IV course Module ІІІ Full removable prosthesis Teeth of the first type

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IV course
Module ІІІ
Full removable prosthesis
1. Teeth of the first type in Williamson, characterized by parallel or nearly parallel
lines of contact surfaces within half their length or more, from the cutting edge. At
what type of person are put teeth:
A.
Square.
B. Taper.
C. Oval.
D. Conical and oval.
E. Square and conical.
ANSWER: А
2. How many tentative lines for the production of tooth doctor puts on occlusal
ridges:
A.
2.
B.
3.
C.
4.
D.
5.
E.
6.
ANSWER: С
3. Active movement of facial muscles is a functional test Herbst on jaw
A.
Number 1
B.
Number 3
C.
Number 2
D.
Number 4
E.
Number 5
ANSWER: Е
4. Anthropometric method of determining intralveolar height based on the equality
of the distances from the middle of the pupils to the contact line of lips and from
the base of the nasal septum to the bottom of the chin – is method of:
A.
Larina.
B.
Tseyzinha.
C.
Wadsworth-White.
D.
Herynhera.
E.
Naysha.
ANSWER: С
5. Larin apparatus device used for:
A.
Smooth and cutting platen.
B.
Registration occlusal plane with simultaneous installation height upper
platen bite.
C.
Determination of the golden section.
D.
Heating platen.
E.
Fixation ridges in the central parity.
ANSWER: В
6. Naysh apparatus used for:
A.
Smooth and cutting platen.
B.
Determination of the golden section.
C.
Set the height of the upper platen bite.
D.
Heating plates
E.
Applying anatomical landmarks.
ANSWER: А
7. Biomechanical fixation method proposed Kemeni is to use:
A.
Pelota placed under the internal oblique line.
B.
Magnet placed under the gums.
C.
Fixative pastes.
D.
The difference in atmospheric pressure.
E.
Laminar gold springs on the lower denture.
ANSWER: А
8. Biomechanical fixation method is to use:
A.
Anatomical structures in the jaws.
B.
Sparse space.
C.
Magnets.
D.
Differences in atmospheric pressure.
E.
Fixative pastes.
ANSWER: А
9. Biophysical prosthesis fixation method is based on:
A. Physical laws.
B. Anatomical features limits prosthetic bed.
C.
Physical laws and anatomical features of the boundaries prosthetic bed.
D. Using mechanical retention devices.
E. Implants.
ANSWER: С
10. In ortopedic office doctor's undertook the construction of prosthetic planes that
manipulation should be followed
A. Putting orientation of an application for setting the teeth
B. Fixation of the central value
C.
Determining the height of the central value
D. Formation of the frontal area of the upper platen
E. Checking setting teeth
ANSWER: С
11. In dentistry hardness materials compared with the hardness of the hard tissue of
teeth. These are:
A.
Enamel
B. Dentine
C. Cement
D. Pulp
E. Cuticle
ANSWER: А
12. A vertical line drawn at the corners of mouth says:
A.
Lateral corners canines.
B. Mid canines.
C. Medial corners canines.
D. Lateral corners first premolars.
E. Medial corners second premolars.
ANSWER: А
13. Vertical movement corresponds to opening and closing the mouth is due to
alternate muscle contractions that raise and lower jaw. Simultaneously, the
articular head:
A. Glides and rotates in the articular fossa, and slip occurs in the anteriorupper, and speed - in the lower-rear cameras joint.
B. Revolves around a transverse axis. In this articular disc slides on the
back of the articular tubercle.
C. From one side, where reduced muscle moves down and forward and
slightly deviates inward. In other side of the articular head, stays in
cavity makes rotational movement around the vertical axis.
D. It remains in place.
E. Rotating around a vertical axis. The articular disc slides along the
surface of the articular tubercle.
ANSWER: A
14. Use pelot placed under the internal oblique line with biomechanical methods of
fixation suggested:
A. Parshin.
B. Zelbah.
C.
Kemeni.
D. Boyanov.
E. Parshin.
ANSWER: С
15. The height of the lower third of the face or the distance between dots deposited
on the face measured:
A. Spatula.
B. Base plate wax.
C. Special line.
D. Strips of paper.
E. All answers are correct.
ANSWER: Е
16. Nomination of the tongue towards the tip of the nose is a functional test Herbst on
jaw
A. Number 1
B. Number 3
C. Number 2
D. Number 4
E. Number 5
ANSWER: D
17. Stretch gloss in a tube is a functional test Herbst on upper jaw
A. Number 1
B. Number 3
C. Number 2
D. Number 4
E. Number 5
ANSWER: В
18. Vibrating zone - this is part of the mucosa, which is at:
A. Say the sound of "a"
B. Mouth opening
C. Say the sound "y"
D. Singing
E. Smile
ANSWER: А
19. From the action of which method of fixation hypertrophic mucosa, which may be
the cause of malignancy:
A. Mechanical.
B. Biomechanical.
C. Anatomy.
D. Physical.
E. Biophysical.
ANSWER: D
20. Impression - is:
A. Negative display any organ of dentition and face
B. The positive image of the relief dentition and jaw tissue prosthetic bed
C. There is no right answer
D. Microdentures that restores the integrity of the tooth
E. A device that restores the vertical, sagittal movements lower jaws
ANSWER: A
21. Printout that shows tissue prosthetic bed during the call:
A. Anatomical.
B. Diagnostic.
C. Occlusion.
D. Functional.
E. Double.
ANSWER: D
22. Gypsum is used for:
A. Obtaining models
B. Modeling stamps for crown
C. Fixing models occludators
D. Fixing models in articulators
E. All answers are correct
ANSWER: Е
23. A deep layer of circular muscle of mouth is:
A. Continuation cheek muscles
B. Medial alary muscle
C. Two abdomen muscle
D. The muscles that raise and lower the corners of his mouth
E. Lateral wing of muscle
ANSWER: А
24. The horizontal line drawn along the border red border of the upper lip with a
smile the patient usually goes on:
A. Equator teeth.
B. Cervical teeth.
C. The lower third of the gums.
D. Mid gums.
E. Slightly below the equator teeth.
ANSWER: В
25. Where is the vibration area on the upper jaw
A. The soft palate
B. On the palate
C. At the edge of the soft and hard palate
D. In the sublingual space
E. In line A
ANSWER: А
26. Where placed transverse folds palate:
A. The front third of the hard palate
B. The rear third of the hard palate
C. At the intersection of the sagittal suture and palate line A
D. In line A
E. On the soft palate
ANSWER: А
27. Lots of mucosa involved in the creation of regional valve called:
A. Neutral zone.
B. Valve area.
C. Denture bed.
D. Denture field.
E. Denture boundary zone.
ANSWER: В
28. To install the mandible in a position of central occlusion patient's head throw
something back, to:
A. Prevent nomination mandible forward.
B. Prevent nomination mandible to the side.
C. Prevent movement of the mandible back.
D. Prevent mouth opening.
E. Wax rollers tightly joined to each other.
ANSWER: А
29. To improve the mechanical fixation of the denture to increase the weight of the
lower jaw in the base could accommodate Tungsten:
A. Wayne.
B. Foshar.
C. Oxman.
D. Gavrilov.
E. Boyanov.
ANSWER: А
30. Which method of fixation include the use of magnets:
A. Mechanical.
B. Biomechanical.
C. Anatomy.
D. Physical.
E. Biophysical.
ANSWER: D
31. Method of attachment, which include the use of saturated clasp
A. Mechanical.
B. Biomechanical.
C. Physical.
D. Biophysical.
E. Physiological.
ANSWER: В
32. Which method of fixation include fixing the prosthesis on implants
A. Mechanical.
B. Biomechanical.
C. Anatomy.
D. Physical.
E. Biophysical.
ANSWER: А
33. Reaching the tip of the tongue to the cheek, under half-mouth is a functional test
Herbst on jaw
A. Number 1
B. Number 3
C. Number 2
D. Number 4
E. Number 5
ANSWER: В
34. The second test Herbst on the lower jaw is in
A. The wide open mouth and implementation of the act of swallowing.
B. Reaching the tip of the tongue to the cheek, under half-mouth.
C. Implementation of the tongue on the red fringe lower lip.
D. Active movements of the facial muscles.
E. Nomination of the tongue towards the tip of the nose.
ANSWER: С
35. The second type is characterized by Williamson on the contact surface lines sharp
converge so that if they continued they intersect at the apex of the tooth. At what
type of person are put teeth:
A. Square.
B. Taper.
C. Oval.
D. Conical and oval.
E. Square and conical.
ANSWER: В
36. Which roller is a physician in determining the interalveolar height:
A. Only top.
B. Only with the bottom.
C. At the height of understated rollers wax building up on the bottom
platen, while overstating height roller wax cut from the upper platen.
D. At the height of understated rollers wax building up on the top roller,
while overstating height roller wax cut from the lower platen.
E. With any, at the discretion of the doctor.
ANSWER: В
37. With the material directly with the method CITO produce individual spoon:
A. Stens.
B. Paraffin.
C. Self-hardening plastic.
D. Photopolimerezation plastic.
E. Wax.
ANSWER: Е
38. Whereby individual spoon is made, proposed by Professor EY Varese
A. Dental Prosthetic punch-press setup (SOSHPU)
B. Standard plates AKR-P
C. Plastics
D. Wax
E. Dental cuvette
ANSWER: А
39. The shift of the mandible to the side, to be due to a unilateral reduction of the
lateral pterygoid muscle as the core, and actually chewing and medial pterygoid
muscles as auxiliary. This articular head from where reduced muscle moves down
and forward and slightly deviates inward, forming the previous position angle 1517 °, which is called the angle:
A. Giza.
B. Bonvilya.
C. Gothic.
D. Bennett.
E. Hanau.
ANSWER: D
40. The shift of the mandible to the side, to be due to a unilateral reduction of the
lateral pterygoid muscle as the core, and actually chewing and medial pterygoid
muscles as auxiliary. This articular head from where reduced muscle moves down
and forward and slightly deviates inward, forming the previous position angle 1517 °, which is called the angle:
A. Transversal joint path.
B. Sagittal articular way.
C. Sagittal incisal path.
D. Transversal incisive way.
E. Vertical articulate way.
ANSWER: А
41. The shift of the mandible to the side, to be due to a unilateral reduction of the
lateral pterygoid muscle as the core, and actually chewing and medial pterygoid
muscles as auxiliary. This articular head from where reduced muscle moves down
and forward and slightly deviates inward, forming an angle with the preceding
provisions:
A. 30-35
B. 40-50
C. 100-110
D. 15-17
E. 70-80
ANSWER: D
42. Teeth that are characterized by parallel or nearly parallel lines of contact surfaces
over half their length or more, from the cutting edge. What is the type of teeth in
Williamson:
A. First.
B. Second.
C. Third.
D. Fourth.
E. Five.
ANSWER: А
43. Teeth third type is characterized by Williamson two convex lines on the distal
and sometimes -and medial surfaces. All surfaces and corners rounded third type
of teeth and tiny. At what type of person are put teeth:
A. Square.
B. Taper.
C. Oval.
D. Conical and oval.
E. Square and conical.
ANSWER: С
44. Teeth that are characterized by the presence of the contact surfaces which are
substantially line
of the envelope, so that if they continue, that intersect at the apex of the tooth. What
is the kind of teeth in Williamson:
A. First.
B. Second.
C. Third.
D. Fourth.
E. Five.
ANSWER: В
45. Teeth that are characterized two convex lines on the distal and sometimes - and
medial surfaces. All surfaces and rounded corners and tiny teeth. What is the type
of teeth in Williamson:
A. First.
B. Second.
C. Third.
D. Fourth.
E. Five.
ANSWER: С
46. Kamperivska horizontal - is:
A. Tragi-orbital line.
B. Nasal-ear line.
C. Pupillary line.
D. Medial line.
E. Superciliary line.
ANSWER: В
47. Kamperivska horizontal projected on the soft tissues of the face:
A. Fundamentals wings of the nose to the middle ear tragus.
B. Lower edge of the orbit to the middle ear tragus.
C. Pupil to pupil.
D. Middle ear tragus to the angle of the mandible.
E. Corner of the mouth to the middle ear tragus.
ANSWER: А
48. Fingerprint Classification (1985) developed:
A. Gavrilov
B. Betelmanom
C. Brahman
D. Oxman
E. Kurland
ANSWER: А
49. In lines for registration occlusal plane while setting the height of the upper platen
bite apparatus can be used:
A. Naysha.
B. Larina.
C. Vasiliev.
D. Wadsworth-White.
E. Herynhera.
ANSWER: В
50. Angle sagittal incisal path averages:
A. 30-35
B. 40-50
C. 100-110
D. 15-17
E. 70-80
ANSWER: А
51. Angle sagittal articular path called:
A. Angle of Giza.
B. Angle Bennet.
C. Angle Spee.
D. Angle Hanau.
E. Angle Bonvilya.
ANSWER: А
52. Angle transversal joint path averages:
A. 30-35
B. 40-50
C. 100-110
D. 15-17
E. 70-80
ANSWER: D
53. Angle transversal joint path called:
A. Angle of Giza.
B. Angle Bennet.
C. Angle Spee
D. Angle Hanau.
E. Angle Bonvilya
ANSWER: В
54. Bennett angle called the angle:
A. Transversal joint path.
B. Sagittal articulate way.
C. Sagittal incisal path.
D. Transversal incisive way.
E. Vertical articulate way.
ANSWER: В
55. Angle Giza called angle:
A. Transversal joint path.
B. Sagittal articulate way.
C. Sagittal incisal path.
D. Transversal incisive way.
E. Vertical articulate way.
ANSWER: В
56. The line connecting the anterior nasal beard and base of the ear canal, parallel to
the lateral segment of the occlusal plane. This line is called:
A. Kamperivska.
B. Frankfurt.
C. Retsiusa.
D. Cupid.
E. Smile.
ANSWER: А
57. Medical plaster should be stored under the following conditions:
A. In a dry place, in tightly sealed bags
B. In any environment
C. In a dark damp room
D. Storage defines dental technician
E. There is no correct answer
ANSWER: А
58. The method of functional design edge spoon through proper functional
movements is:
A. The doctor himself conducts functional design edge spoon.
B. The patient performs movements of the lips, cheeks and jaws.
C. Conducting functional tests.
D. Making spoons at rest.
E. Making the edges under pressure.
ANSWER: В
59. The method of functional design edge spoons passive motion is:
A. The doctor himself conducts functional design edge spoon.
B. The patient takes the proper functional movements.
C. The functional tests.
D. Conducting chewing movements.
E. The correct answer is no.
ANSWER: А
60. Mechanical fixation method proposed by Fosharom is:
A. Increased weight lower denture.
B. Using magnets.
C. Use of pelot.
D. Using the difference in atmospheric pressure.
E. Using laminar gold springs.
ANSWER: Е
61. Mechanical fixation method of complete prosthesis using laminar gold springs
developed:
A. Betelman.
B. Oxman.
C. Boyanov.
D. Foshar.
E. Doinikova.
ANSWER: D
62. Between the vertical line drawn at the corners of the mouth and the median line is
placed:
A. 2.5 tooth.
B. 3 tooth.
C. 4 tooth.
D. 5 teeth.
E. 6 teeth.
ANSWER: В
63. Between perpendiculars drawn from the outer wings of the nose to the prosthetic
plane located:
A. 2.5 tooth.
B. 3 tooth.
C. 4 tooth.
D. 5 teeth.
E. 6 teeth.
ANSWER: D
64. Between the median line and the perpendicular drawn from the outer wings of the
nose to the prosthetic plane located:
A. 2.5 tooth.
B. 3 tooth.
C. 4 tooth.
D. 5 teeth.
E. 6 teeth.
ANSWER: А
65. In many parts of divided hypoglossal space
A. 3
B. 2
C. 4
D. 5
E. 6
ANSWER: А
66. Which parts of divided hypoglossal space:
A. Front, back side
B. Front, side
C. Internal, external
D. The outer, middle
E. Front, rear
ANSWER: А
67. The most practical classification of methods of fixation of full dentures
developed:
A. Foshar.
B. Pershin.
C. Boyanov.
D. Sidorenko.
E. Oxman.
ANSWER: С
68. Both vertical line drawn at the corners of his mouth is a guide for setting:
A. 2.5 teeth.
B. 3 teeth.
C. 4 teeth.
D. 5 teeth.
E. 6 teeth
ANSWER: Е
69. One of the stages of making a full denture is fitting individual spoons and
removing functional reprint. Which of these materials are used for the functional
design of the edges of individual spoons:
A. "Hromopan"
B. Gypsum
C. "Ortokor"
D. "Tiodent"
E. "Stomalgin"
ANSWER: С
70. One of the conditions determining the central occlusion is the construction plane
in the presence of a sufficient number of teeth through cutting edge of the central
incisors and mandibular distal-buccal protuberance last molars. What plane of
built
A. Prosthetic
B. Sagittal
C. Vertical
D. Transversal
E. Frankfurt
ANSWER: А
71. Edging the edges of the print spend for:
A. Extending the boundaries of the prosthesis.
B. Thickening boundaries prosthesis.
C. Warning shift valve area on the model during its processing.
D. Expanding the boundaries of the prosthesis.
E. There is no correct answer
ANSWER: А
72. Last stage - drawing rough lines - used for:
A. Performances six upper front teeth.
B. Performances of all the upper teeth.
C. Performances of the upper and lower teeth.
D. Performances six front upper and lower teeth.
E. Performances six lower front teeth.
ANSWER: А
73. Assessment of quality print dental technician include:
A. Clarity structures prosthetic bed
B. Adhesion of impression materials to impression spoons
C. The degree of purification of the fingerprint from the remnants of blood
and microorganisms
D. Deformation indentation and the presence of air bubbles and areas blur
saliva
E. All answers are correct
ANSWER: Е
74. The fifth test Herbst on the lower jaw is in
A. The wide open mouth and implementation of the act of swallowing.
B. Reaching the tip of the tongue to the cheek, under half-mouth.
C. Before conducting the tongue on the red fringe lower lip.
D. Active movements of the facial muscles.
E. Nomination of the tongue towards the tip of the nose.
ANSWER: D
75. Anterior sublingual space is placed:
A. Between the tongue and lingual surface of the anterior alveolar ridge
areas
B. In retroalveolar area
C. In the area of molars
D. In the area of premolars
E. In the area behind the alveolar
ANSWER: А
76. The first test Herbst on the upper jaw is:
A. Suction cheeks.
B. Wide mouth opening.
C. Tongue to.
D. Stretching the lips into a tube.
E. Conducting the act of swallowing.
ANSWER: В
77. The first test Herbst on the lower jaw is in
A. Wide mouth opening and an act of swallowing.
B. Before conducting the tongue on the red fringe lower lip.
C. Reaching the tip of the tongue to the cheek under half-mouth.
D. Nomination of the tongue towards the tip of the nose.
E. Active movements of the facial muscles.
ANSWER: А
78. In the study of diagnostic models built Bonvilya triangle. Which it kind of
answers correctly formed tooth rows
A. Equilateral
B. Isosceles
C. Rectangular
D. Obtuse
E. Bastard
ANSWER: А
79. When making a plaster model to use the following solutions:
A. 50% glucose solution
B. Normal water
C. Alcohol solution
D. 3% NaCl solution
E. 4% salt solution
ANSWER: В
80. When making a full denture on the upper jaw patient age in '68 at the stage of
fitting individual spoons using samples Herbst found that the spoon dropped by
retracting cheeks. In which area you want to cut the edge of individual spoons:
A. Through the "A"
B. In the anterior
C. From the back of the hill of the upper jaw to the middle of the collar
bone
D. Around the vestibular edge
E. In the area of buccal-collar folds
ANSWER: Е
81. During the oral examination of the patient revealed mobility toothless alveolar
bone of the upper jaw (appendix that sways). The degree of atrophy of the alveolar
sprout - II by Schroeder. Mucous moderately compliant. Which impression of the
degree of compression to prefer:
A. Combined
B. Compression
C. Decompression
D. Differentiated
E. Loading
ANSWER: D
82. When making plastic dough distinguish the following stages:
A. Rubber, threads, stretching, sand
B. Shortbread, threads, stretching, doughy, rubber
C. Elastic crystal
D. Rubber, sand, elastic, fluid
E. There is no correct answer
ANSWER: В
83. When fitting individual spoons on the upper jaw patient age in '49 with a wide
open mouth it is reset. In which area you want to cut the edge spoons:
A. Through the "A"
B. In the frontal area
C. In the area of palatal torus
D. In the posterior-lateral tubercle of the upper jaw area
E. In the area of buccal-collar folds
ANSWER: D
84. Palatine fossa is:
A. The lines connecting the points at the base of hills alveolar maxilla
B. In the front third of the palate
C. In projection transverse folds palate
D. Near the incisive papilla
E. In projection Torus
ANSWER: А
85. After reaching parallel surfaces roller on pupillary and nasal-ear lines, they
should be smooth, making prosthetic created equal plane. For this purpose, it is
expedient to use the device:
A. Naysha
B. Larina.
C. Vasiliev.
D. Wadsworth-White.
E. Herynhera.
ANSWER: А
86. The surface layer of circular muscle of mouth is:
A. Continuation of muscles that raise and lower the corners of his mouth
B. Medial alary muscle
C. Temporal muscle
D. Two abdominal muscles
E. Lateral alary muscle
ANSWER: А
87. Concept definition CITO:
A. Center implantology and orthopedics.
B. Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics
C. Center implantology, traumatology.
D. Central Institute of injury and occlusion.
E. Georgian scientist orthopedist.
ANSWER: В
88. The concept of relative physiological rest mandible and information about the
anatomy of the tissues surrounding the oral cleft, formed the basis of the method
of determining the interalveolar height, called:
A. Anthropometric.
B. Anatomical and functional.
C. Anatomy.
D. Physiological.
E. Anthropo-physiological.
ANSWER: В
89. The correctness of the definition interalveolar height check conversational
breakdown. (Patient asked to say a few letters or syllables (a and, B, c, p, f, etc..)
And watch while the degree of disengagement bite patern). In normal height it
reaches disengagement:
A. 1-2mm.
B. 2-3mm.
C. 3-4mm.
D. 4-5mm.
E. 5-6mm.
ANSWER: Е
90. In determining the central occlusion, the doctor asked the patient put head slightly
back, so that:
A. To prevent the nomination of the mandible to the side.
B. Prevent movement of the mandible back.
C. Prevent nomination mandible forward.
D. Prevent mouth opening.
E. Wax rollers tightly joined to each other.
ANSWER: С
91. In establishing the diagnosis in clinical prosthodontics using different
classification. Which of the following authors proposed a classification of
edentulous mandible:
A. Keller
B. Kennedy
C. Gavrilov
D. Varese
E. Schroeder
ANSWER: А
92. When the square type face teeth pose:
A. First type in Williamson.
B. Second type in Williamson.
C. Third type in Williamson.
D. Fourth type in Williamson.
E. Fifth type in Williamson.
ANSWER: А
93. When conical type face teeth put:
A. First type in Williamson.
B. Second type in Williamson.
C. Third type in Williamson.
D. Fourth type in Williamson.
E. Fifth type in Williamson.
ANSWER: В
94. When oval type face teeth pose:
A. First type in Williamson.
B. Second type in Williamson.
C. Third type in Williamson.
D. Fourth type in Williamson.
E. Fifth type in Williamson.
ANSWER: С
95. When prepared as a base control with occlusive wax binder, which should be at
the height of both rollers:
A. 2cm.
B. 3cm.
C. 4cm.
D. 5cm.
E. 6cm.
ANSWER: С
96. When prepared as a base control with occlusive wax binder, which should be at
the width rollers:
A. 5-7mm.
B. 8-10mm.
C. 11-13mm.
D. 14-17mm.
E. 18-20mm.
ANSWER: В
97. When prepared as base control with occlusive wax binder, upper occlusive ridges
respectively part 7 | 7 should be cut at an angle toward the maxillary hills, if you
do not, then
A. Not to be reproduced curve Spee.
B. Prosthetic plane will be difficult to make parallel nasal-ear line.
C. Mucous tubercles of the mandible can persist in these areas and
promote their roller displacement and deformation.
D. It will be hard to fix the jaw in the central relationships.
E. It will be hard to fix phenomenon Hrystensena.
ANSWER: С
98. In a quiet position in the lips of people who have all their teeth, the cutting edge
of front teeth, including canines, located at:
A. 1-2 mm below the cut lip.
B. 2-3 mm below the cut lip.
C. At the level of the cut lip.
D. 1-2 mm above the level of the cut lip.
E. 2-3 mm above the level of the cut lip.
ANSWER: А
99. At what temperature rate hardening plaster accelerating
A. 30-370C
B. 5-100C
C. 10-150C
D. 1-50C
E. 20-250C
ANSWER: А
100. At what type of mucosa in Suple shows impressions taking under differential
pressure:
A. I type.
B. II type.
C. III type.
D. IV type.
E. For all types.
ANSWER: Е
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