Table 1.Characterization of arsenic hazard & exposure data in Louisiana
ENVIRONMENTAL ARSENIC DATA
DOMESTIC WELL AND WATER USE DATA
BIOMONITORING
DATA
Data
NAWQA
SDWIS
STORET
NGS
SONRIS
Water Use Data
Heavy Metal
Surveillance Data
Reference
USGS, 201320
LDHH, 201221
EPA, 201222
USGS, 200423
LDNR, 201224
USGS, 200925
LDHH, 201326
Owner
USGS (Federal)
LA DHH- SDWP
EPA
USGS
LA DNR (State)
USGS (Federal)
LA DHH- SEET
(State)
(Federal)
(Federal)
http://infotrek.er.us
Obtained through
http://www.epa.gov/
http://nimbus.cr.usg
http://sonris.com/
http://ga.water.usgs.g
Internally housed in
gs.gov
Data Sharing
storet/
s.gov/
(Data available
ov/edu/wateruse.htm
LDHH
upon request)
l
64 (parishes)
Source
Agreement
(State)
Sample
299 (LA
6728 (raw source
166 (LA groundwater
351 (LA soil/stream
77,036 (domestic
Count
groundwater
well samples)
samples)
sediment samples)
private wells)
6629 (tested
individuals)
samples)
Purpose of
To evaluate the
To ensure that public
To monitor the
To monitor the
For general
To appraise effects of
To identify at-risk
Surveillance
quality of potable
water systems
quality of
quality of
informational
water use and plan for
individuals and
System
groundwater
throughout the US
groundwater across
soil/sediment
purposes only.
future use.
populations,
throughout the US.
are meeting
US.
throughout the US.
monitor exposures
monitoring,
over time and space
analytical, and
and evaluate public
treatment technique
health actions
ENVIRONMENTAL ARSENIC DATA
DOMESTIC WELL AND WATER USE DATA
BIOMONITORING
DATA
Data
NAWQA
SDWIS
STORET
NGS
SONRIS
Water Use Data
Heavy Metal
Surveillance Data
requirements.
designed to reduce
exposure.
Temporal
1979-1997
1999-2009
1993-2005
Coverage
1967-2007 (1978,
2012
1950-2010
2007-2012
2000 and 2007 for LA
data)
Spatial
Latitude / longitude
Latitude / longitude
Latitude / longitude
Latitude / longitude
Latitude / longitude
Parish
Patient Address
Useful Data
Well depth; Station
Sample analyte, date,
Sample analyte, date,
Sample analyte, date,
Sample date;
Water type (domestic,
Sample analyte,
Elements
ID; Sample analyte,
result, units;
time, result, units,
result, units, depth,
Owners name; Well
industrial, agricultural,
date, result, units
date, time, result,
Detection limit;
media, and category
media (soil,
use (domestic,
etc.); Domestic self-
and media (blood,
units; Reporting
System number;
(replicate or routine
sediment);
commercial, public,
supplied population;
urine); Patient
limit
Source water type
sample);
Hydrologic unit; Site
livestock, etc.); Well
Domestic self-
name, address, age,
(groundwater (GW),
Detection/threshold
description
status (active,
supplied withdrawals
sex, race
surface water (SW),
limit; Hydrologic unit;
(meadow, woods,
abandoned,
(Mgal/day) by county
etc.); Sample type
Monitoring purpose;
suburban, marsh,
inactive, etc.); Well
(raw, treated)
Submitting
farm, etc.); Sample
descriptors (depth;
organization;
grain size ; Lab ID;
water level; casing
Resolution
ENVIRONMENTAL ARSENIC DATA
DOMESTIC WELL AND WATER USE DATA
BIOMONITORING
DATA
Data
NAWQA
SDWIS
STORET
NGS
SONRIS
Water Use Data
Heavy Metal
Surveillance Data
Sampling and
Possible
analytical methods;
contamination
Lab name; Personnel
source (farm,
name
suburban, industry,
material, aquifer)
sewage, mine, etc.),
and potential
(possible, definite,
probable, etc.)
Geographic
14%
83%
1.5%
25%
~ 50%
100%
Coverage
Testing varies by
parish & test type
(% of parishes with
(% of parishes with
(% of parishes with
(% of parishes with
(estimate of the %
(% of parishes with
n≥10)
n≥10)
n≥10)
n≥10)
of privately owned
water use measures)
(blood vs. urine)
domestic wells
0.14% of 2012 LA
registered with
population
LDNR based on
(4,602,134) were
internal
tested
communications
ENVIRONMENTAL ARSENIC DATA
DOMESTIC WELL AND WATER USE DATA
BIOMONITORING
DATA
Data
NAWQA
SDWIS
STORET
NGS
SONRIS
Water Use Data
Heavy Metal
Surveillance Data
with LDNR)
Target
NA
NA
NA
NA
Population
All well owners
NA
Tested population is
were required to
not representative
register their wells
of the state
after 1985. Pre-
population.
existing well
Individuals may
owners, or well
have been tested as
owners unaware of
part of routine
the law, may not be
occupational health
captured here.
surveillance or due
to a suspected
exposure.
Timeliness
No updates
Updated annually
Updated
Updates unknown
approximately every
Frequency of
Updated every 5 years
Real-time
updates sporadic
three years
Other
Volatile organic
Inorganic
Multiple chemicals
Selenium, mercury,
Lead, cadmium,
chemical
compounds (VOCs),
constituents,
and biological
calcium, iron,
mercury
ENVIRONMENTAL ARSENIC DATA
DOMESTIC WELL AND WATER USE DATA
BIOMONITORING
DATA
Data
NAWQA
SDWIS
STORET
NGS
SONRIS
Water Use Data
Heavy Metal
Surveillance Data
data
nutrients,
radionuclides,
organisms
sodium, potassium,
pesticides, trace
organic
manganese, gold,
elements
contaminants,
antimony, tellurium,
disinfection
thallium, tungsten
byproducts, total
coliform,
Comments/
Domestic wells
Data evaluated here
Data evaluated here
Goal is to analyze at
Data evaluated here
Covers public supply,
Reporting began in
Notes
sampled were
were drawn only
included wells of
least one sample in
include only
rural domestic (self-
2006 after LA”s
located primarily in
from raw (untreated)
various use: public
every 289 km2 area
registered active
supplied home use),
heavy metal rule
rural areas. Data can
source supply well
supply, domestic,
by a single set of
domestic wells.
irrigation, livestock,
required all arsenic
be compared
water samples. There
irrigation, industrial,
analytical methods.
aquaculture,
laboratory tests
because of the
are no federal or
observation, and
Covers 89% of US
industrial, mining,
results be reported
consistency of the
state requirements
monitor.
land area.
and thermoelectric
to LDHH
sampling design,
for monitoring
power wells. No
sampling protocols,
arsenic in source
consumptive use data
and water-quality
water.
were collected for
analyses.
any of the categories.
ENVIRONMENTAL ARSENIC DATA
DOMESTIC WELL AND WATER USE DATA
BIOMONITORING
DATA
Data
NAWQA
SDWIS
STORET
NGS
SONRIS
Water Use Data
Heavy Metal
Surveillance Data
Data were obtained
from multiple state,
federal and local
sources, and quality
or accuracy of these
data are unknown.
Source: Authors