SI unit for current
Input force
the force or push/pull that you exert on the machine
Output force
the force exerted on an object as a result of the input force
SAWLIP
screw
Fulcrum
the support on which a lever moves. This is usually still but not always in the center
Attraction
the force that exists when magnets and their opposite poles are close to each other
Repulsion
the force that exists when like poles are near each other and push away from each other
Volts
how much electric work is done per unit of charge
wheel/axle wedge lever
inclined plane pulley